Chapter 11Chapter 11Section 4Section 4

MORE TECHNOLOGICAL

ADVANCES

Who was Samuel Morse?

18

Telegraph Speeds Telegraph Speeds CommunicationCommunication

In 1832 Samuel Morse perfects the telegraph —a

device that could send information over wires

across great distances--- speeds up communication.

First message sent: “What hath God wrought”

Information is sent on a telegraph through pulses of electric current through a wire. The telegraph operator tapped a bar, telegraph key, that controlled the length of each pulse —Morse Code.

Telegraph key

Morse Code is a communication system that combines dots and dashes to represent each letter of the alphabet. A short click is a dot. A long click is a dash.

Can you figure out the message?

---- -- --- – – – – - – - – - – –

- – - – – – – - – - – - – ---

1832- Morse invents telegraph

1844- telegraph wired news of pres. Nomination during

DemocraticNational Conv.

Telegraph grew with railroads- companies

strung wire poles along railroads.

Quicker communication

Increased Business Productivity

Nation ismore united

1861- first transcontinental telegraphline completed

Why did cities grow and become the center

of industry?

19

Cities grow and become the center of

industry

People immigrate from foreign

countries and ruralareas for factory

jobs

Water powered factories are

replacedby steam

powered factories

Business owners could now build

factories anywhere

Companies begin tobuild their factoriesclose to cities and

transportationcenters.

Easy access for workers, businesses

can pay lower wages, shipping

costs lowered

By 1860 New

England has as many

factories as the entire South

Who was John Deere?

20

John Deere, a blacksmith, invented the steel plow in

1837. The steel plow was able to plow through thick

soil easily. By 1846, Deere was selling 1,000 plows a

year.

Who was Cyrus

McCormick?

21

Cyrus McCormick developed the mechanical reaper in 1831. This machine quickly and efficiently cut down wheat. McCormick advertised his reaper, gave demonstrations, and let customers buy on credit.

McCormick and Deere’s inventions were used by American farmers to efficiently plant and harvest their crops

What other inventions came out of the mid- 1800s?

22

Inventions that made home life easy &

convenient

Elias Howe invented the sewing machine

Isaac Singer improved the sewing machine- cloth production and repair is easier

1830s- iceboxes, cooled by large blocks of ice, store fresh food safely for longer periods

Iron cook stoves replace cooking fires and stonehearths

1830s- matches were introduced

1849- Walter Hunt invented the safety pin

Companies mass produce products- ie. a clock in 1800 costs $50, in 1850 costs $1.50

THE ENDTHE END