Chapter 10: Population Dynamics

13

A B

C D

12

Chapter 10: Population Dynamics

E

Nt = Noertt

Nt = No

1 2

3

4

Consequences? Why?

Sea Lamprey Invasion

1

Sea Lamprey Invasion

Lamprey and Lake Trout Populations

http://www.nature.com/nchembio/journal/v1/n6/images/nchembio1105-316-F1.gif

5 Chinch Bug (Blissus leucopterus)

6

Fig. 14-10 in Ricklefs 2000

Populations are Dynamic!!

7

8

9

b

d

DISPERSAL

i - immigration

e - emmigration

10

=N f (b, d, i, e)

Fig. 10.2 in Molles 2006

“The Wild, Wacky World of Dispersal”

Dispersal: Drift

Dispersal: Drift

Fremont Cottonwood

Dispersal: Animal Vectors

4

5

5

Dispersal: Explosive7

Zygomycete Fungus: Pilobolus

8

1112

Dispersal: Natal

Measuring Dispersal Rates22

23

24

2

Measuring Dispersal Rates26

27

28

Expanding Populations(Anthropogenic Factors)

12

European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)

European Honeybee

African Honeybee Queen

Hybrid: Africanized Honey Bee

Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors)

Fig. 10.1 in Molles 2006

Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors)

Africanized Honey Bee

Green Alga Pest: Caulerpa

Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors)

Jacques Cousteau Institue (Monaco)

Expanding Populations (Anthrogenic Factors)

Expanding Populations: Anthropogenic Factors

2Eurasian Collared Dove:

Introduction into Bahamas: mid-1970s

Fig. 10.3 in Molles 2006

Expanding Populations (NON-Anthropogenic Factors)

Eurasian Collared Dove:Spread into Europe from Turkey after 1900

10

11 12

Expanding Populations: Non-Anthropogenic Factors

Mechanism: Natal Dispersal

Fig. 10.5 in Molles 2006

Rates of Expansion

Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)

13

Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)

14

Dispersal in Response to Climate Change

~ 20,000 Years Ago

Fig. 10.6 in Molles 2006

Dispersal in Response to Climate Change

Voles (Microtis sp.)European Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)

DISPERSAL: Response to Short-Term Changes in Food Abundance

Fig. 10.7 in Molles 2006

NUMERICAL RESPONSEChange in Predator Population Density In Response to Prey Population Density

1516

Increased Reproduction Increased Dispersal

NUMERICAL RESPONSE MECHANISM:

OR

18

Metapopulation

19

(Subpopulations living on Habitat Patches connected by Exchange of Individuals among Patches)

Rocky Mountain Parnassian Butterfly(Parnassius smintheus)

20

18

Alpine Meadow Habitat

Patch Size and Population Density

22

Fig. 10.11 in Molles 2006

Metapopulations and Conservation Management

1 http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/petromyzon_marinus5.JPG

2 http://flickr.com/photos/clbrannan/434745581/&usg=__TO6bcIHgjW65pqa XDwW_0acrf2Y=&h=375&w=500&sz=95&hl=en&start=20&tbnid=ohqI0mQF-Py3IM:&tbnh=98&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dturtle%2Bnotched%2Bshell%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG

3 http://www.tiem.utk.edu/~mmfuller/WebDocs/HTMLfiles/collared-dove.html&usg=__TAlqcRFEO2Ln-BJiQeXqY7S6q-w=&h=629&w=579&sz=140&hl=en&start=29&um=1&tbnid=-4in4-eY61RRpM:&tbnh=137&tbnw=126&prev=/images%3Fq%3Deurasian%2Bcollared%2Bdistribution%2Bunited%2Bstates%26start%3D20%26ndsp%3D20%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN

4 http://parish-wildlife.org.uk/images/Pictures/Visits/Bealsmill/fox%20poo.jpg

5 http://www.ontariowildflower.com/images/common_burdock_seed.jpg

6 http://www.finchester.org/dogs/dog_diary/uploaded_images/CRW_3865BurInFur_cn-797464.jpg

7 http://io.uwinnipeg.ca/~simmons/16cm05/1116/31-08-Pilobolus.jpg

8 http://bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au/Mycology/images/Topics/Animal_Interactions/ Pilobolus2.jpg

9 http://fungalgenomes.org/blog/wpcontent/uploads/2008/09/pone-03-09-moneycut.jpg

10 http://www.hamiltonnature.org/birds/images/CollaredDove1.jpg

11 http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3122/3122330699_0bb43a42c0.jpg

12 http://www.le.ac.uk/ge/genie/vgec/images/bacteria.jpg

13 http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/42906000/jpg/_42906379_6.jpg