Chapter 1 Product Description V2 (1)

7/25/2019 Chapter 1 Product Description V2 (1)

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CHAPTER 1

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

I. Introduction

Bananas have been said to be the th

!ar"est #ruit cro$ in the %or!d %ith an esti&ated

$roduction o# '( &i!!ion tons. It is a!so the #ourth !ar"est $roduced co&&odit) b)

the Phi!i$$ines* $!a)in" a &a+or ro!e in the do&estic &ar,et %ith a $roduction o# -.' &i!!ion tons

annua!!). Bananas are edib!e #ruits* botanica!!) a berr)* $roduced b) severa! ,inds o#

!ar"e herbaceous#!o%erin" $!antsin the "enusMusa. It contains a !ar"e a&ount o# $otassiu&*

aside #ro& its carboh)drates and $rotein content. Its $ee! havin" on!) !i&ited studies

interestin"!) contains / o# the #ruit0s $otassiu& content* %hich &a,es this entire stud)

#easib!e.

Nationa! and internationa! $roduction o# banana is ever boo&in". hi!e !oca! and

do&estic consu&$tion are on an increase2 but nationa! $ro"ra&s #or &ana"e&ent o# resu!tin"

%astes are rare* &a)be because o# !ac,in" in#or&ation and resources about the &an) uses o#

%astes $ee!s. In addition to that* hu"e a&ounts o# %aste $ee!s are bein" du&$ed dai!). And that

is %hat tri""ered the $ursuance o# this stud).On the other hand* one o# the &ost %ide!) used che&ica!s is the Potassiu& Carbonate* a

%hite so!id at roo& te&$erature and is derived #ro& $otassiu& h)dro3ide reactin" %ith carbon

dio3ide. It can #unction in the #ie!d o# $har&aceutica!s* che&ica!s* #erti!i4ers* soa$s and "!ass. It

disso!ves in %ater to "ive an a!,a!ine 5basic6 so!ution.

It %as $roven in other +ourna!s that the concentrations o# &eta!s in the banana $ee!s %ere7

8(.1 9.:( &";" #or Potassiu&* 1-.' . &";" #or Ca!ciu&* '.


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Sodiu&* :.->': &";," #or =a"nesiu&* .->'.: &";," #or Ca!ciu&* '.'>1'.( &";," #or

Co$$er* and '.'>8.1 &";," #or ?ead. @no%in" that the )ie!d o# Potassiu& is ver) hi"h in

co&$arison %ith the other &eta!s* "ives a hi"her $robabi!it) o# &a,in" the research %or,*

because it is econo&ica! and bounti#u! in the Phi!i$$ines.

Potassiu& Carbonate no%ada)s is $re$ared co&&ercia!!) b) the e!ectro!)sis o#

$otassiu& ch!oride. The resu!tin" $otassiu& h)dro3ide is then carbonated usin" carbon dio3ide

to #or& $otassiu& carbonate* %hich is o#ten used to $roduce other $otassiu& co&$ounds. The

reaction is as #o!!o%s7 CO' '@OH@'CO


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$otassiu& carbonate is an e3ce!!ent addition #or #erti!i4ers because it $rovides $otassiu& that is a

$ri&ar) nutrient need o# $!ants. Potassiu& carbonate is a!so used in a !ot &ore industries7 soa$*

ani&a! #eed* cera&ics* te3ti!es* $aint* and c!eanin" a"ents. The %ide industr) usa"e and

econo&ica! %a) o# Potassiu& Carbonate $roduction "ives a hi"her #easibi!it) to this stud).

