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Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.1
CHAPTER - 1
INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION
MM//ss.. SSwwaassttiikk LLaammiinnaatteess is proposed unit** which intends to manufacture Resins
(Phenol Formaldehyde, Melamine Formaldehyde & Urea Formaldehyde) at Survey
no. 203/15, B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar, N.H. Road, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal,
District: Rajkot, Gujarat-360311 for their own consumption for making laminated
sheets and for sale purpose. Production details are given below;
(note **: It may be noted that M/s. Swastik Laminates is an existing industry which
nowadays manufacturing laminated sheets & proposed to manufacture P. F. Resin, M. F.
Resin & U. F. Resin within the project premises.)
Table 1.1: Details of Proposed Product
Sr. No.
Name of Product
Capacity per
Month
Chemical name of product
CAS Numb
er
End use of the products
1. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin
300 MT 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol
9033- 35-4
Used as a bonding agent in the production of insulation, plywood, and other building materials; Phenol Formaldehyde used in moulded products to make automotive parts, electrical components, and laminated surfaces.
2. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin
300 MT
1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine, polymer with formaldehyde
9003- 08-1
Melamine resins are used for the manufacture of kitchenware, laminates, overlay materials, particleboards, and floor tiles. It is also used to crosslink many industrial thermosetting coatings.
3. Urea Formaldehyde Resin
400 MT formaldehyde;
urea 9011- 05-6
Used as a raw material in adhesives and sealant chemicals, Used as an intermediate in manufacturing of agricultural chemicals (non-pesticide), it was commonly used for producing electrical appliances casing (e.g. desk lamps).
Note : Above said proposed products will be used in manufacturing of laminated sheets (2,00,000
Sheets/Month) in M/s. Swastik Laminates & also for sale purpose.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.2
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE EIA REPORT
Industrial development in India has increased economic growth and improved living
standards of people. These growths are achieved through industrialization,
infrastructure development. The industrialization has played a major role in
development of the country. This industrialization has many other benefits. Although
the industrial development leads to rapid consumption of natural resources, fuel etc.
in day to day operational activity. These will deteriorate resources and increase
emissions of waste in terms of solid, liquid and gaseous. To control the pollutions
from industrial activity, government has framed regulations which are governed by
Ministry of Environment and Forest in India.
It may be noted that our principal product is Laminated Sheets and the
manufacturing of Laminated Sheets does not invite the requirement of obtaining
Environmental Clearance from the MoEF & CC, New Delhi. However, Intermediate
Products (Resins) namely Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde
Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin (being synthetic organic chemicals) which are to
be manufactured falls under Category 5(f) as stated in Environment Impact
Assessment Notification Published on 14th September, 2006. Further, the location of
proposed project is outside the notified industrial estate and not fall in Small Scale
Industrial Unit criteria as per the Notification dated 25th June 2014. Hence, project
proponent has to obtain the Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of
Environment & Forests & Climate Change, New Delhi. Furthermore our entire project
i.e. Laminated Sheets manufacturing plant as well as Resin manufacturing plant are
going to be established within the same premises and will utilise common
utilities/facilities. It was due to this fact that an application was made to MoEF&CC,
New Delhi for obtaining the related Environmental Clearance including Laminated
Sheets as a part of the proposal.
As per requirements of the notification, an application was submitted to MoEF&CC
on 24-03-2017 along with Form-1, PFR and draft TOR. The proposal was considered
by the MoEF&CC, New Delhi in 23rd EAC meeting organized on 3rd May 2017. In the
EAC meeting, MoEF & CC committee members had granted to use Baseline data of
M/s. Multiply INC. Subsequently the Committee has issued the TOR wide letter No. J-
11011/207/2017-IA II (I) dated 30th May, 2017. Based on the TOR points issued by
MoEF, a Draft Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared
covering all aspects of the TOR.
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS WITH DETAILS
Form-1/PFR Submission MoEF&CC 24th
March, 2017
TOR Presentation, MOEF&CC, New Delhi (23rd
EAC Meeting) 3rd
May 2017
TOR copy received 30th
May, 2017
Letter No. of TOR J-11011/207/2017-IA II (I)
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.3
The purpose of the preparation of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report is
not only to obtain Environment Clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forests &
Climate change, Govt. of India, New Delhi and State Pollution Control Board, but also
to understand the likely impacts and to take Environment Protection measures
during and after commissioning of the project along with the end of the life of the
project.
1.3 PROMOTERS AND THEIR BACK GROUND
Sr. No.
Name Address Age Education Experience
1
Pradeepbhai Suva
– Partner
(9725119980) C/o, D. K. Suva, Opp. Kerala
Public School, Vijli Road,
Upleta – 360490, Rajkot.
27 yrs M. Pharm
3 years in
laminated
sheets mfg.
2
Yogeshbhai Suva –
Partner
(9904545550)
25 yrs B. E.
Mechanical
2 years in
laminated
sheets mfg.
1.4 NEED OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY
The cost of proposed Resin unit is approximately Rs. 1.25 Crore. Proposed unit will
manufacture synthetic organic resins namely Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine
Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin with total production of 1000
MT/Month which will be utilized for captive consumption for making laminated
sheets as well as for sale purposes.
Phenolic resin is found in many of the industrial products. Phenolic laminates are
made by impregnating one or more layers of a base material such as
paper, fiberglass or cotton with phenolic resin and laminating the resin-saturated
base material under heat and pressure.
Melamine resin is a hard, thermosetting plastic material made from melamine and
formaldehyde by polymerization. It is then used to cross-link with alkyd, epoxy,
acrylic, and polyester resins, used in surface coatings. Melamine resin is often used
to saturate decorative paper that is laminated under heat and pressure and then
pasted onto particle board; the resulting panel is often called melamine and
commonly used in ready-to-assemble furniture and kitchen cabinets
Urea Formaldehyde is used in many manufacturing processes like decorative
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.4
laminates, textiles, paper, foundry sand molds, wrinkle resistant fabrics, cotton
blends, rayon due to its useful properties. It is also used to glue wood together. Urea
formaldehyde was commonly used when producing electrical appliances casing.
In India, good quality raw materials are available at cheap rates, enabling the
manufacturing at low cost. This increases the profit margin as compared to other
players in the world. To meet the current and future market demand, the project
proponent intends to start a new unit.
The proposed project will contribute revenue to the Central & State exchequer in the
form of GST for inter-state movement, corporate taxes etc. Indirect contribution to
the Central & State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of
trucks, payment of road tax, income tax from individual as well as taxes from
associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying
different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in
developing the area. Demand of the products in foreign market is also significant,
which will boost the export potential of the company as well as country. Export
oriented units plays vital role in development of economy as well as local physical
infrastructure for further boosting of industrial development with sustainable
approach as the industries need to maintain good environment & safety condition to
get better foreign market.
1.5 LOCATION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT AND SITING CRITERIA
The proposed site is located at Survey No.: 203/15, B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar, N.H.
Road, Village : Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District : Rajkot - 360311, Gujarat.
Fig.: 1.1 Location of the Project site
The project site is in proximity of Rajkot District of Gujarat State and Project proponent is
very well familiar with the surrounding environment & laminate sheet & resin production;
Node Latitude Longitude
A 22° 3’ 45.74” N 70° 46’ 28.85” E
B 22° 3’ 48.35” N 70° 46’ 28.53” E
C 22° 3’ 46.76” N 70° 46’ 24.04” E
D 22° 3’ 43.67” N 70° 46’ 25.43” E
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.5
Therefore, it becomes easy for the unit to set up the project on the above said location. The
proposed unit, apart from generating direct and indirect employment and various business
opportunities, it will bring an overall up-liftment of the area and will ultimately result in
complete socio-economic and infrastructure development. The other features are briefly
summarized hereunder:
Availability of adequate land of 9942 M2.
Availability of all basic facilities like infrastructure, communication, transportation,
medical facilities, fuel, water, power, unskilled & skilled manpower, raw materials,
road network etc.
Proximity of market;
Nearest city Rajkot is 20.18 km away from the project site and very well connected
with other parts of the country by road & rail;
Proximity to availability of raw materials, consumer centers and infrastructure
facilities like power, water, communication
No R & R will be required;
No national park or wildlife Habitats falls within 10 km radial distance from project
site.
The location of project is best suited to start the proposed activities. So no alternative for
site is analyzed
The sitting criteria as per the guidelines are given in the following table;
Table 1.2: Sitting Criteria
Details Requirement Compliance
Forest No forest land shall be converted
into non-forest activity for the
sustenance of the industry (Ref:
Forest Conservation Act, 1980).
No forest land is involved in the
proposed project site
Agricultural land No prime agricultural land shall be
converted into industrial site.
Proposed project site is utilizing
for manufacturing laminated
sheets. NA permission is
procured for the proposed
project. It is attached as
Annexure – C.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.6
Details Requirement Compliance
Layout Enough space should be provided
for storage area, plant area,
greenbelt area, Utilities, Raw
material storage, Fly ash, other
storage like solid wastes so that
these could be available for
possible reuse.
The total acquired land is 9942
m2. Enough space will be
provided according to the
requirement. This can be verified
from the Lay-out given in
Chapter-2.
Major settlements
(3,00,000
population):
At the time of siting of the industry, if the notified limit of any major settlement is found to be within 50 km from the project boundary, the spatial direction of growth of the settlement for at least a decade must be assessed.
Nearest Major habitation is
Rajkot which is about 20.18 km
far from the project site in N
direction
Ecologically /
Sensitive zones
Preferably 5 km depending on the
geo-climatic conditions the
requisite distance may be decided
appropriately by the
Environmental agency.
No any Ecologically / Sensitive
zone is observed within 10 km
radius of the project site.
Transport/
Communication
System
Preferably 0.5 km. away from
highway and railway line.
National Highway 27 is at 0.87
km distance from the project
site in E direction.
State highway 233 is at 4.84 km
distance from the project site in
ENE direction.
Ribda railway station is 7.46 km
in NNE direction from the
project site.
Ardoi Bus stop is 4.83 km in ENE
direction from the project site.
Coastal areas Preferably ½ km away from high tide line (HTL).
NA
Flood plain of the
river line system
Preferably ½ km away from flood
plain or modified flood plain
affected by dam in upstream or
flood control system.
Jasuki River is @ 3.25 Km in ESE
direction from the project site.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.7
1.6 SCOPE OF EIA STUDY
The scope of the EIA study is based on the guideline provided by Ministry of Environment,
Forests & Climate Change (MoEF & CC), Government of India for structure of environmental
impact assessment document. The scope of the study broadly includes:
Field sampling of environmental attributes at various representative locations in the
study area to establish the baseline status.
Collect, compile & assess secondary data including socioeconomic data.
Identification, assessment and evaluation of the beneficial and adverse impacts on
surrounding environment due to proposed project activities considering the existing
baseline status along with compilation of other information.
Analysis of project proposal and data analysis.
Assessment of pollution potential due to proposed project.
Predict the incremental levels of pollutants in the study area due to the proposed
project.
Evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes by using
scientifically developed and widely accepted models.
Identification and assessment of risks associated with the proposed project and their
appropriate management through proper Risk Assessment (RA) and Disaster
Management Plan (DMP).
Prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the predicted
impacts.
Identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored during the
project execution and to suggest post project monitoring.
As per the guidelines, the Generic structure of EIA is given in EIA notification dated 14th
September, 2006 and subsequent amendments are maintained. The scope of baseline
environment study based on MoEF / CPCB guidelines is tabulated below;
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.8
Table 1.3: Scope of the Study
Environmental
Attributes
No. of
Locations Observations
Meteorology 1 Hourly observations for Temperature, Relative
Humidity, Wind direction, wind speed & Rain fall
during 3 month study period using Automatic
Weather Station at project site.
AAQ 8 AAQ parameters PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO and VOC
have been monitored.
Water 15 Surface water samples were collected from
vachhapari nadi, vachhapari talav, jasuki nadi, very
talav, champawadi nadi, gondli nadi (upstream) &
gondli nadi (downstream). Ground water samples
were collected from 8 locations including project site.
Samples have been analyzed for Parameters as per IS:
10500.
Noise 8 Day and night noise levels was measured once at each
location
Soil 8 Soil samples were taken from all the location and
have been analyzed for pH, EC & other parameters
Ecology Flora-Fauna &
Ecosystem
Major flora was enumerated and the possibility
habitation for important species in the site. Fauna was
listed based on the secondary information.
Socio-economic
data
Demography &
Occupational
details
Secondary data for demography, Occupation, literacy
and amenities have been considered for villages fall in
the 10 km study area from the project site and the
data has been taken from Census 2011 & Census 2001
1.7 REGULATORY FRAME WORK
The proposed project is of synthetic organic manufacturing unit; hence the regulatory
framework related with the hazardous or toxic chemicals as well as regulatory provision of
risk, emergency & safety management are applicable to the proposed project. The
regulatory provision related with hazardous material handling, manufacturing, storage &
transportation are also applicable to the proposed project. The unit will have potential of
pollution and also attracts the provisions of EIA notifications 2006- SO 1533 (as amended).
Thus, the proposed project may be required to comply with many regulatory provisions.
The proponent shall follow the regulatory frame work as listed below and additional
applicable provision shall also be referred timely as cited as mandatory provision for
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.9
proposed project. In any case, proponent shall comply with the regulatory provision as
directed through particular regulatory provision. The major regulatory provisions applicable
to the existing & proposed project are tabulated as under.
Sr. Legal Instrument (Type, Ref., Year) Concern Authority or Bodies
1 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981 amended 1987
CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC
2 Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974 amended 1988
CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC
3 Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Rules, 1975
CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC
4 The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986,
amended 1991 & Environmental
(Protection) Rules, 1986 (Amendments in
1999, 2001,2002, 2002, 2002, 2003, 2004)
Ministry of Environment and Forests, &
Climate Change, CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC.
5 Hazardous Waste (Management and
Handling) Rules, 1989 amended 2000,
2003and 2008
MoEF & CC , CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, DGFT, Port
Authority and Customs Authority
6 Manufacture Storage and Import of
Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989
amended 2000
Ministry of Environment & Forests &Climate
Change, Chief Controller of Imports and
Exports, CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, Chief Inspector
of Factories, Chief Inspector of Dock Safety,
Chief Inspector of Mines, AERB, Chief
Controller of Explosives, District Collector or
District Emergency
Authority, CEES under DRDO
7 Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning,
Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996
CCG, SCG, DCG, LCG and MAH
Units
8 EIA Notification, 2006 as amended timely
(2009, 2011)
MoEF, SPCB/UTPCC
9 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
amended 1992 & Public Liability Insurance
Rules, 1991amended 1993
Ministry of Environment & Forests, District
Collector
10 Factories Act, 1948 Ministry of Labour, DGFASLI and Directorate
of Industrial Safety and Health/Factories
Inspectorate
11 The Explosive Act ,1884 Ministry of Commerce and Industry
(Department of Explosives)
12 Chemical Accident (Emergency Planning,
Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996
Ministry of Environment & Forests &Climate
Change, Chief Controller of
Imports and Exports, CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC,
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited
Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.10
Chief Inspector of Factories, Chief Inspector
of Dock Safety, Chief Inspector of Mines,
AERB, Chief Controller of Explosives, District
Collector or District Emergency
Authority, CEES under DRDO.
13 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control)
Rules, 2000 and its amendments
CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC
T. R. Associates was appointed by M/s. Swastik Laminates to carry out the Environmental
Impact Assessment study for their proposed Green Field project.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.1
CHAPTER - 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
22..11 PREAMBLE
MMM///sss... SSSWWWAAASSSTTTIIIKKK LLLAAAMMMIIINNNAAATTTEEESSS is a proposed unit which is located at Survey no. 203/15,
B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar, N.H. Road, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District:
Rajkot, Gujarat-360311. Resin will be used for manufacturing laminated sheet and
sale purpose. Proposed production of resins will be to the tune of 1000 MT/Month
(Phenol Formaldehyde – 300 MT/M, Melamine Formaldehyde – 300 MT/M & Urea
Formaldehyde resin – 400 MT/M).
The proposed project is a unit which proposes to manufacture products covered
under Category 5(f) ‘A’ as per new EIA Notification of Ministry of Environment &
Forest & Climate Change (MoEF & CC) dated 14/09/2006 & their amendment.
22..22 SITE HISTORY
Earlier our project site was utilized for Agricultural purpose since so many years.
Mugfali was cultivated on this project site. NA was already obtained for this project
site. So the project site is totally non-agricultural. Land documents like Dastavej copy
with NA permission are attached as Annexure – C.
2.3 PROJECT LOCATION
Proposed project site is located at Survey no. 203/15, B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar,
N.H. Road, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat-360311. GPS
coordinates of the site is situated at Latitude: 22° 3' 45.74" N and Longitude: 70° 46'
28.85" E. Nearest major city is Rajkot which is about 20.18 km far from the project
site in N direction. National Highway 27 is about 0.87 km from the project site in E
direction.
The index map is given in Figure 2.1. Google map showing surrounding area in 10
km, 5 km & 1 km radius from project site is given in Figure 2.2. Google image &
topomap showing proposed project site is given as Figure 2.3 A & Figure 2.3 B
respectively.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.2
Figure 2.1: Index Map
India map Gujarat Map
Rajkot District map Google Image showing project site
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.3
Figure 2.2: Google Image showing surrounding 1,5,10 Km radius area from the Proposed
Project Site
Imagery date : 7/2/2017, Source : Google Earth
No. Location Distance (km)
Direction Co-ordinates
1 Nearest National Highway NH 27 0.87 E 22°3'47.81"N 70°46'59.20"E
2 Nearest Village – Bhunava 0.82 SW 22°3'24.39"N 70°46'7.62"E
3 Nearest River – Jasuki River 3.25 ESE 22°3'27.99"N 70°48'20.19"E
4 Nearest State Highway SH 233 4.84 ENE 22°5'17.83"N 70°48'43.93"E
5 Nearest Lake - Veri Lake 7.23 SSE 22°0'19.45"N 70°48'28.23"E
6 Nearest Railway Station – Ribda Village
7.46 NNE 22°7'33.16"N 70°48'5.13"E
7 Nearest Airport - Rajkot 27.33 N 22°18'31.13"N 70°46'43.84"E
8 Nearest Reserved Forest - Rampara
49.97 NE 22°28'30.62"N 70°58'21.04"E
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.4
Figure 2.3 A: Google Image showing Proposed Project Site
Point Latitude Longitude
A 22° 3’ 45.74” N 70° 46’ 28.85” E
B 22° 3’ 48.35” N 70° 46’ 28.53” E
C 22° 3’ 46.76” N 70° 46’ 24.04” E
D 22° 3’ 43.67” N 70° 46’ 25.43” E
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.5
Figure 2.3 B: TOPO Map showing Proposed Project Site
Source: Survey of India Topomap
Swastik
Laminates
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.6
2.3.1 Photographs of Proposed Project Site
First meeting of Associate EIA - Coordinator is done at the project site. Site visit
photograph is given below:
Latitude : 22° 3' 45.74" N
Longitude : 70° 46' 28.85" E
Visit date : 24-3-2017, Associate EIA Co-Ordinator – Hiral Shah
Fig. 1.1 Photograph of the project site & site visit of Team Member - Hiral Shah
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.7
2.3.2 Justification of Site Selection
Proposed unit is to be located at Bhunava Village, in Gondal Taluka and site
selection was guided by many factors like infrastructure, availability of land, water
sources, fuel, transportation, power availability etc. Specific site selection criteria
for the proposed project are given below;
The project site is highly developed with all basic infrastructure facilities such
as proximity to man power, electricity, water supply, transportation,
telecommunication systems etc. as well development of many different types
of industries in area.
Proposed project site is only 0.87 km away from National Highway 27 & 4.84
km away from State Highway 233 which is well connected to Ahmedabad and
rest of India. It is shown in Figure 2.4.
Figure: 2.4 – Google Image Showing N.H & S.H. Distance From The Project Site.
The project site is intended for the industrial purpose and thus no displacement of
population will take place.
This proximity facilitates the import of raw materials as well export of the finished
products.
There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) &
Eco-sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act-
1986 exists within 10 Km radius areas from the project site.
Availability of trained and skilled manpower nearby because of the proximity to
various industrial areas and village & city. Nearby industries are shown here.
S.H. 233 –
4.84 Km ENE
N.H. 27 –
0.87 Km E
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.8
Table 2.0 : Nearby Industries within 10 km radius area
Sr. No. Name Of The Industry Manufacturing Activity
1 Shaktiman Rotameter
2 Kelvin Plastic PVC Pipes
3 Shree Ram Proteins Food oil refinery
4 Pan Agri Export Agricultural products
5 Everest Technoplast Iron Casting
6 Hi-Sein Industries --
7 Big Fly Hygiene Products --
8 Cosmos Technocast Casting
9 Synnova Gears & Transmission Gears
10 Sunrise Hygiene Flours Different type of flour
11 Ravi Technoforge CI Casting
12 Bhakti Plastics PVC items
13 Tirupati Forge Forging
14 Hilton Valves Valves
15 R. M. Engineering Engineering items
16 Global Refinery Oil refinery
17 Pentagon Forge & Machine Forging
18 Nikee Precision Casting
19 Fengal Crop Science Seeds
20 Jyoti Green Energy --
21 Fusin Pumps Pumps
22 Khedut Irrigation PVC
23 Balaji Plaster Of Paris Plaster of Paris
24 Bluestone Inorganics Inorganic chemicals
25 Yogi Industries Steel
26 Multiply INC. Laminate sheet
2.4 Salient features of the Proposed Project Site
Salient features in the surroundings area of the proposed site as well as infrastructure
availability with approximate aerial distance and direction are as given below:
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Table 2.1: Salient Features of the Proposed Project Site
Sr.
No. Important Features Description
1 Location of Proposed Project Survey no. 203/15, B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar, N.H.
Road, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District:
Rajkot, Gujarat-360311.
2 Residential address C/o, D. K. Suva, Opp. Kerala Public School, Vijli Road,
Upleta – 360490, Rajkot.
