Chapter 10 Section 3Earthquake Hazards

Objectives:-Summarize earthquake hazards and the damage they can cause-Explain how safe building practices and earthquake prediction can prevent damage

Earthquake Hazards

• Aftershocks, fires, and tsunamis may cause damage after earthquakes

Ground Shaking and Foundation Failure

• Waves set in motion by earthquakes similar to the way a bell vibrates when struck

• Largest vibrations are side to side and cause buildings to collapse

Liquefaction

• Occurs when loose soil behaves like a liquid and causes the foundations of building to collapse. – What kind of waves? Be specific.

• Liquefaction• animation of seattle harbour distruction

Aftershocks

• Smaller earthquakes after initial earthquake and further damages buildings

Tsunamis

• Underwater earthquakes and landslides sometimes cause huge ocean waves

• Tectonic Simulation• Sumatra Simulation• Sri Lanka Tsunami 2004

Seismic Gaps

-Plotting earthquake foci from past earthquakes can reveal patterns in seismic activity.

-Gaps may reveal places where stresses build.

See Page 226