Chapter 1 General Information Contents

WSDOT Bridge Design Manual M 23-50.17 Page 1-i June 2017

1.1 Manual Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11.1.1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-11.1.2 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-21.1.3 Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-21.1.4 Revisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-41.1.5 DesignMemorandums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-4

1.2 BridgeandStructuresOfficeOrganization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-51.2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-51.2.2 OrganizationalElementsoftheBridgeOffice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-51.2.3 UnitResponsibilitiesandExpertise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9

1.3 Roles, Responsibilities and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-101.3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-101.3.2 GeneralDesignProcedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-101.3.3 Design/CheckCalculationFile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-171.3.4 PS&EReviewPeriod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-191.3.5 Addenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-191.3.6 ShopPlansandPermanentStructureConstructionProcedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-191.3.7 ContractPlanChanges(ChangeOrdersandAs-Builts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-221.3.8 ArchivingDesignCalculations,DesignFiles,andS&EFiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-241.3.9 PublicDisclosurePolicyRegardingBridgePlans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-261.3.10 UseofComputerSoftware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-27

1.4 QualityControl/QualityAssurance/QualityVerification (QC/QA/QV) Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-281.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-281.4.2 WSDOTPreparedBridge(orStructure)PreliminaryPlans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-281.4.3 WSDOTPreparedPS&E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-291.4.4 ConsultantPreparedPS&E/PreliminaryPlansonWSDOTRightofWay . . . . . . . . . . . .1-341.4.5 StructuralDesignWorkPreparedUnderDesign-BuildorGCCMMethods

ofProjectDelivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-35

1.5 Bridge Design Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-361.5.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-361.5.2 PreliminaryDesignSchedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-361.5.3 FinalDesignSchedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-36

1.6 Guidelines for Bridge Site Visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-391.6.1 BridgeRehabilitationProjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-391.6.2 BridgeWideningandSeismicRetrofits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-391.6.3 RailandMinorExpansionJointRetrofits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-391.6.4 NewBridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-401.6.5 BridgeDemolition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-401.6.6 ProximityofRailroadsAdjacenttotheBridgeSite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-40

1.7 Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-41Appendix1.1-A1 BridgeDesignManualRevisionQC/QAWorksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-42Appendix1.3-A1 Bridge&StructuresDesignCalculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-43Appendix1.4-A1 QC/QASignatureSheet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-44

1.99 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-45

Chapter 1 General Information Contents

Contents

Page 1-ii WSDOT Bridge Design Manual M 23-50.17 June 2017

WSDOT Bridge Design Manual M 23-50.17 Page 1-1 June 2017

Chapter 1 General Information

1.1 Manual Description1.1.1 Purpose

TheBridge Design Manual (BDM)M23-50setsthestandardforbridgeandstructuredesignswithintheWashingtonStateDepartmentofTransportation’s(WSDOT)rightofway.ThismanualoutlinesWSDOTdesigndetailsandmethods,incorporatingstandardpracticesthatarebasedonyearsofexperience.TheBDMalsoidentifieswhereWSDOTstandardofpracticesdifferfromtheAASHTOspecifications.

ThedesigndetailsanddesignmethodsoftheBDMshallbeusedinthedevelopmentofanybridgeorstructureprojectwithintheWSDOTrightofway.AdherencetotheBDMisexpectedforallbridgeorstructuralprojectsthatarelocatedwithintheWSDOTrightofway.

TheBridge Design Manualisadynamicdocument,whichconstantlychangesbecauseofthecreativityandinnovativeskillsofourbridgedesignersandstructuraldetailers.Itisnotintendedforthedesignofunusualstructuresortoinhibitthedesignerintheexerciseofengineeringjudgment.Theinformation,guidance,andreferencescontainedhereinarenotintendedasasubsituteforexperience,soundengineeringjudgment,andcommonsense.

A. Use of Bridge Design Manual on Design-Build Projects

Whenareferenceismadeto“Bridge Design Manual”or“BDM”intheDesign-BuildContractorMandatoryStandards,theDesign-Buildershallproceedasfollows:• ReferfirsttoBridge Design ManualChapter15“StructuralDesignRequirementsforDesign-BuildContracts”.AllrequirementsinBridge Design ManualChapter15areContractrequirements.

• IftheDesign-BuildContractoraMandatoryStandardreferencesaspecificsectionoftheBridge Design Manual,theDesign-BuildershallreviewtheapplicableportionsofBridge Design ManualChapter15.IftherearediscrepanciesbetweenBridge Design Manual Chapter15andthespecificsectionreference,Chapter15shallhavecontractualprecedence.

• AllotherportionsofChapters1-14oftheBridge Design Manual shallbeconsideredaReferenceDocument.

General Information Chapter 1

Page 1-2 WSDOT Bridge Design Manual M 23-50.17 June 2017

1.1.2 SpecificationsThismanualandthecurrenteditionsofthefollowingAASHTOSpecificationsarethebasicdocumentsusedtodesignhighwaybridgesandstructuresinWashingtonState:• AASHTOLRFD Bridge Design Specifications(AASHTOLRFD)• AASHTOGuide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design (SEISMIC)

TheBridge Design ManualisnotintendedtoduplicatetheAASHTOSpecifications.ThismanualsupplementstheAASHTOSpecificationsbyprovidingadditionaldirection,designaides,examples,andinformationonofficepractice.TheBridge Design ManualtakesprecedencewhereconflictexistswiththeAASHTOSpecifications.TheWSDOTBridgeDesignEngineerwillprovideguidanceasnecessary.

TheprescriptedtermsusedintheBDMaredefinedasfollows:• Theterm“shall”indicatesthataprovisionintheBDMismandatory.• Theterm“should”indicatesastrongpreferenceforagivencriteria.• Theterm“may”indicatesacriterionthatisusable,butotherlocalandsuitabledocumented,verified,andapprovedcriterionmayalsobeusedinamannerconsistentwiththeLRFDapproachtobridgedesign.

• Theterm“recommended”isusedtogiveguidancebasedonpastexperience.

Referencesarelistedattheendofeachchapter.

1.1.3 FormatA. General

TheBridge Design Manualconsistsofonevolumewitheachchapterorganizedasfollows:

Criteriaorotherinformation(printedonwhitepaper)

AppendixA(printedonyellowpaper)DesignAids

AppendixB(printedonsalmonpaper)DesignExamples

B. Chapters

1. GeneralInformation

2. PreliminaryDesign

3. Loads

4. SeismicDesignandRetrofit

5. ConcreteStructures

6. StructuralSteel

7. SubstructureDesign

8. WallsandBuriedStructures

9. BearingsandExpansionJoints

10.Signs,Barriers,ApproachSlabs,Utilities

11.DetailingPractice

12.Quantities,ConstructionCosts,andSpecifications

13.BridgeLoadRating

14.AcceleratedandInnovativeBridgeConstruction



C. Numbering System

1.

Thenumberingsystemforthecriteriaconsistsofasetofnumbersfollowedbylettersasrequiredtodesignateindividualsubjectsbychapter,section,andsubsection.

Example:

Chapter5 ConcreteStructures (Chapter)

5.3 ReinforcedConcreteBoxGirderBridges (Section)

5.3.2 Reinforcement (Subsection)

A. TopSlabReinforcement

1. NearCenterofSpan

a. TransverseReinforcement

2. Numbering of Sheets

Eachsectionstartsanewpagenumberingsequence.Thepagenumbersarelocatedintheloweroutsidecornersandbeginwiththechapternumber,followedbythesectionnumber,thenahyphenandsequentialpagenumber.

Example:5-1,5-2,etc.

3. Appendices

Appendicesareincludedtoprovidethedesignerwithdesignaids(AppendixA)andexamples(AppendixB).Designaidsaregenerallystandardinnature,whereasexamplesaremodifiedtomeetspecificjobrequirements.

Anappendixisnumberedusingthechapterfollowedbysectionnumberandthenahyphenandtheletteroftheappendixfollowedbyconsecutivenumbers.

Example:5.3-A1(BoxGirderBridges)designatesadesignaidrequiredorusefultoaccomplishtheworkdescribedinChapter5,Section3.

4. Numbering of Tables and Figures

Tablesandfiguresshallbenumberedusingthechapter,section,subsectioninwhichtheyarelocated,andthenahyphenfollowedbyconsecutivenumbers.

Example:Figure5.3.2-1isthefirstfigurefoundinChapter5,section3,subsection2.



1.1.4 RevisionsRevisionstothismanualarerelatedtoemergingconcepts,newstateorfederallegislation,andcommentsforwardedtotheBridgeDesignOffice.Somerevisionsaresimplespotchanges,whileothersaremajorchapterrewrites.Thecurrentversionofthemanualisavailableonlineat:www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/m23-50.htm.

Allpagesincludearevisionnumberandpublicationdate.Whenapageisrevised,therevisionnumberandpublicationdatearerevised.Revisionsshallbeclearlyindicatedinthetext.

TheprocessoutlinedbelowisfollowedforBridge Design Manualrevisions:

1. Revisionsareprepared,checkedandcoordinatedwithchapterauthors.

2. RevisionsaresubmittedtotheBridgeDesignEngineerandtheFHWAWADivisionBridgeEngineerforapproval.However,commentsrelatedtogrammarandclaritycanbesentdirectlytotheBDMCoordinatorwithoutBridgeDesignEngineerortheFHWAapproval.

3. AfterapprovalfromtheBridgeDesignEngineerandFHWA,theBDMCoordinatorworkswithWSDOTEngineeringPublicationstorevisethemanual.

4. RevisedpagesfromEngineeringPublicationsarecheckedforaccuracyandcorrectedifnecessary.

5. APublicationTransmittalispreparedbyEngineeringPublications.PublicationTransmittalsincluderemarksandinstructionsforupdatingthemanual.AfterthePublicationsTransmittalhasbeensignedbytheStateBridgeandStructuresEngineer,EngineeringPublicationswillpostthecompletemanualandrevisionat:www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/m23-50.htm.

6. EngineeringPublicationswillcoordinateelectronicandhardcopydistributions.

ARevisionQA/QCWorksheet(seeAppendix1.1-A1)shallbepreparedtodocumentandtracktherevisionprocess.

1.1.5 Design MemorandumsTheWSDOTBridgeDesignEngineermayissueDesignMemorandumsasinterimupdatestothismanual.ActiveDesignMemorandumssupersedetheBridge Design Manual.ActiveDesignMemorandumsareavailableat:www.wsdot.wa.gov/Bridge/Structures/Memos.

CheckforactiveDesignMemorandumsonaregularbasis.

www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/m23-50.htm

www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/m23-50.htm

http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Bridge/Structures/Memos

http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Bridge/Structures/Memos



1.2 BridgeandStructuresOfficeOrganization1.2.1 General

TheprimaryresponsibilitiesoftheBridgeandStructuresOfficeareto:• ProvidesstructuralengineeringservicesforWSDOT.• Providestechnicaladviceandassistancetoothergovernmentalagenciesonsuchmatters.

TheDesign Manual M22-01statesthefollowing:

BridgedesignistheresponsibilityoftheBridgeandStructuresOfficeinOlympia.AnydesignauthorizedattheRegionlevelissubjecttoreviewandapprovalbytheBridgeandStructuresOffice.

1.2.2 OrganizationalElementsoftheBridgeOfficeA. State Bridge and Structures Engineer

TheStateBridgeandStructuresEngineerisresponsibleforstructuralengineeringservicesforthedepartmentandmanagesstaffandprogramsforstructuraldesign,contractplanpreparation,inspectionsandassessmentsofexistingbridges.

B. Bridge Design Engineer

TheBridgeDesignEngineerisdirectlyresponsibletotheBridgeandStructuresEngineerforstructuraldesignandreview,andadvisesotherdivisionsandagenciesonsuchmatters.TheBridgeDesignEngineerisresponsibleforassigningsupportofCostRiskAssessment’s,CostEstimateValidationProcess,andworkshopsupport.

1. Structural Design Units

TheStructuralDesignUnitsareresponsibleforthedesignofbridgesandotherstructures.Designincludespreparationofcontractplans.Theunitsprovidespecialdesignstudies,developdesigncriteria,checkshopplans,andreviewdesignssubmittedbyconsultants.Frequently,theBridgeDesignEngineerassignstheunitstheresponsibilityforpreparingpreliminarybridgeplansandotherunscheduledworkthroughtheoversightoftheDesignUnitManager.