3 Partner details Mr. Pradeepbhai Suva (Partner)
Contact No. 9725119980
Mr. Yogeshbhai Suva (Partner)
Contact No. 9904545550
4 GPS Coordinates Node Latitude Longitude
A 22° 3’ 45.74” N 70° 46’ 28.85” E
B 22° 3’ 48.35” N 70° 46’ 28.53” E
C 22° 3’ 46.76” N 70° 46’ 24.04” E
D 22° 3’ 43.67” N 70° 46’ 25.43” E
5 MSL 174 m
6 Temperature range 9 C to 39 C
7 Annual Rain fall (30 yrs. Avg.) 627 mm
8 Nearest power station Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Limited (PGVCL)
9 Nearest Road NH 27 @ 0.87 Km in E
10 Nearest Railway station Ribda Railway Station @ 7.46 Km in NNE direction
11 Nearest Air Port Rajkot Airport @ 27.33 Km in N direction
12 Nearest Sea Port Mundra Port @ 138.37 Km in NW direction
13 Nearest Town Rajkot @ 20.18 Km in N direction
14 Nearest Village Bhunava @ 0.82 Km in SW direction
15 National Highway NH 27 @ 0.87 Km in E
16 State Highway SH 233 @ 4.84 Km in ENE
17 Nearest Surface water Body Jasuki Nadi @ 3.25 Km in ESE
18 Seismic Zone Zone-III Moderate Damage Risk Zone
19 National Parks / Sanctuary No any national park / sanctuary / reserve forest is
observed within 10 km radius area.
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2.5 Distance of Critically polluted area & Reserve Forest from the Proposed Project Site
Google map showing distance of critically polluted areas i.e. Rafleshvar GIDC is shown
in Figure 2.5. Google Image showing Distance of Paneli Reserve Forest & Rampara
Reserve Forest from the Proposed Project Site is shown in Figure 2.6.
Figure 2.5: Google Image showing Distance of Critically Polluted Area from the Proposed
Project Site
Imagery date : 2/2/2016, Source : Google Earth
Figure 2.6 : Google Image showing Distance of Reserved Forest from the Proposed Project
Site
Imagery date : 26/12/2016, Source : Google Earth
Rafleshvar GIDC – 24.24
Km
N
N
Paneli R.F. – 85.17 Km NNE
Rampara R.F. – 49.97 Km NE
Swastik Laminates
Swastik
Laminates
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2.6 PROPOSED PROJECT LAND & PLANT LAY-OUT
Proposed project land has been already procured in the month of July 2014. Total available
land area of premises is 9942 m2, out of which 3220 m2 (32.39 %) area will be developed for
greenbelt. 353 m2 area will be developed outside the industrial premises. So total 3573 m2
area will be developed as Green belt. Detailed break-up of land area is given in Table 2.2
and Plant Lay-out is shown in Figure 2.7.
Table 2.2: Area Break-up of Proposed Project Site
Sr. No. Units Area (m2) Area (%)
1 Built Up Area 4744 47.72 %
2 Green belt area 3220 32.39 %
3 Open area 983 9.89 %
4 Road area 995 10.00 %
Total 9942 100 %
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Figure 2.7 : Plant Lay-out
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2.7 CAPITAL COST OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT
Proposed resin manufacturing unit is a Small Scale Unit having total investment of
about Rs. 1.25 Crores. The break-up of the capital cost is given in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3: Cost Break-up of Proposed Project Site
Sr.
No. Particular Cost (INR in Lacs)
1 Land & site development 22.5
2 Building 21
3 Plant & Machineries 29
4 Environment Protection Measures 43
5 Miscellaneous 9.5
Total 125
Time duration for completion of work: Approximately 2-3 months after getting EC. 2.8 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION
Looking to the market demand, unit proposes to manufacture various resins require for
manufacturing of laminated sheets. Manufacturing of laminated sheets does not
require obtaining environmental clearance but manufacturing of synthetic organic
resins require obtaining Environmental Clearance. These resins will be used for captive
consumption as well as for sale purposes. Resin will be sold in domestic market as well
as exported. The convenient transportation medium will be used for the transportation
of products. Details of proposed products are given below in Table 2.4.
Table 2.4: Details of Proposed Products
Sr. No.
Name of Product Batch Details Capacity per
Month Physical
Form Size (Kg) Nos.
1. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 6000 50 300 MT Semi Solid
2. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 3000 100 300 MT Semi Solid
3. Urea Formaldehyde Resin 8000 50 400 MT Semi Solid
Total Resin 1000 MT
4. Laminated Sheets -- -- 2,00,000 Sheets Solid
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2.9 MANUFACTURING PROCESS
Manufacturing process including chemical reaction, mass balance and process flow diagram
is described below;
2.9.1 Phenol Formaldehyde Resin
a. Manufacturing Process
The manufacturing process is summarized below:
Take required quantity of Phenol, Formaldehyde (37%) and Caustic Soda in the
reaction vessel and start steam heating until the temperature reaches at 58 °C to
60 °C.
Temperature will increase up to 90 °C. Once the temperature reaches up to 90
°C then cut the steam supply. Reflux process will be start at this point to achieve
required water tolerance.
After achieving required water tolerance, start cooling to decrease temperature
up to 60 °C. Once the temperature reach at 60 °C stop cooling and start heating
for distillation process for required quantity of resin.
After achieving required amount of resins start cooling to obtain final product.
Final product will be checked for the properties like viscosity, pH, gel time etc.
b. Chemical Reaction
Phenol + Formaldehyde Phenol Formaldehyde resin
+ Caustic
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D. Mass balance
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin (P. F. Resin) 300 MT/Month
Batch Size 6000 Kg
No. Of Reaction vessel 1 --
Working days per Month 25 days
No. of Batches per month 50 Nos.
Batch time 6 Hrs.
Batches per day 2 Nos.
Particular Kg/Batch Kg/Kg of Product
MT/Month MT/day
Input
Phenol 2766.2 0.438 138.31 5.53
Formaldehyde (37%) 3581.0 0.567 179.05 7.16
Caustic 32.0 0.005 1.6 0.064
Total 6379.2 1.01 318.96 12.75
Output
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 6000.0 0.95 300 12
Water 379.2 0.06 18.96 0.75
Total 6379.2 1.01 318.96 12.75
Limped Reaction Vessel
Stirring and heating up to
60 C
Reflux for 30 Minutes
Vacuum Distillation
Cooling
Product: Phenol Formaldehyde Resin
Phenol Formaldehyde 37 % Caustic Flakes
Waste water water Water
c. Process Flow-Diagram
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2.9.2 Melamine Formaldehyde Resin - The manufacturing process is summarized below:
a. Manufacturing Process
First all the raw materials melamine & formaldehyde (37%) will be added in
Limped reaction vessel.
Stirring & heating will be done upto 95 C for 1 Hr.
Cooling down to 40 C.
Finally, check viscosity, tolerance, pH, turbidity etc. to obtain desired product
property.
Melamine Formaldehyde Resin will be ready for use in Laminate sheets as well
as sale purpose.
b. Chemical Reaction
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c. Process Flow Diagram
d. Mass Balance
Melamine Formaldehyde Resin (M. F. Resin) 300 MT/Month
Batch Size 3000 Kg
Nos. Of Reaction vessel 1 --
Working days per Month 25 days
No. of Batches per month 100 Nos.
Batch time 3.0 Hrs.
Batches per day 4 Nos.
Particular Kg/Batch
Kg/Kg of
Product MT/Month MT/day
Input
Melamine 1200 0.4 120 4.8
Formaldehyde (37%) 1800 0.6 180 7.2
Total 3000 1.0 300 12.0
Output
Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 3000 1.0 300 12.0
Total 3000 1.0 300 12.0
Limped Reaction Vessel
Stirring and Heating up to
95C for 1 hr
Cooling down to 40C
Finish Product: Melamine Formaldehyde Resin
Melamine Formaldehyde (37%)
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2.9.3 Urea Formaldehyde Resin
a. Manufacturing Process
The manufacturing process is summarized below:
The polymerization reaction of Urea Formaldehyde Resin takes places in two
stages. The first stage is an addition polymerization in which Urea &
Formaldehyde (37%) undergo addition reaction, which takes place in neutral or
slightly alkaline condition at pH 7.5 to 8.0 at elevated temperature 95 °C to
100°C.
Methyl Urea formed in the first stage are allowed to reach further by lowering
pH 4 to 6 using Acetic Acid where reaction takes place faster and leads to the
formation of long chain polymer.
The reaction is allowed to proceed further up to the desired viscosity and the
reaction is arrested midway by raising the pH of the resin solution to 7.5 to 8.0
using Caustic Soda and then the reaction is cooled down to the room
temperature and stored in sealed container.
Check viscosity, tolerance, pH, gel time of the required batch of the resin.
b. Chemical Reaction
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c. Process Flow Diagram
d. Mass Balance
Urea Formaldehyde Resin (U. F. Resin) 400 MT/Month
Batch Size 8000 Kg
Nos. Of Reaction vessel 1** --
Working days per Month 25 days
No. of Batches per month 50 Nos.
Batch time 6 Hrs.
Batches per day 2 Nos.
** P. F. Resin Vessel will be used for manufacturing U. F. resin
Stirring and Heating up to
95C for 50 Minutes
Cooling
Product: Urea Formaldehyde Resin
Limped Reaction Vessel
Urea Formaldehyde (37 %)
pH adjusted to 9
pH adjusted to 9 Caustic
Acetic Acid
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Particular Kg/Batch Kg/Kg of
Product MT/Month MT/day
Input
Urea 3160.0 0.395 158.0 6.32
Formaldehyde (37%) 4760.0 0.595 238.0 9.52
Caustic Flakes 40.0 0.005 2.0 0.08
Acetic Acid 40.0 0.005 2.0 0.08
Total 8000.0 1.0 400.0 16.0
Output
Urea Formaldehyde Resin 8000.0 1.0 400.0 16.0
Total 8000.0 1.0 400.0 16.0
2.9.4 Laminated Sheets
a. Manufacturing Process
The manufacturing process is summarized below:
Kraft paper will be impregnated with phenol or urea formaldehyde resin and
passed in the drier machine and stored separately.
Base paper and overlay tissue will be impregnated with melamine resin and
passed in the drier machine and stored in A/C room under controlled condition.
Overlay Tissue, base paper and Kraft will be taken in assembly section for making
laminate assembly.
These assemblies will be then put into individual daylights of multi daylight
Hydraulic Press with the help of loading and unloading machines.
The laminated sheet will be then trimmed by means of circular saw. Its backside
will be roughened by putting it in sanding machine. This sheet will be then taken
for inspection and gradation.
It will be then segregated, wrapped and packed for dispatch.
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b. Process Flow Diagram
c. Mass Balance
Laminated Sheets 2,00,000 Nos./Month (900 MT/Month)
Working days per Month 25 days
Particular
Kg/Kg of
Product MT/Month MT/day
Input
Kraft Paper 0.350 315.0 12.60
Design Paper 0.050 45.0 1.80
Resin 0.600 540.0 21.60
Methanol 0.110 99.0 3.96
Total 1.11 999.0 39.96
Output
Laminated Sheet 1.000 900.0 36.0
Edge Cutting Waste 0.001 0.9 0.036
Methanol Vapour 0.091 81.9 3.28
Drying Loss 0.018 16.2 0.65
Total 1.11 999.0 39.96
Kraft Paper, Phenol / Urea Formaldehyde Resin
Design Paper, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin
Edge Cutting Waste
KRAFT COATING
DESIGN COATING
DRYING
CUTTING
SANDING, GRADATION & PACKING
FINISHED PRODUCT: LAMINATED SHEETS
PRESSING
Methanol
Methanol scrubbing by water scrubber
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Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.22
2.10 RAW MATERIAL & PRODUCT DETAILS
For manufacturing of proposed products various raw materials will be required which are
listed below in Table 2.5. Mostly all raw materials are available in local market so will be
purchased from local market. The convenient transportation medium (Truck / Railway) will
be used for the transportation of raw materials.
Table 2.5: Details of Proposed Raw Materials
Sr. No.
Name of Raw Material
Requirement (MT) U
sed
in
Man
ufa
ctu
rin
g
of
Ph
ysic
al F
orm
Mo
de
of
Sto
rage
Cap
acit
y o
f
sto
rage
un
it
(MT)
No
. of
Un
its
Tota
l Sto
rage
Cap
acit
y (M
T)
Sto
rage
Inve
nto
ry
(Day
)
Per Month
Per Day
1 Phenol 138.31 5.53 P. F. Resin Liquid MS Tank (Vertical)
20 1 20 3.6
2 Formaldehyde (37%)
179.05 7.16 P. F. Resin
Liquid HDPE
(Vertical)
20 1 45 2.0 180 7.2 M. F. Resin
238 9.52 U. F. Resin 25 1
3 Caustic Flakes 3.6 0.144 P. F. Resin & U.
F. Resin Solid HDPE Bag 25 kg 72 1.8 12.5
4 Melamine 120 4.8 M. F. Resin Solid HDPE Bag 50 kg 600 30 6.25
5 Urea 158 6.32 U. F. Resin Solid HDPE Bag 50 kg 800 40 6.33
6 Acetic acid 2.0 0.08 U. F. Resin Liquid HDPE Barrels 220 lit. 5 1 12.5
7 Kraft Paper 315 12.60 Laminated
Sheets Solid Raw material Storage area, 2500 Ft
2
8 Design Paper 45 1.80 Laminated
Sheets Solid Raw material Storage area, 2200 Ft
2
9 Methanol 99 3.96 Laminated
Sheets Liquid
MS Tank (Vertical)
20 1 20 5.05
Details of Proposed Products
No. Description Physical
Form
Type of Packing /
Storage/ Mode of
storage
Transportation Capacity of
storage
1 Phenol Formaldehyde
Resin Semi solid
Stored in HDPE Barrels
(16 nos. x 220 lit.)
Captive consumption &
rest will be transported
by road, rail & ship
4 MT
2 Melamine Formaldehyde
Resin Semi solid
Stored in HDPE Barrels
(8 nos. x 220 lit.)
Captive consumption &
rest will be transported
by road, rail & ship
2 MT
3 Urea Formaldehyde
Resin Semi solid
Stored in 1 no. of MS
Tank
Captive consumption &
rest will be transported
by road, rail & ship
7 MT
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2.11 SOLVENT REQUIREMENT & RECOVERY SYSTEM
In the manufacturing of Laminated sheets, methanol will be used as a solvent
which helps to let down the viscosity of resins so that resins can be applied
uniformly on the surface of the sheet.
During the drying process of laminated sheets this Methanol is likely to liberate
as a vapor, this methanol vapor will be collected by Hood attached with dryer.
Hence the exhaust of the dryer will be connected to the condenser, where cool
water will be circulated continuously to condense the Methanol vapor, thus
methanol will be 90 % recovered .
The recovered Methanol will be reused in the process / sold in domestic market.
Schematic diagram of Methanol recovery is shown in Figure 2.8.
Figure 2.8: Methanol recovery system
2.12 REQUIREMENT OF RESOURCES
Resources like power, water, fuel, manpower, plant & machineries, utilities etc. will
be required for the proposed project. Details of requirement of such resources for
proposed project are described in subsequent sections under respective headings.
Holding Tank Of Methanol
Dryer
Water outlet
Water inlet
Methanol Receiver
Condenser
DU
CT
LIN
E
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2.12.1 Electricity / Power
200 KVA load is connected to the proposed industry, which will be procured from
Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (PGVCL). Additionally proposed project will install
a D. G. Set of 150 KVA as stand-by to the main source and it will be utilized only &
only in case of non-availability of power from PGVCL.
2.12.2 Manpower
About 60 persons (Laminated sheets plant – 52 & Resin plant – 8), skilled & unskilled
will get employment for the operation and maintenance of the proposed project in
efficient way. Out of 60 persons, 5 will be female employees. Preference will be
given to the local people from nearby villages according to the skill as well
requirement. During construction also, there will be requirement of workers.
However, the same will be of contractor’s persons and utilized according to the
requirements and type of construction activities. Details of proposed manpower are
given in Table 2.6.
Table 2.6: Manpower Requirement
Sr.
No. Particular
Resident Local Total Persons
Male Female Male Female Male Female
1 Skilled Workers 37 1 5 1 42 2
2 Unskilled Workers 10 2 3 1 13 3
Total 50 10 60
Laminated sheets plant – 52 & Resin plant – 8
2.12.3 Water
For the proposed project, water will be required for domestic activities, greenbelt
development and utility operations. There will not be any requirement of water
during manufacturing process of laminated sheets as well as Resin. Total water
requirement will be 30.5 KL/day which will be fulfilled by own borewell / Open well.
There is no other source of water envisaged in nearby area.
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Ref.: CENTRAL GROUND WATER AUTHORITY (Constituted under sub-section (3) of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986) Guidelines/Criteria for evaluation of proposals/requests for ground water abstraction (With effect from 16.11.2015)
As per Guidelines of Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA), the proposed project
site falls in safe – Non – notified area.
Unit will procure fresh water from their own borewell / open well. The proposed unit
had already done application to obtain NOC from CGWA for use or abstraction of
ground water.
2.12.4 Fuel
Fuel will be required for Boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater and D. G. Set (Stand-by). Coal /
Briquettes will be used in Boiler as well as in Thermic Fluid Heater and High Speed
Diesel (HSD) will be utilized for D. G. Set. Fuel will be purchased from the nearby
trader. Details of fuel requirement are given in Table 2.7.
Table 2.7: Fuel Requirement
Sr.
No. Particular Type of fuel Fuel Requirement
1 Steam Boiler (3 TPH) Coal / Briquettes
(Sulphur content
< 0.5 %)
6.6 MT/day 2 Thermic Fluid Heater (15 Lac Kcal/hr)
3 D. G. Set (150 KVA) HSD 28 Liter/hr.
2.13 Plant, Machineries & Utilities
List of plant machineries required for the proposed project is given in Table 2.8. The
actual requirements of utilities and machineries & equipment are not limited to the
list given below as some additional minor requirements can also be cited depending
up on necessity noticed during installation & operations.
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Table 2.8: List of Plant, Machineries and Utilities
Sr.
No. Particular Quantity Size / Capacity
1 Steam Boiler 1 3 TPH
2 Thermic fluid heater 1 15 Lac Kcal/hr
3 Cooling Tower 2 350 TR & 150 TR
4 D. G. Set 1 150 KVA
5 P. F. Reaction vessel 1 10 MT
6 M. F. Reaction vessel 1 5 MT
7 Kraft paper dryer
Design paper dryer
1
1
4 zone
3 zone
8 Hydraulic Press 2 14 elight
2.14 ENERGY BALANCE
Major equipments to be utilized in proposed unit for thermal energy requirement
are Thermic Fluid Heater and Steam Boiler. Thus, energy balance of these both
equipments have been carried out and presented below in Table 2.9.
Table 2.9: Energy Balance
THERMIC FLUID HEATER
Particular Unit Thermic Fluid Heater
Installed Capacity Kcal/hr 1500000 Kcal/hr
Rated Fuel (Briquettes / Coal) Kg/day 3100
Gross Calorific Value per kg of Fuel Kcal 4000
Moisture content % 10
Efficiency on Gross Calorfic Value % 75
Energy Produced Kcal/day 9300000
Moisture content Kcal/day 930000
Losses through Flue gas 0.4% Kcal/day 37200
Net Energy output Kcal/day 8332800
Production TPD 76
Energy consumption per MT production Kcal/MT 109642
STEAM BOILER
Particular Unit Steam Boiler
Installed Capacity TPH 3
Rated Fuel (Briquettes / Coal) Kg/day 3500
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Gross Calorific Value per kg of Fuel Kcal 4000
Moisture content % 10
Efficiency on Gross Calorfic Value % 75
Energy Produced Kcal/day 10500000
Moisture content less 25% Kcal/day 1050000
Losses through Flue gas 0.4% Kcal/day 42000
Net Energy output Kcal/day 9408000
Production TPD 76
Energy consumption per MT production Kcal/MT 123789
2.15 POLLUTION POTENTIAL AND MITIGATION MEASURES
There will be possibility of pollution from the proposed project due to domestic &
industrial wastewater generation & disposal; gaseous emission from process, flue
gas emission from utilities, fugitive emission, noise & vibration and hazardous waste
generation & disposal. The said probable pollutions are described below under
respective heading with necessary details and mitigation measures.
2.15.1 Water Pollution
Total fresh water requirement for the proposed project will be 30.5 KL/day which
will be fulfilled by own Borewell / Open well. For domestic activities 7.3 KL/day
(fresh water 6.1 KL/day + treated sewage 1.2 KL/day), for industrial activities 24.4
KL/day & for green belt development 5.5 KL/day (treated sewage 5.5 KL/day + fresh
water 0 KL/day) water will be required.
Domestic wastewater: Total 6.7 KL/day sewage (domestic wastewater) will be
generated which will be treated in sewage treatment plant.
Industrial wastewater: About 0.76 KL/day effluent will be generated from
manufacturing of phenol formaldehyde resin. However, there will not be any
requirement of water in manufacturing activities. About 0.2 KL/day wastewater will
be generated from floor washing. About 1.0 KL/day and 1.6 KL/day wastewater will
be generated from boiler and cooling tower respectively as blow down. About 8.6
KL/day R.O. Reject water will be generated from borewell RO-1 plant. Stream-wise
water requirement and wastewater generation is given in Table 2.10 and detailed
water balance is given in Figure 2.9.
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Table 2.10: Stream-wise Water Requirement & Wastewater Generation
Sr. No.
Particular Stream Water
Requirement (KL/day)
Wastewater Generation
(KL/day)
1 Domestic activities Bore well water 6.1 6.7(1)
Treated sewage 1.2(1)
2 Greenbelt development Treated sewage 5.5 (1) Nil
3
Industrial activities (RO-1 Plant followed by RO-2)
Bore well water 24.4
11.2(3) Permeate from RO-2 6.0(4)
Condensate from evaporator
4.3(2)
Floor washing Bore well water 0.2 0.2(5)
Resin Process --- Nil 0.76(5)
Boiler Permeate of RO-1 9.6 1.0(3)
Cooling tower 1 Permeate of RO-1 16.3 1.6(3)
RO-2
Reject of RO-1, Boiler B.D., cooling tower B.D.
11.2(3) 6.16(4)
Treated effluent from ETP
0.96(5) 6.0
Total industrial Fresh Bore well water 24.4 12.16(3+5)
Total (domestic + industrial + Greenbelt development)
Fresh Bore well water 30.5 18.86
Note: (1):
6.7 KL/day sewage will be generated which will be treated in sewage treatment plant and treated sewage will be reused for greenbelt development (5.5 KL/day) & for domestic flushing (1.2 KL/day).
