Chapter 1. Intro to Fluid Power

8/4/2019 Chapter 1. Intro to Fluid Power

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Chapter 1

Introduction

to Fluid Power



Chapter 1: Intro to Fluid Power

1.1 What is fluid power?

1.2 History

1.3 Advantages1.4 Applications

1.5 Components1.6 Industry

Homework (exercises)

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1.1 What is Fluid Power?FP14

Actuator

(cylinder)

Actuator

(cylinder)

Actuator

(cylinder)

Conductor

(flexible hoses)

Control Unit(levers, valves)

Power Unit

(pump, reservoir, etc.)

Hydraulic-powered excavator



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(OR

CYLINDER)

1.1 What is Fluid Power?

Hydraulic

System



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Hydraulic System



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Hydraulic Power Unit Pneumatic Power Unit




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Fluid poweris the technology that deals with:

the generation,

the control,

the transmission of power using

pressurized fluids.




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Hydraulics =

Fluid power using liquid (oil or water).

Pneumatics =Fluid power using gas (air).




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Hydraulic fluid power uses

liquids which provide a very rigid medium

for transmitting power. Thus huge forces

can be provided to move loads with utmost

accuracy and precision.

Pneumatic systemsexhibit spongy

characteristics due to the compressibility

of air. However pneumatic systems are less

expensive to build and operate.


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Hydraulics: + -

OILWidely used

Good lubricant

Flammability

Environmental

concerns

Water

Abundance

Nonflammability

Environmental

cleanliness

Freezes more readily

Poor lubricant

Corrosion




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1.2 History of Fluid PowerCenturies ago:

Water wheels, windmills, propel ships…

By 1870:

Steam engines drove hydraulic waterpumps to drive cranes, presses, etc.

By 1906:

Hydraulic system used oil instead of water.

By 1926:

First unitized, packaged hydraulic system.



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1.2 History of Fluid PowerPascal’s law (1650):Pressure is transmitted uniformly

in a confined body of fluid.

Bernoulli’s law (1750):Conservation of energy for a fluid

flowing in apipeline

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1.2 History of Fluid Power

Robotized panel bender system

Today’s Fluid Power:

US Air Force B-2 Bomber B-2 Servoactuator



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1.3 Advantages of Fluid Power

Advantages of Fluid Power Systems Not hindered by geometry of machine.

Provides remote control.

Complex mechanical linkages are eliminated.

Instantly reversible motion. Automatic protection against overloads.

Infinitely variable speed control.

Advantages of Mechanical System: No mess due to oil leakage problems.

No danger of bursting of hydraulic lines.

No fire hazard due to oil leaks.

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1.4 Application of Fluid Power

One Current Wind Turbine may be as large as

375 feet rotor diameter, 400 feet height and produces

5 megawatt of electrical power (which can replace

the burning of 15 000 tons of coal per year).

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1.5 Components of a Fluid Power System

1.(hydraulic oil)

2.

3.Electric

motor

4.(Valves control oil direction,

pressure and flow rate)

(or other power source)

5. Actuator(Cylinder,

Hydraulic Motor)

6. Piping

Hydraulic System

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1.5 Components of a Fluid Power System

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Hydraulic System



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1.6 The Fluid Power Industry

Nearly all manufacturing plants rely onfluid power in the production of goods.

About 75 % of all fluid power sales are

hydraulic and 25 % are pneumatic.



HOMEWORK

WEEK 1 Exercises: 1-1; 1-2; 1-6; 1-12; 1-13

See the Course Outline under ‘Student

obligations to fulfill course requirements’

for a complete description of how to

submit the homework.

Documents

Chapter 1. Intro to Fluid Power