CHAPTER 10

The Sun

atmosphere

The Sun sends short wave energy down to heat the earth

Some of the energy is returned to space as long wave energy

However, some of this long wave energy gets trapped by the gases in atmosphere….

The atmosphere heats up….

Greenhouse effect……global warming

sun

earth

atmosphere

The Greenhouse Effect

HumanActivities

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon Dioxide

CFC’s

Methane

HumanActivities

Human Activities and Global Warming

1.Humans burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, gas etc increase the amount of Carbon Dioxide into the atmosphere.

2.Humans cut down trees (deforestation) which leads to an increase of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere.

3.Humans are disposing of more and more household waste which slowly breaks down releasing Methane into the atmosphere.

4. Greenhouse gases such as CFC’s are used in the making and using of Fridge Freezers.

1952

2006

Name and briefly explain three effects of global warming?

Name and briefly explain three things we can do to prevent global warming?

Unequal heating of the earth

Different temperatures around the world

equator

North Pole

South Pole

Temperatures and Latitude

sun

Direct sunrays

Slanted sunrays

0◦

90◦

90◦

Coordinates: 52°20′03″N 6°27′27″W

Sun: Mini Test1. What is the atmosphere?2. Where is the atmosphere?3. Name 4 main gases in the atmosphere?4. What type of sun ray does the sun send to earth?5. And what type of sun ray returns to space?6. Where does some heat get trapped?7. What is The Greenhouse Effect?8. If heat builds up what problem might happen?9. List 4 human activities that release gases into the

atmosphere?10.What does the word ‘Latitude’ mean?11.Where are the highest temperatures in the world?

Why?12.Where are the lowest temperatures in the world?

Why?

Wind

Wind is moving air.

Air is moving gases.

Gases…wind…moves because the earth is unequally heated.

This means that there are warmer parts of the world (equator, low latitudes) and colder parts (poles, high latitudes).

Because of the different temperatures around the world there is warm wind and cold wind.

Winds of the earth are constantly moving.

Air has weight……….this is called ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE

The winds of the earth move at an angle because the earth is tilted on its axis and

rotates at an angle.

Low pressure (doldrums)

High pressure (horse latitudes)

High pressure (horse latitudes)

Low pressure (polar winds)

Wind: Mini Test

1. What is wind?2. How/Why does the wind move?3. What is the correct name for the weight of air?4. Name the two types of air.5. Give a description of each and the pressure each

produces.6. What do you call the winds of the earth?7. What is the Coriolis Force?8. What is the main type of wind (direction) that blows

over Ireland?9. On which direction axis does the earth rotate?

1. Wind is moving air (gases).

2. Wind moves due to unequal heating of the earth and the earth

rotates.

3. The weight of air is Atmospheric Pressure.

4. Two types of air are Warm Air and Cold Air.

5. Warm air is Light and causes Low Pressure. Cold Air is dense

and causes High Pressure.

6. The winds of the earth are the Prevailing Winds.

7. The winds of the earth move at an angle because the earth

rotates at an angle.

8. The main winds that blow over Ireland are the South Westerlies.

9. The earth rotates on its axis from west to east.

The Ocean Currents

Ocean Currents1) What are Ocean Currents?2) Two types of ocean current?3) Why are ocean currents different?4) Name four main ocean currents? (two warm,

two cold)5) What causes ocean currents?6) Three effects of warm currents?7) Three effects of cold currents?

1) Ocean currents are large areas of moving water in the worlds oceans.

2) There are warm currents and cold currents.3) Warm currents begin in warm areas such as the

equator (low latitudes) while cold currents begin in cold areas near the poles (high latitudes).

4) Two main cold currents are the Labrador Current and the Canaries currents. Two main warm currents are the North Atlantic Drift and the North Equatorial currents.

5) Ocean currents are caused by the unequal heating of the earth which causes warm and cold waters to move around the earth.

6) Three effects of warm currents are: Higher air temperatures, ice-free harbours and warmer waters.

7) Three effects of cold currents are: Lower air temperatures, ice in harbours and lower water temperatures.