(2): (3): (4): (5):
4.3 KL/day condensate water from Evaporator will be reused in RO-1. 11.2 KL/day waste water generated from boiler blowdown (1.0 KL/day), cooling tower blow down (1.6 KL/day) & reject of RO-1 (8.6 KL/day); this will be further treated in RO-2. Permeate of RO-2 (6.0 KL/day) will be reused in RO-1 & reject of RO-2 (6.16 KL/day) will be taken to evaporator. 0.76 KL/day effluent will be generated from Resin process & 0.2 KL/day washing effluent will be sent to ETP. Treated effluent (0.96 KL/day) will be mixed with mixed effluent (11.2 KL/day) & sent to RO-2.
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Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.29
Figure 2.9: Water Balance Diagram
Process
RO-2
Evaporator followed
by condenser
30.5
Bore Well/Open Well
6.1
Domestic 7.3
6.7
Nil
Gardening
5.5
24.4
Industrial
24.2
0.2 Nil
34.5
1.6
25.9
0.2 0.76
ETP
24.4 Sewage
Treatment Plant
6.7
RO-1
Pe
rme
ate
Reject
8.6
0.96
12.16 Permeate
Condensate from Evaporator 4.3
6.0
6.16
10.3
Washing
Reject
Cooling Tower
Boiler
16.3 9.6
1.0
Note:
All Values are in kl/day.
Wate
r
Wastewat
er
Recycle
d
1.2 5.5
11.2
Note : All details are for existing laminated sheet plant & Resin plant after getting EC
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Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.30
2.15.1.1 Domestic wastewater (Sewage) Treatment and Disposal
Total 6.7 KL/day sewage will be generated from the domestic activities of the
proposed project which will be treated in sewage treatment plant.
Table 2.11 : Quality of Untreated and Treated Sewage
Sr. No.
Parameter Unit Untreated
Sewage Treated Sewage
GPCB Norms
1 pH ---- 6.5 – 8 6.5 – 7.5 6.5 – 8.5
2 Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 350 – 400 < 50 < 50
3 Biochemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 300 – 350 < 10 < 10
4 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 200 – 300 < 10 < 20
5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 1000 – 1200 1000 – 1200 --
6 Residual Chlorine mg/l -- 0.8 – 1.0 Min 0.5
Figure 2.10: Schematic Diagram of Sewage Treatment Plant
2.15.1.2 Industrial wastewater Treatment and Disposal
About 0.96 KL/day industrial wastewater will be generated from process (0.76
KL/day) and floor washing (0.2 KL/day), which will be collected in collection tank
& given chemical oxidation treatment. After then it will be sent to Nutch filter /
filter press for sludge separation. Filtrate will be taken to holding tank, in which
boiler blow down (1.0 KL/day), cooling purge (1.6 KL/day) & RO-1 Reject (8.6
KL/day) will be taken to RO-2. Permeate will be (6.0 KL/day) reused in RO-1 &
reject (6.16 KL/day) will be sent to Evaporator followed by condenser.
Collection cum
Equalization Tank with
Screen Chamber
Electro Coagulatio
n Tank
Tube Deck
Settling Tank
NaOCl Dosing Tank
Multi Media Filter followed by Activated
Carbon Filter
Treated Sewage
Tank
Sludge Drying Beds
Sludge to be used as manure
Treated sewage to be
reused for greenbelt
development & domestic
flushing
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Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.31
Details of Effluent Treatment Plant:
Wastewater will be generated from process, Boiler & cooling tower blow-
down, Washing & R.O. reject.
Washing water & Process effluent will be collected in collection cum
neutralization tank.
Then wastewater will be given chemical oxidation treatment (H2O2).
After completion of chemical oxidation treatment (H2O2), wastewater will
be taken to Filter Press for chemical sludge separation.
Dried sludge will be stored in bags and ultimately disposed of at TSDF site.
Chemically treated water, Boiler blow down, cooling tower blow down &
R.O. reject will be collected in Intermediate water collection tank and then
it will be evaporated in Thermic Fluid Heater based evaporation system
followed by condenser.
Bottom sludge from evaporator will be handled with ETP sludge.
Condensate water from condenser will be reused in RO-1.
Thus, unit will maintain Zero Effluent Discharge.
Details of Effluent Treatment Plant Units:
Name of the units Volume (m3
) No. of Unit
Collection cum Neutralization Tank 1.0 2
Chemical oxidation Treatment Tank 1.0 1
Filter press 0.1 m3/hr. 1
Holding Tank 15.0 2
RO 2 Plant 1.5 m3/hr. 1
TFH based Evaporator followed by Condenser 1.0 m3/hr. 1
Technical details of Thermic Fluid Based Evaporator:
Particulars Volume (Liters)
Capacity 1000 Liters/hr (1.0 m3/hr)
Quantity of Effluent to be evaporated 6160 Liters/day
Working hours per day 6-7 hrs
Energy requirement 475335.13 Kcal./Hr.
Schematic flow diagram of ETP is given in Figure 2.11 and Stream-wise effluent quality is
given in Table 2.12.
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Figure 2.11 : Schematic Flow Diagram of Effluent Treatment Plant
Table 2.12: Stream-wise Quality of Effluent
Particular Unit Process Floor
Washing
Composite Effluent - 1 (Before
Treatment)
After Chemical oxidation
Treatment & Sludge Removal
(Composite 1 Treated)
Quantity KL/day 0.76 0.2 0.96 0.96
pH -- 3.0-5.0 6.0-7.0 4.0-7.0 6.0-7.0
Total Suspended Solids mg/l 100-200 200-300 200-300 40-50
Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 6000-8000 400-500 4500-6500 1300-2000
Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 15000-20000 100-150 11500-16000 300-500
Particular Unit Cooling Tower Boiler
blow down Boiler blow down
RO-1 Reject
Composite Effluent – 2
Quantity KL/day 1.6 1.0 8.6 11.2
pH -- 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.0-7.0
TSS mg/l 70-80 70-80 20-30 45-50
TDS mg/l 2000-2500 2000-2500 2000-2500 2000-2500
COD mg/l 40-50 40-50 30-40 32-42
Particular Unit
After Chemical oxidation
Treatment & Sludge Removal
(Composite 1 Treated)
Composite Effluent – 2
Composite Effluent – 3 (composite
effluent 1 + composite effluent
2)
RO – 2 Reject water
After treatment (Condensate)
Quantity KL/day 0.96 11.2 12.16 6.16 4.3
pH -- 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0
TSS mg/l 40-50 45-50 40-50 25-30 <20
TDS mg/l 1300-2000 2000-2500 2000-2500 3500-4500 <100
COD mg/l 300-500 32-42 50-400 <100 <100
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Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.33
2.15.2 Air Pollution
In this proposed unit, flue gas emission will be the main source of air pollution. There will
not be any type of process gas emissions during the manufacturing of resins. However,
there will be liberation of methanol vapors from the drying process during manufacturing of
Laminate Sheet. There will be chances of fugitive emission due to raw material handling and
transportation and manufacturing activity. Various potential of air pollution are described
below under respective heading.
2.15.2.1 Flue Gas Emission
In the proposed project, flue gas emission will take place from common stack attached to
Steam Boiler (3 TPH) and Thermic Fluid Heater (15 Lac Kcal/hr) in which Coal / Briquettes
will be utilized as fuel. There will also a provision of D. G. Set (150 KVA) as a stand-by source
to the main power supply. High Speed Diesel (HSD) will be used as fuel in D. G. Set. Unit will
provide cyclone separator followed by bag filter to the Steam Boiler and Thermic Fluid
Heater as an Air Pollution Control Measures to control the emission of particulate matter in
the flue gas. Adequate stack height will be provided for the proper dispersion of pollutants
into atmosphere. The details of flue gas stack & technical specifications of Air Pollution
Control Measures are given hereunder in Table 2.13 & Table 2.14.
Table 2.13: Details of Flue Gas Emissions
Sr. No.
Stack attached to Stack
Height (m)
Fuel Requirement APC
System Expected Pollutant
1
Steam Boiler (3 TPH)
30 Coal / Briquettes
6.6 MT/day
Cyclone separator
followed by Bag Filter
and adequate stack height
SPM 150 mg/Nm3
SO2 100 ppm
NOX 50 ppm
Thermic Fluid Heater (15 Lac Kcal/hr)
2 D.G. set (150 KVA)
6.0 HSD
28 L/Hr. Adequate stack
height
Table 2.14: Details of Air Pollution Control System
Type of Source Steam Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater
Capacity 3 TPH & 15 Lac Kilo Cal./Hr.
Fuel used Coal / Briquettes
Cyclone separator
Temperature at Inlet 180 oC
Gas flow rate 8.5 m3/s
Input SO2 load 0.61 gm/sec
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Input NO2 load 3.02 gm/sec
Input Dust Load 1744.6 mg/m3
Efficiency 60 %
Output dust load 698 mg/m3
Pressure Drop 110 mm WC
No/Size of Cylinder 1 no.
No. of Ash Discharge Cone 1 no.
Ash Discharge Air Lock Rotary Valve
Bag Filter
Temperature at Inlet 165 oC
Specific Gravity of Dust 1.29
Input Dust Load 698 mg / m3
Efficiency 92 %
Output dust load 56 mg / m3
Pressure Drop 110 mm WC
Type of Cleaning Mechanism Solenoid Operated Pulsing Valve
Ash Discharge Air Lock Rotary Valve
Air to Cloth ratio 1.02 m3/min/m2
Type of Bags Woven Needle Felt
Filter Fabrics Imported Woven Fiber Glass Water Repellent
2.15.2.2 Process Gas Emission
There will not be any type of process gas emissions during the manufacturing of resins.
However, there will be liberation of methanol vapors from the drying process during
manufacturing of Laminate Sheet.
Odour control action plan:
In production area odour will be due to methanol vapors. Unit will provide condenser at the exhaust of dryer. Details of methanol recovery system have been given under earlier Section 2.8 of this chapter. Details of process gas stack & Air Pollution Control Measures are given hereunder in Table 2.15.
To control this odour, unit will provide hood over the affected area and common ducting will be taken to activated carbon filter.
Table 2.15: Details of Process Gas Emissions
Sr.
No. Stack attached to
Stack Height
(m) Expected Pollutant
APC
System
1 Dryer 11 Methanol Condenser
2.15.2.3 Fugitive Emission
Due to raw material handling and transportation and manufacturing activity, there will be chances of fugitive emissions. However, unit will take all the necessary precautions and
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control measures to take care of the fugitive emissions due to the proposed project:
All the raw materials will be stored in isolated storage area and containers will be kept tightly closed.
Entire manufacturing activity will be carried out in closed reactors / vessels and regular checking and maintenance of the same will be carried out to avoid any leakages.
Exhaust vent of the dryer for laminated sheet will be connected to condenser for Methanol recovery.
All the motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be flame proof and provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand-by arrangement.
The control of all parameters on a continuous basis will be done by adequate control valves, pressure release valves and safety valves etc.
All the flange joints of the pipe lines will be covered with flange guards.
The spillages / leakages of specific chemical will be collected and use or it will be drained to effluent treatment plant.
Precautionary measures will be taken while handling various hazardous chemicals.
There will also provision of adequate ventilation system in process plant and hazardous chemical storage area.
A regular preventive maintenance will be planned to replace or rectify all gaskets, joints etc.
TREM card will be provided to the driver during the transportation of Hazardous raw materials/products.
Sufficient information and training regarding characteristics and immediate actions in case of any spillage or accident during transportation of hazardous chemical will be provided to the driver
The unit will also develop green belt area within the factory premises to control the fugitive emissions from spreading into surrounding environment.
Unit will install portable detection system for hazardous chemical like Methanol, Phenol, Formaldehyde in process area.
Moreover, Unit will carry out regular work place monitoring.
2.15.3 Solid / Hazardous Waste
The main source of hazardous waste generation from manufacturing process will be edge
cutting waste from sheets containing resin to be generated during cutting of laminated
sheets. The other hazardous wastes shall be discarded bags, used oil and ETP sludge and
evaporation residue & Spent carbon. The details of hazardous waste generation and
handling / Management are given in Table 2.16. Unit will provide storage area for hazardous
wastes having roof, pucca flooring with leachate collection system. Leachate, if any will be
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collected and treated in effluent treatment plant. Unit will take membership of TSDF site as
well as common incineration facility after commencement of proposed project.
Table 2.16: Details of Hazardous waste Management
Sr. No.
Description Category Quantity (MT/ Month)
Mode of Disposal
1 ETP Sludge + Evaporation
residue 35.3 3.5
Collection, storage and Disposal at TSDF Site
2 Used Oil 5.1 0.004 Collection, storage and used within
premises as a lubricant / sold to registered recycler.
3 Discarded
Plastic bags / Barrels
33.1 0.5 Collection, storage & sell to authorized
vendor
4 Edge Cutting
Waste 23.1 0.8
Collection, storage & disposal at common Incineration facility
5 Spent carbon 36.2 11 Collection, storage, transportation &
disposal at common Incineration facility/ sell to authorized vendor
Fly Ash Management:
Proposed fuel for Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater: Coal / Briquettes
Fuel requirement: 6.6 MT/Day
Fly ash generation has been calculated considering maximum ash generation scenario
considering use of Briquettes.
Ash content in Briquettes : 10-15 %
Total Ash generation = 0.15 x 6.6 MT/day
= 0.99 MT/day
Considering 50% Ash to be collected from bottom,
Bottom Ash = 0.5 x 0.99 MT/day
= 0.495 MT/day [A]
Considering 50 % Ash to be carried away with flue gas as fly ash which will be further
trapped in bag filter (Efficiency: 92 %)
Fly ash trapped in Air
pollution control units
= 0.92 x {0.4 x (0.5 x 0.99)}
= 0.182 MT/day [B]
Total Maximum Ash to be
generated using Briquettes
= 0.677 MT/day [A + B]
Approximately 0.7 MT/day
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If coal will be used, 1.7 MT/day fly ash will be generated as in Indian coal 30-40 % ash will
be generated.
Total Ash to be generated will be stored into silo with proper care and sold to bricks
manufacturer.
2.15.4 Noise & Vibration
Noise – unwanted sound.
Noise may be generated due to the operation of machineries & D.G. set after the
proposed project. However, D. G. Set will be kept as standby and no other source of
noise and vibration from the proposed manufacturing activity except Plant
machineries. However, unit will take following adequate precautionary measure for
noise and vibration control;
Latest technology based low noise D.G. set with acoustic enclosures will be
installed.
The noise generation will be mitigated by installing noise barriers/absorbers
around stationery noise sources. Adequate noise control measures such as ant
vibration pad for equipment with high vibration will be provided.
All the vibrating parts will be checked periodically and serviced to reduce the
noise generation. The equipment, which generates excessive noise, will be
provided with enclosures etc.
Proper and timely oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be
carried out for the machineries and equipment to reduce noise generation.
Ear muffs/ earplugs will be provided to the workers working under high noise
area to minimize the adverse effect on the health.
To reduce the noise generation during the transportation activities; the
transport contractor will be instructed kept vehicle periodically serviced and
maintain as per the requirement of latest trend in automobile industry. Only
those vehicles with PUC’s will be allowed for the transportation.
The transport contractor will be informed to avoid unnecessary speeding of
vehicles inside the premises.
Noise monitoring will be done regularly at prominent places in the plant.
Proposed greenbelt area will help to prevent the noise pollution outside the
premises.
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.1
CHAPTER - 3
DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
EIA METHODOLOGY FOR DATA COLLECTION
An effective methodology is important for baseline data collection and impact prediction to
develop an efficient environment management plan. In this regard, it is important to
understand the ground realities of the site and surrounding by the experts involved in
preparation of EIA. Accordingly, a team of expert visited the proposed site to understand the
site surrounding and possible impacts from the activities of the proposed project. The EIA
coordinator in consultation with the respective functional area experts selected the sampling
locations as per the TORs prescribed by the EAC.
As per TOR, the Base line data of M/s. Multiply INC. is used for this proposed project. And
additional one month base line monitoring of May – June 2017 was undertaken by T. R.
Associates Laboratory. The collected data were analysed and interpreted.
3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT
Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere have significant
impacts on the neighborhood air environment of an industrial project and forms an
important part of impact assessment studies. The ambient air quality status with
respect to the study zone of 10 km radial distance from the plant site will form the base
line information over which the predicted impacts due to the proposed plant can be
super imposed to find out the net (Final) impacts on air environment. From the final
impacts a viable Environmental Management Plan (EMP) can be prepared based on the
impact statement for the air environment. The baseline status of the ambient air quality
can be assessed thorough scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network.
The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has to be based
on the following considerations.
Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale.
Topography of the study area.
Representation of regional background levels.
Representation of plant site.
Representation of cross sectional distribution in the downward direction.
Influence of the existing sources if any, are to be kept at minimum.
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Inclusion of major distinct villages to collect the baseline status.
3.1.1 Micrometeorological Data
Micro-meteorological data within the project area during the air quality survey period is
an indispensable part of air pollution study. The meteorological data recorded during
survey period is very useful for proper interpretation of the baseline information as well
as serves as an input, to predictive models for air quality impacts.
To understand meteorological scenario primary generated and secondary data collected.
This data is used in the interpretation of wind scenario. The data collected from the both
sources are summarized as follows:
Table 3.1.1 Meteorological Data Collection Period
Meteorological data
Primary data (October 2016 to December 2016 & May-June 2017):
Parameters like Wind speed and its direction, Temperature, Humidity
and Precipitation collected for project site using Automatic Weather
Station at >10 m height.
Secondary data (Entire Year): Secondary data has been collected
from the nearest IMD source (Rajkot) for Temperature, Humidity,
Rainfall, Wind Speed.
3.1.1.1 Meteorological Data from Secondary Sources
The climate of the Morbi district is characterised by hot summer and general dryness
except during the southwest monsoon seasons. The year can be divided into four
seasons. The period from March to May is the hot season (summer) followed by
southwest monsoon from June to September. October and November constitute the
post-monsoon or retreating monsoon season. The cold season (winter) starts from
December and ends in February.
The mean maximum temperature ranges between 28.4ºC during January to 40.5ºC
during May and the mean minimum temperatures vary between 12.8ºC during January
and 26.5ºC during June. The relative humidity varies between 21 % (March/April) and 89
% (August). The mean wind speed varies from 7.2 kmph (November) and 20.8 kmph
(May). Long-term average annual rainfall recorded by IMD station at Rajkot is 676.1 mm.
Most of the rainfall (about 642.2 mm) is received from south-west monsoon between
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June to September. Climatological data of nearest IMD station i.e. Rajkot is given in the
Table 3.1.2.
Table 3.1.2: Monthly Mean values of Meteorological Data (Secondary Data)
Month Air Temperature
(°C)
Humidity
(%)
Mean Wind
Speed
(Kmph)
Rainfall
(mm)
Max. Min. Max. Min.
January 28.4 12.8 58 27 8.8 0.8
February 30.9 15 62 24 10.1 0.3
March 35.5 19.2 68 21 12.7 0.1
April 39.1 22.6 71 21 16.5 1.4
May 40.5 25.4 75 30 20.8 5.4
June 37.8 26.5 79 51 20.3 108.4
July 33 25.4 87 70 19 253.4
August 31.6 24.4 89 71 16.7 165.3
September 33.6 23.8 86 58 13.5 115.1
October 35.9 22.4 71 32 9 19.3
November 33.2 18.4 54 29 7.2 6.3
December 29.9 14.4 56 29 7.9 0.3
Annual Mean 34.1 20.9 71 38 13.5 676.1
Source: As per Climatological Table – IMD, Rajkot Station (1981-2010)
The wind rose diagram obtained from meteoblue organization for the entire year based
on 30 years of hourly historical weather data for Rajkot location is presented in Figure
3.1.1.
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Fig. 3.1.1 Wind Rose Diagram of Entire Year (Secondary Source)
Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/forecast/modelclimate/morvi_india_1262775
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.5
3.1.1.2 Meteorology – Data generated at plant site (Primary data October 2016 to December
2016 & 15th May – 15th June 2017)
Meteorology of the study zones plays an important role in the study of air pollution.
Micrometeorological conditions at the proposed project site regulate the dispersion
and dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. For this purpose a weather station
was installed near the plant site for the period October 2016 to December 2016 and
recorded hourly observations for the parameters like Maximum and minimum
Temperatures (oC), Relative Humidity (%), Wind Speed (m/sec), Wind direction and
Rainfall (mm).
Meteorological conditions, of the site, regulates the transport and diffusion of air-
pollutants released into the atmosphere. Ambient temperature, wind speed and wind
direction are called primary or basic Meteorological Parameters because the
dispersion and diffusion of pollutants depend mainly on these Parameters. Humidity,
precipitation, pressure and visibility are secondary Meteorological Parameters as this
control the dispersion of the pollutants indirectly by affecting primary Parameters.
The hourly-recorded observations (wind velocity and wind directions) during above
stated study period are used in computing percentage frequencies and are depicted
in the form of ‘wind roses’ in Fig. 3.1.2 (A & B). Primary meteorological data are
shown in Annexure A.
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Fig. 3.1.2 (A) Meteorological Wind Rose Diagram for October 2016 to December 2016
(Primary data)
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Fig. 3.1.2 (B) Meteorological Wind Rose Diagram for 15th May 2017 to 15th June 2017 (Primary
data)
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3.1.2 Selection of AAQ stations
A network of eight ambient air-sampling locations has been selected for assessment of
the existing status of air environment within the study zone. The sampling locations
were selected according to CPCB guidelines. The heights of the sampling locations were
kept between 3 to 6 m in all the locations. After reconnaissance of the area and
observing the topographical features and review of the available meteorological data
and local conditions the sampling sites were chosen which will be the representative of
the local areas under study.
Fig. 3.1.3 (A) Map showing Ambient Air Quality locations
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3.1.3 Existing AAQ (Pre-project) status
Ambient levels of pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO and VOC are selected for
the sampling. The methodology of sampling and analysis in detail is given in the
following tables 3.1.4 & 3.1.5.