TheDesignUnitManagerprovidesday-to-dayleadership,projectworkforceplanning,mentoring,andsupervisionforthedesignunit.TheDesignUnitManagerisassistedbyanAssistantSupervisorwhodirectlysupervisesaportionofthegroupandperformsothertasksasdelegatedbytheDesignUnitManager.Organizationandjobassignmentswithintheunitareflexibleanddependonprojectsunderwayatanyparticulartimeaswellasthequalificationsandexperiencelevelofindividuals.Theprimaryobjectiveofthedesignunitsistoproducecontractdocumentsforbridgesandstructureswithinscope,scheduleandbudget.Thisinvolvesdesigning,checking,reviewing,anddetailinginanefficientandtimelymanner.

http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Publications/Manuals/M22-01.htm

http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/fulltext/Bridge/Contacts.pdf#page=3



StructuralDesignUnitsincludeSpecialistswithparticularareasofexpertiseincludingconcrete,steel,seismicdesignandretrofit,andexpansionjoints/bearings.TheSpecialistsactasaresourcefortheBridgeOfficeintheirspecialtyandareresponsibleforkeepingup-to-dateoncurrentAASHTOcriteria,newdesignconceptsandproducts,technicalpublications,constructionandmaintenanceissues,andaretheprimarypointsofcontactforindustryrepresentatives.

TheStructuralDesignunitsarealsoresponsibleforthedesignandpreparationofcontractplansformodificationstobridgesinservice.Theseincludebridgerailreplacement,deckrepair,seismicretrofits,emergencyrepairswhenbridgesaredamagedbyvehicleorshipcollisionornaturalphenomenon,andexpansionjointanddrainageretrofits.Theyreviewproposedplansofutilityattachmentstoexistingbridges.

2. Project Support Unit

TheBridgeProjectsSupportEngineerdirectspreliminarydesignwork,specificationandcostestimatespreparationandprojectscoping.

ThePreliminaryPlanEngineersareresponsibleforbridgeprojectplanningfrominitialscopingtodesigntype,size,andlocation(TSL)studiesandreports.Theyareresponsibleforpreliminaryplanpreparationofbridgeandwallsincludingassemblyandanalysisofsitedata,preliminarystructuralanalysis,costanalysis,determinationofstructuretype,anddrawingpreparation.Theyalsocheckpreliminaryplanspreparedbyothers,reviewhighwayprojectenvironmentaldocumentsanddesignreports,andprepareU.S.CoastGuardPermits.

TheSpecificationsandEstimate(S&E)Engineersdevelopandmaintainconstructionspecificationsandcostestimatesforbridgeprojects.Theyalsodevelopspecificationsandcostestimatesforbridgecontractspreparedbyconsultantsandothergovernmentagencies,whichareadministeredbyWSDOT.TheyassembleandreviewthecompletedbridgePS&EbeforesubmittaltotheRegions.TheyalsocoordinatethePS&EpreparationwiththeRegionsandmaintainbridgeconstructioncostrecords.

Inaddition,theunitisresponsibleforupdatingtheBridge Design Manual M23-50.TheunitcoordinateschangestotheStandard SpecificationsandfacilitatesupdatesorrevisionstoWSDOTBridgeOfficedesignstandards.

3. Mega Project Bridge Manager

TheMegaProjectBridgeManagerprovidesleadership,guidanceandprojectmanagementresponsibilitiesforvariouscomplex,uniqueandmonumentalbridgedesignandconstructionprojects.MegaBridgeProjectsaredefinedassuspension,cable-stayed,movable,segmentaloracomplexgroupofinterchange/corridorbridgesandincludeconventionalanddesign-buildprojectdeliverymethods.TheMegaProjectBridgeManagerrepresentstheBridgeandStructuresOfficeinCostEstimateValidationProcessactivities,ValueEngineeringStudiesandResearchProjectsregardingmajorbridgeprojects.




C. Bridge Preservation Engineer

TheBridgePreservationEngineerdirectsactivitiesanddevelopsprogramstoassurethestructuralandfunctionalintegrityofallstatebridgesinservice.TheBridgePreservationEngineerdirectsemergencyresponseactivitieswhenbridgesaredamaged.

1. Bridge Preservation Office (BPO)

TheBridgePreservationOfficeisresponsibleforplanningandimplementinganinspectionprogramforthemorethan3,200fixedandmovablestatehighwaybridges,signbridgesandcantileversignstructures.Inaddition,BPOprovidesinspectionservicesonsomelocalagencybridgesandonthestate’sferryterminals.AllinspectionsareconductedinaccordancewiththeNationalBridgeInspectionStandards(NBIS).

BPOmaintainsthecomputerizedWashingtonStateBridgeInventorySystem(WSBIS)ofcurrentinformationonmorethan7,300state,county,andcitybridgesinaccordancewiththeNBIS.Thisincludesloadratingsforallbridges.BPOpreparesaBridge Listofthestate’sbridges,whichispublishedeverytwoyears,maintainstheintranet-basedBridgeEngineeringInformationSystem(BEIST),andpreparestheannualRecommendedBridgeRepairList(RBRL)basedonthelatestinspectionreportsforstateownedstructures.

BPOisresponsibleforthebridgeloadratingandriskreduction(Scour)programs.Itprovidesdamageassessmentsandemergencyresponseserviceswhenbridgesaredamagedbecauseofvehicleorshipcollisionornaturalphenomenonsuchas:floods,wind,orearthquakes.

D. Bridge Asset Management Engineer

TheBridgeAssetManagementEngineerisresponsiblefortheprogramdevelopment,planningandmonitoringofallstatewidebridgeprogramactivities.TheseincludeStructuresPreservation-P2programfundedbridgereplacementsandrehabilitation,bridgedeckprotection,majorbridgerepair,andbridgepainting.

TheBridgeAssetManagementEngineersupervisestheConstructionSupportUnit,theBridgeArchivingEngineer,theBridgeSchedulingEngineer,theComputerSupportUnit,theConsultantLiaisonEngineer,BridgeDeckManagementEngineer,andtheSeismicandScourProgramsEngineer.

TheConstructionSupportUnitEngineersareresponsibleforcheckingthecontractor’sfalsework,shoring,andformingplans.Shopplanreviewandapprovalarecoordinatedwiththedesignunits.Actualcheckoftheshopplansisdoneinthedesignunit.Fieldrequestsforplanchangescomethroughthisofficeforarecommendationastoapproval.

TheBridgeArchiveEngineerprocessesas-builtplansinthisunit.RegionProjectEngineersareresponsibleforpreparingandsubmittingas-builtplansatthecompletionofacontract.

http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/fulltext/M23-09/BridgeList.pdf



TheSchedulingEngineermonitorsthedesignworkschedulefortheBridgeandStructuresOffice,updatestheBridgeDesignSchedule(BDS)andmaintainsrecordsofbridgecontractcosts.OtherdutiesincludecoordinatingprogressreportstoRegionsbytheUnitSupervisorsandS&EEngineersthroughtheProjectDeliveryInformationSystem(PDIS).

TheComputerSupportUnitisresponsibleforcomputerresourceplanningandimplementation,computerusersupport,liaisonwithManagementInformationSystems(MIS),computeraidedengineeroperationsupport,andsoftwaredevelopmentactivities.Inaddition,theunitworkscloselywiththeBridgeProjectSupportUnitinupdatingthismanualandStandard Plans.

TheConsultantLiaisonEngineerpreparesbridgeconsultantagreementsandcoordinatesconsultantPS&EdevelopmentactivitieswiththoseoftheBridgeOffice.TheConsultantLiaisonEngineernegotiatesbridgedesigncontractswithconsultants.

Inaddition,theBridgeAssetManagementEngineermanagesthebridgedeckprotection,decktestingandthebridgeresearchprograms.Itisresponsiblefortheplanning,development,coordination,andimplementationofnewprograms(e.g.,SeismicRetrofitandPreventativeMaintenance),experimentalfeatureprojects,newproductevaluation,andtechnologytransfer.

TheBridgeAssetManagementEngineeristheBridgeandStructuresOffice’sofficialPublicDisclosurecontact.(SeeSection1.3.9PublicDisclosurePolicyRegardingBridgePlans).

E. State Bridge and Structures Architect

TheStateBridgeandStructuresArchitectisresponsibleforreviewingandapprovingbridgepreliminaryplans,retainingwalls,preparingrenderings,coordinatingaestheticactivitieswithRegions(i.e.suggestingcorridorthemesandapprovingpublicart),andotherdutiestoimprovetheaestheticsofourbridgesandstructures.TheStateBridgeandStructuresArchitectworkscloselywithbridgeofficeandregionstaff.Duringthedesignphase,designersshouldgettheArchitect’sapprovalforanychangestoarchitecturaldetailsshownontheapprovedpreliminaryplan.

F. Staff Support Unit

TheStaffSupportUnitisresponsibleformanysupportfunctions,suchas:typing,timekeeping,payroll,receptionist,vehiclemanagement,mail,inventorymanagement,andotherdutiesrequestedbytheBridgeandStructuresEngineer.Otherdutiesinclude:filingfielddata,plansforbridgesundercontractorconstructed,anddesigncalculations.Thisunitalsomaintainsofficesuppliesandprovidesotherservices.

G. Office Administrator

TheOfficeAdministratorisresponsibleforcoordinatingpersonnelactions,updatingtheorganizationalchart,orderingtechnicalmaterials,andotherdutiesrequestedbytheBridgeandStructuresEngineer.StaffdevelopmentandtrainingarecoordinatedthroughtheOfficeAdministrator.TheOfficeAdministratoralsohandleslogisticalsupport,officeandbuildingmaintenanceissues.

http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Design/Standards/



1.2.3 Unit Responsibilities and ExpertiseThefollowingisanupdatedsummaryofthestructuraldesign,reviewandplanpreparationresponsibilities/expertisewithintheBridgeDesignSection.ContacttheUnitSupervisorforthenameoftheappropriatestaffexpertfortheneededspecialty.

Unit Supervisor Responsibility/Expertise

Mike Bauer CoastGuardPermits SpecialProvisionsandCostEstimates PreliminaryDesign Bridge Design Manual M23-50 BridgeTrafficBarriersandRailRetrofits

Richard Stoddard ConcreteDesignTechnicalSupport SeismicDesignTechnicalSupport

Richard Zeldenrust OverheadandBridge-MountedSignStructures LightStandard&TrafficSignalSupports RepairstoDamagedBridges StructuralSteelTechnicalSupport

EmergencySlideRepairs RetainingWalls(includingStructuralEarth,SoldierPile andTie-Back,Geosynthetic,andSoilNail) Pre-ApprovalofRetainingWallSystems NoiseBarrierWalls BearingandExpansionJoints

DeWayne Wilson BridgePreservationProgram(P2Funds)– Establishneedsandpriorities(Seismic,Scour,Deck Overlay,SpecialRepairs,Painting,Replacement, MiscStructuresPrograms) BridgeManagementSystem BridgeProjectsScheduling BridgeEngineeringSoftwareandCAD Construction Support includingFalsework, FormingandTemporaryStructures ConsultantLiaison

Tim Moore MegaProjectsManager

Paul Kinderman StateBridge&StructuresArchitect



1.3 Roles, Responsibilities and Procedures1.3.1 General

1.3.2 General Design ProceduresA. PS&E Prepared by WSDOT Bridge and Structures Office

1. Design Team

ThedesignteamusuallyconsistsoftheDesigner(s),Checker(s),StructuralDetailer(s),Bridge&StructuresArchitect,andaSpecificationandEstimateEngineer,whoareresponsibleforpreparingasetofcontractdocumentsonorbeforethescheduledduedate(s)andwithinthebudgetallocatedfortheproject.Onlargeprojects,theDesignUnitManagermaydesignateadesignertobeaProjectCoordinatorwithadditionalduties,suchas:assistingtheDesignUnitManagerincommunicatingwiththeRegion,coordinatingandcommunicatingwiththeGeotechnicalBranch,andmonitoringtheactivitiesofthedesignteam.

Ingeneral,itisagoodpracticetohavesomeexperienceddesignersoneverydesignteam.Alldesignteammembersshouldhavetheopportunitytoprovideinputtomaximizethequalityofthedesignplans.

2. Designer Responsibility

Thedesignerisresponsibleforthecontentofthecontractplansheets,includingstructuralanalysis,completenessandcorrectness.Agoodsetofexampleplans,whichisrepresentativeofthebridgetype,isindispensableasanaidtolessexperienceddesignersanddetailers.

Duringthedesignphaseofaproject,thedesignerwillneedtocommunicatefrequentlywiththeDesignUnitManagerandotherstakeholders.Thisincludesacquiring,finalizingorrevisingroadwaygeometrics,soilreports,hydraulicsrecommendations,andutilityrequirements.ConstructabilityissuesmayalsorequirethatthedesignercommunicatewiththeRegionorConstructionOffice.Thedesignermayhavetoorganizeface-to-facemeetingstoresolveconstructabilityissuesearlyinthedesignphase.ThebridgeplansmustbecoordinatedwiththePS&EpackagesproducedconcurrentlybytheRegion.