II. PRODUCT PROI?E7 POTASSIU= CARBONATE

Potassiu& carbonate 5@'CO


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So!ubi!it) Inso!ub!e in a!coho! and acetone

$H 11.9 51/ aueous so!ution6

STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Che&ica! Stabi!it)

H)"rosco$ic7 absorbs &oisture or %ater #ro&

the air

Conditions to Avoid

Inco&$atib!e &ateria!s* dust "eneration*

e3$osure to &oist air or %ater

Inco&$atibi!ities %ith Other =ateria!s

Stron" o3idi4in" a"ents* acids* ch!orine

tri#!uoride* &a"nesiu&

Ha4ardous Deco&$osition Products Ch!orine tri#!uoride* &a"nesiu&

Ha4ardous Po!)&eri4ation i!! not occur

SALES SPECIFICATIONS

A$$earance hite $o%der

Assa) -(.:/ &in

Ch!orides .1/ &a3

Su!$hates .1/ &a3

Iron .


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Used to ba!ance $H in the $roduction

o# cocoa $o%der

?aborator)

Used to dr) ,etones* a!coho!s and

a&ines 5be#ore disti!!ation6

Acidic i&$urities re&over

or&ed as an e!ectro!)te 5co!d #usion

e3$eri&ent6

C PRODUCT HANDLING/ PACKAGING/ STORAGE/ SHIPPING

Hand!in"

ear a$$ro$riate $ersona! $rotective

eui$&ent.

Avoid contact %ith inco&$atib!e

&ateria!s.

Use in a %e!!>venti!ated area.

Do not &i3ed stora"e and

trans$ortation o# "rocer)* #odder*

&edicines* #ood.

=ini&i4e occurrence o# dust and

accu&u!ation.

Pac,a"in"

': ; : ," HDPE %oven ba"s %ith inner H=>

HDPE !iner

Stora"e Store a%a) #ro& %ater or &oisture

and store in dr) area

Save in coo!* dr) and %e!! venti!ated

$!ace.

Stored in airti"ht containers

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Avoid contact %ith %ater and

&oistures

Do not store %ith vo!ati!e or"anic

co&$ounds. Product &a) disco!or.

Trans$ortation ?and trans$ort

D PRODUCT SAFETY/ DISPOSAL

Personne! Hea!th Sa#et) Assess&ent Contact %ith s,in and e)es shou!d be

avoided

Environ&enta! Sa#et) Assess&ent

Possib!) ha4ardous short ter&

de"radation $roducts are not !i,e!).

Ho%ever* !on" ter& de"radation

$roducts &a) arise.

The $roduct itse!# and its $roducts o#

de"radation are not to3ic.

aste Dis$osa!

aste &ust be dis$osed o# in accordance %ith

nationa! and !oca! environ&enta! contro!

re"u!ations.

III. RA =ATERIA? PROI?E

A. BANANA PEE?

A banana (Musa sapientum6 $ee!* ,no%n as a banana s,in* is the outer coverin"o#

thebanana#ruit.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peel_(fruit)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bananahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peel_(fruit)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana


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A. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Co!or Ge!!o% %hen ri$e* "reen %hen unri$e

Odor Banana Odor

Deco&$osition < Da)s=o!ecu!ar %ei"ht Not a$$!icab!e

Boi!in" $oint Not a$$!icab!e

=e!tin" $oint Not a$$!icab!e

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (mg/g)

Crude $rotein 5/6 9. .:

Crude #at 5/6


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MINERAL COMPOSITION (mg/g)

Potassiu& 8(.1 9.:(

Ca!ciu& 1-.' .

Sodiu&'.


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D. RAW MATERIAL SAFETY

Sa#et)

Banana $ee!s ta,e ' to 1 da)s to deco&$ose.

Deco&$osin" banana $ee!s &a) in#ect

%ounds and can irritate e)es and s,in. A!so it

$roduces un$!easant odors.

hen hand!in"7

ear sa#et) "!oves

ear "o""!es

ear &as,

Have suitab!e venti!ation

B. AIR

A co!or!ess* odor!ess* taste!ess* "aseous &i3ture &ain!) co&$osed o# 8-/ nitro"en

and '1/ o3)"en.


Co!or Co!or!ess

Odor None

=o!ar =ass '(.-9 ";&o!