Table: 3.1.3 Ambient Air monitoring locations
Code Ambient Air
Location
UW/DW Location selection criteria
Distance in km Direction GPS Coordinates
A1 Project site -- -- -- -- 22° 3'43.50"N 70°46'31.47"E
A2 Bhunava UW Nearby village 0.94 KM SW 22° 3'21.78"N 70°46'4.77"E
A3 Nana mahika UW Down Wind 4.5 KM SW 22° 1'40.94"N 70°44'47.47"E
A4 Nagadka CW Down Wind 5.9 KM SSW 22° 0'34.71"N 70°45'41.01"E
A5 Hadamtala* DW Near Jasuki
Nadi 3.15 KM E
22° 3'36.03"N 70°48'19.39"E
A6 Bharudi CW Population
2.0 KM NNW 22° 4'41.66"N 70°45'55.58"E
A7 Ardoi* DW Higher
population 4.8 KM ENE
22° 5'0.44"N 70°48'59.37"E
A8 Shemla CW Near Veni
Talav 4.05 KM SE
22° 2'6.71"N 70°48'21.82"E
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Figure: 3.1.4 Photograph showing Ambient Air Monitoring
Village Latitude Longitude Nagdka 22° 0'34.71"N 70°45'41.01"E
Table 3.1.4: Air – Parameters analyzed and sampling duration
Attribute Parameter Frequency of Monitoring
AAQ
PM10, PM2.5,
SO2, NO2, CO & VOC
at 8 locations
24 hrs. Sampling for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO & VOC - 2
days per week during the above stated study period.
Sampling height varies between 3-6 m above ground level.
Met. Data
Wind speed, wind
Direction,
Temperature, RH,
at one center
location
Primary data: Hourly data collected at site using AWS
Secondary data: Entire year data obtained from IMD source
(Rajkot) for Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, Wind Speed.
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Table 3.1.5 Ambient Air Quality - Methodology
Pollutant Method of analysis
Var
iab
les D
ust
PM10 Particulate Matter 10 IS 5182 (Part 23) : 2006 (RA 2012)
PM2.5 Respirable Suspended Particulate
Matter 2.5
STP No. TRA/STP/AA/02 Based on
manual instrument manufactures.
Gas
es
SO2 Sulfur dioxide IS 5182 (Part 2): 2001 (RA 2012)
NO2 Nitrous Oxides IS 5182 (Part 6): 2006 (RA 2012)
VOC Volatile Organic Carbon IS 5182 (Part 11): 2006
CO Carbon Monoxide NDIR spectroscopy
Various statistical method like standard deviation, geometric mean, minimum; maximum
concentrations have been used and different percentiles have been computed from the data
examined during sampling in all sampling stations.
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Table no. 3.1.6 (A) Ambient Air monitoring results (from M/s. Multiply INC., Baseline Period :
October 2016 – December 2016)_
Pollutant
with
NAAQS
Particular
LOCATION
Project
Site Bhunava Nana Mahika Nagadka Hadamtala @ Bharudi Ardoi @ Shemla
PM 2.5
µg/m3
60 µg/m3
Min 22.68 23.03 23.41 22.50 24.60 23.90 24.70 24.49
Max. 35.13 35.04 35.71 34.89 34.11 35.59 34.23 34.95
Mean 30.18 29.14 28.62 29.57 29.84 29.38 29.86 29.39
98 % 35.10 35.0 35.7 34.7 34.0 35.4 34.2 34.7
PM 10
µg/m3
100 µg/m3
Min 61.30 62.25 61.30 60.81 66.92 64.31 63.73 62.35
Max. 90.61 92.50 96.50 94.30 92.20 93.60 94.70 96.20
Mean 79.20 76.28 75.55 78.31 79.60 78.88 80.56 78.68
98 % 90.6 92.5 96.5 93.3 91.9 92.5 93.7 93.6
SO2
µg/m3
80 µg/m3
Min 13.88 13.89 12.22 13.33 12.78 12.22 11.11 10.00
Max. 24.44 25.00 23.89 22.22 23.33 23.89 25.00 23.33
Mean 17.77 18.70 18.24 17.77 17.31 17.50 17.40 16.67
98 % 23.9 24.7 23.6 22.2 22.8 23.9 24.7 23.3
NO2
µg/m3
80 µg/m3
Min 17.54 16.55 14.87 19.81 15.45 16.79 17.37 15.91
Max. 28.17 28.81 28.58 28.93 28.34 28.58 29.04 30.55
Mean 23.79 22.77 23.68 23.82 23.88 24.51 24.93 24.63
98 % 28.2 28.4 28.6 28.9 28.3 28.2 29.0 30.6
Table no. 3.1.6 (B) Ambient Air monitoring results (extra 1 month additional, Base line period :
15th May 2017 – 15th June 2017)
Pollutant
with NAAQS Particular
LOCATION
Project
Site Bhunava Nana Mahika Nagadka Hadamtala @ Bharudi Ardoi @ Shemla
PM 2.5
µg/m3
60 µg/m3
Min 28.20 25.30 29.22 28.66 24.50 26.09 30.52 34.17
Max. 30.48 33.40 31.96 29.95 26.10 28.10 32.18 36.06
Mean 29.33 29.29 30.60 29.45 25.30 27.16 31.43 34.94
98 % 30.42 33.15 31.89 29.94 26.06 28.06 32.16 36.03
PM 10
µg/m3
100 µg/m3
Min 70.49 63.25 69.57 71.65 61.25 65.23 76.31 85.42
Max. 76.20 83.51 76.10 74.88 65.24 70.25 80.45 90.14
Mean 73.33 73.24 72.86 73.63 63.25 67.91 78.57 87.36
98 % 76.05 82.89 75.93 74.85 65.14 70.15 80.39 90.07
SO2
µg/m3
80 µg/m3
Min 12.46 16.01 12.41 11.21 9.62 10.25 14.58 15.48
Max. 16.65 19.80 16.04 14.89 12.63 13.10 17.58 18.14
Mean 14.70 17.89 14.00 12.97 11.07 11.94 15.94 17.01
98 % 16.50 19.79 16.02 14.80 12.60 13.08 17.56 18.12
NO2
µg/m3
80 µg/m3
Min 20.32 26.42 22.96 20.17 20.07 23.65 23.70 26.35
Max. 28.36 29.82 28.21 27.67 25.30 27.44 28.34 30.68
Mean 23.72 27.82 25.88 24.40 23.11 25.64 26.48 28.74
98 % 28.16 29.74 28.09 27.52 25.23 27.35 28.28 30.64
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@ Downwind Direction
CO: Not Detected; VOC: Not Detected
3.1.4 Results and Discussion
A. Results & Discussion from M/s. Multiply INC., Baseline Period : October 2016 –
December 2016)_
The maximum concentrations are recorded at Nana Mahika village with PM10 of 96.5
g/m3, as the location is on the road side.
The maximum concentrations are recorded at Nana Mahika village with PM2.5 of 35.71
g/m3, as the location is on the road side.
The maximum concentrations of SO2 found at Bhunava & Ardoi village with 25.00 g/m3.
Similarly the maximum concentration of NO2 found at Shemla Village with 30.55 g/m3.
B. Results & Discussion for 1 month additional Baseline Period : 15th May 2017 – 15th June
2017)
The maximum concentrations are recorded at Shemla village with PM10 of 90.14 g/m3,
as the location is on the road side.
The maximum concentrations are recorded at Shemla village with PM2.5 of 36.06 g/m3,
as the location is on the road side.
The maximum concentrations of SO2 found at Bhunava village with 19.80 g/m3, as
there are much industries located around the Bhunava village.
Similarly the maximum concentration of NO2 found at Shemla Village with 30.68 g/m3.
All the above results are found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air
Quality standards. CO and VOCs were found below detectable limits or not detected. All
the above results are found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air
Quality standards.
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3.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise word come from the Latin word ‘nauseas’, it is a loud outcry or commotion that is
unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired with various frequencies over the audible range
due to the regular activities of the Mankind primarily Noise pollution (or environmental
noise) is displeasing human, animal or machine-created sound that disrupts the activity
or balance of humans or animals life. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is
mainly evolved from Industries, constructions and transportation systems, including
motor vehicle noise, aircraft noise and rail noise, poor urban planning may give rise to
noise pollution.
Industrial Noise resulting to noise pollution has many reasons such as industries being
close to human habitats which prevent the noise from decaying before it reaches human
ear.
A determination is made of the micro scale impact by predicting anticipated noise levels
for each alternative during both construction and operational phases. Predicted noise
levels are compared with applicable standards or criteria in order to assess the impact.
The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise
in general sound which comprises of many frequency components with different
variations in loudness over the audible frequency range.
Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, a single number, the response of
an average human to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different loud
levels, the response of the human ear to sound is dependent on the frequency of the
sound and this has led to the concept of weighting scales. In the "A-weighting" scale, the
sound pressure levels for the lower frequencies and higher frequencies are reduced by
certain amounts before they are being combined together to give one single sound
pressure level value. This value is designated as dB (A). The dB (A) is often used as it
reflects more accurately the frequency response of the human ear. A perceived loud
noise has a high dB or dB (A) value and a soft noise has a low one. The human ear has
peak response around 2,500 to 3,000 Hz and has a relatively low response at low
frequencies.
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3.2.1 Existing Noise Levels
Pre-project noise levels have been monitored at different points within the study zone
and device manufactured by LUTRON SL 4033-SD was used for this purpose. Keeping in
view of various local activities such as residential and Industrial activities 8 noise level
measurement locations were identified and the sites are depicted in the Fig. 3.2.1 &
Table 3.2.1.
Figure: 3.2.1_Photograph showing Noise monitoring sample collection
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Table 3.2.1: Noise Monitoring Locations
Codes Station Name
N1 Project site
N2 Bhunava
N3 Nana mahika
N4 Nagadka
N5 Hadamtala
N6 Bharudi
N7 Ardoi
N8 Shemla
Fig. 3.2.2 Map Showing Noise Sampling Locations
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3.2.2 Data Analysis
Sound levels had been recorded according to IS: 9989:1991 (Reaffirmed 2001). The
recorded sound levels are given in Table.3.2.2 Out of all the 8 locations measured for
noise levels, the sound levels recorded at project site area is found to be 66.6 dB(A).
Recorded Noise levels are found to be within the standard limits.
Table 3.2.2 Hourly Noise data (Day and Night timings in Leq dB (A))-October 2016 – December
2016
Sr. No.
Test Parameters
Results
Day Hours
Location & Site Code
Project site
Bhunava Nana Maika
Nagadka Hadamtala Bharudi Ardoi Shemla
1 Spot Noise
Level in dB(A)
61.2 53.6 50.3 47.5 52.3 50.2 53.6 51.6 06:00 - 07:00
63.4 51.6 51.4 50.2 51.2 52.5 52.8 53.7 07:00 - 08:00
59.8 48.8 45.2 52.1 49.6 51.2 50.1 50.6 08:00 - 09:00
63.8 46.7 55.6 47.5 52.2 44.5 53.6 45.6 09:00 - 10:00
66.6 54.6 50.2 46.3 47.5 48.6 48.8 48.1 10:00 - 11:00
62.3 52.6 51.4 52.3 43.8 44.2 44.7 44.9 11:00 - 12:00
60.3 50.3 54.2 51.2 44.5 47.5 45.3 48.5 12:00 - 13:00
57.9 54.6 56.8 44.6 47.5 40.6 48.3 41.9 13:00 - 14:00
59.0 52.8 53.0 48.9 49.3 48.6 50.2 49.1 14:00 - 15:00
54.6 51.4 52.3 52.3 51.2 51.0 52.3 51.2 15:00 - 16:00
53.2 48.7 51.7 49.3 51.8 52.3 52.4 52.5 16:00 - 17:00
53.4 49.6 49.6 47.2 50.2 49.3 51.9 49.8 17:00 - 18:00
55.2 50.8 49.0 45.3 44.5 47.8 45.6 47.9 18:00 - 19:00
57.7 51.7 51.6 51.2 48.3 45.0 49.7 45.4 19:00 - 20:00
52.2 45.3 49.2 50.2 44.7 46.3 45.6 46.9 20:00 - 21:00
53.2 50.3 48.1 50.0 48.9 51.2 49.2 51.6 21:00 - 22:00
52.2 45.3 45.2 44.6 43.8 40.6 44.7 41.9 Minimum
66.6 54.6 56.8 52.3 52.3 52.5 53.6 53.7 Maximum
59.4 49.9 51.0 48.4 48.0 46.5 49.1 47.8 Day eq.
75 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 Day Limits
14.09.2016 14.09.2016 15.09.2016 15.09.2016 16.09.2016 16.09.2016 17.09.2016 17.09.2016 Sampling
date
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Sr. No
Test Parameters
Result Night Hours
Location & Site
Code Project
site Bhunava
Nana Maika
Nagadka Hadamtala Bharudi Ardoi Shemla
1 Spot Noise Level in dB
66.2 42.5 40 42.3 39.8 36.8 45.6 37.4 22:00 - 23:00
62.9 41.2 40.8 40.2 42.6 40.1 42.6 42.3 23:00 - 24:00
54.6 37.5 34.9 35.5 35.6 42.3 36.7 44.1 24:00 - 01:00
52.4 36.5 34.9 38.9 36.2 38.5 39.5 39.7 01:00 - 02:00
63.7 41.9 33.8 39.5 34.7 36.2 34.9 37.9 02:00 - 03:00
64.2 37.6 34.2 34.5 35.6 35.2 35.8 39.6 03:00 - 04:00
59.2 38.2 37.5 36.5 38.9 40.1 39.5 41.8 04:00 - 05:00
63.7 42.5 41.0 37.0 42.3 41.5 38.7 42.9 05:00 - 06:00
52.4 36.5 33.8 34.5 34.7 35.2 34.9 37.4 Minimum
66.2 42.5 41.0 42.3 42.6 42.3 45.6 44.1 Maximum
59.3 39.5 37.4 38.4 38.6 38.7 40.2 40.7 Night eq.
70 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 Limits
1.00 1.26 1.36 1.26 1.24 1.20 1.22 1.17 D/n eq
14.09.2016 14.09.2016 15.09.2016 15.09.2016 16.09.2016 16.09.2016 17.09.2016 17.09.2016 Sampling
date
Project site Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Area type
Table 3.2.2.A Hourly Noise data (Day and Night timings in Leq dB (A))-May – June 2017
Day time Monitoring
Sampling Location
Sampling Date Category Recorded level in dB(A) Limits Leq
(dB(A) ) Minimum Maximum Leq
Project Site 15.05.17 to 16.05.17 Industrial 53.5 71.9 63.6 75
Bhunava 16.05.17 to 17.05.17 Residential 55.1 64.7 61.3 55
Nana Maika 17.05.17 to 18.05.17 Residential 38.9 50.1 46.4 55
Nagadka 18.05.17 to 19.05.17 Residential 44.1 51.6 47.9 55
Hadamtala 19.05.17 to 20.05.17 Residential 42.9 54.8 51.9 55
Bharudi 20.05.17 to 21.05.17 Residential 58.8 69.7 63.0 55
Ardoi 21.05.17 to 22.05.17 Residential 40.3 53.2 49.1 55
Shemla 22.05.17 to 23.05.17 Residential 45.7 53.6 48.9 55
Night time Monitoring
Sampling Location
Sampling Date Category Recorded level in dB(A) Limits Leq
(dB(A) ) Minimum Maximum Leq
Project Site 15.05.17 to 16.05.17 Industrial 46.1 50.5 48.1 70
Bhunava 16.05.17 to 17.05.17 Residential 43.6 54.0 50.6 45
Nana Maika 17.05.17 to 18.05.17 Residential 35.2 38.0 36.9 45
Nagadka 18.05.17 to 19.05.17 Residential 36.2 42.5 39.2 45
Hadamtala 19.05.17 to 20.05.17 Residential 39.5 38.7 42.5 45
Bharudi 20.05.17 to 21.05.17 Residential 37.0 44.3 41.7 45
Ardoi 21.05.17 to 22.05.17 Residential 35.0 42.0 38.6 45
Shemla 22.05.17 to 23.05.17 Residential 38.6 40.2 39.5 45
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3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Studies on Water Environment aspects of ecosystem is important for Environmental
Impact Assessment to identify sensitive issues and take appropriate action by
maintaining ‘ecological homeostasis’ in the early stages of development of the project.
The objective of this report is to define the present environment in which the proposed
action is to occur, to evaluate all possible eventualities, to ensure that all negative
impacts are minimized, and to demonstrate that proposed project has been
appropriately announced to all interested parties so that their concerns can be
considered.
Water quality studies have been carried out in the study area to understand the
availability of water resources, possibility of water contamination and existing water
quality.
3.3.1 Water Quality
Water of high quality is essential to human life, and water of acceptable quality is
essential for Agricultural, industrial, domestic and commercial uses; in addition, most
recreation is water based;
Therefore, major activities having potential effects on surface water are certain to be of
appreciable Concern to the consumers.
3.3.1.1 Sample collection and analysis
The water resources in the study area may be classified into two major categories like
Surface and Ground water sources.
Water samples were collected at 15 locations, out of which 7 samples were selected
from surface Sources and 8 samples selected from ground water sources for physico-
chemical and biological parameters. Parameters like pH, Temperature and DO analysed
at the time of sampling. For other Parameter analysis the samples were preserved as
per the recommended techniques for various Elemental determinations as per `IS:
3025 (part I) 1987’. These parameters were analyzed as per the procedures specified in
‘Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater’ Published by American
Public Health Association (APHA) / IS 3025. Ground water & Surface water samples
results were compared with IS: 10500 specifications. Baseline data of October 2016 to
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December 2016 is shown in Table 3.3.2 & 3.3.3. Ground water & Surface water
monitoring was also carried out in May 2017. The results are shown in Table 3.3.2.A &
3.3.3.A.
Figure 3.3.1 Photograph showing Ground water sample collection
Table: 3.3.1 Water Monitoring Locations
Codes Location Name Codes Location Name
GW1 Project site SW1 Vachhapar nadi
GW2 Bhunava SW2 Vachhapari talav
GW3 Nana mahika SW3 Jasuki nadi
GW4 Nagadka SW4 Veni talav
GW5 Hadamtala SW5 Champawadi nadi
GW6 Bharudi SW6 Gondli nadi – upstream
GW7 Ardoi SW7 Gondli nadi – downstream
GW8 Shemla
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Fig. 3.3.2 (A) Map showing SURFACE Water Monitoring Locations
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Fig. 3.3.2 (B) Map showing GROUND Water Monitoring Locations
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Method of Water Sampling
The following procedures were used while sampling:
Washing the bottles/cans with distilled water prior to the sampling
Before collection of water the bottles/cans are again washed 2-3 times with the same
water
For surface water, Bottles were lowered to a minimum depth of 30 cm below water
surface.
At each point Different sets of water samples were collected so as cover all the parameters
Proper attention is taken in proper numbering at the site
Sterilized bottles were used for the samples that are to be analyzed for bacteria
Civil supply water pipeline taps are sterilized before collection for bacteriological analysis
Parameters like pH, conductivity and temperature were analyzed in the field conditions
and the results were reconfirmed after getting to the laboratory. DO is fixed and titrated in
the field itself.
Appropriate preservatives are added, depending upon the elements to be analyzed and
marked accordingly (IS: 3025 (part I) 1987)
All the water samples collected in the ice box, were immediately transported to the
laboratory and free zed at <5oC analysis
Field observations were noted in the field notebook
As far as possible photographs were taken in almost all sampling pointsSampling & analysis
of all the parameters are as per APHA, 22nd Edition & IS: 3025.
3.3.1.2 Data Analysis
The physicochemical and biological analysis of the collected ground water & surface
water sample results are given in Table 3.3.2, 3.3.2.A & 3.3.3 & 3.3.3.A.
(October – December 2016)
The pH of the ground water samples varying from 7.28 to 8.28 indicating neutral. Other
parameters are found to be well within prescribed limits.
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(May – June 2017)
The pH of the ground water samples varying from 7.58 to 8.12 indicating neutral. Other
parameters are found to be well within prescribed limits.
Ground water is found as drinkable water and mostly all villages are using ground
water as drinking water source. They use pond water, if available, for other domestic
activities.
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Table 3.3.2 Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Ground Water (October – December
2016)
Note: BDL = Below Detection Limit, D.L. = Detection Limit, NS = Not Specified :
Permissible Limit is applicable in the absence of Alternate source
Sr. No. Parameters Project site
GW1 Bhunava
GW2 Nana
Maika GW3 Nagadka
GW4 Hadamtala
GW5 Acceptable
limit Permissible
Limit
1 pH 7.56 7.51 8.2 7.60 7.28 6.5-8.5 --
2 Temp(°C) 28 29 28 28 29 -- --
3 Color(CU) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4 EC(µS) 2276 1270 1135 1165 640 -- --
5 Turbidity(NTU) 7.0 9.4 9.8 15.8 8.4 1 5
6 Ammonical
Nitrogen(mg/L) 14.0 17.2 8.8 18.8 11.2 -- --
7 TDS (mg/L) 1548 864 772 792 428 500 2000
8 TS (mg/L) 1588 868 780 804 532 -- --
9 TSS (mg/L) 28 26 20 30 22 -- --
10 Chloride (mg/L) 240 210 140 210 35 250 1000
11 Sulphate (mg/L) 24.2 48 43.2 44 11.2 200 400
12 Total Hardness
(mg/L) 700 320 310 250 200 200 600
13 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 340 120 120 130 100 -- --
14 Mg Hardness
(mg/L) 360 200 190 120 100 -- --
15 Calcium (mg/L) 280.6 128.2 124.2 100.2 80.2 75 200
16 Magnesium (mg/L) 87.5 48.6 46.2 29.2 24.6 30 100
17 Alkalinity (mg/L) 210 220 200 190 B.D.L(DL=5) 200 600
18 Boron(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0
19 Nitrate(mg/L) 3 3.5 2.5 3.2 B.D.L(DL=0.1) 45 --
20 Phosphate(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
21 Fluoride(mg/L) 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.3 0.6 1.0 1.5
22 Iron(mg/L) 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 B.D.L(DL=0.2) 0.3 --
23 Na 14 18 19 16.0 2.0 -- --
24 K 0 1 2 0.0 1.0 -- --
25 COD(mg/L) 44 32 52 32 72 -- --
26 BOD(mg/L) 18.7 10 16.3 10.4 24.3 -- --
27 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Agr. Agr.