ThedesignershalladvisetheDesignUnitManagerassoonaspossibleofanyscopeandprojectcostincreasesandthereasonsfortheincreases.TheDesignUnitManagerwillthennotifytheRegionprojectofficeifthedeliveryschedulewillhavetobechanged.IfRegionconcurswithachangeinthedeliverydate,theDesignUnitManagershallnotifytheBridgeSchedulingEngineerofthereviseddeliverydates.

ThedesignerorProjectCoordinatorisresponsibleforprojectplanningwhichinvolvesthefollowing:

a. Determinesscopeofwork,identifiestasksandplansorderofwork.

b. Preparedesigncriteriathatareincludedinthefrontofthedesigncalculations.ComparestaskswithBDMofficepracticeandAASHTOBridge Design Specifications.

i. Insuresthatdesignguidelinesaresufficient.



ii. ProvidesjustificationforanydeviationfromAASHTOBridge Design Manual.

iii. Providesjustificationfordesignapproach.

iv. Providesjustificationforanydeviationfromofficepracticesregardingdesignanddetails.

v. Otherdifferences.

c. MeetwiththeRegiondesignstaffandotherprojectstakeholdersearlyinthedesignprocesstoresolveasmanyissuesaspossiblebeforeproceedingwithfinaldesignanddetailing.

d. Identifycoordinationneedswithotherdesigners,units,andoffices.

e. Earlyintheproject,thebridgesheetnumberingsystemshouldbecoordinatedwiththeRegiondesignstaff.Forprojectswithmultiplebridges,eachsetofbridgesheetsshouldhaveauniquesetofbridgesheetnumbers.

f. AtleastmonthlyorasdirectedbytheDesignUnitManager:

i. UpdateProjectScheduleandListofSheets.

ii. Estimatepercentcomplete.

iii. Estimatetimetocomplete.

iv. WorkwithDesignUnitManagertoadjustresources,ifnecessary.

g. DeveloppreliminaryquantitiesforallcostestimatesafterthePreliminaryPlanstage.

h. Nearendofproject:

i. Developquantities,Not Included in Bridge Quantity List, and Special Provisions Checklist thataretobeturnedinwiththeplans.(SeeSection12.4.4).

ii. PreparetheBarList.

iii. Coordinateallfinalchanges,includingreviewcommentsreceivedfromtheBridgeSpecificationsandEstimatesEngineer.

iv. MeetwithRegiondesignstaffandotherprojectstakeholdersattheconstructabilityreview/roundtablereviewmeetingstoaddressfinalprojectcoordinationissues.

ThedesignershouldinformtheDesignUnitManagerofanyareasofthedesign,whichshouldreceivespecialattentionduringcheckingandreview.

Thedesigncalculationsarepreparedbythedesignerandbecomeaveryimportantrecorddocument.Designcalculationswillbeareferencedocumentduringtheconstructionofthestructureandthroughoutthelifeofthestructure.Itiscriticalthatthedesigncalculationsbeuserfriendly.Thedesigncalculationsshallbewellorganized,clear,properlyreferenced,andincludenumberedpagesalongwithatableofcontents.ThedesignandcheckcalculationsshallbeboundandarchivedinaccordancewithSection1.3.8.Theboundcalculationsshallbestamped,signed,anddated



byaregisteredprofessionalEngineerintheStateofWashingtonandshallfollowtheWSDOTBridgeandStructuresoffice’spolicyforstampingofplansheetsinaccordancewithSection1.4.3.A.7.Computerfilesshallbearchivedforuseduringconstruction,intheeventthatchangedconditionsarise.

ThedesigneroranotherassignedindividualisalsoresponsibleforresolvingconstructionproblemsreferredtotheBridgeOfficeduringthelifeofthecontract.TheseissueswillgenerallybereferredthroughtheBridgeTechnicalAdvisor,theDesignUnitManager,theConstructionSupportUnit,ortheHQConstruction-Bridge.

3. Structural Detailer Responsibility

Thestructuraldetailerisresponsibleforthequalityandconsistencyofthecontractplansheets.ThestructuraldetailershallensurethattheBridgeOfficedraftingstandardsasexplainedinChapter11areupheld.

a. RefertoChapter11,fordetailingpractices.

b. Providenecessaryandadequateinformationtoensurethecontractplansareaccurate,complete,andreadable.

c. Detailplansheetsinaconsistentmannerandfollowaccepteddetailingpractices.

d. Checkplansforgeometry,reinforcingsteelcongestion,consistency,andverifycontroldimensions.

e. Checkforpropergrammarandspelling.

f. Onmultiplebridgecontracts,workwiththeDesigner/ProjectCoordinatortoensurethatthestructuraldetailingofallbridgeswithinthecontractshallbecoordinatedtomaximizeconsistencyofdetailingfrombridgetobridge.Extraeffortwillberequiredtoensureuniformityofdetails,particularlyifmultipledesignunitsand/orconsultantsareinvolvedinpreparingbridgeplans.

g. Maintainanongoingunderstandingofbridgeconstructiontechniquesandpractices.

4. Specialist Responsibility

AllbridgeandwallprojectsinitiatedwithasignedBridgePreliminaryPlan.

TheprimaryresponsibilityofthespecialististoactasaknowledgeresourcefortheBridgeandStructuresOffice,WSDOT,othergovernmentalagenciesandconsultants.Designersareencouragedtoconsultspecialistsforcomplexprojectsearlyinthedesignprocess.DesignUnitManagersoverseeingadesignprojectshouldactivelyidentifyanycomplexorunusualfeatures,earlyinthedesignprocess,andencouragethedesignersinvolvedtoseekinputfromthesuitableSpecialist.TheSpecialistsmaintainanactiveknowledgeoftheirspecialtyarea,alongwithacurrentfileofproductsanddesignprocedures.TheSpecialistsmaintainindustrycontacts.Specialistsprovidetrainingintheirareaofexpertise.



Specialistsareexpectedtoremainengagedwiththedesigneffortsbeingcarriedoutintheofficerelatedtotheirspecialty.AtthediscretionoftheDesignUnitManager,theSpecialistsmayberequestedtoreview,commentonandinitialplansintheirareaofexpertisepreparedbyotherdesigners.SpecialistsareexpectedtoreviewselecteddesignworkforconsistencywithotherWSDOTprojects,andforadherencetocurrentofficepracticeandcurrentindustrypractice.

SpecialistsassisttheBridgeandStructuresEngineerinreviewingandvotingonamendmentstoAASHTOspecifications.

SpecialistsareresponsibleforkeepingtheirrespectivechaptersoftheBridge Design ManualM23-50uptodate.

TheConcreteandSteelspecialistactasDesignUnitManagersfortheStructuralDetailerswithintheirunit.Theyareresponsiblefortheday-to-daysupervisionoftheStructuralDetailers,includingtimesheetandevaluationresponsibilities.TheConcreteandSteelSpecialistsarealsoreliedupontoassisttheDesignUnitManagerinallocatingdetailingstaff,andcompletingStructuralDetailerstaffingprojections.

AsecondaryresponsibilityoftheConcreteandSteelSpecialististoserveasDesignUnitManagerwhentheDesignUnitManagerisabsent.

SignStructuredesign,Walldesign,andTrafficBarrier&RaildesignarethreespecialtyareaswheredesignandreviewworkhastraditionallybeendirectedtodedicatedstaffineachofthethreemaindesigngroupswithintheBridgeDesignOffice(seeSection1.2.3).DesignguidanceorreviewrequestsforunusualoruniqueprojectsinvolvingthesethreespecialtyareasshouldbedirectedtotheapplicableDesignUnitManagerfordesignorreview.

5. Specification and Estimating Engineer Responsibilities

TheS&EEngineerisresponsibleforcompilingthePS&Epackageforbridgeand/orrelatedhighwaystructuralcomponents.ThisPS&EpackageincludesSpecialProvisions(BridgeSpecialProvisionsorBSPsandGeneralSpecialProvisionsorGSPsasappropriate),constructioncostestimate,constructionworkingdayschedule,testholeboringlogsandotherappendicesasappropriate,andthedesignplanpackage.

TheS&EEngineerisalsoresponsibleforsoliciting,receiving,compilingandturningovertothedesignerallreviewcommentsreceivedaftertheBridgePlansturn-in.ItisimperativethatallreviewcommentsarechanneledthroughtheS&EEngineertoensureconsistencybetweenthefinalbridgeplans,specificationsandestimate.

ForadetaileddescriptionoftheS&EEngineer’sresponsibilities,seeSection12.4.



6. Design Unit Manager Responsibility

a. TheDesignUnitManagerisresponsibletotheBridgeDesignEngineerforthetimelycompletionandqualityofthebridgeplans.

b. TheDesignUnitManagerworkscloselywiththeProjectCoordinatorandthedesignteam(designer,checker,andstructuraldetailer)duringthedesignandplanpreparationphasestohelpavoidmajorchangeslateinthedesignprocess.Activitiesduringthecourseofdesigninclude:

i. Evaluatethecomplexityoftheprojectandthedesigner’sskillandclassificationleveltodelivertheprojectinatimelymanner.Determineboththedegreeofsupervisionnecessaryforthedesignerandtheamountofcheckingrequiredbythechecker.

ii. Assistthedesignteamindefiningthescopeofwork,identifyingthetaskstobeaccomplishedanddevelopingaprojectworkplan.

iii.Makesuitablestaffingassignmentsanddevelopadesignteamtimeestimatetoensurethattheprojectcanbecompletedontimeandwithinbudget.

iv. Reviewandapprovedesigncriteriabeforestartofdesign.

vi. Helpleaddesignerconductface-to-faceprojectmeetings,suchas:project“kick-off”and“wrap-up”meetingswithRegion,geotechnicalstaff,bridgeconstruction,andconsultantstoresolveoutstandingissues.

vii.Participateincoordinating,scheduling,andcommunicatingwithstakeholders,customers,andoutsideagenciesrelatingtomajorstructuraldesignissues.

vii.Facilitateresolutionofmajorprojectdesignissues.

viii.Assistthedesignteamwithplanning,anticipatingpossibleproblems,collectivelyidentifyingsolutions,andfacilitatingtimelydeliveryofneededinformation,suchasgeometrics,hydraulics,foundationinformation,etc.

ix. Interactwithdesignteamregularlytodiscussprogress,problems,scheduleandbudget,analysistechniques,constructabilityanddesignissues.Alwaysencourageforwardthinking,innovativeideasandsuggestionsforqualityimprovement.

x. Arrangeforandprovidethenecessaryresources,timeandtoolsforthedesignteamtodothejobrightthefirsttime.Offerassistancetohelpresolvequestionsorproblems.

xi. Helpdocumentanddisseminateinformationonspecialfeaturesandlessonslearnedforthebenefitofothersandfutureprojects.

xii.Mentorandtraindesignersanddetailersthroughtheassignmentofavarietyofstructuretypes.



c. TheDesignUnitManagerworkscloselywiththedesignteamduringtheplanreviewphase.Revieweffortsshouldconcentrateonreviewingthecompletedplandetailsanddesigncalculationsforcompletenessandforagreementwithofficecriteriaandofficepractices.Reviewthefollowingperiodicallyandattheendoftheproject:

i. DesignCriteria• Seismicdesignmethodology,accelerationcoefficient(“a”value),andanyseismicanalysisassumptions.

• Foundationreportrecommendations,selectionofalternates.• DeviationsfromAASHTO,thismanualandproperconsiderationofanyapplicableDesignMemorandums.

ii. DesignTimeandBudget

d. Estimatetimetocompletetheproject.PlanresourceallocationforcompletingtheprojecttomeetthescheduledAdDateandbudget.Monitormonthlytimespentontheproject.

Planandassignworkforcetoensureatimelydeliveryoftheprojectwithintheestimatedtimeandbudget.AtmonthlyDesignUnitManagers’schedulingmeetings,notifytheBridgeProjectSupportEngineerifaprojectisbehindschedule.

e. AdvisetheRegionofanyprojectscopecreepandconstructioncostincreases.Asaminimum,usequarterlystatusreportstoupdateRegiononprojectprogress.

f. Useappropriatecomputerschedulingsoftwareorothermeanstomonitortimeusage,toallocateresources,andtoplanprojects.

g. Reviewconstructabilityissues.Arethereanyproblemsuniquetotheproject?

