Chapter 1 – Population and Settlement

Chapter 2 – Economic Development

Mr. Wilson History 404

One of the many ways we interpret our surroundings is through a visual lens – So let us apply this to our study of History!

We will examine various paintings, sketches, portraits, etchings, printings and photographs.

After looking at the basic MECHANICS of the work, then we will look at the MESSAGE the image is trying to convey

Lastly, we will discuss the historical CONTEXT surrounding the images.

Painted by John Vanderlyn (American) in 1837.Mechanics:

Columbus bareheaded and bearing the standards of his King and Queen.

The cross is secondary and in the background, everyone looks great! The natives are also secondary and some are already bowing while the men in the back are already looking for gold.

Message:Columbus was a pious man, loyal too, and his arrival was

a good thing!

Context:400 years after the fact, this is an important event for the

U.S.

What was the motivation for Europe’s exploration across the Atlantic?

Discuss Europe’s arrival in the “New World” and how they viewed the “savage” natives.

What happened between the natives and the first European explorers / settlers?

How did the original relationships between the Natives and the Europeans eventually turn into business?

So here we have an image actually drawn by Champlain himself! (1609?)

Mechanics:A simple drawing that indicates the events of the day, 3

Europeans, all the Natives are naked and look the same!They are defending some kind of fort and you can see all

the canoes.

Message:Again, very simple, like a diary would be! Here is what

happened!

Context:Although it is part of Champlain’s memoires, how do we

know he actually drew it?

What does this image relate to, regarding the European’s interactions with the Natives? (Compare!)

Because of Champlain’s involvement, what did he manage to accomplish?

How did the relationships that Champlain formed effect the population and distribution of this “New World?”

Although Champlain was prepared to start relationships with the Natives, what was his overall motivation?

1601-1643 [1610-1643]

Painted in 1670Commissioned after

he died, most likely by his son – Louis XIV.

Shows his father as a upstanding military man!

King Louis XIV1638-1715 [1643-1715]Painted in 1701You can tell Louis XIV

was a man very concerned with his appearance!

Social power was how he dominated his country, as well as Europe…

King Louis XIII was the one who mandated the Company of 100 Associates to populate New France – why did he want this?

Remember that Champlain was a major shareholder in this company – how would that motivate his actions?

Louis XIV however, was the one who appointed Jean Talon, the Birth Incentives and eventually the 25% tax on the fur trade – what kind of impact did Louis the XIV have and what does this tell you about him?

Painted by Henri Julien in 1906.Mechanics:

The look of fright on the Voyageurs faces, out of control! Made a deal with the devil – but what is justified?

Message:An important part of Quebec’s heritage as the Voyageurs

were extremely important to the Fur Trade.

Context:Painted in 1906, this is one of the first Quebec “Fairy

Tales,” the equivalent in the U.S. would have been “Sleepy Hollow.”

As a culture, it shows strong family values, strong religious beliefs and it relates to a time when the British were not present!

The Bewitched Canoe relates directly to New France’s involvement in the Fur Trade – so what can you tell me about the Fur Trade?

What can you tell me about how the Europeans set up a trading network for getting the furs to Ville-Marie, Trois-Rivières or Quebec city?

How did the fur trade have an impact on the population, the economics and the territory of New France?

Painted by Jacques-Louis David, from 1811-1815.Mechanics:

There are actually five different versions of this painting, as David tried many different techniques.

The overall magnificence of the painting is most striking, and that is its purpose! But the gesture is also important.

Message:As a commander, this painting leaves little doubt of who is

in charge – as well as the inevitability of victory.

Context:In reference to the 1797 battles in Italy and Austria, when

Napoleon crossed the Alps and conquered both countries.

Bonaparte’s campaign in Europe led to what?

Because of Bonaparte’s decisions and the change in the fashion industry, describe what happened here.

How did the rise of the Timber Economy eventually lead to Early Industrialization, the Mechanization of Agriculture and the need for a greater transportation network across Upper and Lower Canada?