28 Nitrite (mg/L) 2.4 2.0 1.4 2.8 2.5 -- --
29 Total
Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
30 Fecal
Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
31 Chloramines
(mg/L) 2.3 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.6 4.0 --
32 E.Coli(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
33 Carbonate(mg/L) 0 0 0 0 0 - -
34 Bicarbonate(mg/L) 210 220 200 190 0 - -
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.26
Note: BDL = Below Detection Limit, D.L. = Detection Limit, NS = Not Specified :
Permissible Limit is applicable in the absence of Alternate source
Sr. No. Parameters Bharudi
GW6 Ardoi GW7
Shemla GW8
Acceptable limit Permissible Limit
1 pH 7.69 7.68 8.28 6.5-8.5 --
2 Temp(°C) 29 29 28 -- --
3 Color(CU) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4 EC(µS) 2012 1270 1876 -- --
5 Turbidity(NTU) 10.8 10.2 9.5 1 5
6 Ammonical
Nitrogen(mg/L) 17.2 15.2 18.4 -- --
7 TDS (mg/L) 1368 864 1276 500 2000
8 TS (mg/L) 1380 876 1280 -- --
9 TSS (mg/L) 25 21 27 -- --
10 Chloride (mg/L) 499.8 375 525 250 1000
11 Sulphate (mg/L) 51 39.5 49.3 200 400
12 Total Hardness
(mg/L) 510 210 420 200 600
13 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 220 60 170 -- --
14 Mg Hardness (mg/L) 290 150 250 -- --
15 Calcium (mg/L) 204.4 84.2 168.3 75 200
16 Magnesium (mg/L) 70.8 36.4 60.7 30 100
17 Alkalinity (mg/L) 240 200 180 200 600
18 Boron(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0
19 Nitrate(mg/L) 3.7 3.75 3.5 45 --
20 Phosphate(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
21 Fluoride(mg/L) 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.5
22 Iron(mg/L) 1.4 1.4 1.5 0.3 --
23 Na 20 10 19 -- --
24 K 1 0 0 -- --
25 COD(mg/L) 48 44 44 -- --
26 BOD(mg/L) 15.6 54.5 14.3 -- --
27 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Agr. Agr.
28 Nitrite(mg/L) 2.4 2.0 1.4 -- --
29 Total
Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
30 Fecal
Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
31 Chloramines(mg/L) 2.2 1.9 1.8 4.0 --
32 E.Coli(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
33 Carbonate(mg/L) 0 0 0 - -
34 Bicarbonate(mg/L) 240 200 180 - -
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.27
Table 3.3.2.A Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Ground Water (May-June 2017)
Sr. No.
Parameters Project site Bhunava Nana Maika Nagadka Acceptable
Limits Permissible
Limits 1.
pH 7.68 7.58 8.12 7.65 6.5-8.5 No
Relaxation 2. Temp(°C) 33.2 33.0 32.5 32.0 -- --
3. Color(cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4. EC(µS) 2179 1250 1029 1150 -- --
5. Turbidity(NTU) 6.3 8.2 7.2 8.6 1 5
6. Ammonical Nitrogen(mg/L)
13.2 16.0 8.4 16.2 -- --
7. TDS (mg/L) 1482 850 700 782 500 2000
8. TS (mg/L) 1511.0 878.0 718.0 814.0 -- --
9. TSS (mg/L) 29.0 28.0 18.0 32.0 -- --
10. Chloride as Cl (mg/L) 229.0 200.0 130.0 220.0 250 1000
11. Sulphate as SO4 (mg/L)
26.8 46.2 42.0 48.6 200 400
12. Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/L)
690.0 340.0 300.0 260.0 200 600
13. Ca Hardness (mg/L) 320.0 140.0 160.0 120.0 -- --
14. Mg Hardness (mg/L) 370.0 200.0 140.0 140.0 -- --
15. Calcium as Ca(mg/L) 128.3 56.1 64.1 48.1
75 200
16. Magnesium as Mg (mg/L)
91.8 49.6 34.7 34.7 30 100
17. Alkalinity as CaCO3 (mg/L)
220.0 210.0 190.0 200.0 200 600
18. Boron as B (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0
19. Nitrate as NO3(mg/L) 3.2 3.0 2.5 2.7
45 No Relaxation
20. Ortho Phosphate as P(mg/L)
B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
21. Fluoride as F (mg/L) 1.4 1.36 1.52 1.32 1 1.5
22. Iron as Fe(mg/L) 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.2
0.3 No relaxation
23. Sodium as Na (mg/L) 18 20 22 14 -- --
24. Potassium as K(mg/L) 0 1 2 0 -- --
25. COD (mg/L) 48 30 45 28 -- --
26. BOD (mg/L) 16.0 10.0 15.0 9.3 -- --
27. Carbonate (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) -- --
28. Bicarbonate (mg/L) 220.0 210.0 190.0 200.0 -- --
29. Odour
Unobjectionable
Unobjectionable
Disagreeable
Unobjectionable
Agreeable Agreeable
30. Nitrite (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
31. Total Coliform (MPN / 100 ml)
Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
32. Fecal Coliform (MPN / 100 ml)
Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.28
Sr. No
. Parameters Hadamtala Bharudi Ardoi Shemla
Acceptable Limits
Permissible Limits
1. pH 7.39 7.72 7.79 8.22
6.5-8.5 No Relaxation
2. Temp(°C) 32.4 32.8 33.2 33.4 -- --
3. Color(cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L (DL=5)
B.D.L (DL=5)
B.D.L (DL=5)
5 15
4. EC(µS) 632 1838 1265 1765 -- --
5. Turbidity(NTU) 8.0 9.2 8.4 9.8 1 5
6. Ammonical Nitrogen(mg/L)
11.4 17.0 15.4 16.6 -- --
7. TDS (mg/L) 430 1250 860 1200 500 2000
8. TS (mg/L) 454.0 1280.0 880.0 1226.0 -- --
9. TSS (mg/L) 24.0 30.0 20.0 26.0 -- --
10. Chloride as Cl (mg/L) 39.0 489.0 369.0 520.0 250 1000
11. Sulphate as SO4 (mg/L)
14.4 52.9 52.1 50.1 200 400
12. Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/L)
210.0 520.0 240.0 440.0 200 600
13. Ca Hardness (mg/L) 100.0 200.0 80.0 190.0 -- --
14. Mg Hardness (mg/L) 110.0 320.0 160.0 250.0 -- --
15. Calcium as Ca(mg/L) 40.1 80.2 32.1 76.2
75 200
16. Magnesium as Mg (mg/L)
27.3 79.4 39.7 62.0 30 100
17. Alkalinity as CaCO3 (mg/L)
B.D.L(DL=5) 180.0 160.0 140.0 200 600
18. Boron as B (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1)
B.D.L (DL=1)
B.D.L (DL=1)
0.5 1.0
19. Nitrate as NO3(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=0.1) 2.6 3.6 3.4
45 No Relaxation
20. Ortho Phosphate as P(mg/L)
B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L
(DL=1) B.D.L
(DL=1) -- --
21. Fluoride as F (mg/L) 0.62 1.64 1.42 1.29 1 1.5
22. Iron as Fe(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=0.2) 1.3 0.9 1.5
0.3 No relaxation
23. Sodium as Na (mg/L) 4 24 12 16 -- --
24. Potassium as K (mg/L) 1 2 1 0 -- --
25. COD (mg/L) 70 42 38 34 -- --
26. BOD (mg/L) 23.3 14.0 12.7 11.3 -- --
27. Carbonate (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L (DL=5)
B.D.L (DL=5)
-- --
28. Bicarbonate (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) 180.0 160.0 140.0 -- --
29. Odour
Unobjectionable
Unobjectionable
Unobjectionable
Unobjectionable
Agreeable Agreeable
30. Nitrite (mg/L)
B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1)
B.D.L(DL=1)
-- --
31. Total Coliform (MPN / 100 ml)
Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
32. Fecal Coliform (MPN / 100 ml)
Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.29
Table 3.3.3 Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Surface Water (October – December
2016)
Note:
BDL = Below Detection Limit, NS = Not Specifies
D.L. = Detection Limit, Unobj. = Un Objectionable
Sr No Parameters Jasuki Nadi
SW3 Veni Talav
SW4 Vachhapar Nadi SW1
Vachhapar Talav SW2
Champavadi Nadi SW5
Acceptable limit
Permissible Limit
1 pH 7.12 7.06 6.95 6.80 6.99 6.5-8.5 --
2 Temp(°C) 29 29 29 29 29 -- --
3 Color(Cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4 DO(mg/L) 5.9 5.8 6 5.8 5.9 -- --
5 EC(µS) 994 888 547 642 835 -- --
6 Turbidity(NTU) 3 2.6 3.4 3.8 2.9 1 5
7 Ammonical
Nitrogen(mg/L) 8.5 7.7 6.3 6.4 4.1 -- --
8 TDS (mg/L) 676 604 372 500 664 500 2000
9 TS (mg/L) 696 620 388 512 676 -- --
10 TSS (mg/L) 12 16 16 12 20 -- --
11 Chloride (mg/L) 200 170 115 160 215 250 1000
12 Sulphate (mg/L) 38.7 34.7 22.4 32.2 45.2 200 400
13 Total Hardness
(mg/L) 135 130 110 110 170 200 600
14 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 70 55 45 90 95 -- --
15 Mg Hardness (mg/L) 65 75 65 80.2 75 -- --
16 Calcium (mg/L) 54.1 52.1 44.1 21.9 68.1 75 200
17 Magnesium (mg/L) 15.8 18.2 15.8 90 18.2 30 100
18 Alkalinity (mg/L) 150 160 140 170 170 200 600
19 Boron(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0
20 Nitrate(mg/L) 3 3.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 45 --
21 Phosphate(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 1.4 B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
22 Fluoride(mg/L) 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.5
23 Iron(mg/L) 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.3 --
24 Sodium as Na (mg/L) 13 31 8 8 22 -- --
25 Potassium as K
(mg/L) 4 0 2 3 2 -- --
26 COD(mg/L) 32 28 20 32 24 -- --
27 BOD(mg/L) 11 9.3 7 11 8 -- --
28 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Agr. Agr.
29 Nitrite(mg/L) 1.9 2.0 1.6 3.0 2.4 Agr. Agr.
30 Total
Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
31 Fecal
Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
32 Chloramines(mg/L) 2.2 1.6 2.0 2.5 2.6 4.0 --
33 E.Coli(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
34 Carbonate(mg/L) 0 0 0 0 0 - -
35 Bicarbonate(mg/L) 150 160 140 170 170 - -
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.30
Note:
BDL = Below Detection Limit, NS = Not Specifies
D.L. = Detection Limit, Unobj. = Un Objectionable
Sr No Parameters Gondal Nadi
Upstream SW6
Gondal Nadi Downstream
SW7 Acceptable limit
Permissible Limit
1 pH 7.06 7.12 6.5-8.5 --
2 Temp(°C) 29 29 -- --
3 Color(Cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4 DO(mg/L) 6.6 6.2 -- --
5 EC(µS) 865 1018 -- --
6 Turbidity(NTU) 3.3 3.4 1 5
7 Ammonical
Nitrogen(mg/L) 4.1 4 -- --
8 TDS (mg/L) 640 720 500 2000
9 TS (mg/L) 648 728 -- --
10 TSS (mg/L) 16 12 -- --
11 Chloride (mg/L) 190 175 250 1000
12 Sulphate (mg/L) 51 50.2 200 400
13 Total Hardness
(mg/L) 155 190 200 600
14 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 60 110 -- --
15 Mg Hardness (mg/L) 95 80 -- --
16 Calcium (mg/L) 62.1 76.1 75 200
17 Magnesium (mg/L) 23.1 19.4 30 100
18 Alkalinity (mg/L) 130 140 200 600
19 Boron(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0
20 Nitrate(mg/L) 2 3 45 --
21 Phosphate(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
22 Fluoride(mg/L) 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.5
23 Iron(mg/L) 1.1 1.2 0.3 --
24 Sodium as Na (mg/L) 19 19 -- --
25 Potassium as K
(mg/L) 9 10 -- --
26 COD(mg/L) 28 28 -- --
27 BOD(mg/L) 9.3 9.3 -- --
28 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Agr. Agr.
29 Nitrite(mg/L) 1.6 1.9 -- --
30 Total
Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent
31 Fecal
Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent
32 Chloramines(mg/L) 1.8 2.0 4.0 --
33 E.Coli(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent
34 Carbonate(mg/L) 0 0 - -
35 Bicarbonate(mg/L) 130 140 - -
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.31
Table 3.3.3. A. Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Surface Water (May – June 2017)
Sr. No.
Parameters Jasuki Nadi Veni Talav Vachhapar Nadi Vachhapar
Talav Acceptable
Limits Permissible
Limits
1. pH 7.24 7.12 6.99 6.86 6.5-8.5 No
Relaxation
2. Temp(°C) 32.2 33.2 33.0 32.8 -- --
3. Color(cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4. DO(mg/L) 6.0 5.6 5.8 5.4 -- --
5. EC(µS) 1000.0 911.8 554.4 708.8 -- --
6. Turbidity(NTU) 3.2 2.8 3.0 3.6 1 5
7. Ammonical
Nitrogen(mg/L) 8.0 7.3 6.4 6.2 -- --
8. TDS (mg/L) 680.0 620.0 377.0 482.0 500 2000
9. TS (mg/L) 698.0 640.0 391.0 498.0 -- --
10. TSS (mg/L) 18.0 20.0 14.0 16.0 -- --
11. Chloride as Cl
(mg/L) 180.0 160.0 120.0 190.0 250 1000
12. Sulphate as SO4
(mg/L) 40.4 36.6 22.8 32.8 200 400
13. Total Hardness
as CaCO3 (mg/L) 140.0 120.0 100.0 110.0 200 600
14. Ca Hardness
(mg/L) 90.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 -- --
15. Mg Hardness
(mg/L) 50.0 80.0 40.0 30.0 -- --
16. Calcium as Ca(mg/L)
36.1 16.0 24.0 32.1 75 200
17. Magnesium as
Mg (mg/L) 12.4 19.8 9.9 7.4 30 100
18. Alkalinity as
CaCO3 (mg/L) 140 120 180 160 200 600
19. Boron as B
(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0
20. Nitrate as NO3
(mg/L) 3.2 3.4 3.0 2.6 45
No Relaxation
21. Phosphate as
P(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
22. Fluoride as F
(mg/L) 1.30 1.42 1.32 1.40 1 1.5
23. Iron as Fe
(mg/L) 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.3
No relaxation
24. Sodium as Na
(mg/L) 12.0 32.0 10.0 11.0 -- --
25. Potassium as K
(mg/L) 2.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 -- --
26. COD (mg/L) 26 30 18 30 -- --
27. BOD (mg/L) 8.7 10.0 6.0 10.0 -- --
28. Carbonate
(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5)
-- --
29. Bicarbonate
(mg/L) 140 120 180 160 -- --
30. Odour Unobjectionab
le Disagreeable Disagreeable
Unobjectionable
Agreeable Agreeable
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31. Nitrite (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
32. Total coliform
(MPN / 100 ml) 10 16 12 18 Absent Absent
33. Fecal coliform
(MPN / 100 ml) 3.0 4.8 3.6 5.4 Absent Absent
Sr. No.
Parameters Champavadi
Nadi Gondal Nadi
Upstream Gondal Nadi Downstrem
Acceptable Limits
Permissible Limits
1. pH 7.20 7.34 7.18 6.5-8.5 No
Relaxation
2. Temp(°C) 32.4 32.0 33.4 -- --
3. Color(cu) B.D.L (DL=5) B.D.L (DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15
4. DO(mg/L) 5.6 6.2 5.2 -- --
5. EC(µS) 988.2 958.8 1050.0 -- --
6. Turbidity(NTU) 2.9 2.8 3.4 1 5
7. Ammonical
Nitrogen(mg/L) 4.0 5.2 4.4 -- --
8. TDS (mg/L) 672.0 652.0 714.0 500 2000
9. TS (mg/L) 694.0 662.0 726.0 -- --
10. TSS (mg/L) 22.0 10.0 12.0 -- --
11. Chloride as Cl
(mg/L) 200.0 210.0 170.0 250 1000
12. Sulphate as SO4
(mg/L) 44.6 52.2 48.2 200 400
13. Total Hardness
as CaCO3 (mg/L) 180.0 160.0 170.0 200 600
14. Ca Hardness
(mg/L) 50.0 70.0 100.0 -- --
15. Mg Hardness
(mg/L) 130.0 90.0 70.0 -- --
16. Calcium as Ca(mg/L)
20.0 28.1 40.1 75 200
17. Magnesium as
Mg (mg/L) 32.2 22.3 17.4 30 100
18. Alkalinity as
CaCO3 (mg/L) 170 110 130 200 600
19. Boron as B
(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0
20. Nitrate as NO3
(mg/L) 2.4 2.0 2.8 45
No Relaxation
21. Phosphate as
P(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
22. Fluoride as F
(mg/L) 1.34 1.38 1.26 1 1.5
23. Iron as Fe
(mg/L) 1.0 1.3 0.9 0.3
No relaxation
24. Sodium as Na
(mg/L) 20.0 18.0 16.0 -- --
25. Potassium as K
(mg/L) 4.0 3.0 8.0 -- --
26. COD (mg/L) 22 20 28 -- --
27. BOD (mg/L) 7.3 6.7 9.3 -- --
28. Carbonate
(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5)
B.D.L(DL=5) -- --
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.33
29. Bicarbonate
(mg/L) 170 110 130 -- --
30. Odour Disagreeable Unobjection
able Unobjectionable Agreeable Agreeable
31. Nitrite (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --
32. Total coliform
(MPN / 100 ml) 14 20 15 Absent Absent
33. Fecal coliform
(MPN / 100 ml) 4.2 6.0 4.5 Absent Absent
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.34
3.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT
Land and ecology study is important for Environmental Impact Assessment to identify
sensitive issues and take appropriate action by maintaining ‘ecological homeostasis’ in
the early stages of development of the project. The objective of this report is to define
the present environment in which the proposed action is to occur, to evaluate all the
possible eventualities, to ensure that all negative impacts are minimized and to
demonstrate that the proposed project has been appropriately announce to all the
interested parties so that their concerns can be considered.
For this purpose baseline data (biotic and abiotic factors) has been studied around 10
km radius of the project. This data has been generated during October 2016 – December
2016. Soil Monitoring was also carried out in May 2017. Soil analysis results are shown in
Table 3.4.2 & 3.4.2.A.
3.4.1 METHODOLOGY OF SAMPLE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Soil
For soil quality analysis 8 sampling sites were chosen to understand physico-chemical
and biological status of the soil. Photograph showing soil sampling is shown in Fig. 3.4.1
and the sampling sites are marked in Fig. 3.4.2. This will establish the baseline
characteristics and will facilitate identifying the contamination if any due to the
proposed project.
Collection of soil samples and analysis
Disturbed soil samples were collected from the rotary cuttings and bailers and also
from split spoon samplers. Un-disturbed tube samples were collected using thin walled
tubes. Soil samples were collected such that structure and moisture content of the soil
do not get altered. In accordance with IS: 2720, split samples were carefully extracted
from the samplers.
Meticulous was paid to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for
analysis. The samples were packed in dependable, waterproof containers and marking
specified accurately and distinctly. All the soil samples and core boxes were carefully
transported to the testing laboratory.
All ‘Soil sampling and analysis’ will be followed and done by Indian Standard IS – 2720.
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Figure: 3.4.1 Photograph showing soil sample collection
Parameters analyzed for soil samples were Electrical Conductivity, pH, Nitrogen, Phosphorus,
Potassium, Organic Carbon %, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Sulphate, Bulk Density, etc.
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.36
Fig. 3.4.2 Map showing Soil Sampling Locations
Table: 3.4.1 Soil sampling Location
Codes Station Name
S1 Project site
S2 Bhunava
S3 Nana mahika
S4 Nagadka
S5 Hadamtala
S6 Bharudi
S7 Ardoi
S8 Shemla
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3.4.2 SOIL DATA ANALYSIS
Data Analysis (October – December 2016)
The pH of the soil extract varied from 6.56 to 7.49. The EC varied from 0.21 to 1.55
mS/cm indicating average type soils. Organic matter in soils ranged from 0.61 to 3.06 %
revealing the distribution more than sufficient. Cation exchange capacity ranged
between 57.22 to 89.32 meq/100gm. Total Phosphorus levels ranged between 0.54 to
4.46 mg/kg. Soil potassium varied from 6.01 to 35.76 meq/100gm. Sodium varied from
26.8 meq/100gm TO 51.7 meq/100gm.
Table: 3.4.2 Physicochemical Parameters of the soil (October – December 2016)
Sr. No.
Parameter Unit Project Site S1
Bhunava S2
Nana Mahika
S3
Nagdaka S4
Hadmatala S5
Bharudi S6
Ardoi S7
Shemla S8
1 pH -- 7.03 7.01 7.4 6.92 7.49 6.56 6.79 7.31
2 Organic Matter % 1.01 0.73 0.61 0.943 0.83 3.06 0.84 2.76
3 Total Phosphorous
mg/kg BQL 1.087 BQL 0.54 0.65 4.46 BQL 2.5
4 Electrical Conductivity
mS/cm 0.53 0.37 0.67 0.66 1.55 0.71 0.21 0.4
5 Sodium meq/100gm 38.35 33.1 51.7 40.15 31 49.15 36.55 26.8
6 Potassium meq/100gm 6.6 12.25 23.53 14.82 35.76 17.44 6.01 15.47
7 Cation Exchange Capacity
meq/100gm 66.85 58.12 87.35 68.52 89.32 88.7 58.1 57.22
8 Water Holding Capacity
% 43.91 34.97 22.69 63.9 41.97 49.98 42.28 31.71
9 SAR -- 11.45 11.0 19.6 13.4 9.33 14.91 12.9 9.47
BQL = Below Quantification Limit
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Data Analysis (May – June 2017)
The pH of the soil extract varied from 6.60 to 7.42. The EC varied from 0.23 to 1.60
mS/cm indicating average type soils. Organic matter in soils ranged from 0.58 to 4.02 %
revealing the distribution more than sufficient. Cation exchange capacity ranged
between 54.23 to 90.5 meq/100gm. Total Phosphorus levels ranged between 0.60 to
5.23 mg/kg. Soil potassium varied from 7.2 to 40.4 meq/100gm. Sodium varied from
24.8 meq/100gm To 52.2 meq/100gm.