7. Bridge Design Engineer’s Responsibilities

TheBridgeDesignEngineeristhecoach,mentor,andfacilitatorfortheWSDOTBridgeDesignProcedure.TheleadershipandsupportprovidedbythispositionisamajorinfluenceinassuringqualityforstructuraldesignsperformedbybothWSDOTandconsultants.ThefollowingsummarizesthekeyresponsibilitiesoftheBridgeDesignEngineer:

a. PriortotheBridgeDesignEngineerstampingandsigninganyplans,he/sheshallperformastructural/constructabilityreviewoftheplans.Thisactionisconsistentwiththe“responsiblecharge”requirementsofstatelawsrelatingtoProfessionalEngineers.

b. ReviewandapprovethePreliminaryBridgePlans.Theprimaryfocusforthisresponsibilityistoassurethatthemostcost-effectiveandappropriatestructuretypeisselectedforaparticularbridgesite.

c. ReviewuniqueprojectspecialprovisionsandStandard Specifications M41-10modificationsrelatingtostructures.

d. FacilitatepartnershipsbetweenWSDOT,consultants,andtheconstructionindustrystakeholders.




e. Encouragedesignercreativityandinnovationthroughforwardthinking.

f. ExerciseleadershipanddirectionformaintainingaprogressiveanduptodateBridge Design ManualM23-50.

g. CreateanopenandsupportiveofficeenvironmentinwhichDesignSectionstaffareempoweredtodohighqualitystructuraldesignwork.

h. Createprofessionalgrowthopportunitiesthroughanofficeculturewherelearningisemphasized.

i. Encouragecontinuingprofessionaldevelopmentthroughtrainingopportunities,attendanceatseminarsandconferences,formaleducationopportunities,andtechnicalwriting.

8. Consultant PS&E — Projects on WSDOT Right of Way

WSDOTConsultantLiaisonEngineer’sResponsibilities

a. Reviewscopeofwork.

b. Negotiatecontractandconsultant’sTaskAssignments.

c. Coordinate/NegotiateChangestoScopeofWork.

9. Bridge Scheduling Engineer Responsibilities

a. Addreviewtothebridgeschedule.

b. AssignreviewtoaDesignunit.

c. Make2copiesofthereviewplansandspecifications–1forthedesignreviewerand1fortheSpecificationsEngineerreviewer

d. MakeacopyoftheLayoutfortheBridgeInventoryEngineer.

10. WSDOT Design Reviewer’s or Coordinator’s Responsibilities

a. Earlyintheproject,reviewconsultant’sdesigncriteria,andstandarddetailsforconsistencywithWSDOTpracticesandotherbridgedesignsinproject.

b. ReviewthejobfileaspreparedbythePreliminaryPlanEngineer.

c. Identifyresourcesneededtocompletework.

d. Initiateaprojectstart-upmeetingwiththeConsultanttodiscussdesigncriteria,submittalscheduleandexpectations,andalsotofamiliarizehimself/herselfwiththeConsultant’sdesigners.

e. Reachagreementearlyinthedesignprocessregardingstructuralconceptsanddesignmethodstobeused.

f. Identifywhoisresponsibleforwhatandwhenallintermediateconstructability,BridgePlans,andBridgePS&Ereviewsubmittalsaretobemade.

g. Monitorprogress.

h. Facilitatecommunication,includingface-to-facemeetings.

i. Resolvedifferences.



11. WSDOT Design Unit Manager’s Responsibilities

a. Encourageandfacilitatecommunication.

b. Earlyinvolvementtoassurethatdesignconceptsareappropriate.

c. EmpowerDesignReviewerorCoordinator.

d. FacilitateresolutionofissuesbeyondauthorityofWSDOTReviewerorCoordinator.

e. Facilitateface-to-facemeetings.

12. WSDOT S&E Engineer’s Responsibilities

See Section12.4.8.

13. WSDOT Bridge Design Engineer’s Responsibilities

TheWSDOTBridgeandStructure’sBridgeDesignEngineershallpreformacursoryreviewofdesignplans.

B. Consultant PS&E

ProjectsonCountyandCityRightofWay

CountiesandcitiesfrequentlyhireConsultantstodesignbridges.WSDOTLocalProgramsOfficedetermineswhichprojectsaretobereviewedbytheBridgeandStructuresOffice.

WSDOTLocalProgramsOfficesendsthePS&EtotheBridgeProjectSupportunitforassignmentwhenareviewisrequired.TheBridgeandStructuresOffice’sConsultantLiaisonEngineerisnotinvolved.

AWSDOTBridgeandStructuresOfficeDesignReviewerorCoordinatorwillbeassignedtotheprojectandwillreviewtheprojectasoutlinedforConsultantPS&EProjectsonWSDOTRightofWay(seeSection1.3.2.B).

Twosetsofplanswiththereviewers’commentsmarkedinredshouldbereturnedtotheBridgeProjectSupportUnit.OnesetofplanswillbereturnedtoLocalProgramsOffice.

ThefirstreviewshouldbemadeofthePreliminaryPlanfollowedlaterbyreviewofthePS&Eanddesigncalculations.Commentsaretreatedasadvisory,althoughmajorstructuralissuesmustbeaddressedandcorrected.Anengineerfromthecounty,city,orconsultantmaycontactthereviewertodiscussthecomments.

1.3.3 Design/Check Calculation FileA. File of Calculations

TheBridgeandStructuresOfficemaintainsthearchivingprocessforallpertinentdesign/checkcalculationsfordocumentationandfuturereference.(SeeSection1.3.8ArchivingDesignCalculations,DesignFiles,andS&EFiles).

B. Procedures

Afteranassignedprojectiscompletedandtheprojectisawarded,thedesignershallturninaboundfilecontainingthedesign/checkcalculationsforarchiving.Thefrontcovershouldhavealabel(SeeFigure 1.3.8-1).



C. File Inclusions

Thefollowingitemsshouldbeincludedinthefile:

1. Index Sheets

Numberallcalculationsheetsandprepareanindexbysubjectwiththecorrespondingsheetnumbers.

Listthenameoftheproject,SRNumber,designer/checkerinitials,date(month,day,andyear),andDesignUnitManager’sinitials.

2. Design Calculations

Thedesigncalculationsshouldincludedesigncriteria,designassumptions,loadings,structuralanalysis,onesetofmomentandsheardiagramsandpertinentcomputerinputandoutputdata(reducedto8½″by11″sheetsize).

Thedesigncriteria,designassumptions,andspecialdesignfeaturesshouldfollowinthatorderbehindtheindex.

Computer-generateddesigncalculationsmaybeusedinsteadoflonghandcalculations.ThecalculationsheetsshallbeformattedsimilartoWSDOTstandardcalculationsheets(WSDOTForm232-007)forlonghanddesigns.TheheaderforelectroniccalculationsheetsshallcarryWSDOTlogoalongwithprojectname,S.R.number,designerandchecker’sname,date,supervisingengineer,andsheetnumbers.

Allcomputer-generatedorlonghanddesigncalculationsshallbeinitialedbythedesignerandchecker.Checker’sinitialmaynotbenecessaryifseparatecheckcalculationsareprovided.

OutputfromcommercialsoftwareshallbeintegratedintodesigncalculationswithacoversheetthatincludestheWSDOTlogoalongwithprojectname,S.R.number,designerandchecker'sname,date,supervisingengineer,andsheetnumbers.

Consultantsubmitteddesigncalculationsshallcomplywiththeaboverequirements.

DesigncalculationspreparedbytheBridgeDesignOfficeorConsultantsshallbesealedandsignedbytheEngineerofRecord.Designcalculationsareconsideredpartoftheprocessthatdevelopscontractplanswhicharethefinaldocuments.

SeeAppendix1.5-A2forexamplesofExceltemplateforcomputer-generateddesigncalculations.Codeandotherreferencesusedindevelopingcalculationsshallbespecified.Ingeneral,whenusingExcelspreadsheet,enoughinformationandequationsshallbeprovided/showninthespreadsheetsothatanindependentcheckercanfollowthecalculations.

3. Special Design Features

Briefnarrativeofmajordesigndecisionsorrevisionsandthereasonsforthem.



4. Construction Problems or Revisions

Notallconstructionproblemscanbeanticipatedduringthedesignofthestructure;therefore,constructionproblemsariseduringconstruction,whichwillrequirerevisions.Calculationsforrevisionsmadeduringconstructionshouldbeincludedinthedesign/checkcalculationfilewhenconstructioniscompleted.

D. File Exclusions

Thefollowingitemsshouldnotbeincludedinthefile:

1. Irrelevantcomputerinformation.

2. PrintsofOfficeStandardSheets.

3. Irrelevantsketches.

4. Voidedsheets.

5. Preliminarydesigncalculationsanddrawingsunlessusedinthefinaldesign.

6. Testholelogs.

1.3.4 PS&E Review PeriodSee Section12.4.10forPS&EReviewPeriodandTurn-inforADCopyactivities.

1.3.5 AddendaPlanorspecificationrevisionsduringtheadvertisingperiodrequireanaddendum.TheSpecificationsandEstimateEngineerwillevaluatetheneedfortheaddendumafterconsultationwiththeHQConstruction–Bridge,Region,andRegionPlansBranch.TheBridgeDesignEngineerortheDesignUnitManagermustinitialalladdenda.

Foraddendatocontractplans,obtaintheoriginaldrawingfromtheBridgeArchiveEngineer.Useshadingorcloudingtomarkallchanges(exceptdeletions)andplacearevisionnoteatthebottomofthesheet(RegionandHQPlansBranchjointlydetermineaddendumdate)andadescriptionofthechange.Returnthe11″by17″signedoriginalandcopytotheSpecificationsandEstimateEngineerwhowillsubmitthecopytotheHQPlansBranchforprocessing.SeeChapter12foradditionalinformation.

Forchangestospecifications,submitacopyofthepagewiththechangetotheSpecificationsandEstimateEngineerforprocessing.

1.3.6 Shop Plans and Permanent Structure Construction ProceduresThissectionpertainstofabricationshopplans,weldprocedures,electricalandmechanicalitems,geotechnicalprocedures,suchas:drilledshaftsandtiebackwalls,andothermiscellaneousitemsrelatedtopermanentconstruction.

Thefollowingisaguideforcheckingshopplansandpermanentstructureconstructionprocedures.



A. Bridge Shop Plans and Procedures

1. Markonecopyofeachsheetwiththefollowing,nearthetitleblock,inredpenorwitharubberstamp:

Contractnumber

Checker’sinitialsandDate

ReviewStatus• NoExceptionsTaken• MakeCorrectionsNoted• ReviseandResubmit• Rejected

2. OntheBridgeOfficecopy,markwithredpenanyerrorsorcorrections.Yellowshallbeusedforhighlightingthecheckeditems.Commentsmadewithredpen,especiallyfor8½″by11″or11″by17″sizesheetsshallbeclear,neat,andconducivetobeingreproducedbyXerox.Thesecommentsshouldbe“bubbled”sotheystandoutonablackandwhiteXeroxcopy.Useoflargesheetsshouldbediscouragedbecausetheserequireextrastaffassistanceandtimetomakethesecopiesbyhand.

3. Items to be checked are typically as follows

CheckagainstContractPlansandAddenda,SpecialProvisions,PreviouslyApprovedChangesandStandard SpecificationsM41-10.

a. Materialspecifications(ASTMspecifications,hardness,alloyandtemper,etc.).

b. Sizeofmemberandfasteners.

c. Lengthdimensions,ifshownontheContractPlans.

d. Finish(surfacefinish,galvanizing,anodizing,painting,etc.).

e. Weldsizeandtypeandweldingprocedureifrequired.

f. Strandorrebarplacement,jackingprocedure,stresscalculations,elongations,etc.

g. Fabrication—reaming,drilling,andassemblyprocedures.

h. Adequacyofdetails.

i. Erectionprocedures.

Forprestressedgirdersandpost-tensioningshopplanreviewseeSections5.6.3.Aand5.8.6.Crespectively.




4. Items Not Requiring Check

a. Quantitiesinbillofmaterials.

b. LengthdimensionsnotshownonContractPlansexceptforspotcheckingandisemphasizedbystampingtheplans:Geometry Not Reviewed by the Bridge and Structures Office.