Boi!in" Point >1-.<

=e!tin" Point >'1

Densit) 1.'-'- ,";&

Tri$!e Point Te&$erature >'1


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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Standard Co&$osition o# Dr) Air 5Detai!ed Ana!)sis6

as / b) Jo!u&e / b) ei"ht

Parts $er =i!!ion 5b)

Jo!u&e6

Nitro"en 8(.(8:.8

8((:

O3)"en '.-: '9 .

.(8

B. RAW MATERIAL USES

Uses Provide the o3)"en needed in the

co&bustion

C. RAW MATERIAL STORAGE

Stora"e

Air %i!! be readi!) avai!ab!e in the $rocess

thus no stora"e needed.


Sa#et) No sa#et) $recautions necessar).

C. CARBON DIOKIDE

Carbon dio3ide is a co!or!ess and odor!ess "as at at&os$heric te&$erature and $ressure. It

is re!ative!) non>to3ic and non>co&bustib!e and it is heavier than air and &a) as$h)3iate b) the

dis$!ace&ent o# air. Carbon dio3ide is so!ub!e in %ater and #or&s a &i!d acid ca!!ed carbonic

acid.

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Co!or Co!or!ess

Odor Odor!ess

Taste aint Acid Taste=o!ar =ass .1 ";&o!

Boi!in" Point >8(.:

=e!tin" Point >:9.:(

Che&ica! or&u!a CO'

So!ubi!it)

=iscib!e %ith %ater* in h)drocarbons and

&ost or"anic !iuids

Densit) 1.-89 ";?

Ja$or Densit) 1.:< at 8(.' 5Air L16

Stabi!it)

Not a##ected b) heat unti! te&$erature reaches

about '

rade Industria!

B. RAW MATERIAL USES

Uses

Used to carbonate the Potassiu&

H)dro3ide in derivin" Potassiu&

Carbonate

C. RAW MATERIAL STORAGE

Stora"e

C)!inders shou!d be stored u$ri"ht in a

%e!!>venti!ated* secure area* $rotected

#ro& the %eather.

Stora"e area te&$eratures shou!d not

e3ceed 1': F 5:' FC6.

Stora"e shou!d be a%a) #ro& heavi!)

trave!ed areas and e&er"enc) e3its.

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Sa#et)

Avoid areas %here sa!t or other

corrosive &ateria!s are $resent.

Ja!ve $rotection ca$s and va!ve out!et

sea!s shou!d re&ain on c)!inders not

connected #or use.

Se$arate #u!! #ro& e&$t) c)!inders.

Avoid e3cessive inventor) and stora"e

ti&e.

Use a #irst>in #irst>out s)ste&.

@ee$ "ood inventor) records.

IJ. BG>PRODUCTS SPECIICATION

A. SODIU= CARBONATE

Sodiu& Carbonate is a %hite* cr)sta!!ine co&$ound so!ub!e in %ater 5absorbin" &oisture

#ro& the air6 but inso!ub!e in a!coho!. It #or&s a stron"!) a!,a!ine %ater so!ution. Soda ash is the

industria! na&e o# anh)drous sodiu& carbonate.

A. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Product Na&e Sodiu& Carbonate

=o!ecu!ar or&u!a Na'CO

HDPE !iner

Stora"e

Save in coo!* dr) and %e!! venti!ated

$!ace

Store in airti"ht containers

Avoid contact %ith %ater and &oisture

Trans$ortation ?and trans$ort

D. PRODUCT SAETG; DISPOSA?

Personne! Hea!th Sa#et) Assess&ent?o% ha4ard #or usua! industria! hand!in".

Environ&enta! Sa#et) Assess&entThe $roduct itse!# and its $roducts o#

de"radation are not to3ic.

aste Dis$osa!

aste &ust be dis$osed o# in accordance %ith

nationa! and !oca! environ&enta! contro!

re"u!ations.

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Documents

Chapter 1 Product Description V2 (1)