Table: 3.4.2.A. Physicochemical Parameters of the soil (May – June 2017)
Sr. No.
Parameters Unit Project Site
Bhunava Nana Maika
Nagadka Hadamtala Bharudi Ardoi Shemla
1. pH@25°C - 7.11 7.08 7.34 6.98 7.42 6.60 6.82 7.35
2. Organic Matter
% 0.85 0.66 0.58 0.90 0.80 4.02 0.86 2.72
3. Total Phosphorus
mg/kg
B.D.L 1.056 B.D.L 0.60 0.68 5.23 B.D.L 2.2
4. EC mS/ cm
0.54 0.35 0.64 0.70 1.60 0.75 0.23 0.38
5. Sodium meq/ 100 gm
40.2 31.4 52.2 42.2 34.2 52.2 38.7 24.8
6. Potassium meq/ 100 gm
7.2 11.8 25.4 16.8 40.4 20.4 7.5 14.8
7. Cation Exchange capacity
meq/ 100 gm
68.81 54.23 84.56 70.25 90.45 90.5 56.3 55.4
8. Water Holding Capacity
% 44.74 30.24 20.78 66.8 44.89 50.23 44.38 28.81
9. SAR - 12.6 10.4 17.6 14.8 10.2 15.23 13.4 8.45
B.D.L. = Below Detectable Limit
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3.4.3 GEO-HYDROLOGICAL FEATURES
Introduction:-
Gondal is the town with Taluka place in Rajkot district, in Gujarat state. Gondal is situated at a distance about 30 km from Rajkot city.Ground water has been the main source of water supply. The demand for water increased with increasing population, agricultural activities, steeping up of industrialition and observations formed the basis of striking ground water in past. The present report in corporate, Hydrogeology & ground water scenario based on the scientific information with special reference to Recharge Activity in Gondal Taluka to envisage appropriate remedial measures keeping environmental impact of Gondal development in view for the request of T. R. Associates – Ahmedabad under Environment impact assessment Program.
Land / Soil Characteristic :-
The soils are generally developed from Basaltic formation and are coarse in texture with satisfactory internal drainage. The sub soil conditions below the existing ground level are almost uniform in nature. Sub soil is composed of Clay mixed with little fine grained silty sand, moram and Kankar with low resistivity due to clay and soil moisture. The area is covered with recent to sub recent alluvial deposits comprising of brownish clay mixed with little fine grained sand, silty sand. The Soil below ground level consists of top silty low plastic soil layer having no swelling nature. Blockish brown to yellowish brown clayey silt or sand silt layer extends to the depth of 2 to 3 mts.
Topography :-
In Gondal Taluka rainfall is normal but due to the topography and hard and compact basaltic track as basement rock a major amount of rain water goes as run off to sea. Therefore the sustainability of drinking water sources remains unsolved in the area. Gondal area has diverse landscape made up of hills valleys pediplain plateau. The terrain slope is westerly in south. Number of major rivers drains the area. Godali & Chaparvadi River is flowing near Gondal.
Climate:-
The Climate of the area is dry and semi arid in southern belt of Gujarat. Range of Average Temp is 42° to 45°C in summer and 10° to 18°C in winter.
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General Information of Taluka – Gondal :-
Total number of villages = 81
Total area of Taluka in Sq. Kms.= 1193.50
Saline area = NIL.
Fresh water area = 1193.50 Sq.Kms.
Hard rock area = 1193.50 Sq.Kms.
Aluminum area = NIL.
Feasibility =Open well , DCB, DTH Bores
Quality of Groundwater = Potable
Ground water Balance – 74.01 MCM/ Year
Geology:-
Geologically the area of Gondal town is occupied by thin alluvium formation and Basalt rock formation. The thickness of alluvium in the area is about 1 to 2 mts. Alluvium occurring in out fall areas of Bhadar Rivers. Mesozoic Era: System: Cretaceo Eocene (over 1200m) bottom not reached. Rock Unit: Basaltic lavas (Deccan Traps) with intertrappeans. Facies and Environment of deposition of continental fissure eruptions and fluvial lacustrines (Intertrappeans) are occupied in major part of Gondal Taluka. Many varieties of basaltic rocks are known to occur and apart from typical dark grey fine grained variety, layer of amygdaloidal and porphysitic basalts are also common. It has no primary porosity & permeability but the fractures, weathered zones, fissures, dyke & lineament present in it, to provide secondary porosity. A lineament is an interesting structure in basalt rock important for ground water movement, stoppage and storage. Basalts are generally formed by cooling of lave flows and the rock itself can be identified by its dark tone. During cooling of lave and formation of a rock, joints develop. Joints have strike, dip and spacing, some joints structurally, disturbed and they develop fractures. Such fractures and closely spaced joints have a linear extension. So they can be seen on imagery as a line. Adyke is an intrusion in the country rock giving a distinct linear effect on the surface they obstruct the normal ground water flow and surface water movement. Weathered and fractures dykes are more productive as well as recharging purpose. Fracture zones forming the course of existing drainage are more productive as well as recharging purpose.
Rainfall:-
Dependable Rainfall = 729 mm
Last 30 year average Rainfall = 627 mm
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Geohydrology:-
The Litho logical logs of bore wells of Pvt. and Govt. agencies in and around Gondal Taluka have been studied to understand the subsurface geology and the aquifer system. Hydro geologically, major aquifer in the area is formed by fissured, fractured & weathered rock formation constituted by basaltic lava flows of Deccan Traps period in the south. In hard rocks, ground water occurs mainly under unconfined condition in the weathered mantle. Providing of adequate quantity of water in the Gondal Taluka areas, geohydrologically basalt rocks are poor aquifers. The formation has poor ground water potential. Ground water just does not occur everywhere in this rock type.
Feasibility of Source at Gondal Taluka :-
Area around Gondal Taluka is checked on ground water prospect Map, prepared by National Remote Sensing Agency, Dept. of SPAC, G.O.I. Hyderabad, map sheet no. 41J16 for feasibility of source along Gondali & Chaparvadi river course. The detail is as under
Map unit : - Hydro geomorphic unit PWS4
Geological sequence :- Upper cretaceous of Eocene Deccan Volcanic
Rock type :- Basalt Flows at gramtal (4)- amygdaloidal – 182-157 m MSL
Geomorphic Units & Land forms
PWS – 4 Plateau weathered Shallow 182 to 157 m MSL
Depth of water level :- for Dugwell - 19 mts., Borewell – 20 to 33 mts
Recharge condition :- Limited
Aquifer material weathered rock (WR) Fracture rock (FR)
Type of well suitable :- D.W.-Dugwell, B.W. Borewell
B.W. depth 130 to 180 mts. – yields 50 to 100 LPM
Homogeneity in the unit :- Moderate
Quality of water :- Portable
Ground water irrigated area :- 20 to 25 %
Recharge structure suitable :- RW (Recharge Well) , RP (Recharge Pit),
CD (Checked Dam)
Problems/limitations of the area
Amygdaloidal Basalt under fractured and fissured conditions from the aquifer.Brackish water is reported from Ardoi, Sapar, Hadmatia and Kotada Saugani villages.
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3.4.3.1 Drainage Pattern:-
The area has a drainage pattern which is of the parallel and trellis type and which is
controlled by the topography and structure and tectonics of the region. All the small
streams flow from the higher grounds and meet ultimately Chaparvadi River which flow
from North East to South West direction near project area. The area Drainage ultimately
meets with Gondali River.
Area has diverse landscape made up of small hills, valley, drainage flow, Platue and
alluvium plain. Due to terrain constraint it is necessary to adopt proper soil conservation
and sand water development and management practice for w/s in sustained basis.
Because of short span of monsoon season and limited storage capacity and rapid cut
flow for hard rock aquifers, that is need to provide ground water recharge facilities to
supplement its which drawl at a time of summer.
As various components of the hydrologic system-Catchment runoff, base flow and
ground water an integrated at the level of river basins, river basin should be the unit of
governance and management of water resource such a system of governance will
ensure integration of physical sustainability consideration and the social economical and
environmental consideration in water resources management.
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3.4.4 LAND USE STATUS
Introduction
The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radius study area from the project site has
been prepared using IRS P6 LISS-III satellite image procured from NRSC (National Remote
sensing Centre), Hyderabad. Land use pattern of the study area as well as the catchment
area was carried out by standard methods of analysis of remotely sensed data and
followed by ground truth collection (Bench mark) and interpretation of satellite data.
The outcome of land use study has been presented below in subsequent table and
figures. The data was processed through ArcGIS Software tools available with ESRI
Package. The Land use map of the 10 Km study area is presented in Figure 3.4.3.
Land use & land cover classification results
Land Cover is the physical material at the surface of the earth (it include grass, asphalt,
trees, bare ground, water, etc.) whereas Land use is the human use of land.
Land Use involves the management and modification of natural environment or
wilderness into built environment such as fields, pastures, and settlements. It has also
been defined as "the arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain
land cover type to produce, change or maintain it".
There is no one ideal classification of land use and land cover, and it is unlikely that one
could ever be developed. There are different perspectives in the classification process,
and the process itself tends to be subjective, even when an objective numerical
approach is used.
Concepts concerning land cover and land use activity are closely related and in many
cases have been used interchangeably. The purposes for which lands are being used
commonly have associated types of cover, whether they are forest, agricultural,
residential, or industrial.
Remote sensing image-forming devices do not record activity directly. The remote
sensor acquires a response which is based on many characteristics of the land surface,
including natural or artificial cover. The interpreter uses color, tones, textures, shapes,
size, patterns, and site associations to derive information about land use activities from
what is basically information about land cover.
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To begin with, there is considerable diversity of opinion about what constitutes land use,
although present use of land is one of the characteristics that are widely recognized as
significant for planning and management purposes.
The classification must be scientifically defensible presenting a logical progression of its
applicability over large areas, amenable for use with remote sensor data. The
classification scheme is adopted for extracting information for on most possible land
use/land cover classes in general and all the agricultural seasons in particular and hence
enable to repeat the process at regular time intervals.
The present Land use / Land cover map for the proposed project activity is prepared by
current vintage of satellite image. This report thus will enable assessing the impact on
land use pattern in the study area due to the proposed project activity.
(A) DATA USED
Current vintage data of Indian Remote Sensing satellite IRS P6 LISS III digital FCC
(False Color Composite) has been used for preparation of Land use/ Land cover
thematic map of study area. Survey of India toposheet as a reference map on
1:50,000 scale have been used for preparation of base layer data like road, rail
network, village and mine site and for geo referencing of satellite image.
Technical Details
Satellite Image - IRS P6 LISS III
Satellite Data Source - NRSC, Hyderabad
Software Used - Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) Imagine 9.2 and
Arc Gis 10.
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(B) METHODOLOGY
Land use / Land cover map preparation, Base map creation; Geometric and
Radiometric correction of satellite image has been processed using ERDAS Imagine
9.2 Software.
Salient features of the adopted methodology are given below:
Acquisition of satellite data.
Preparation of base map from Survey of India toposheets.
Data analysis using visual interpretation techniques.
Ground truth studies or field checks.
Finalization of the map.
Digitization using heads up vectorisation method.
Area calculation for statistics generation.
(C) INTERPRETATION OF REMOTE SENSING DATA
Satellite images are composed of array of grid, each grid has a numeric value that is
known as digital number. Smallest unit of this grid is known as a pixel that captures
reflectance of ground features represented in terms of Digital number, each
representing specific land features. Using image classification technique, the
satellite data is converted into thematic information, map based on the user’s
knowledge about the ground area. Hybrid technique has been used i.e. visual
interpretation and digital image processing for identification of different land use
and vegetation cover classes based on spectral signature of geographic feature.
Spectral signature represents various land use classes. Image interpretation keys are
developed based on image characteristics like color, tone, size, shape, texture,
pattern, shadow, association etc, which enables interpretation of satellite images
for ground feature. Training sites are then assigned based on their spectral signature
and interpretation elements. Using image classification algorithm land use map is
generated.
A total of seven land use/land cover classes have been demarcated in the study area
following Level I, II and III classification (Table 3.4.3). A thematic map suitable for
1:25,000 scale map generation incorporating these classified categories has been
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prepared and considering that the area of the project is considerably small a large
scale map is prepared (Fig.3.4.3). The area as a whole represents plain area with
very gentle sloping to nearly level area & river (Chhaparwadi and Gondli) flowing
from north to south. Medium level industrial zone covered for 1.73 km2, the total
land area of scrub land covered 38.8 km2 and 251.07 km2 area covered under
agriculture land.
The adjoining area of project site is totally agricultural land including Kharif, Rabi
and summer crop, constitute the dominant category of land use covering as much as
251.07 km2 of the total area. Active river canal forming the perennial water body
together with the numerous open & wastelands form a major and minor land cover
category. Active River and its tributaries flowing into it cover about 11.87 km2 of the
total project area. Due to large seasonal variation in discharge of these rivers, the
area coverage of this category various in space and time. The consistently shifting
nature of the (canal name) and consequent bank migration has resulted in large
uncultivated & rural settlement along the active plain area towards the site location.
These areas are village pond and waterbody in the development area of the project
site and are located within the uncultivated land areas significant distribution. The
land use for settlement is mostly confined to
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Table: 3.4.3 Land Use Land Cover
Sr.No.
LULC Class Area (KM2) Percentage
1 Settlement 9.41 3.0
2 Industry 1.73 0.55
3 Agriculture 251.07 79.92
4 Waterlogged 0.12 0.04
5 Land with dense scrub 1.15 0.36
6 Land with open scrub 38.8 12.35
7 River 11.87 3.78
TOTAL 314.15 100
Fig. 3.4.2.1 Pie chart showing LULC class and percentage.
The ‘rural and urban settlement’ (built up-rural) 9.41 Km2 and land without scrub
feature 1.15 Km2 of the total area & as such there is no current fallow land because
the satellite used is of March month when most of the crop is towards senence or
maturity .
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Fig. 3.4.3 Land use and Land cover map of the 10 km radius of the study area
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Fig. 3.4.4 Satellite Image of the 10 km radius of the study area
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Fig. 3.4.5 Infrastructure Map of the 10 km radius of the study area
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3.4.5 TOPOGRAPHY
The area of the project site (M/s. SWASTIK LAMINATES) is located in the CENTRAL part
of RAJKOT DISTRICT of Gujarat state.
The topographic feature & drainage pattern of the study area has been studied from
SRTM3, 2008 data having resolution of 3 arc seconds. The toposheet have been
analysed using GIS application to generate the contour line at interval of 10 Kms
considering one elevated area in the study region. Further, the digital elevation data
have been analysed to determine the slope & elevation profiles of the each individual
villages of the study area as well as whole study area to ascertain the landform of the
villages and study area.
It has been observed that the majority study area is levelled plain to nearly level with
small slopes. Two areas in the study region have been noticed with considerably gentle
slope near village Ribda making the landform of small slopes indicating small plain with
the elevation profile. Over all slope direction of the study area is noticed towards south
to north.
The maximum elevation and higher slope is found near northern part of Sindhavadar,
Lunivav, and Bhojpara village where a medium height is situated.
The generated streams indicated that the most of the area are covered by two main
stream ie Chhaparwadi and Gondli river flowing from North to South.
Topography of the area is characterized by dominating plain area with very gentle
sloping to nearly level area.
DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL
Digital Elevation Models are data files that contain the elevation of the terrain over a
specified area, usually at a fixed grid interval over the "Bare Earth". The intervals
between each grid points will always be referenced to some geographical coordinate
system. This is usually either latitude-longitude or UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator)
coordinate systems. The closer are together the grid points, more detailed information
will be in the file. The detail s of the peaks and valleys in the terrain will be better
modelled with small grid spacing than when the grid interval is very large. Elevations
other than at the specific grid point locations are not contained in the file. As a result
peak points and valley points not coinciding with the grid will not be recorded in the file.
For practical purpose this "Bare Earth" DEM is generally synonymous with a Digital
Terrain Model (DTM).
(A) DATA USED
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DEM Data: Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data
Software Used: ERDAS Imagine 9.2 & Arc GIS 10.
PHYSIOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE PATTERN
The area of the project site is located in the central part of Rajkot District of Gujarat
state. Topography of the area is characterized by very gentle sloping area to level to
nearly level. A Seasonal river, i .e. Chhaparwadi and Gondli River, drains through the
study area.
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Fig. 3.4.6 Topography map of the 10 km radius of the study area
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3.4.6 ECOLOGY
3.4.6.1 Compilation of available information and rapid reconnaissance
Status of land use and habitat types was studied within the 5 km radius identified
as the buffer zone of the proposed project site. In addition, rapid survey of the
project area has been conducted to identify existing major habitat types within it
(Wilderness area; Reserve Forest, Open Scrub and Prosopis Dense; Agriculture
hedges and along road side; Wasteland and gauchar land; and Wetlands: village
ponds, tanks, small nallah and riverine). The following areas under each habitat
category been surveyed for collection of biodiversity data:
Riverine/wetland/
Nallah
Forest/
Open Scrub
Agriculture
Hedge/Road side
Wasteland/
Gauchar
- in and around the
riverine and rivulets
- nearest ponds of
each village
- dry nallahas
-Nr.Gundala
-Nr.Daliya
-Nr.Hadamtala
-Nr.Gundasara
-Androl-Solia road
-Daliya and Munja
road
-Vejagam road
-Umwada road
-Nr.Pipalia
-Nr.Gundasara area
-Nr.Umwada village
-Nr.Wachhara area
Collection and collation of project related secondary information from client and
consultant.
After several consultation with project authority and based on available areas
under each habitat, the number of plots and size of plots been finalized and
selected plots are eventually distributed and systematic sampling design been
employed for collection of biodiversity data within buffer zone.
3.4.6.2 Intensive survey and compilation of primary field data
Intensive field approach involved mainly the survey-based primary data collection
on various biodiversity components of the project objectives.
The field data collection mainly included biodiversity assessment of different life
forms of floral species such as: trees, shrubs, climbers, herbs and grass. Status of
floral diversity was assessed in representative habitats of each type like;
wastelands which include: open scrub forest and Prosopis juliflora thickets, semi-
wilderness area, agricultural hedge, near human habitation, plantation, stream
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.55
and river beds and wetlands (inland).
Faunal diversity was also assessed by inventorying the major group like herpeto-
fauna, birds and mammals.
Status of herpeto-fauna was assessed using Intensive Time Constrained Search
Method covering different micro habitats (Welsh, 1987, Welsh and Lind 1991).
This intensive search was made in different habitat types randomly selected.
Avifaunal status was assessed both in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Total count
or flock count method was adopted to assess the status of aquatic birds in the
existing water bodies (Sridharan 1989 and Bhupathy 1991). Point count method
was used to assess the status of terrestrial birds (Bibby et al., 1992 and Hutto et
al., 1986). The second technique adopted was area search method (Dieni and
Jones 2002), a time area constrained survey technique that has been widely and
commonly used in several bird monitoring programs.
Status and distribution of different mammal species was quantified using Direct
count Vehicle transects (travelling between the sampling location) (Burnham et
al. 1980) and indirect evidences within the survey areas (Rodgers 1988 and Sale
and Berkmuller, 1988). Indirect evidences like, Pellet, dung, tracks (Thommpson
et al 1989, Allen et al 1996), scat count (Henke and knowlton 1995) and other
signs were enumerated using standered method for nocturnal species (Daniels
1992). Presence of different faunal species was also substantiated by interviewing
the local people and experts with pictorial representation.
In addition to the field survey information on various wildlife species in and
around the project sites were collected through village survey and interviewing
the maldharies (traditional livestock grazers). This information was used to
estimate the numbers of the significant species exist within buffer zone, and their
possible movement pattern between diverse habitats.
Secondary information (published and un-published) on the status of the wildlife
species from different sources was also gathered and discussed.
3.4.6.3 Biodiversity Status
This section discuses the ecological status of biota for the M/s. Swastik Laminates.
The baseline status of biota (plant and animals) discussed at various site-specific as
well as habitat specific.
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3.4.6.4 BIODIVERSITY STATUS - FLORA
A. Taxonomical Status
Within the sample plots of the study areas, a total of 130 plant species belong
to 112 genera and 53 families were recorded. In addition, dicotyledons are
dominant plant group and represented by 118 species (90.77%) (Table 3.4.4).
In addition, maximum species (104 Nos.) were recorded from agriculture
habitat and followed by wasteland/habitation habitat (98 species) and wetland
areas (47 species) (Table 3.4.12).
Table 3.4.4 Taxonomic Status of plant species: M/s. Swastik Laminates.
Taxonomical status Dicotyledons Monocotyledons Overall
Families 48 5 53
Genera 101 11 112
Species 118 12 130
Relative % 90.77 % 9.23 % 100 %
B. Status of Life form
Study area reported 130 plant species and they formed 14 sub-categories of
lifeforms within five main categories. Among the life forms, herb was
dominated by recording 50 species and contributed maximum of 38.46% of the
total list of plants followed by trees (36 species and 27.70 %). Third dominating
life form was shrub species (25) and shared 19.23 %. The contribution of other
life forms was less than 10% of the species list (Table 3.4.5).
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Fig. 3.4.6.1 Life form Status of plant species in percentage.
Table 3.4.5 Life form Status of plant species: M/s. Swastik Laminates.
Life Form Nos. Relative %
Herb Aquatic Herb 1 50 38.46
Herb 49
Grass Grass 8 9 6.92
Sedge 1
Climber Climber 6
10 7.69 Parasite 1
Twiner 2
Woody Twiner 1
Shrub Sarmentose Shrub 1
25 19.23 Shrub 13
Straggling Shrub 4
Under Shrub 7
Tree Tree 29 36 27.70
Small Tree 7
TOTAL 130 130 100.00
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C. Common/Domestic Tree species
Only 13 common tree species were identified with a total of 36 trees within the
sample plots of the study area. Among the species, Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta
indica and Cassia siamea was enumerated maximum times in and around the
settlement areas (Table 3.4.6 & 3.4.12).
Table 3.4.6 Common Tree species: M/s. Swastik Laminates.
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family
1
Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.
subsp. indica(Bth.) Brenan
Deshi Baval,
Bavar Tree Mimosaceae
2 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. MotoArduso Tree Simaroubaceae
3 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Bth. Karo Sirish Tree Mimosaceae
4 Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Limbdo, Neem Tree Meliaceae
5 Cassia siamea Lam. Kasid Tree Caesalpiniaceae
6 Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gulmohor Tree Caesalpiniaceae
7 Derris indica (Lam.) Bennet Karanj Tree Fabaceae
8 Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Nilgiri Tree Myrtaceae
9 Ficus benghalensis L. Vad Tree Moraceae
10 Ficus religiosa L. Piparo, Piplo Tree Moraceae
11
Leucaena latisiliqua (L.) Wt.