5. Marking Copies

Whenfinished,markthesheetswithoneofsixcategoriesinredpen,lowerrightcorner.

a. "NoExceptionsTaken"NoCorrectionsrequired.

b. “MakeCorrectionsNoted”

Minorcorrectionsonly.Donotplacewrittenquestionsonanapprovedasnotedsheet.Noresubmittalrequiredifnotedcorrectionsaremade.

c. “ReviseandResubmit”

Majorcorrectionsarerequiredwhichrequiresacompleteresubmittal.Writtenquestionsmaybeincluded.

d. “Rejected”

Notacceptable,ordoesnotmeetthecontractrequirements.Completeresubmittalrequired.

e. “StructurallyAcceptable”

Thisisappropriateforitemsthatarenotrequiredtobereviewedperthecontract,suchas:workplatforms,submittalsfromvariouslocalagenciesordevelopers,andotheritemsthatarereviewedasacourtesy.

f. “StructurallyAcceptableButDoesNotConformtotheContractRequirements”

Thisisappropriatewhenadeviationfromthecontractisfoundbutisdeterminedtobestructurallyacceptable.

Ifindoubtbetween“MakeCorrectionsNoted”and“ReviseandResubmit”,checkwiththeDesignUnitManagerorConstructionSupportEngineer.Anacceptabledetailmaybeshowninred,inwhichcasethePlanswouldbemarked.“Make Corrections Noted”.

NotifytheConstructionSupportEngineerifthereareanystructurallyacceptabledeviationstothecontractplans.TheConstructionSupportEngineerwillnotifyboththeRegionProjectEngineerandHQConstructionEngineerassignedtotheproject,whomayhavetoapproveachangeorderandprovidejustificationforthechangeorder.

NotifytheDesignUnitManagerandtheConstructionSupportEngineerifproblemsareencounteredwhichmaycauseadelayinthecheckingoftheshopplansorcompletionofthecontract.Typically,WSDOTadministeredcontractsrequirereviewstobecompletedwithin30days.ThereviewtimestartswhentheProjectEngineerfirstreceivesthesubmittalfromtheContractorandendswhentheContractorhasreceivedthesubmittalback



fromtheProjectEngineer.TheBridgeOfficedoesnothavetheentire30-dayreviewperiodtocompletethereview.Therefore,designersshouldgiveconstructionreviewshighpriorityandcompletereviewsinatimelymannersocostlyconstructiondelaysareavoided.Timeisalsorequiredformarking,mailingandotherprocessing.ItisthegoaloftheBridgeandStructuresOfficetoreturnreviewedsubmittalsbacktotheProjectEngineerwithin7to14daysoftheirreceiptbytheBridgeConstructionSupportUnit.

ReturnallshopdrawingsandContractPlanstotheConstructionSupportUnitwhencheckingiscompleted.IncludealistofanydeviationsfromtheContractPlansthatareallowedandalistofanydisagreementswiththeProjectEngineer’scomments(regardlessofhowminortheymaybe).

IfdeviationsfromtheContractPlansaretobeallowed,aChangeOrdermayberequired.AlerttheConstructionSupportUnitsothattheirtransmittallettermayinformtheRegionandtheHQConstructionEngineerassignedtotheproject.

UndernocircumstancesshouldthereviewermarkontheshopplansthatachangeorderisrequiredornotifytheProjectEngineerthatachangeorderisrequired.TheauthorityfordeterminingwhetherachangeorderisrequiredrestswithHQConstructionEngineerassignedtotheproject.

B. Sign Structure, Signal, and Illumination Shop Plans

InadditiontotheinstructionsdescribedunderSection1.3.6.A,thefollowinginstructionsapply:

1. ReviewtheshopplanstoensurethatthepolesizesconformtotheContractPlans.Determineifthefabricatorhassuppliedplansforeachpoleortypeofpolecalledforinthecontract.

2. Manufacturer’sdetailsmayvaryslightlyfromcontractplanrequirements,butmustbestructurallyadequatetobeacceptable.

C. Geotechnical Submittals

TheBridgeOfficeandtheGeotechnicalServicesBranchconcurrentlyreviewthesesubmittalswhichmayincludespecialdesignproprietaryretainingwalls,drilledshafts,groundanchors,andsoldierpiles.HQConstructionOfficeisincludedforthereviewofdrilledshaftinstallationplans.TheConstructionSupportUnitcombinesthesecommentsandpreparesaunifiedreplythatisreturnedtotheProjectEngineer.

1.3.7 Contract Plan Changes (Change Orders and As-Builts)A. Request for Changes

Thefollowingisintendedasaguideforprocessingchangestothedesignplansafteraprojecthasbeenawarded.

ForprojectswhichhavebeenassignedaBridgeTechnicalAdvisor(BTA),structuraldesignchangeorderscanbeapprovedattheProjectEngineer’slevelprovidedtheinstructionsoutlinedintheConstruction ManualM41-01arefollowed.




Forallotherprojects,allchangesaretobeforwardedthroughtheConstructionSupportUnit,whichwillinformtheHQConstructionEngineer-Bridge.

Responsestoinquiriesshouldbehandledasfollows:

1. Request by Contractor or Supplier

Adesigner,BTA,orDesignUnitManagercontacteddirectlybyacontractor/suppliermaydiscussaproposedchangewiththecontractor/supplier,butshallclearlytellthecontractor/suppliertoformallysubmittheproposedchangethoughtheProjectEngineerandthatthediscussioninnowayimpliesapprovaloftheproposedchange.DesignersaretoinformtheirDesignUnitManageriftheyarecontacted.

2. Request From the Region Project Engineer

RequestsforchangesdirectlyfromtheProjectEngineertodesignerortheDesignUnitManagershouldbediscouraged.TheProjectEngineershouldcontactHQConstruction-Bridge,whointurnwillcontactthedesignerorDesignUnitManagerifclarificationisneededregardingchanges.TheConstructionSupportUnitshouldbeinformedofanychanges.

3. Request From the Region Construction Engineer

RequestsfromtheRegionConstructionEngineeraretobehandledlikerequestsfromtheRegionProjectEngineer.

4. Request From the HQ Construction – Bridge

RequestsforchangesfromHQConstructionEngineerassignedtotheprojectareusuallymadethroughtheConstructionSupportUnitandnotdirectlytotheDesignUnit.However,sometimes,itisnecessarytoworkdirectlywiththeDesignUnit.TheConstructionSupportUnitshouldbeinformedofanydecisionsmadeinvolvingchangestotheContractPlans.

5. Request From the Design Unit

RequestforchangesfromtheDesignUnitduetoplanerrorsoromissionsshallbediscussedwiththeDesignUnitManagerpriortorevisingandissuingnewplansheets.

B. Processing Contract Revisions

ChangestotheContractPlansorSpecificationssubsequenttotheawardofthecontractmayrequireacontractplanrevision.Revisedoradditionalplansheets,whichclearlyidentifythechangeontheplans,maybeneeded.Whenarevisionoranadditionaldrawingisnecessary,requesttheoriginalplansheetsfromtheConstructionSupportUnit’sBridgeArchiveEngineerandpreparerevisedorneworiginalplansheets.

Sign,date,andsendthenewplansheetstotheBridgeArchiveEngineer,toHQConstructionEngineerassignedtotheproject,andtotheConstructionSupportUnit.TheDesignerisresponsibleformakingtheprintsanddistributingthem.

ThisprocessappliestoallcontractsincludingHQAdandAward,RegionAdandAward,orLocalAgencyAdandAward.



Whenevernewplansheetsarerequiredaspartofacontractrevision,theinformationinthetitleblocksofthesesheetsmustbeidenticaltothetitleblocksofthecontracttheyarefor(e.g.,JobNumber,ContractNo.,Approvedby,andtheProjectName).ThesetitleblocksshallalsobeinitialedbytheBridgeDesignEngineer,DesignUnitManager,designer,andreviewerbeforetheyaredistributed.Ifthechangesaremodificationsmadetoanexistingsheet,thesheetnumberwillremainthesame.Anewsheetshallbeassignedthesamenumberastheoneintheoriginalsthatitmostcloselyresemblesandshallbegivenaletterafterthenumber(e.g.,ifthenewsheetappliestotheoriginalsheet25of53,thenitwillhavenumber25Aof53).TheBridgePlansEngineerintheConstructionSupportUnitshallstorethe11″by17″originalrevisionsheets.

Everyrevisionwillbeassignedanumber,whichshallbeenclosedinsideatriangle.Theassignednumbershallbelocatedbothatthelocationofthechangeonthesheetandintherevisionblockoftheplansheetalongwithanexplanationofthechange.

AnyrevisedsheetsshallbesenttoHQConstruction-Bridgewithawrittenexplanationdescribingthechangestothecontract,justificationforthechanges,andalistofmaterialquantityadditionsordeletions.

C. As-Built Plan Process

Formoreinformationontheas-builtplanprocessforbridges,seetheAs-Built Plans Manual,preparedbytheBridgeandStructuresOffice,datedAugust2003.CopiesareavailablefromtheBridgeArchiveEngineer.

1.3.8 Archiving Design Calculations, Design Files, and S&E FilesA. Upon Award of the Project

Thedesignerandcheckerwillplaceajobfilecoverlabelonthebounddesignandcheckcalculationsfolder(seeFigure 1.3-8.1).ThedesignershallthenturntheseintotheDesignUnitManagerortheassignedProjectCoordinator.

TheUnitDesignUnitManagerorProjectCoordinatorshallturnintheboundprojectdesigncalculationsandcheckcalculationstotheBridgeArchiveEngineer.

TheS&EEngineerisrequiredtogivetheBridgeArchiveEngineerthesignedplansheets,jobfile,andS&Efile.

Fileswillbeplacedinatemporarystoragespacemarkedas“DesignUnitDocumentTemporaryStorage”.Thesecabinetswillbelocked,andonlytheBridgeArchiveEngineer,theSchedulingEngineer,andtheOfficeAdministratorwillhavekeystothem.TheDesignFiles,S&EFiles,andDesignCalculationsareorganizedbythecontractnumber.

ABridgeandStructuresstaffmembermayaccesstheDesignFiles,S&EFiles,orDesignCalculationsbyrequestingthefilesfromtheBridgeArchiveEngineerortheSchedulingEngineer,whowillcheckoutthefilesandnotethedateandperson’sname.IfapersonotherthanaBridgeandStructuresOfficestaffmemberrequeststhesedocuments,theapprovaloftheBridgeDesignEngineerorBridgeAssetManagementEngineerwillberequiredforreleaseofthedocuments.



Page 1-28 WSDOT Bridge Design Manual M 23-50.15 December 2015


1.3.8 Archiving Design Calculations, Design Files, and S&E FilesA. Upon Award of the Project – The designer and checker will place a job file cover

label on the bound design and check calculations folder (see Figure 1.3‑8.1). The designer shall then turn these in to the Design Unit Manager or the assigned Project Coordinator.

The Unit Design Unit Manager or Project Coordinator shall turn in the bound project design calculations and check calculations to the Bridge Archive Engineer.

The S&E Engineer is required to give the Bridge Archive Engineer the signed plan sheets, job file, and S&E file.

Files will be placed in a temporary storage space marked as “Design Unit Document Temporary Storage”. These cabinets will be locked, and only the Bridge Archive Engineer, the Scheduling Engineer, and the Office Administrator will have keys to them. The Design Files, S&E Files, and Design Calculations are organized by the contract number.

A Bridge and Structures staff member may access the Design Files, S&E Files, or Design Calculations by requesting the files from the Bridge Archive Engineer or the Scheduling Engineer, who will check out the files and note the date and person’s name. If a person other than a Bridge and Structures Office staff member requests these documents, the approval of the Bridge Design Engineer or Bridge Asset Management Engineer will be required for release of the documents.

SR # County CS # Bridge Name Bridge # Contract # Contents Designed by Checked by Archive Box # Vol . #

Cover LabelFigure 1.3.8-1

B. Upon the Physical Contract Completion – The designer will update the bound calculation file with any contract plan changes that have occurred during construction.

Cover LabelFigure 1.3.8-1

B. Upon the Physical Contract Completion

Thedesignerwillupdatetheboundcalculationfilewithanycontractplanchangesthathaveoccurredduringconstruction.

C. Nine Months After Physical Completion of the Contract

TheBridgeArchiveEngineerwillplaceallreports,signedandstampedspecialprovisions,andbounddesignandcheckcalculationsinanarchivingboxandsendthedocumentstotheOfficeofSecretaryofStateforarchivestorage,exceptasotherwiseapprovedbytheBridgeDesignEngineer.

TheBridgeArchiveEngineerwillmaintainarecordofthedocumentslocationandarchivestatus.

D. Consultant Designs

PriortoAd,theBridgeandStructuresofficeplanreviewerofaConsultantdesignshallrequestthefollowingfromthedesignConsultant:

1. Theboundprojectdesigncalculationsinpaperform.

2. Thesignedandstampedstructuralplansheets.

ThisrequestshallgothrougheithertheBridgeandStructuresoffice’sConsultantLiaisonortheRegionProjectEngineeringoffice.

