Chapter 10-Part 7 Dred Scott, Lincolns Debates and the Raid

7/31/2019 Chapter 10-Part 7 Dred Scott, Lincolns Debates and the Raid

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Presidential Election of 1856 Democratic National Convention held in

Cincinnati, Ohio

Delegates passed over Pierce and Douglas becauseof their involvement with Kansas

Nominated James Buchanan (PA)

Had been out of the country as foreign minister to

Great Britain No ties to Kansas

No abolitionist leanings to offend the South


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Presidential Election of 1856 Republicans chose John C. Fremont

Free Speech, Free Press, Free Soil, Free Men,Fremont

Supported by northern Know-Nothings

Southern Know-Nothings nominated Millard

Fillmore


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Presidential Election of 1856 Buchanans major support came from the

South where he won every state exceptMaryland

Buchanan won the electoral vote 174 to 114

Republicans were happy with their popularreturns- 1,339,932 to Buchanans 1,832,955

Began looking forward to the Election of 1860


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Dred Scott vs. Sanford, 1857 Slave Dred Scott sued for his freedom in a

Missouri court

His owner had taken him to Illinois andMinnesota (free states) Using this as the basis for his freedom, he sued

Initially won in the lower court decision

Appealed to a higher Missouri court whichoverturned the decision

Finally appealed all the way to the SupremeCourt


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Dred Scott Decision, 1857 Scott lost the decision 7 to 2

Chief Justice Roger B. Taney handed down this

decision Dred Scott was not a citizen of Missouri and

therefore could not use their courts to sue Blacks were not citizens of the US

Missouri Compromise was deemedunconstitutional Eliminates the 36th parallel and seemingly opens all of the

new territories to slavery


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The Lecompton ConstitutionNovember 1857- Creation of the

Lecompton Constitution

Proslavery constitution for KansasAntislavery forces refused to vote

State legislature sent it to President

Buchanan who accepted it and sent it toCongress


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The Lecompton Constitution Stephen A. Douglas breaks from President

Buchanan on this issue

Stakes his political reputation on PopularSovereignty instead of siding with theproslavery Democrats

Stephen A. Douglas held up the admittance of

Kansas until the Southern Congressmenwithdrew at the start of the Civil War

Kansas was admitted on January 29, 1861 as afree state


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Lincoln vs. Douglas 1858- Stephen A. Douglas sought to

maintain his seat in the Senate and

returned to Illinois to get itRepublican opponent was Abraham

Lincoln

Served four terms in state legislature, oncein Congress, and once tried for the Senatebefore this


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Lincoln-Douglas DebatesLincoln challenged Douglas to a series of

debates and Douglas accepted

Douglas held true to PopularSovereigntyLincoln promoted

Antislavery territories in the West

He did not want to eliminate slavery inthose states that already existed Denounced the Dred Scott Decision as a

Southern conspiracy


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Lincoln vs. Douglas Douglas won by 8 votes in the Illinois

legislature

Popular Sovereignty made him many enemiesin the South

Results in hurting him during the presidentialelection of 1860 as southerners would oppose his

nomination for president on the Democratic ticketAbraham Lincoln made a name for himself

which propelled him to the presidency in 1860


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John Browns Raid, 1859Abolitionist who led the Pottawatomie

massacre in Kansas

New plan was to invade the South, arm theslaves, and let them fight for their ownfreedom

October 1859- John Brown and 18 followersseized the US arsenal at Harpers Ferry,

Virginia

Attacked nearby plantations and freed 30people who they then led back to the arsenal


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John Browns Raid, 1859 US Marines arrived under the command of

Colonel Robert E. Lee to put down therebellion

Brown and his followers were captured (thosewho had not been killed), tried, and hanged

Became a major event that made theSoutherners feel like the northernabolitionists were plotting to overthrowslavery through violence and bloodshed

Documents

Chapter 10-Part 7 Dred Scott, Lincolns Debates and the Raid