Chapter 1: Introduction to

Chemistry

I. Chemistry• A. Definition: study of composition of matter

and changes to it

• B. Matter: material making up everything

II. Types of Chemistry• A. Organic: all substances with carbon (sugars,

alcohols, proteins)

• B. Inorganic: any substance without carbon, mostly metal reactions

Aerial View of Amazon Rainforest Aerial View of Grand Canyon

• C. Analytic: composition of substances

• D. Physical: behavior of chemicals, ex. The stretching of nylon

• E. Biochemistry: chemical interactions of living organisms, ex. respiration

III. Scientific Method

IV. Parts of an Experiment• A. Independent variable: the factor in an

experiment that is changed

• B. Dependent variable: any factors that are changing in response to the independent variable

• C. Controlled variable: any factors that are held constant during the experiment

Example: Plant Growth in response to amount of water

V. Theory vs. Law• A. Theory: Explanation of an event

• B. Based on experimentally proven hypothesis

• C. Law: A very common observation

• D. Explains what happens, NOT WHY