ThesedocumentsshallbesentinthemailtotheaddressshowninStandard Specifications Section6-02.3(16)AbutshallbedirectedtotheBridgeofficePS&EEngineer.TheBridgeofficePS&EEngineerwillthengivethesedocumentstotheBridgeArchiveEngineer.

AllConsultantAdReadysignedandstampedplansheetsandcalculationsneedtobereceivedbytheBridgeofficeonlaterthantwoweekspriortotheAddate.

E. Design-Build Projects

TheDesign-BuildershallfollowtherequirementsoftheRFPforsubmissionofthesignedandstampedstructuralplansheetsandboundcalculations.





1.3.9 Public Disclosure Policy Regarding Bridge PlansTheBridgeManagementEngineeristheBridgeandStructuresOffice’sofficialPublicDisclosurecontactandshallbecontactedforclarificationand/ordirection.

ExecutiveOrderE1023 Public Disclosureprovidesaspecificproceduretofollowwhenthereisarequestforpublicrecords.

TheBridgeandStructuresOfficeisthe“owner”ofonlytwotypesof“official”records:(1)DesignCalculations(untiltheyareturnedovertotheStateArchivesOffice)and(2)BridgeInspectionDocuments.

Norecordswillbedisclosedwithoutawrittenrequest.Thisrequestistobespecific.

As-builtplansavailableontheBridgeandStructureswebsitearenot“official”as-builtplans.TheRegionsaretheownersofthe“official”as-builtplansandtheprocedureforprovidingrequestedcopiesoftheseplansissimilartotheprocedureoutlinedabovewiththefollowingmodifications:• IfyoureceiveawrittenorverbalrequestforasetofplansfromapersonindirectlyworkingforWSDOT(i.e.contractor,consultant),advisethemtocontactandrequesttheplansfromtheWSDOTProjectEngineer.

• IftherequestcomesfromapersondirectlyworkingonaBridgeOfficeprojectasanon-callconsultant,havethemcontactandrequesttheplansfromtheBridgeandStructuresOffice’sConsultantLiaisonEngineer.

• IftherequestcomesfromapersonnotworkingforWSDOT,theymustsubmittheirwrittenrequesttothepersonandaddressnotedbelowanditwillbeforwardedtotheappropriateRegiontoprovidetherequesteddocuments.

Writtenrequestsmustbesentto: RecordsandInformationServiceOffice WashingtonStateDepartmentofTransportation 310MapleParkAvenue P.O.Box47410 Olympia,WA98504-7410

Emailrequestsmustbesentto:[email protected]

http://wwwi.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/policies/fulltext/1023.pdf

mailto:publicdisclosurerequests%40wsdot.wa.gov?subject=publicdisclosurerequests%40wsdot.wa.gov



1.3.10 Use of Computer SoftwareA. Protection of Intellectual Property

ManyofthesoftwaretoolsusedbytheBridgeandStructuresOfficearelicensedfromcommercialsoftwarevendors.WSDOTiscommittedtousingthesetoolsonlyasallowedbylawandaspermittedbysoftwarelicense.WSDOTemployeesshallcomplywiththetermsandconditionsofalllicensingagreementsandprovisionsoftheCopyrightActandotherapplicablelaws.

B. Policy on Open Source Software

ItisthepolicyoftheBridgeandStructuresOfficetolicenseitsownengineeringsoftwareasopensource,andtopreferandpromotetheuseofopensourcesoftware,withinthebridgeengineeringcommunity.

Tosupportthispolicyonopensourcebridgeengineeringsoftware,theBridgeandStructuresOfficeisafoundingandparticipatingmemberoftheAlternateRouteProject.ThepurposeoftheAlternateRouteProjectistoserveasafocalpointforthecollaborativeandcooperativedevelopmentofopensourcebridgeengineeringsoftwaretools.

C. Approved Software Tools

AlistofapprovedsoftwaretoolsavailableforusebyWSDOTbridgedesignengineersisavailableatwww.wsdot.wa.gov/eesc/bridge/software/index.cfm. NotethatthislistisonlyavailableontheWSDOTintranet.WSDOTdoesnotrequireconsultingengineerstouseanyspecificsoftwaretools,solongastheuseofthetoolsareinaccordancewithsoundengineeringpractice,anddoesnotviolatesoftwarelicensingagreementsandCopyrightlaw.

Whenusingpersonaldesigntoolscreatedbyothers,suchasaspreadsheetorMathCADdocument,thedesignerisresponsibleforthoroughlycheckingthetooltoensuretheintegrityofthestructuralanalysisanddesign.

http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/eesc/bridge/software/index.cfm



1.4 QualityControl/QualityAssurance/QualityVerification (QC/QA/QV) Procedures

1.4.1 GeneralThepurposeoftheQC/QA/QVprocedureistoimprovethequalityofthestructuraldesignsandplans.Thekeyelementtothesuccessofthisprocessiseffectivecommunicationbetweenallparties.TheobjectivesoftheQC/QA/QVprocedureareto:• Designstructuresthatimprovepublicsafetyandmeetstateregulations.• DesignstructureswhichmeettherequirementsoftheBridge Design Manual M23-50,AASHTOLRFD Bridge Specifications,currentstructuralengineeringandarchitecturalpractices,andgeometriccriteriaprovidedbytheRegion.

• Createcontractdocumentsthatmeetthecustomer’sneeds,schedule,budget,andconstructionstagingrequirements.

• Minimizestructuralandarchitecturaldesigncosts.• Produceanorganizedandindexedsetofdesigncalculationswiththecriteriaandassumptionsincludedinthefrontaftertheindex.

• Maximizeplanquality.

Thegoalsarelistedinorderofimportance.Ifthereisaconflictbetweengoals,themoreimportantgoaltakesprecedence.

TheDesignUnitSupervisordeterminesprojectassignmentsandtheQC/QA/QVprocesstobeusedinpreparationofthestructuraldesign.TheintentoftheQC/QA/QVprocessistofacilitateplanproductionefficiencyandcost-effectivenesswhileassuringthestructuralintegrityofthedesignandtomaximizethequalityofthestructuralcontractdocuments.

1.4.2 WSDOT Prepared Bridge (or Structure) Preliminary PlansA. Description of Terms

QualityControl(QC)• Athoroughanddetail-orientedcheckoftheengineeringcontentofthePreliminaryPlansisperformed.AsetofcheckprintsiscreatedandretainedforQCdocumentation.

• Alignment,profile,super-elevationrates,verticalclearances,andgeometrydatashownonthePreliminaryPlansarechecked.GeometrychecksmaybeperformedbyaStructuralDetailer,usingtheappropriateCADDsoftware.

• AsetofcheckprintsiscreatedandretainedforQCdocumentation.• Thejobfileshallbereviewedforkeydesigndecisions,andanyhydraulic,geotechnicalorenvironmentalcomplications,etc.

• Confirmthatthecurrentdesignguidelines(BDM,AASHTO)andcurrentWSDOTBridgeOfficeDesignPolicieshavebeenfollowed.

• Particularattentionshallbepaidtodocumentationregardingjustificationforstructuretypeselection.

• TheQCtaskistraditionallycarriedoutbythePreliminaryPlanCheckerofRecord.



QualityAssurance(QA)• AreviewofthePreliminaryPlansisperformed,basedonknowledge,experienceandjudgment.

• VerificationthattheQCprocesshasbeenproperlyfollowed.VerifytheexistenceoftheQCcheckprints.

• ConfirmthatthecurrentWSDOTBridgeOfficePoliciesandoverallPreliminaryPlanprotocolshavebeenfollowed.

• ResponsibilityfortheQAtaskbelongswiththeBridgeDesignUnitresponsibleforthedesign,andshallbecarriedoutbytheBridgeDesigner(ifassigned),orbytheDesignUnitSupervisor.

QualityVerification(QV)• ConfirmthattheQAprocesshasbeenproperlyfollowed.• AreviewofthePreliminaryPlansisperformed,basedonknowledge,experienceandjudgment(thismayalsoaddQAvalue).

• TheQVtaskistraditionallycarriedoutbytheStateBridgeDesignEngineer.

TheQC/QA/QVproceduresmayvarydependingonthetypeandcomplexityofthePreliminaryPlanbeingcreated,andtheexperienceleveloftheEngineersinvolved.Moresupervision,review,andcheckingmayberequiredwhentheEngineersarelessexperienced.

1.4.3 WSDOT Prepared PS&EA. Plans, Calculations and Quantities Prepared by WSDOT Bridge and

Structures Office

1. Description of Terms

QualityControl(QC)• Athoroughanddetail-orientedcheckoftheengineeringcontentoftheplansisperformed.AsetofcheckprintsiscreatedandretainedforQCdocumentation.

• TheDesigner’scalculationsarealsochecked.Asetofcheckcalculationsiscreatedandretainedfordocumentation.

• TheQCtaskistraditionallycarriedoutbytheCheckerofRecord.

QualityAssurance(QA)• Areviewoftheplansisperformed,basedonknowledge,experienceandjudgment.AsetofcheckprintsiscreatedandretainedforQAdocumentation.

• TheDesigner’scalculationsarereviewed,basedonknowledge,experienceandjudgment.Spot-checksmaybeincluded.Independentcalculationsarenottypicallyproduced.

• VerificationthattheQCprocesshasbeenproperlyfollowed.VerifytheexistenceofQCCheckPrintsandCheckCalculations.

• Confirmthatthecurrentdesignguidelines(BDM,AASHTO)andcurrentWSDOTBridgeOfficeDesignPolicieshavebeenfollowed.

• TheQAtaskistraditionallycarriedoutbytheDesignUnitSupervisor.



QualityVerification(QV)• ConfirmthattheQAprocesshasbeenproperlyfollowed.VerifytheexistenceofQACheckPrints.

• Areviewoftheplansisperformed,basedonknowledge,experienceandjudgment(thismayalsoaddQAvalue).


TheQC/QA/QVproceduresmayvarydependingonthetypeandcomplexityofthestructurebeingdesigned,andtheexperiencelevelofthedesignteammembers.Moresupervision,review,andcheckingmayberequiredwhenthedesignteammembersarelessexperienced.

2. Designer Responsibility

TheDesignerisresponsiblefortheengineeringcontentofthecontractplansheets,includingstructuralanalysis,completenessandcorrectness.

UponcompletionoftheQC/QA/QVprocess,theDesignershallpreparetheQC/QA/QVChecklist,andobtainsignatures/initialsasrequired.Thisappliestoallprojectsregardlessoftypeorimportance(bridges,retainingwallsandnoisebarrierwalls,overheadsignstructures,bridgedeckoverlays,trafficbarriers,etc.).RefertoAppendix1.4-A1.TheDesignerisalsoresponsibleforperformingaQualityAssurancereviewoftheProjectSpecificationsandEstimate.SeeBDM1.4.2B.

3. Checker Responsibility

TheCheckerisresponsibletotheDesignUnitManagerforQualityControlofthestructuraldesign,whichincludescheckingthedesign,plans,calculationsandquantitiestoassureaccuracyandconstructability.TheDesignUnitSupervisorworkswiththeCheckertoestablishthelevelofcheckingrequired.Thecheckingprocedureforassuringthequalityofthedesignwillvaryfromprojecttoproject.Followingaresomegeneralcheckingguidelines:

i. Job File

Scanthejobfileforunconventionalorprojectspecificitemsrelatingtogeometrics,hydraulics,geotechnical,environmental,etc.

ii. Design Calculations

Thedesigncalculationsmaybecheckedbyeitheroftwomethods:

Designcalculationsmaybecheckedwithaline-by-linereviewandinitialingbytheChecker.Ifitismoreefficient,theCheckermaychoosetoperformhis/herownindependentcalculations.

IterativedesignmethodsmaybebestcheckedbyreviewoftheDesigner’scalculations,whilestandardandstraight-forwarddesignsmaybemostefficientlycheckedwithindependentcalculations.TheDesignerandCheckercalculationsshallbothberetainedforarchiving.

Revisionofdesigncalculations,ifrequired,istheresponsibilityoftheDesigner.



iii. Structural Plans

TheChecker’splanreviewcommentsarerecordedonasetofcheckprints,includingdetailsandbarlists,andreturnedtotheDesignerforconsideration.Thesecheckprintsareavitalpartofthecheckingprocess,andshallbepreserved.IftheChecker’scommentsarenotincorporated,theDesignershouldprovidejustificationfornotdoingso.IfthereisadifferenceofopinionthatcannotberesolvedbetweentheDesignerandChecker,theDesignUnitSupervisorshallresolveanyissues.CheckprintsshallbesubmittedtotheDesignUnitSupervisoratthetimeof100percentPS&Eturn-in.

