Chapter 12.2 Expansion and Internal Improvements

• With Pres. Monroe observing the “Era of Good Feelings”, America continues to make new states.

• Question: – How do you get from one

state to another? • What if you didn’t have

roads?

1819• 60,000 + settlers have moved

into Missouri Territory– Now they can apply to become

a state!

• Problem: – Most of the settlers are from:

• VA• GA• NC• SC

– Guess what they have brought with them for labor?

Debate: Should Missouri be allowed to have slaves?

• NW Ordinance of 1787– Outlines how new states can

join the United States• Need 60,000 people• Can not have slaves!!

• Pro-slavery politicians from South argue:

• NW Ordinance was only for OH, IN, IL, WI, and MI

• People of Missouri should be able to make their own decisions!!

• So, what do we do?

Henry Clay calls for a Compromise• Clay comes up with a deal

that makes both sides happy:– Let Missouri join as a “slave”

state

– Make a “free” state to balance…• Hello Maine!

– Then, ban slavery in any new state north of Missouri

• Called Missouri Compromise

1820…The Great Peacemaker• Henry Clay kept America from

fighting itself…however:

– The South• Realizing they may have to fight

to keep slavery

– The North• Realizing they may have to fight

to end slavery

• In schools, they teach their children to be like Henry Clay– Look for a way to end slavery!

– Guess who is a young 10 yr old student?

Internal Improvements

• Henry Clay also wanted to connect: – “old America”

• East Coast

– “new America”• OH, MO, LA,

• How? – Build roads and canals!

• Called American System

A National Road is Built

• Called Cumberland Road– Ran from Cumberland, MD – Ended in Wheeling, WV

• Extended to Columbus, OH

• Problem:– This cost a lot of money!

– What would be an easier road to build?

A Road on Water

• Erie Canal is built– started Albany, NY on

Hudson River

– Ended in Buffalo, NY on Lake Erie

– Later, connected to Canals through Ohio to Ohio River…• Cities pop up all along the

canal system– Akron– Cuyahoga Falls

The Erie Canal

Cities that Develop due to Canals

Canals in Akron

Canals in Akron

Review Questions

• What is the Missouri Compromise?

• What is the Cumberland Road?

• What is the Erie Canal?