& Arn. Liso Bavar Tree Mimosaceae
12
Peltophorum pterocarpum
(DC.) Backer ex Heyne Tamrafali Tree Caesalpiniaceae
13
Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.)
Thw. Asopalav Tree Annonaceae
D. Wild/Forest Tree Species
Within the study area only 5 wild/forest tree species have been recorded which
were belonging to 5 families and 5 genera. Since the area are dominant with
agriculture habitat, and hence, very few trees were recorded under this category
(Table 3.4.7 & 3.4.12) and it indicates low density of wild tree species in and
around the study area.
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Table 3.4.7 Wild/Forest Tree species: M/S. Swastik Laminates.
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family
1 Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. Hingor, Ingoriyo Small Tree Balanitaceae
2
Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.)
Planch. Kanaji Tree Ulmaceae
3 Limonia acidissima L. Kothi, Kotha Tree Rutaceae
4 Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Khijado Tree Mimosaceae
5 Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. Mota Bor Small Tree Rhamnaceae
E. Status of Agriculture Crops
Based on the intensive field survey in and around the agricultural area and dialogue
with the local farmers a total of 8 species have been listed from the study area as
crop species. The crops list includes 4 grains & commercial, 2 fruits and 2 vegetable
species. Fruit and vegetable crops were found cultivated along the agricultural
hedges in a small extent of area (Table 3.4.8 & 3.4.12). In the study area, Kapas
(Gossypium herbaceum) and Tuver (Cajanus Cajan) are the major crops cultivated
extensively.
Table 3.4.8 List of Agriculture and Commercial Crop Species Recorded:
M/s. Swastik Laminates
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Season
1 Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)
Moench
Bhinda,
Bhindo
Under
Shrub Malvaceae
Winter
2 Capsicum annuum L. Marchi Herb Solanaceae Winter
3 Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Tuver Herb Fabaceae Monsoon
4
Gossypium herbaceum auct.
Non L. var. acerifolium
(Guill. & Perr.) Chevalier
Kapas Shrub Malvaceae
Monsoon
5 Ricinus communis L. Divela,
Aranda Shrub Euphorbiaceae
Monsoon
6 Manilkara zapota (L.) Van
Royen Chiku Tree Sapotaceae
Summer
7 Mangifera indica L. Ambo, Keri Tree Anacardiaceae Summer
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Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Season
8 Pennisetum typhoides A.
Rich. Bajri, Bajaro Grass Poaceae
Fodder
3.4.6.5 Biodiversity - Status of Fauna
A. Herpetofauna
The buffer zone area covering 5 km radius reported overall 7 species belong to 7 genus
and 6 families. Within the buffer zone, among the habitats types maximum of five
species were enered along the Dhavat village (discussed and collected information from
local people) followed by three species in agriculture areas and two species in other
habitats (Table 3.4.9).
Table: 3.4.9.Taxonomical Status of Herpetofauna: M/s. Swastik Laminates.
Family & Species name Common and Local Name IUCN Status
FROGS/ Ranidae
1 Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis Skittering Frog (Dedako) LR-nt
LIZARDS/ Gekkonidae
2 Hemidactylus brookii Spotted Indian House Gecko
(Garodi) LR-lc
AGAMIDS/ Agamidae
3 Calotes versicolor Indian Garden Lizard (Kachindo) LR-nt
4 Sitana ponticeriana Fan-Throated Lizard (Kachindi) LR-lc
SNAKES/ Boidae
5 Eryx johnii Eastern Red Sand Boa (Dhomalo) LR-lc
SNAKES/ Colubridae
6 Ptyas mucosa Indian Rat Snake (Nag) LR-nt
TURTLES/ Trionychidae
7 Lissemys punctata
Indian Mud or Flap-shell Turtle
(Kachbo)
-
LR-nt- Lower risk near threatened and LR-Ic- Lower risk least concern
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2. Birds (Terrestrial and Aquatic)
Status of terrestrial and aquatic birds was assessed during latter part of winter and
summer and reported a total of 38 species belongs to 37 genera and 31 families in the
buffer zone of study area (Table 3.4.10). Habitat specific abundance resulted more
contribution was from agriculture and habitation areas; and there is no any permanent
aquatic habitat existing within it, therefore during the study period aquatic avifauna was
reported from the nearby wetland and reservoir.
Table 3.4.10 Overall Status of Terrestrial and Aquatic Birds:
M/s. Swastik Laminates
S. No. Order, Family and Species Common English Name MS Sch. FG
GALLIRORMES
Phasianidae
1 Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl R I G
ANSERIFORMES
Anatidae
2 Sarkidiornis melanotos Comb Duck R IV A
UPUPIFORMES
Upupidae
3 Upupa epops Common Hoopoe RM IV I
CORACIIFORMES
Coraciidae
4 Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller R IV I
Alcedinidae
5 Alcedo Hercules Common Kingfisher R IV P
Dacelonidae
6 Halcyon smyrnensis White-throated Kingfisher R IV P
Cerylidae
7 Ceryle rudis Lesser Pied Kingfisher R IV P
Meropidae
8 Merops orientalis Green Bee-eater R IV I
CUCULIFORMES
Cuculidae
9 Eudynamys scolopacea Asian Koel R IV F
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S. No. Order, Family and Species Common English Name MS Sch. FG
Centropodidae
10 Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal R IV O
PSITTACIFORMES
Psittacidae
11 Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed Parakeet R IV F
APODIFORMES
Apodidae
12 Apus affinis House(Little) Swift R IV I
STEIGIFORMES
Strigidae
13 Athene brama Spotted Owlet R IV C
COLUMBIFORMES
Columbidae
14 Columba livia Rock Pigeon R IV G
15 Streptopelia tranquebarica Red-collared Dove R IV G
GRUIFORMES
Rallidae
16 Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen R IV A
17 Fulica atra Common Coot R IV A
CICONIFORMES
Scolopacidae
18 Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper R IV A
Charadriidae
19 Vanellus indicus Red-wattled Lapwing R IV I
Accipitridae
20 Accipiter badius Shikra R I C
21 Circius melanoleucos Pied Harrier RM I C
Falconidae
22 Falco tinnunculus Common Kestral RM IV C
Phalacrocoracidae
23 Phalacrocorax niger Little Cormorant R IV A
Ardeidae
24 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron RM IV A
25 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret R IV AI
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S. No. Order, Family and Species Common English Name MS Sch. FG
Threskiornithidae
26 Threskiornis melanocephalus Black-headed Ibis RM IV A
27 Pseudibis papillosa Black Ibis R IV I
PASSERIFORMES
Corvidae
28 Corvus splendens House Crow R V I
29 Dicrurus macrocercus Black Drongo R IV I
Muscicapidae
30 Saxicoloides fulicata Indian Robin R IV I
Sturnidae
31 Acridotheres ginginianus Bank Myna R IV I
32 Acridotheres tristis Common Myna R IV I
Hirundinidae
33 Hirundo daurica Red-rump Swallow R IV I
Pycnonotidae
34 Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented Bulbul R IV I
Sylviidae
35 Turdoides malcolmi Large Grey Babbler R IV G
Alaudidae
36 Galerida cristata Crested Lark R IV GI
Nectariniidae
37 Nectarinia asiatica Purple Sunbird R IV N
Passeridae
38 Passer domesticus House Sparrow R IV G
MS= Migratory Status, M= Migratory, R= Resident, RM= Resident migratory;
Sch= Schedule as per Wildlife Protection Act 1972; and FG= Feeding Guild, O= Omnivore,
G= Granevore, P= Pisivore, C= Carnivore, I= Insectivore, A= Aquatic.
3. Status of Mammals
As discussed with local people, within buffer zone only seven species of mammalian
fauna were reported and each belongs to separate family/group. None of the family
reported more than one species and showed low species richness (Table 3.4.11). Since
the study area dominated by agriculture habitat, mammalian fauna showed low species
richness.
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Table 3.4.11 Overall Status of Mammals: M/s. Swastik Laminates
Sr.
No. Scientific Name Species Food Habit
WPA,1972
Status
Bovidae
1 Boselaphus tragocamelus
(Pallas, 1766) Nilgai Herbivore
III
Canidae
2 Canis aureus (Linnaeus, 1758) Golden Jackal Omnivore II
Herpestidae
3 Herpestes edwardsii
(E.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire,1818)
Grey
Mongoose Omnivore
II
Hyaenidae
4 Hyaena hyaena
(Linnaeus,1758) Striped Hyena Scavenger
-
Hystricidae
5 Hystrix indica (Kerr,1792)
Indian
Porcupine Herbivore
-
Suidae
6 Sus scrofa (Linnaeus,1758) Wild Boar Herbivore III
Anon. 1972. The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Ammended 1991. Natraj Publication,
Dehra Dun. 154 p.
3.4.6.6 Threatened Plants and Animals and Conclusion Note
This study reported a total of 130 plant species, 7 herpetofauna, 38 birds and 6
species of mammals from the buffer zone of M/s. Swastik Laminates, However, no
threatened biodiversity reported with highest density or richness from the core and
buffer zones of the study area.
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In addition, no true multi species forest type was recorded in the vicinity of the
five kilometer radii in and around the project site. It clearly indicates the low
productive potential of the terrestrial ecosystem. Since the project associated
activities do not required any additional land, the terrestrial ecosystem is
considerably free from the project related impacts.
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Table 3.4.12 Habitat-wise checklist of Plant Species recorded in and around the M/s. Swastik Laminates
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
1 Abelmoschus esculentus
(L.) Moench
Bhinda,
Bhindo
Under
Shrub Malvaceae √
2 Abutilon indicum (L.) Sw.
subsp. indicum Kanski
Under
Shrub Malvaceae √ √ √
3 Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.
subsp. indica(Bth.) Brenan
Deshi Baval,
Bavar Tree Mimosaceae √ √ √
4 Acalypha indica L. Dadario,
Dadro Herb Euphorbiaceae √ √ √
5 Achyranthes aspera L. var.
argentea Hook. f.
Andhedi,
Anghedo Herb Amaranthaceae √ √ √
6 Achyranthes aspera L. var.
porphyristachya Hk. f. Andhedi Herb Amaranthaceae √ √ √
7 Aerva persica (Burm.f.)
Merrill Gorakh Ganjo Herb Amaranthaceae √
8 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. MotoArduso Tree Simaroubaceae √
√
9 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Bth. Karo Sirish Tree Mimosaceae √
√
10 Alternanthera pungens H.
B. & K.
Kantaro
Bhangaro Herb Amaranthaceae √
√
11 Alternanthera sessilis (L.)
DC.
Jar Bhaji, Jar
Bhangaro Herb Amaranthaceae √
√
12 Amaranthus spinosus L. Jangali
tandaljo Herb Amaranthaceae √ √ √
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Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
13 Ammannia baccifera L. Rato Jal Agio,
Lal Agio Herb Lythraceae
√
14 Argemone mexicana L. Darudi Herb Papaverceae √ √ √
15
Asparagus racemosus
Willd. var. javanicus
(Kunth) Baker
Satavri Sarmentose
Shrub Liliaceae
√
16 Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Limbdo,
Neem Tree Meliaceae √ √
17 Balanites aegyptiaca (L.)
Del.
Hingor,
Ingoriyo Small Tree Balanitaceae
√ √
18 Bergia ammannioides
Roxb. ex Roth Jal Ukharad Herb Elatinaceae
√ √
19 Boerhavia elegans Choisy Udha Satodo,
Punnarva Herb Nyctaginaceae
√
20 Borreria articularis (L.f.)
F.N. Will. - Herb Rubiaceae √
21 Bougainvillea spectabilis
Wild. -
Straggling
Shrub Nyctaginaceae
√
22 Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Tuver Herb Fabaceae √
23 Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.
Br. Akado Shrub Asclepiadaceae √ √ √
24 Capparis decidua (Forsk.)
Edgew. Ker, Kerdo
Under
Shrub Capparaceae √ √ √
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Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
25 Capparis sepiaria L. Kanther Straggling
Shrub Capparaceae √ √ √
26 Capsicum annuum L. Marchi Herb Solanaceae √
27 Cardiospermum
halicacabum L. Kag Doriyu Herb Sapindaceae √
28 Carica papaya L. Papaya,
Papayu Tree Caricaceae √
29 Cassia auriculataL. Avar, Aval,
Avali Shrub Caesalpiniaceae
√ √
30 Cassia fistulaL. Garmaro Tree Caesalpiniaceae √ √ √
31 Cassia occidentalis L. Sundaro,
Kasundro Herb Caesalpiniaceae
√ √
32 Cassia siamea Lam. Kasid Tree Caesalpiniaceae √
√
33 Cassia tora L. Kunwario Herb Caesalpiniaceae
√ √
34 Cayratia carnosa (Lam.)
Gagnep.
Khat
Khatubado Climber Vitaceae √
35 Celosia argentea L. Lampadi,
Lampdi Herb Amaranthaceae √
36 Cenchrus biflorus auct. Dhaman,
Anjan Grass Poaceae √
√
37 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. Limbu Small Tree Rutaceae √
38 Cleome gynandra L. var.
gynandra Ghandhatu Herb Capparaceae √
39 Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Vad Mendhi Herb Verbenaceae √
√
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Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
Gaertn.
40 Clerodendrum multiflorum
(Burm.f.) O. Arni Small Tree Verbenaceae √
√
41 Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Tindora,
Ghiloda Climber Cucurbitaceae √
√
42 Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels Vevdi, Vevti Straggling
Shrub Menispermaceae √
√
43 Cocus nucifera L. Nariyer Tree Arecaceae √
√
44 Coldenia procumbens L. Ukharad Herb Boraginaceae
√
45 Convolvulus microphyllus
(Roth) Sieb. ex Spr.
Dholi
Sankhavali Herb Convolvulaceae √ √ √
46 Corchorus aestuans L.
Kag Shing,
Chunch,
Chhadhari
Herb Tiliaceae √
√
47 Cordia dichotoma Forst. Gunda Tree Ehretiaceae √
√
48 Cordia gharaf (Forsk.)
E.&.A.
Nana Gunda,
Liar Gundi Tree Ehretiaceae √
√
49 Cucumis callosus (Rottl.)
Cogn.
Gay
Vasukada Climber Cucurbitaceae √
√
50 Cucumis prophetarum L. Kantalo
Indranan Climber Cucurbitaceae √
√
51 Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Amarvel Parasite Cuscutaceae √
√
52 Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Dhrab Grass Poaceae √ √ √
53 Cyperus rotundus L. subsp. Chiyo, Moth Sedge Cyperaceae √ √ √
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Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
rotundus
54 Dactyloctenium
aegypticum (L.) P. Beauv. - Grass Poaceae √
55 Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Sisam Tree Fabaceae √
√
56 Datura metel L. Dhaturo Under
Shrub Solanaceae
√ √
57 Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gulmohor Tree Caesalpiniaceae √
58 Derris indica (Lam.) Bennet Karanj Tree Fabaceae √
59 Digera muricata (L.) Mart. Kanjaro,
Kanejro Herb Amaranthaceae √
√
60 Dipteracanthus prostratus
Hassk. - Herb Acanthaceae √
61 Echinochloa colonum (L.)
Link Samo, Jiriu Grass Poaceae
√
62 Echinops echinatus Roxb. Utkanto Under
Shrub Asteraceae
√ √
63 Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.
Mant. Jal Bhangro Herb Asteraceae √ √ √
64 Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Nilgiri Tree Myrtaceae √
√
65 Euphorbia hirta L. Dudheli Herb Euphorbiaceae √
√
66 Euphorbia nivulia Buch.-
Ham. Vad Thor Shrub Euphorbiaceae √
√
67 Euphorbia thymifolia L. Sani Dudheli Herb Euphorbiaceae √
√
68 Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L. Kari Herb Convolvulaceae √
√
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.71
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
var. alsinoides Sankhavail
69 Ficus benghalensis L. Vad Tree Moraceae √ √ √
70 Ficus religiosa L. Piparo, Piplo Tree Moraceae √ √ √
71 Glinus lotoides L. Okharad Herb Molluginaceae
√ √
72
Gossypium herbaceum
auct. Non L. var.
acerifolium(Guill. & Perr.)
Chevalier
Kapas Shrub Malvaceae √
73 Grangea maderaspatana
(L.) Poir. - Herb Asteraceae
√ √
74 Heliotropium indicum L. Hathi Sundhi Herb Boraginaceae √
√
75 Heliotropium ovalifolium
Forsk. - Herb Boraginaceae √ √ √
76 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Jasund,
Jasvanti Shrub Malvaceae
√
77 Holoptelea integrifolia
(Roxb.) Planch. Kanaji Tree Ulmaceae √
√
78 Indigofera linnaei Ali. Bhonygali Herb Fabaceae √
√
79 Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Nali Ni Bhaji Aquatic
Herb Convolvulaceae
√
80 Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. - Straggling
Shrub Convolvulaceae √ √ √
81 Kirganelia reticulata (Poir.)
Baill. Kamboi Shrub Euphorbiaceae √
√
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.72
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
82 Launaea procumbens
(Roxb.) Ram. & Raj.
Moti Bhoyan
Patri Herb Asteraceae √
√
83 Leucaena latisiliqua (L.)
Wt. & Arn. Liso Bavar Tree Mimosaceae √
√
84 Limonia acidissima L. Kothi, Kotha Tree Rutaceae √
85 Lycopersicon lycopersicum
(L.) Karst.
Tamata,
Tamatu Herb Solanaceae √
√
86 Maerua oblongifolia
(Foeak.) A. Rich. Hemkand
Woody
Twiner Capparaceae √
√
87 Mangifera indica L. Ambo, Keri Tree Anacardiaceae √
√
88 Manilkara zapota (L.) Van
Royen Chiku Tree Sapotaceae √
√
89 Melia azedarach L. Bakani Nim,
Bakanlimdo Tree Meliaceae √
√
90 Mukia maderespatensis
(L.) M. Roem. Ankhfutmani Climber Cucurbitaceae
√
91 Murraya koenigii (L.) Spr. Mitho Limado Small Tree Rutaceae √
√
92 Nerium indicum Mill. Lal Karen Shrub Apocynaceae
√
93 Ocimum Sanctum L. Tulsi Herb Lamiaceae
√
94 Peltophorum pterocarpum
(DC.) Backer ex Heyne Tamrafali Tree Caesalpiniaceae √
√
95 Pennisetum typhoides A.
Rich. Bajri, Bajaro Grass Poaceae √
96 Pergularia daemia (Forsk.) Chamar Twiner Asclepiadaceae √ √ √
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.73
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
Chiov. Dudheli
97 Phyllanthus fraternus
Webst.
Bhoyan
Ringani,
Bhonya Amli
Herb Euphorbiaceae √ √ √
98 Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.)
Thw. Asopalav Tree Annonaceae √
√
99 Portulaca quadrifida L. Pat Luni,
Ziniluni Herb Portulacaceae √
100 Prosopis cineraria (L.)
Druce Khijado Tree Mimosaceae √ √ √
101 Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Gando Baval Shrub Mimosaceae √ √ √
102 Punica granatum L. Dadam Small Tree Punicaceae √
√
103 Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC.
var. minima
Nahni Kamal
Vel Twiner Fabaceae √
√
104 Ricinus communis L. Divela,
Aranda Shrub Euphorbiaceae √
105 Saccharum offocinarum L. Sherdi Grass Poaceae √
106 Saccharum spontaneum L. Dabh, Kans Grass Poaceae
√ √
107 Salvadora oleoides Decne. Piludi-Mithi Shrub Salvadoraceae √ √ √
108 Salvadora persica L. Piludi-Khari Shrub Salvadoraceae √ √ √
109 Sesbania sesban (L.) Meer.
subsp. sesban var. sesban Ekad, Shevari Shrub Fabaceae √
110 Sida ovata Forsk. - Herb Malvaceae √
√
111 Solanum surattense Burm. Bhoyan Herb Solanaceae √ √ √
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.74
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
f. Ringani
112 Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. Son Chudi Herb Asteraceae √
113 Sorghum halepense (L.)
Pers.
Jangli Juwar,
Baru Grass Poaceae √
√
114 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skells Jambu Tree Myrtaceae √
√
115 Tamarindus indica L. Ambali, Emali Tree Caesalpiniaceae √
√
116 Tecoma stans (L.) H. B. & K. Pili Nim Shrub Bignoniaceae
√
117 Tectona grandis L.f. Sag Tree Verbenaceae
√
118 Tephrosia purpurea (L.)
Pers. Sarpankho Herb Fabaceae
√ √
119 Terminalia catappa L. Desi Badam Tree Combertaceae √
√
120 Thespesia populnea (L.)
Sol. ex Corr. Paras Pimpro Small Tree Malvaceae √
√
121 Tinospora cordifolia
(Willd.) Miers Garo Climber Menispermaceae √
122 Tribulus terrestris L. Gokharu Herb Zygophyllaceae √
√
123 Trichodesma amplexicaule
Roth Undha Fuli Herb Boraginaceae √
√
124 Tridax procumbensi L. Pardeshi
Bhangro Herb Asteraceae √ √ √
125 Triumfetta rhomboidea
Jacq. Zipti
Under
Shrub Tiliaceae √
√
126 Typha angustata Bory. &
Chaub. Gha Bajariu Herb Typhaceae
√
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.75
Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat
Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation
127 Withania somnifera (L.)
Kurz Ashwagandha
Under
Shrub Solanaceae √
128 Xanthium strumarium L. Gadariyu Herb Asteraceae
√ √
129 Zaleya redimita (Melville)
Bhandari var. redimita Bethi Satodi Herb Aizoaceae √ √
130 Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. Mota Bor Small Tree Rhamnaceae √ √ √
TOTAL PLANT SPECIES RECORDED IN EACH HABITAT 104 47 98
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.76
3.5 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
3.5.1 Introduction
Development of projects goes hand in hand with environmental impact hence before
any project is undertaken the damages in relation to the benefits and negative
should be measured. Unfortunately environmental issues are interdisciplinary,
interactive, biological and probabilistic because the information is always deficient;
the outcome has a considerable degree of uncertainty or risk. This conflict between
development and conservation is difficult to reconcile. Environmental baseline,
ecological reconnaissance and environmental impact studies provide databases and
quantitative assessment of environmental factors related to development projects.