IfassignedbytheDesignUnitSupervisor,astructuraldetailershallperformacompletecheckofthegeometryusingCADDorhandcalculations.

Revisionofplans,ifrequired,istheresponsibilityofthedesigner.

iv. Quantities and Barlist

TheCheckershallprovideanindependentsetofquantitycalculations.ThesetogetherwiththeDesigner’squantitycalculationsshallbeplacedinthejobfile.

ResolutionofdifferencesbetweentheDesignerandCheckershallbecompletedbeforetheBridgePS&Esubmittal.SeeSection12.2.2forproceduresandrequirements.TheCheckershallalsocheckthebarlist.

4. Specialist/Bridge and Structures Architect Responsibility

Specialistreviewsaretypicallycursoryinnature,arenotintendedtofulfilltheroleoftheChecker,andshouldbeconsideredasQualityAssurance(QA).SpecialistsshallperformreviewsandinitialtheProjectTurn-InQC/QA/QVWorksheetofBDMAppendix1.5-A1atthe100percentcompletionstageofcertainprojectsincluding:• Bearing and Expansion Joint Specialist –Allexpansionjointorbearingrehabilitationprojects.Allnewbridgeswithmodularexpansionjoints,uniquestripsealjoints(highskew,raisedsteelslidingplatesatsidewalk,trafficislands,etc.),andbearingsotherthanconventionalelastomericpads.

• Concrete Specialist–Allpost-tensionedsuperandsubstructures,andcomplexprestressedgirdersuperstructures(longspans,largeskews,taperedgirders,etc.).Allstructuresutilizingmassconcrete,self-consolidatingconcrete(SCC),shotcreteorGrade80reinforcement.

• Steel Specialist–Allnewandretrofitsteelsuperstructureprojectsorprojectsinvolvingsignificantorcomplexwelding.

• Seismic Specialist –Allretrofitprojects,andnewbridgeswithcomplexseismicdesignrequirements.

• State Bridge and Structures Architect –ResponsibleforreviewandapprovalofallBridge&StructureprojectsforappropriateapplicationoftheContextSensitiveDesignprocessandrelatedarchitecturaldesign.TheArchitect’sinvolvementshallinclude,butnotbelimitedto,TS&Lstudies,PreliminaryPlans,andPS&Edesignlevelplans.



5. Design Unit Supervisor Responsibility

TheDesignUnitSupervisorisresponsibletotheBridgeDesignEngineerforQualityAssurance(QA)ofthestructuraldesign,whichincludesreviewingthedesign,plansandspecificationsforconsistencyandconstructability.TheDesignUnitSupervisorshallreviewtheplansforthefollowing:

ReviewtheDesignCriteria.

DesignCriteria• Seismicdesignmethodology,accelerationcoefficient(“a”value),andanyseismicanalysisassumptions.

• Foundationreportrecommendations,selectionofalternates.• DeviationsfromAASHTO,thismanualandproperconsiderationofanyapplicableDesignMemorandums.Reviewconstructabilityissues.Arethereanyproblemsuniquetotheproject?

• TheDesignUnitSupervisorshallalsoreviewthefollowing:• Overallreviewofsheet#1,thebridgelayoutfor:

1.Consistency—especiallyformultiplebridgeproject2.MissingInformation

• ReviewfootinglayoutforconformancetoBridgePlanandforadequacyofinformationgiven.Generally,thefieldpersonnelshallbegivenenoughinformationto“layout”thefootingsinthefieldwithoutreferringtoanyothersheets.Plandetailsshallbeclear,precise,anddimensionstiedtobasereferences,suchasasurveylineordefinedcenterlineofbridge.Anyspecialcircumstancesregardingexcavationquantities(structureexc.vs.roadwayexc.delineation)shallalsobedetailed.

• Reviewthesequenceoftheplansheets.Theplansheetsshouldadheretothefollowingorder:layout,footinglayout,substructure,superstructureelements,miscellaneousdetails,barriers,railings,bridgeapproachslab,andbarlist.Alsocheckforappropriatenessofthetitles.

• Reviewoveralldimensionsandelevations,spotcheckforcompatibility.Forexample,checkcompatibilitybetweensuperstructuresandsubstructure.Alsospotcheckbarmarks.Usecommonsenseandexperiencetoreviewstructuraldimensionsandreinforcementforstructuraladequacy.Whenindoubt,questiontheDesignerandChecker.

6. State Bridge Design Engineer’s Responsibilities

TheStateBridgeDesignEngineerisresponsibleforQualityVerification(QV)ofthestructuraldesignprocess,andactsasthecoach,mentor,andfacilitatorfortheWSDOTQC/QA/QVBridgeDesignprocess.ThefollowingsummarizesthekeyresponsibilitiesoftheStateBridgeDesignEngineerrelatedtoQC/QA/QV.• TheStateBridgeDesignEngineershallperformastructural/constructabilityreviewoftheplans.ThisisaQualityVerification(QV)functionaswellasmeetingthe“responsiblecharge”requirementsofstatelawsrelatingtoProfessionalEngineers.

• ReviewuniqueprojectspecialprovisionsandStandard Specifications




7. General Bridge Plan Stamping and Signature Policy

ThestampingandsigningofbridgeplansisthefinalstepintheBridgeQC/QA/QVprocedure.

Itsignifiesareviewoftheplansanddetailsbythoseinresponsiblechargeforthebridgeplans.AtleastoneLicensedStructuralEngineershallstampandsigneachcontractplansheet(exceptforarchitecturaldetailsheetsandthebarlist).

ForcontractplanspreparedbyalicensedCivilorStructuralEngineer,theDesignUnitSupervisorandthelicensedCivilorStructuralEngineerco-stampandsigntheplans,exceptthebridgelayoutsheet.ThebridgelayoutsheetisstampedandsignedbytheBridgeDesignEngineer.

ArchitecturaldetailsheetsshallbestampedandsignedsolelybytheStateBridgeandStructuresArchitect

ForcontractplansnotpreparedbyalicensedCivilorStructuralEngineer,theDesignUnitSupervisorandtheBridgeDesignEngineerco-stampandsigntheplansexceptthebridgelayoutsheet.ThebridgelayoutsheetisstampedandsignedbytheBridgeDesignEngineer.

ForNon-StandardRetainingWallsandNoiseBarrierWalls,SignStructures,SeismicRetrofits,ExpansionJointandBearingModifications,TrafficBarrierandRailRetrofits,andotherspecialprojects,theDesignUnitSupervisorwitheitherthelicenseddesignerortheBridgeDesignEngineer(ifthedesignerisnotlicensed)co-sealandsigntheplansexceptforthelayoutsheet.ThelayoutsheetsfortheseplansaresealedandsignedbytheBridgeDesignEngineer.

Hardcopyplansshallbesignedinblueink.

Theprocessoutlinedaboveappliesalsototheapplicationofthedigitalsignaturesforstampingandsigningofplansusingauthorizedsoftware.

B. Specifications and Estimates (S&E) Prepared by WSDOT Bridge and Structures Office

1. Description of Terms

QualityControl(QC)• Athoroughanddetail-orientedcheckoftheSpecificationsRunListisperformed.SpecialProvisionsarereviewedforcontent,andforconsistencywiththePlans.Fill-invaluesintheSpecialProvisionsarereviewedforaccuracy.

• TranscriptionoftheDesigner-suppliedquantitiesintotheEngineersEstimateischecked.Unitbidpricesassignedarereviewed.

• ProjectDurationcalculations,andanyrequiredprojectschedulingassumptionsarecheckedforaccuracyandconsistency.

• AsetofQCReviewCommentsiscreated,andretainedfordocumentation.• TheQCtaskistraditionallycarriedoutbytheSpecificationandEstimateEngineerassignedtotheProject.



QualityAssurance(QA)• AreviewoftheSpecificationsandEstimateisperformed,basedonknowledge,experienceandjudgment.

• ConsistencywiththePlansshallbeemphasized.• VerificationthattheQCprocesshasbeenproperlyfollowed.VerifytheexistenceofQCReviewComments.

• ConfirmthatthecurrentWSDOTBridgeOfficePoliciesandoverallS&Eorganizationprotocolshavebeenfollowed.

• ResponsibilityfortheQAtaskbelongswiththeBridgeDesignUnitresponsibleforthedesign,andshallbecarriedoutbytheBridgeDesigner.

QualityVerification(QV)• ConfirmthattheQAprocesshasbeenproperlyfollowed.• AreviewoftheSpecificationsandEstimateisperformed,basedonknowledge,experienceandjudgment(thismayalsoaddQAvalue).


2. General Specification and Estimate Stamping and Signature Policy

ThestampingandsigningoftheCertifiedBridgeSpecificationsandEstimateisthefinalstepintheS&EQC/QA/QVprocedure.ItsignifiesacompletedreviewoftheSpecificationsandEstimatebythoseinresponsiblecharge.TheSpecificationsandEstimateEngineerresponsibleforS&EfortheprojectshallstampandsigntheSpecificationsandEstimateCoverSheet.TheCertifiedBridgeSpecificationsandEstimatedocumentissenttotheProjectEngineeroftheRegionPEOfficeresponsiblefortheoveralldesignoftheprojectfortheretentionintheProjectDesignFile.

TheSpecificationsandEstimateCoverSheetshallbesignedinblueink.

1.4.4 Consultant Prepared PS&E/Preliminary Plans on WSDOT Right of WayPlans,QuantitiesandCalculations,orSpecificationsandEstimates,orPreliminaryPlanspreparedbyConsultantsshallfollowtheindividualConsultant’sownQC/QAprocedures.Also,asaminimum,theConsultant’sQC/QAproceduresshallincludethefeaturesdescribedaboveforsimilarWSDOTpreparedwork.

PreliminaryPlanspreparedbyConsultantsshallbereviewedandapprovedbyWSDOTBridgeOfficeandRegionalEngineeringManager(orProjectDevelopmentEngineer)fortheproject.

WSDOT’sroleinConsultant-preparedengineeringworkwillbeQualityVerificationonly.TheConsultantshallbereliedupontoprovidetheirownQC/QAeffortandoversight.WSDOT’SQVtaskistraditionallycarriedoutbythedesignatedWSDOTBridgeDesignReviewerorCoordinatorfortheproject.TheWSDOTBridgeDesignReviewer/Coordinator’sQVresponsibilitiesshallinclude:

a. ReviewConsultant’sPreliminaryPlans.Uponresolutionofallreviewcomments,thePreliminaryPlanReviewershallsubmitthePreliminaryPlanstotheBridgeDesignEngineerandtotheRegionalEngineeringManager(orProjectDevelopmentEngineer)fortheirreviewandsignature.



b. ReviewConsultant’sdesigncalculationsandplansforcompletenessandconformancetoBridgeOfficedesignpractice.Theplansshallbecheckedforconstructability,consistency,clarityandcompliance.Also,selectivelycheckdimensionsandelevations.

c. Atthe100percentturn-inmilestone,verifythattheConsultant’sownQC/QAprocesseshavebeenfollowed,and,asaminimum,thatWSDOT’sQC/QArequirementsforsimilarworkhavebeenmet.

1.4.5 Structural Design Work Prepared Under Design-Build or GCCM Methods of Project Delivery

StructuraldesignworkpreparedbyothersunderaDesign-BuildorGCCMcontractshallfollowtheQC/QAproceduresoutlinedintheapprovedproject-specificQualityManagementPlan(QMP).Asaminimum,theQMPproceduresshallincludethefeaturesdescribedaboveforsimilarWSDOTpreparedwork.

WSDOT’sroleinDesign-Build/GCCMengineeringworkwillbeQualityVerificationonly.TheoutsidedesignersshallbereliedupontoprovidetheirownQC/QAeffortandoversight,pertheproject’sapprovedQMP.WSDOT’SQVtaskistraditionallycarriedoutbythedesignatedWSDOTBridgeDesignReviewerorCoordinatorfortheproject.TheWSDOTBridgeDesignReviewer/Coordinator’sQVresponsibilitiesshallinclude:

a. ReviewDesign-Build/GCCMdesigncalculationsandplansforcompletenessandconformancetoBridgeOfficedesignpracticeandapplicableRFPrequirements.Theplansshallbecheckedforconstructability,consistency,clarityandcompliance.Also,selectivelycheckdimensionsandelevations.

b. AttheReleaseForConstruction(RFC)turn-inmilestone,verifythattheDesign-Build/GCCMQC/QAprocesseshavebeenfollowed(asoutlinedintheapprovedQMP),and,asaminimum,thatWSDOT’sQC/QArequirementsforsimilarworkhavebeenmet.



