Chapter 10, Section 3

Important Political Figures Chart

10-3 Guided Reading

What is this cartoon saying about the Monroe Doctrine?

Click the Speaker buttonto replay the audio.

James Monroe pocket watch

Political Role• Republican • Won 1816 Presidential election (inaugurated on March 4, 1817)

• Won reelection in 1820 campaign by wide margin

James Monroe

Claim to Fame•Ushered in “Era of Good Feeling”

•1823 Issued Monroe Doctrine which was a warning to foreign nations to stay away

Political Role• War Hawk • Southerner • Opposed internal improvements and National Bank

John C. Calhoun

Claim to Fame• Became foremost advocate of states rights • Opposed high tariffs which he believed went against agricultural and slavery issues of the south

Political Role• Served in the House and Senate • Represented Massachusetts • Supported free trade but later changed to support Tariff of 1816 • Wanted to strengthen Northern industry

Daniel Webster

Claim to Fame

• Greatest orator of his time • Spoke against sectional interests - “Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!”• Defended nation as a whole

Political Role•War Hawk • Speaker of the House in 1817 • Interest in the western states

Henry Clay

Claim to Fame• Developed idea of American System – included protective tariffs, internal improvements, and a national bank

•Proposed the idea of the Missouri Compromise – proposed to allow Missouri to enter the union as a slave state if Maine entered as a free state

Missouri Compromise

Political Role• Chief Justice of Supreme Court (1819) • Ruled in McCulloch v. Maryland case

–Did states have the right to tax federal institutions?

John Marshall

Claim to Fame• Made ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland • Maryland had no right to tax the national bank • This ruling helped to strengthen the federal government

Guided Reading 10-3I. Relations with Britain

A. In 1817 Rush-Bagot Treaty between Great Britain and the United States set limits on the number of naval vessels on the Great Lakes

B. The Convention of 1818 set the official United States-Canadian boundary (at 49th , created a demilitarized border, and allowed Americans to settle in Oregon Country.

II. Relations with Spain

A. Despite Spanish claims, the United States said West Florida was part of the Louisiana Purchase.

Guided Reading 10-3

II. Relations with Spain (cont.)

B. In April 1818 General Andrew Jackson invaded Spanish East Florida.

C. Luis de Onis, Spanish minister to the United States, protested.

II. Relations with Spain (cont.)

D. Sectary of State John Quincy Adams guessed correctly that the Spanish did not want war. In 1819 Spain signed the Adams-Onis Treaty giving up East Florida. The United States gave up Spanish Texas.

III. Latin American RepublicsA. In 1810 Miguel Hidalgo led a failed rebellion against the Mexican government. B. Mexico gained independence in 1821.

C. Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin were largely responsible for independence in South America.

Guided Reading 10-3

Guided Reading 10-3IV. The Monroe Doctrine

A. When Spain asked the Quadruple Alliance for help in fighting rebel forces in South America, the chance of increased European involvement in South America led President James Monroe to action

IV. The Monroe Doctrine

B. The president issued the Monroe Doctrine in 1823. In it he declared that the United States would not interfere with any existing European colonies in the Americas, but it would oppose any new ones.

C. The statement became an important element in American foreign policy.

Review: What were some territorial disputes that the United States had

with Great Britain and Spain after the War of 1812?

Great Britain:

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Spain:

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Review: What were some territorial disputes that the United States had

with Great Britain and Spain after the War of 1812?

Great Britain:• border set at the 49th

parallel• Rush-Bagot Treaty

limits the number of navel vessels on the Great Lakes

• Disarmament along the northern border

Spain:• The U.S. gives up its

claims to Texas• Border runs northwest

from Gulf of Mexico to the 42nd parallel, and then west to the Pacific Ocean

• Andrew Jackson seizes two forts in Florida

• East Florida becomes United States Territory

DO NOWAfter studying Chapter 10 (p. 306-327)

create a book foldable to explain which one area of expansion you think was most important to the growth of the nation.

On one side draw a picture of what you think was most important and on the other side write a paragraph to explain your choice.

Topics from Ch. 10• New inventions• Industrial growth

• Improved transportation• Changes in foreign policy

Review:From the “Important Political Figures”

chart, write a “who am I” question for each of the politicians. Then use your questions to quiz your partner.

For example: “I am a Southerner and a War Hawk. I am opposed to high tariffs but in favor of states rights. Who am I?”

Review: Recreate the diagram and fill in with info on how sectionalism grew in these

areas over economic activities and needs.

Supported compromise

Supported internal improvements

Supported slavery

Supported state’s rights

Opposed nationalist programs such as tariffs and internal improvements

Opposed slavery

Supported nationalists policies