Chapter 10Nutritionfor Health

Lesson 2Nutrients for Wellness

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carbohydratesSugars and starches that occur in foods, mainly in plants

The part of fruit, vegetables, grains, and beans that your body cannot digest

fiber

Nutrients your body uses to build, repair, and maintain cells and tissues

proteins

Fats that are solid at room temperature saturated

fats

unsaturatedfats

Fats that remain liquid at room temperature

Substances that help your body fight infections and use other nutrients, among other jobs

vitamins

Elements that help form healthy bones and teeth, and regulate certain body processes

minerals

In this lesson, you will learn to

identify the six major classes of nutrients.

explain specific ways your body uses nutrients.

Organizing Information

Make a diagram similar to the one on below. Include a box for

each nutrient and foods that are sources of that nutrient.

Carbohydrates Protein

Food Sources

Nutrients and Nutrition

Six Groups of Nutrients

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Fats

Vitamins

Minerals

Water

Carbohydrates

There are two kinds of carbohydrates: simple and complex.

carbohydrates Sugars and starches that occur naturally in foods, mainly in plants

Carbohydrates

All carbohydrates are made of sugar molecules.

Simple carbohydrates Complex carbohydrates

Molecules remain separateMolecules form long chains.

Also knows as starches.

Fruits, vegetables, milk, milk products

Grains, dried beans, and starchy vegetables such as potatoes

Half to two-thirds of your daily energy should come from carbohydrates.

Fiber

Fiber is a special type of complex carbohydrate found in raw fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

fiber The parts of fruit, vegetables, grains, and beans that your body cannot digest

Eating high-fiber foods can help reduce your risk of certain types of cancer and heart disease.

Proteins

Proteins are made up of chemical building blocks called amino acids.

proteins Nutrients your body uses to build, repair, and maintain cells and tissues

Proteins also play an important role in fighting disease because parts of your immune system are made of proteins.

Proteins

Proteins

Complete Proteins Plant Proteins

Contain all nine of the essential amino acids

Lack one or more of the nine essential amino acids

Beef, pork, veal, fish,poultry, eggs, most dairy products Nuts peas, and dried beans

Fats

Eating too many foods containing saturated fats can increase your risk of heart disease.

saturated fats Fats that are solid at room temperature

Fats

Most of the fats in your diet should be unsaturated fats.

unsaturated fats Fats that remain liquid at room temperature

Fats

Fats

Saturated Fats Unsaturated Fats

Butter, cheese, fatty meatsPlant foods such as olive oil, nuts

and avocados

Cholesterol

Cholesterol is a fatty substance found in the blood.

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) HDL (high-density lipoprotein)

Collects on the walls of arteries and forms plaque

Removes LDL from the arteries

Known as “bad cholesterol” Known as “good cholesterol”

Eating too much saturated fat can increase the body’s level of cholesterol.

Vitamins and Minerals

Vitamins and minerals are essential to your body’s health.

vitamins Substances that help your body fight infections and use other nutrients, among other jobs

minerals Elements that help form healthy bones and teeth, and regulate certain body processes

Vitamins and Minerals

Vitamins

Water-Soluble Fat-Soluble

Not stored in the body Stored in the body

Must be consumed regularlyStored in the body’s fat until they

are needed.

The best way to get vitamins and minerals is to choose nutritious foods.

Water

Water

Helps digest and absorb food.

Regulates body temperature and blood circulation.

Carries nutrients and oxygen to cells.

Removes toxins and other wastes.

Cushions joints.

Protects tissues and organs from shock and damage.

Water

Dehydration is a lack of water in the body.

You need to replace the water your body loses by drinking at least eight 8-ounce cups of fluid each day.

What I Learned

Vocabulary What is fiber? What function does it have in the body?

Lesson 2 Review

What I Learned

List Name the six major classes of nutrients.

Lesson 2 Review

What I Learned

Identify Name some sources of complete proteins.

Lesson 2 Review

Thinking Critically

Apply Make a list of the foods you have eaten today. Identify which nutrients can be found in each food. Are there any nutrient groups that you have left out?

Lesson 2 Review

Thinking Critically

Hypothesize How can the food you choose to eat today affect your health in the future?

Lesson 2 Review

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Chapter 10Nutritionfor Health

Lesson 2Nutrients for Wellness