1.5 Bridge Design Scheduling1.5.1 General

TheBridgeDesignEngineerisresponsibleforworkforceprojections,scheduling,receivingnewworkrequestcomingintotheBridgeDesignoffice,andmonitoringprogressofprojects.TheBridge Design Schedule (BDS)isusedtotracktheprogressofaprojectandisupdatedmonthlybytheBridgeSchedulingEngineer.Atypicalprojectwouldinvolvethefollowingsteps:

A. RegionsadviseBridgeandStructuresOfficeofanupcomingproject.

B. TheBridgeProjectSupportUnitdeterminesthescopeofwork,estimatesdesigntimeandcosttopreparepreliminaryplans,design,andS&E(seeSection1.5.2).TheDesignUnitManagermayalsodothisandnotifytheBridgeProjectSupportManager.

C. TheprojectisenteredintotheBDSwithstartandduedatesforsitedatapreliminaryplan,projectdesign,PS&E,andtheAdDate.

D. Bridgesitedatareceived.

E. Preliminarydesignstarted.

F. FinalDesignStarted–Designerestimatestimerequiredforfinalplans(seeSection1.5.3).

G. MonthlyScheduleUpdate–EachDesignUnitManagerisresponsibleformaintainingaworkforceprojection,monitoringmonthlyprogressforassignedprojects,andreportingprogressoranychangestothescopeofworkorscheduletotheBridgeSchedulingEngineer.

H. ProjectturnedintoS&Eunit.

1.5.2 Preliminary Design ScheduleThepreliminarydesignestimatedonebytheBridgeProjectSupportUnitisbasedonhistoricalrecordsfrompastprojectstakingintoconsiderationtheuniquefeaturesofeachproject,theefficienciesofdesigningsimilarandmultiplebridgesonthesameproject,designer’sexperience,andotherappropriatefactors.

1.5.3 Final Design ScheduleA. Breakdown of Project Man-Hours Required

Usingaspreadsheet,listeachitemofworkrequiredtocompletetheprojectandtheman-hoursrequiredtoaccomplishthem.Certainitemsofworkmayhavebeenpartiallycompletedduringthepreliminarydesign,andthispartialcompletionshouldbereflectedinthecolumns“%Completed”and“DateCompleted.”SeeAppendix1.5-A1and1.5-A2.

Thedesignerordesignteamleadershouldresearchseveralsourceswhenmakingthefinaldesigntimeestimate.Thefollowingarepossiblesourcesthatmaybeused:

The“BridgeDesignSummary”containsrecordsofdesigntimeandcostsforpastprojects.ThissummaryiskeptintheBridgeProjectSupport.Thetimesgivenincludepreliminaryplan,design,check,drafting,andsupervision.



TheBridgeProjectSupportUnithas“BridgeConstructionCostSummary”books.Thesearegroupedaccordingtobridgetypesandhaverecordsofdesigntime,numberofdrawings,andbridgecost.

B. Estimate Design Time Required

ThedesignteamleaderortheUnitSupervisorshalldetermineanestimateofdesigntimerequiredtocompletetheproject.Theuseofaspreadsheet,orothermeansisencouragedtoensuretimelycompletionandadherencetotheschedule.Use150hoursforonestaffmonth.

Thefollowingpercentagesshouldbeusedforthefollowingactivities:

Activity No. Percentage1 402 203 204 55 56 57 5

Total 100%

Theindividualactivitiesincludethespecificitemsasfollowsundereachmajoractivity.

ActivityNo.1 Design—SeeSection1.3.2.A.2—Includes:

1. ProjectcoordinationandmaintainingtheDesignFile.

2. Geometriccomputations.

3. Designcalculations.

4. Completecheckofallplansheetsbythedesigner.

5. Computequantitiesandpreparebarlist.

6. Preparingspecialprovisionschecklist.

7. AssemblebackupdatacoveringanyunusualfeatureintheDesignFile.

ActivityNo.2 DesignCheck—SeeSection1.3.2.A.3—Includes:

1. Checkingdesignatmaximumstresslocations.

2. Checkingmajoritemsonthedrawings,includinggeometrics.

3. Additionalcheckingrequired.

ActivityNo.3 Drawings—SeeSection1.3.2.A.4—Includes:

1. Preparationofalldrawings.



ActivityNo.4 Revisions—Includes:

1. Revisionsresultingfromthechecker’scheck.

2. RevisionsresultingfromtheDesignUnitManager’sreview.

3. RevisionsfromS&EEngineer’sreview.

4. RevisionsfromRegion’sreview.

ActivityNo.5 Quantities—Includes:

1. Computequantitiesincludingbarlist.

2. Checkquantitiesandbarlist.

ActivityNo.6 S&E—SeeSection12.4—Includes:

1. PrepareS&E.

2. Prepareworkingdayschedule.

ActivityNo.7 ProjectReview—Includes:

1. DesignUnitManagerandSpecialist’sreview.

C. Monthly Project Progress Report

ThedesignerordesignteamleaderisresponsiblefordeterminingmonthlyprojectprogressandreportingtheresultstotheDesignUnitManager.TheDesignUnitManagerisresponsibleformonthlyprogressreportsusinginformationfromthedesignerordesignteamleader.Anydiscrepanciesbetweenactualprogressandtheprojectschedulemustbeaddressed.Reportanyrevisionstotheworkforceassignedtotheproject,hoursassignedtoactivities,orprojectschedulerevisionstotheBridgeDesignEngineerandRegion.

Thedesignermayuseacomputerspreadsheet,totracktheprogressoftheprojectandasanaidinevaluatingthepercentcomplete.OthertoolsincludeusinganExcelspreadsheetlistingbridgesheetplansbytitle,bridgesheetnumber,percentdesigncomplete,percentdesigncheck,percentplandetailscompleted,andpercentplandetailschecked.Thisdataallowsthedesignerordesignteamleadertorapidlydeterminepercentofprojectcompletionandwhereresourcesneedtobeallocatedtocompletetheprojectonschedule.



1.6 Guidelines for Bridge Site VisitsThefollowingguidelinesareestablishedtohelpallstaffindeterminingtheneedforvisitingbridgesitespriortofinaldesign.Theseguidelinesshouldapplytoconsultantsaswellastoourownstaff.Inallcases,theRegionprojectengineershouldbemadeawareofthesitevisitsotheymayhavetheopportunitytoparticipate.Regionparticipationisveryusefulpriortopreparingthepreliminarybridgeplans.

1.6.1 Bridge Rehabilitation ProjectsThissectionpertainstomajorbridgerehabilitationprojectsandexcludesrailandminorexpansionjointrehabilitationprojects.Itiscriticalthatthedesignteamknowasmuchaspossibleaboutthebridgewhichistoberehabilitated.Recentbridgeinspectionreports,preparedbyinspectorsfromtheBridgePreservationOffice(BPO),containusefulinformationontheconditionofexistingbridges.Thebridgeinspectionreports,aswellasas-builtplans,areavailableontheIntranetthroughBridge Engineering Information System (BEIST).BPOmaintainsBEIST.

As-builtdrawingsandcontractdocumentsarealsohelpful,butmaynotnecessarilybeaccurate.Atleastonebridgesitevisitisnecessaryforthistypeofproject.Insomecases,anin-depthinspectionwithexperiencedBPOinspectorsisappropriate.Thedecisiontoperformanin-depthinspectionshouldincludetheDesignUnitManager,Region,theBridgeDesignEngineer,andtheBridgePreservationEngineer.

ItmaybenecessarytouseBPO’sUnderBridgeInspectionTruck(UBIT)ifthereisaneedtoaccessdetailsandobtainmeasurementsduringthefieldvisit.AdvanceplanningandcoordinationwithBPOwillbenecessaryifUBITequipmentisrequiredbecauseofBPO’sheavyworkloadandtheneedtoprovidetrafficcontrolwellinadvanceofthesitevisit.

1.6.2 BridgeWideningandSeismicRetrofitsForthistypeofbridgeproject,itisimportantthatthedesignteamisfamiliarwiththefeaturesandconditionoftheexistingbridge.ThereisgoodinformationregardingtheconditionofexistingbridgesonBEISTandattheBridgePreservationOffice.As-builtdrawingsandcontractdocumentsarealsohelpful,butmaynotnecessarilybeaccurate.Asitevisitisrecommendedforthistypeofprojectifthebridgetobewidenedhasuniquefeaturesorisotherthanastandardprestressedgirderbridgewithelastomericbearings.

1.6.3 RailandMinorExpansionJointRetrofitsGenerally,photographsandsiteinformationfromtheRegionalongwithas-builtplansandconditionsurveyinformationareadequateformostofthesetypesofprojects.However,ifthereisanydoubtabouttheadequacyoftheavailableinformationorconcernaboutaccelerateddeteriorationofthestructuralelementstoberetrofitted,asitevisitisrecommended.



1.6.4 New BridgesGenerally,photographsandsitedatafromtheRegionareadequateformostnewbridgedesigns.However,ifthenewbridgeisareplacementforanexistingbridge,asitevisitisrecommended,particularlyiftheprojectrequiresstagedremovaloftheexistingbridgeand/orstagedconstructionofthenewbridge.

1.6.5 Bridge DemolitionIfbridgedemolitionisrequiredaspartofaproject,asitevisitwouldhelpthedesignteamdetermineifthereareuniquesiterestrictionsthatcouldaffectthedemolition.Ifuniquesiterestrictionsareobserved,theyshouldbedocumented,includedinthejobfile,andnotedonthespecialprovisionschecklist.

Beforemakingasitevisit,theBridgePreservationOfficeandtheRegionshouldbecontactedtodetermineifthereareanyuniquesiteconditionsorsafetyhazards.Propersafetyequipmentandproceduresshouldalwaysbefollowedduringanysitevisit.

Whenmakingasitevisit,itisimportanttoobtainasmuchinformationaspossible.Digitalphotographs,videorecordswithspokencommentary,fieldmeasurements,andfieldnotesareappropriateformsoffieldinformation.Awrittenorpictorialrecordshouldbemadeofanyobservedproblemswithanexistingbridgeorobvioussiteproblems.Thesitevisitdatawouldthenbeincorporatedintothejobfile.Thisinformationwillbeavaluableassetinpreparingconstructibleandcost-effectivestructuraldesigns.

Itisimportanttoincludesitevisitsaspartoftheconsultant’sscopeofworkwhennegotiatingforstructuraldesignwork.

1.6.6 Proximity of Railroads Adjacent to the Bridge SiteDuringthesitevisit,itshouldbenotediftherearerailroadtracksorrailroadstructuresadjacenttotheproposedbridgesite.Ifthereare,thiswillrequirethataRailroad Shoring Planbedevelopedandbeincludedinthebridgeplansforanyfoundationexcavationadjacenttotherailroad.ThereasonforincludingtheRailroad Shoring Planistoobtainadvanceapprovaloftheshoringplanfromtherailroadsothatwaitingfortherailroad’sapprovalwillnotcauseadelayduringconstruction.ThecontractorwillhavetoresubmitarevisedRailroad Shoring PlantotherailroadforapprovalifthecontractorwishestochangeanydetailsoftheapprovedRailroad Shoring Plan duringconstruction.

AtthePS&Esubmittalphase,theSpecificationsandEstimatesEngineerwillsendcopiesoftheRailroad Shoring PlantotheWSDOTRailroadLiaisonEngineersoitcanbesenttotherailroadforapproval.



1.7 AppendicesAppendix1.1-A1 BridgeDesignManualRevisionQC/QAWorksheet

Appendix1.3-A1 Bridge&StructuresDesignCalculations

Appendix1.4-A1 QC/QASignatureSheet


Bridge Design Manual Appendix 1.1-A1 Revision QC/QA Worksheet

Name Approval Signature Date

Revision Author

Revision Checker

Chapter Author

Bridge Design Engineer

BDM Coordinator

Check of Revised Sheets

Revision Description:


Bridge & Structures Appendix 1.3-A1 Design Calculations

1 1 Sheet No . of Sheets Code

S .R . Made By Check By Date7/7/10

Supv Reference

Bridge & StructuresDesign Calculations

Project

C:\AAWork\Bridge Template.xlsx Sheet1


Appendix 1.4-A1 QC/QA Signature Sheet

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1.99 References 1. AASHTOLRFD Bridge Design Specifications,LatestEditionandInterims.

AmericanAssociationofStateHighwayandTransportationOfficials(AASHTO),Washington,D.C.

2. Design ManualM22-01

3. Construction ManualM41-01

4. As-Built Plans Manual,WSDOTBridgeandStructuresOffice,August2003

5. AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design (SEISMIC),LatestEditionandInterims.AmericanAssociationofStateHighwayandTransportationOfficials(AASHTO),Washington,D.C.