Any developmental activity will influence the socioeconomic conditions of the
population in the region and thus the Quality of Life (QOL). Socioeconomic survey is
necessary in EIA/EMP report preparation to predict the changes on social and
economic status of the area. Hence baseline data for demographic characteristics,
education, health, amenities and sensitive locations existing in and around the
project area have been studied in the study area. For the study of socioeconomics 10
km radius around the site is selected.
The study area is agricultural land. The major language is Guajarati, Hindi and English
with an accumulation of different cultures like Hindus, Muslims and the Christians. It
is the center of Gujarati cultural activities and diverse traditions of different ethnic
and religious communities
3.5.2 Socioeconomics
Village/town wise population, households, Occupation and Literacy status have been
collected based on Census, 2011 in the following aspects:
1. Total population 08.Total worker females (main + marginal)
2. Population (0-6 years) 09. Main workers (Persons)
3. Literacy rate (Persons) 10. Marginal workers (Persons)
4. Literacy rate (Males) 11. Main workers (Persons)
5. Literacy rate (Females) 12. Non workers (Persons)
6. Total worker persons (main + marginal) 13. Non workers (Males)
7. Total worker males (main + marginal) 14. Non workers (Females)
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.77
3.5.2.1 Households
A 'household' is usually a group of persons who normally live together and take
their meals from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevent any of
them from doing so. Persons in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of
both. However, if a group of unrelated persons live in a census house but do not
take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not constituent of a
common household. Each such person was to be treated as separate households.
The important link is finding out whether it was a household or not was a common
kitchen. There may be one member households, two member households or multi-
member households.
There are nearly 5837 households are found in the study area. The list of
Households is given in table 3.5.1.
3.5.2.2 Population
Village/ town wise population composition as per 2011 census is listed in table
3.5.2. The male & female population is 15186 and 14491 respectively. The SC and
ST population from the total population is 12 % & 0.44 % respectively.
The summarized data of population distribution is given in Table 3.5.1 and
represented in Fig 3.5.1.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.78
Table 3.5.1 Population Composition
*As per 2011 census data
S. No.
Sub District
Village name POPULATION SC POPULATION ST
POPULATION
HH T M F T M F T M F
1 Gondal Mungavavdi 186 960 493 467 243 116 127 0 0 0
2 Gondal Ribda 311 1545 785 760 205 103 102 14 10 4
3 Gondal Gundasara 290 1410 707 703 124 66 58 0 0 0
4 Gondal Pipaliya 257 1246 632 614 204 102 102 0 0 0
5 Gondal Bharudi 253 1284 661 623 205 101 104 0 0 0
6 Gondal Daliya 375 2007 1013 994 190 101 89 0 0 0
7 Gondal Valadhari 217 1014 504 510 132 63 69 0 0 0
8 Gondal Hadamatala 437 2222 1136 1086 115 57 58 0 0 0
9 Gondal Lunivav 308 1485 792 693 45 29 16 4 2 2
10 Gondal Sindhavadar 103 569 305 264 22 14 8 28 15 13
11 Gondal Mahika Nana 173 828 423 405 15 9 6 13 4 9
12 Gondal Mahika Mota 240 1117 568 549 24 14 10 20 11 9
13 Gondal Bhunava 201 992 507 485 190 97 93 13 4 9
14 Gondal Biliyala 306 1794 930 864 433 217 216 0 0 0
15 Gondal Shemla 320 1617 821 796 44 13 31 0 0 0
16 Gondal Panchiyavadar 109 654 341 313 108 53 55 0 0 0
17 Gondal Bhojpara 239 1231 644 587 210 107 103 4 2 2
18 Gondal Nagadka 137 724 384 340 115 63 52 36 21 15
19 Gondal Umvada Mota 268 1426 738 688 302 164 138 0 0 0
20 Gondal Umvada Nana 81 434 215 219 102 53 49 0 0 0
21 Kotda Sangani
Navi Mengani 560 2713 1371 1342 342 173 169 0 0 0
22 Kotda Sangani
Juni Mengani 317 1531 776 755 159 72 87 0 0 0
23 Kotda Sangani
Anandpar 149 874 440 434 43 24 19 0 0 0
24 Kotda Sangani
Ardoi 645 3162 1623 1539 560 287 273 3 2 1
25 Kotda Sangani
Kotda Sangani 1680 8292 4238 4054 932 484 448 173
96 77
26 Kotda Sangani
Rajgadh 212 1073 548 525 74 37 37 0 0 0
27 Kotda Sangani
Khareda 368 1873 962 911 491 250 241 0 0 0
28 Morvi Sapar 159 791 405 386 19 8 11 0 0 0
29 Kotda Sangani
Soliya 220 1090 555 535 68 35 33 0 0 0
TOTAL 5837 29677 15186 14491 3572 1811 1761 132 69 63
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.79
Fig 3.5.1 Percentage of Total Population distribution
3.5.2.3 Occupational structure
Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or
without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or
mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective
supervision and direction of work. It even includes part time help or unpaid work
on farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. All persons engaged in
'work' as defined above are workers. Persons who are engaged in cultivation or
milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as workers.
Occupational structure is divided in to 3 categories viz., Main workers, Marginal
workers and Non workers.
The distribution data for workers and non workers is given in Table 3.5.2 and Fig.
3.5.2.
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.80
Main workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference
period (i.e. 6 months or more) are termed as Main Workers. There are 16369 total
main workers in this area.
Marginal workers: Those workers who have not worked for the major part of the
reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as marginal workers. The total
marginal workers are 2522.
Non workers: All workers, i.e., those who have been engaged in some economic
activity during the last one-year, but are not cultivators or agricultural laborers or in
Household Industry, are 'Other-Workers (OW)'. The type of workers that come
under this category of 'OW' include all government servants, municipal employees,
teachers, factory workers, plantation workers, those engaged in trade, commerce,
business, transport banking, mining, construction, political or social work, priests,
entertainment artists, etc. In effect, all those workers other than cultivators or
agricultural laborers or household industry workers are other workers. The total
Non workers are 25186.
Table 3.5.2 Occupational Structure
Sr. No.
Sub District
Village TOTAL WORKER MAINWORKER MARGINAL NON WORKER
T M F T M F T M F T M F
1 Gondal
Mungavavdi 405 302 103 403 301 102 2 1 1 555 191 364
2 Gondal Ribda 475 447 28 433 414 19 42 33 9 1070 338 732
3 Gondal
Gundasara 551 432 119 549 432 117 2 0 2 859 275 584
4 Gondal Pipaliya 487 374 113 482 371 111 5 3 2 759 258 501
5 Gondal
Bharudi 505 383 122 456 351 105 49 32 17 779 278 501
6 Gondal Daliya 984 609 375 675 487 188 309 122 187 1023 404 619
7 Gondal
Valadhari 342 316 26 327 304 23 15 12 3 672 188 484
8 Gondal
Hadamatala 1028 648 380 1026 647 379 2 1 1 1194 488 706
9 Gondal Lunivav 837 450 387 448 392 56 389 58 331 648 342 306
10 Gondal
Sindhavadar 269 165 104 261 159 102 8 6 2 300 140 160
11 Gondal
Mahika Nana 407 263 144 404 262 142 3 1 2 421 160 261
12 Gondal
Mahika Mota 407 344 63 349 306 43 58 38 20 710 224 486
13 Gondal
Bhunava 636 318 318 360 314 46 276 4 272 356 189 167
14 Gondal Biliyala 592 521 71 568 510 58 24 11 13 1202 409 793
15 Gondal Shemla 509 193 316 504 478 26 305 15 290 808 328 480
16 Gondal
Panchiyavadar 192 159 33 191 158 33 1 1 0 462 182 280
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.81
17 Gondal
Bhojpara 499 383 116 485 376 109 14 7 7 732 261 471
18 Gondal
Nagadka 240 223 17 184 174 10 56 49 7 484 161 323
19 Gondal
Umvada Mota 560 431 129 559 430 129 1 1 0 866 307 559
20 Gondal
Umvada Nana 178 138 40 176 138 38 2 0 2 256 77 179
21
Kotda Sangani
Navi Menga
ni 1188 836 352 961 816 145 227 20 207 1525 535 990
22
Kotda Sangani
Juni Menga
ni 778 496 282 774 495 279 4 1 3 753 280 473
23 Kotda
Sangani Anandp
ar 254 231 23 218 213 5 36 18 18 620 209 411
24 Kotda
Sangani Ardoi
1232 1001 231 1140 952 188 92 49 43 1930 622 1308
25 Kotda
Sangani Kotda
Sangani 3553 2536 1017 3235 2424 811 318 112 206 4739 1702 3037
26 Kotda
Sangani Rajgad
h 631 353 278 485 347 138 146 6 140 442 195 247
27 Kotda
Sangani Khared
a 852 542 310 716 516 200 136 26 110 1021 420 601
28 Morvi Sapar 303 224 79 287 211 76 16 13 3 488 181 307
29 Kotda
Sangani Soliya
430 332 98 428 331 97 2 1 1 660 223 437
TOTAL 18591 13094 5497 16369 12767 3602 2522 627 1895 25186 9163 16023
*As per 2011 census data.
Fig 3.5.2 Distribution of Workers
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.82
3.5.2.4 Literacy
A person aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding
any language has been taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to have
received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for
being treated as literate. People who were blind and could read in Braille are
treated to be literates. A person, who can only read but cannot write, is treated as
illiterate. All children of age 6 years or less, even if going to school and have picked
up reading and writing, are treated as illiterates.
The total number of literates and illiterates are 31343 and 12574 respectively
(Table 3.5.3 and Fig.3.5.3.)
Table 3.5.3 Literacy status
*As per 2011 census data.
Sr. No.
Sub District Village Literate Illiterate
T M F T M F
1 Gondal Mungavavdi 723 406 317 237 87 150
2 Gondal Ribda 1126 616 510 419 169 250
3 Gondal Gundasara 1151 593 558 259 114 145
4 Gondal Pipaliya 857 477 380 389 155 234
5 Gondal Bharudi 943 518 425 341 143 198
6 Gondal Daliya 1407 768 639 640 245 395
7 Gondal Valadhari 473 377 96 341 127 214
8 Gondal Hadamatala 1729 931 798 493 205 288
9 Gondal Lunivav 1173 660 513 312 132 180
10 Gondal Sindhavadar 414 240 174 155 65 90
11 Gondal Mahika Nana 650 355 295 178 68 110
12 Gondal Mahika Mota 747 430 317 370 138 232
13 Gondal Bhunava 727 406 321 265 101 164
14 Gondal Biliyala 1385 745 640 409 185 224
15 Gondal Shemla 1025 544 481 592 277 315
16 Gondal Panchiyavadar 501 274 227 153 67 86
17 Gondal Bhojpara 713 407 306 518 237 281
18 Gondal Nagadka 518 303 215 206 81 125
19 Gondal Umvada Mota 978 546 432 448 192 256
20 Gondal Umvada Nana 296 162 134 138 53 85
21 Kotda
Sangani Navi Mengani
1910 1036 874 803 335 468
22 Kotda
Sangani Juni Mengani
1108 594 514 423 182 241
23 Kotda
Sangani Anandpar
549 306 243 325 134 191
24 Kotda
Sangani Ardoi
2298 1242 1056 864 381 483
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.83
25 Kotda
Sangani Kotda Sangani
5758 3148 2610 2534 1090 1444
26 Kotda
Sangani Rajgadh
864 467 397 209 81 128
27 Kotda
Sangani Khareda
1320 726 594 553 236 317
28 Morvi Sapar 472 277 195 447 319 128
29 Kotda
Sangani Soliya
738 404 334 352 151 201
Total 31343 17277 14066 12574 5280 7294
Fig 3.5.3 Literacy levels
3.5.3 Amenities
Education, Medical, Water availability, Post & Telegraph, Communication, Banking
facilities and Power supply are considered for the study. Village wise list of amenities
are given in table 3.5.4 (as per 2001 Census).
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.84
Table No 3.5.4 Basic Amenities detail for study villages covered in 10 km radius (As per
census 2011*)
Sr
No Village
Drinking
Water
Power
Supply
Educational
Facilities
Medical
Approach
to Village
Post,
Telegraph
and
Telephone
Communication
DISTRICT : (RAJKOT)
1 Mungavavdi HP W
EA P
C(10+)
H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)
PR PO(<5
) PH(4)
BS RS(10+)
2 Ribda HP W
EA P
C(10+)
PHS H(10+)
MCW(10+) PHC(10+)
PR FP PO
PH(5) BS RS
3 Gundasara HP W
EA P
C(10+)
H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)
PR PO PH
BS RS(<5)
4 Pipaliya HP W
EA P
C(10+)
PHS PHC(10+)
H(10+) MCW(10+)
PR PO
PH(5) BS
RS(10+)
5 Bharudi HP W
EA P
C(10+)
PHC(10+) H(10+)
MCW(10+)
PR PO(2) PH(10
+)
BS RS(10+)
6 Daliya
T HP W
EA P
C(10+)
PHS PHC(10+)
H(10+) MCW(10+)
PR MR
PO PH(10
)
BS RS(10+)
7 Valadhari
T HP W
EA
P C(10+)
PHS PHC(10+)
H(10+) MCW(10+)
CHW FWC
PR
PO PH(<5
)
BS RS(10+)
8 Hadamatala HP W
EA P
C(10+)
PHC(10+) H(10+)
MCW(<5)
PR PO PH(40
)
BS RS(10+)
9 Lunivav
T HP W
EA P
C(10+)
PHC(10+) H(10+)
MCW(10+)
PR PO
PH(3) BS
RS(10+)
10 Sindhavadar HP W
EA P C(10+)
TR
H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)
PR PO(<5)
PH
BS RS(10+)
11 Mahika
Nana
HP TW W
EA P
C(10+)
CHW PHC(10) H(10+)
MCW(10+)
PR PO
PH(2) BS
RS(10+)
12 Mahika Mota
HP W
EA P S
C(10+)
PHS MCW(105)
H(10+)
PR FP
PO(<5)
PH(<5
BS RS(10+)
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Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.85
PHC(10+) )
13 Bhunava
T HP W
EA P
C(10+)
PHS MCW(10+)
H(10+) PHC(10+)
PR MR FP
PO PH(5)
BS RS(10+)
14 Biliyala HP W
EA P
C(<5)
H(<5) MCW(<5) PHC(<5)
PR MR FP
PO PH(2)
BS RS(<5)
15 Shemla
T HP W
EA
P C(10+)
CHW H(10+)
MCW(10+) PHC(10+)
PR MR FP
PO PH(2)
BS RS
16 Panchiyava
dar
HP W
EA P
C(10+)
H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)
PR MR FP
PO(6) PH(10
+)
BS RS(10+)
17 Bhojpara HP W
EA P
C(<5)
H(<5) MCW(<5) PHC(<5)
PR MR FP
PO PH(6)
BS RS(<5)
18 Nagadka HP W
EA P
C(<5)
H(<5) MCW(<5) PHC(10+)
MR FP
PO(<5)
PH(9)
BS RS(<5)
19 Umvada
Mota
T HP W
TW
EA
P C(10+)
H(<5) MCW(10+)
PHC(<5)
PR MR PO(5)
PH(<5)
BS RS(10+)
20 Umvada
Nana
HP W
EA P
C(10+)
H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)
PR MR FP
PO(<5)
PH(4)
BS RS(10+)
21 Navi
Mengani
T HP W TK O
EA
P(2) S
C(10+)
MCW CWC HC
PHC PHS TB
RMP CHW
PR MR FP
PO PH
BS RS(10+)
22 Juni
Mengani
HP W TK
EA
P C(10+)
TB CHW(2) H(10+)
MCW(10+) PHC(<5)
MR PO(<5
) PH(10
)
BS RS(10+)
23 Anandpar HP W O
EA
P C(10+)
TB H(10+)
MCW(5-10) CHW
PHC(10+)
MR PO(5-
10) PH
BS RS(10+)
24 Ardoi
HP W T O
EA
P C(10+)
PHS FWC TB
RMP CHW
H(10+) MCW(5-10)
PHC(10+)
PR
PO PH(35
)
BS RS(<5)
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.86
25 Kotda
Sangani
HP T W O
EA
P(3) S
PUC C(10+)
MCW PHS(2) FWC TB
RMP CHW
H(10+) PHC(10+)
O
PR MR FP PO
TO PTO
PH(250)
BS RS(10+)
26 Rajgadh
T C O
EA
P C(10+)
MCW CWC FWC TB
RMP CHW(2) H(10+)
MCW(<5) PHC(5-10)
PR MR FP
PO PH(15
)
BS RS(10+)
27 Khareda
HP W T
TK O
EA
P C(10+)
PHS TB
H(10+) MCW(<5) PHC(<5)
PR PO(<5
) PH(30
)
BS RS(10+)
28 Sapar HP W
EA
P C(10+)
PHS TB
H(10+) MCW(<5) PHC(10+)
PR MR PO
PH(10)
BS RS(10+)
29 Soliya
HP T W O
EA
P C(10+)
TB H(10+)
MCW(10+) PHC(10+)
PR MR
PO(<5)
PH(30)
BS RS(10+)
Drinking Water:
T -Tap Water
TK -Tank Water
TW -Tube Well Water
HP -Hand Pump
R -River Water
O -others
W -well water
C -Canal
L -Lake
Educational:
P -Primary School
C -College
M -Middle school
H -High School
Transportation:
BS-Bus RS-Railway Station
Approach to Village:
PR-Paved Road MR-Mud Road
FP-Foot Path
Power Supply:
EA-Electricity for all purposes
Post, Telegraph and Telephone:
PO - Post Office
PH - Telephone Connection
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.87
PUC -senior secondary school
S - Higher secondary school
Medical:
H -Allopathic Hospital
PHC -Primary Health Center
PHS -Primary Health Sub-Center
CHW -Community Health Worker
MCW -Maternity & Child Welfare
FWC -Family welfare center
D -Dispensary
H -Hospital
HD -Homeopathic Dispensary
TB -T.B.Clinic
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.88
Fig. 3.5.4 Photograph showing Socio-Economic Data Collection
3.5.4 Site Specific Studies
The following site specific studies have been conducted in order to study the present
Socio- Economic conditions prevailing around the plant site for the establishment of
an interactive environment between the residents of the area with the proponent
which would be helpful for the proponent for the assessment of the required
developments of the area.
This study was carried out by looking and maintaining a good understanding of that
locality as well as their socio-Economic status which can help in the assessment of
their Socio-Economic status, Costumes, Requirements for the development etc. For
such benefits the following site study has been conducted.
3.5.5 Organization and Manpower
In any commercial manufacturing company, it is very important to have a proper
organization. This is more so in case the manufacturing involves various processes
and different technical disciplines.
M/s. Swastik Laminates is a proposed plant in Gujarat. Management control and
areas of responsibility should be well defined. Hence, for the purpose of this report,
the organization required for proposed plant, after commissioning of the new
facilities, has been considered. Manpower requirements have been assessed keeping
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.89
in view the degree of automation & computerization envisaged, minimum paper
work, round the clock operations etc. The total requirement is 60 consisting of 50
Local employees for the execution of work.
3.5.6 Impacts of the proposed project
The industry will provide direct and indirect Employment for many of the local
population. It will create employment (6)0 and helps to improve the social status of
the local community.
No Rehabilitation or land acquisition is needed for this industry. This project is not
expected to generate any significant public controversy. Workers including casual
workers such as truck drivers will be provided with basic amenities like safe water
supply, low cost sanitation facilities, first aid, required personal protective
equipments, etc. Workers will also be provided with sufficient infrastructural
facilities including drinking water, toilets, sanitation facilities, power, easily
accessible approach roads, communication, etc.
Moreover unit would be carrying out CSR activities in nearby villages in the field of
public health and green belt development; which would contribute to improvements
of the public health in the region to some extent. Other impacts of the proposed
project are:
Any industrial growth will improve economic status of the people either
directly or indirectly.
Creation of employment generation is an another positive impact anticipated
from this plant
The development of infrastructure (roads, lighting etc) may not only helpful for
transportation but also to improve aesthetic value of the site.
The proposed green belt plan also generates some employment (labor for
plantation development) and provide hygienic environment.
Non- workers comprises of 85 % of the total population in the study area. This
intense unemployment fate can be for extent can be reduced.
Labour quarters will be provided for workers in operation phase of plant.
A slight increase in traffic during construction would result as workers arrive and
depart the site and as materials and equipment are delivered. This temporary traffic
increase would represent only small fluctuations within the normal range.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.90
3.6 TRAFFIC SURVEY
Traffic counts are important to calculate the existing and proposed load on the existing
road due to upcoming Project.
Project site is to be located on internal road of village. Unit will use the road passing at
the project site from Bhunava Village which further connects to National Highway 27.
Thus, traffic survey has been carried out for the route from N.H. 27 to Bhunava village &
traffic on N.H. 27. Studied route is shown in figure below:
= Route A = Traffic on N.H. 27
= Route B = Traffic from N.H. 27 to Bhunava village
Fig. 3.6.1 Image showing Traffic Surveying Location
A
B
A
B
Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit
SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.
T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad NABET ACCREDITED
Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.91
Details regarding the traffic survey are:
Traffic counts were collected and recorded in 4 hours intervals.
Morning period (peak hours) survey was carried out from 10.00-14.00 hrs.
Evening period (peak hours) survey was carried out from 16:00 to 20:00 hrs.
Traffic counts observed during the above survey are tabulated below;
Table 3.6.1: Traffic count Table
Type of Vehicles
Route-1 N H 27 Route-2 N.H. 27 to Bhunava village
Timings of Survey (hrs) Timings of Survey (hrs)
02-12-2016 02-12-2016
10.00-14.00 (4 hr)
16.00-20.00 (4 hr)
10.00-14.00 (4 hr)
16.00-20.00 (4 hr)
Large Trailer 85 73 2 3
Heavy (Bus, Truck, etc) 48 52 1 2
Medium (Tractors, light commercial vehicles etc) 30 25 6 8
Light (Car, Jeep, Pickup Van etc.) 185 160 4 6
3 Wheeler (Rickshaw) 79 63 2 3
2 Wheeler (Scooter, motorcycle, cycle etc) 225 260 12 17