Changing Changing Ways of Ways of

Life Ch 13 Life Ch 13 Sec1 1920’sSec1 1920’s

Ch 13 Sec1 Changing Ch 13 Sec1 Changing Ways Ways How did new urban values of How did new urban values of

the 1920’s clash with the 1920’s clash with traditional rural society?traditional rural society?

What were some of the What were some of the causes and effects of causes and effects of Prohibition?Prohibition?

What main issue did the What main issue did the Scopes Trial address?Scopes Trial address?

Why did the KKK gain Why did the KKK gain members in the early 1920’s?members in the early 1920’s?

Urban Vs RuralUrban Vs Rural The 1920 census revealed more The 1920 census revealed more

Americans lived in citiesAmericans lived in cities Rural America had not changed Rural America had not changed

from the 19from the 19thth century century City dwellers argued about City dwellers argued about

scientific and social ideas; scientific and social ideas; Drinking, Gambling and Casual Drinking, Gambling and Casual Dating were acceptedDating were accepted

Small town life was safe, sober, Small town life was safe, sober, hard working, Christian with hard working, Christian with strict morals and codes of strict morals and codes of behaviorbehavior

ProhibitionProhibition Reformers had long since Reformers had long since

considered alcohol a prime cause considered alcohol a prime cause of corruptionof corruption Anti- Saloon LeagueAnti- Saloon League Women’s Christian Temperance Women’s Christian Temperance UnionUnion

Drinking led to crime, wife and Drinking led to crime, wife and child abuse, accidents on the child abuse, accidents on the job, and other social problemsjob, and other social problems

Support for prohibition came Support for prohibition came from the South and the Westfrom the South and the West

Prohibition Part IIProhibition Part II During WWI grain was needed to During WWI grain was needed to

make bread not alcoholmake bread not alcohol In Jan. 1920 The 18In Jan. 1920 The 18thth Amendment Amendment

was passed making it illegal to was passed making it illegal to manufacture, sell, or transport manufacture, sell, or transport alcoholic beveragesalcoholic beverages

The The Volstead ActVolstead Act established The established The Prohibition Bureau but it was Prohibition Bureau but it was undermanned and under fundedundermanned and under funded

1,500 agents had to patrol 18,700 1,500 agents had to patrol 18,700 miles of coastline and combat miles of coastline and combat stillsstills

SpeakeasiesSpeakeasies Americans were tired of the Americans were tired of the

sacrifices after WWIsacrifices after WWI SpeakeasiesSpeakeasies were underground were underground

hidden saloons and nightclubshidden saloons and nightclubs One presented a card or a pass-One presented a card or a pass-

word to get inword to get in SpeakeasiesSpeakeasies were in penthouses, were in penthouses,

office buildings, rooming houses, office buildings, rooming houses, hardware stores, and tearoomshardware stores, and tearooms

Middle-class and upper class Middle-class and upper class men and women attendedmen and women attended

Organized CrimeOrganized Crime Disrespect for the lawDisrespect for the law BootleggersBootleggers brought in illegal brought in illegal

alcohol to the US ( Smugglers)alcohol to the US ( Smugglers) Al Capone’s Chicago bootlegging Al Capone’s Chicago bootlegging

empire netted over $60 mil a yrempire netted over $60 mil a yr In the 1920’s there were 522 gang In the 1920’s there were 522 gang

killingskillings By 1926 only 19% of Americans By 1926 only 19% of Americans

favored Prohibition (Wets VS favored Prohibition (Wets VS Drys) Repealed in 1933, 21Drys) Repealed in 1933, 21stst Amd Amd

FundamentalismFundamentalism Protestant Christians focused on reform Protestant Christians focused on reform

activities and the activities and the literal interpretation of literal interpretation of the bible.the bible.

They were skeptical of science and believed They were skeptical of science and believed the biblical stories to be truethe biblical stories to be true

The The rejected Charles Darwin’s Theory of rejected Charles Darwin’s Theory of EvolutionEvolution which stated human beings which stated human beings evolved from apesevolved from apes

They believed in They believed in CreationismCreationism which is the which is the earth and humans were created in six daysearth and humans were created in six days

Evangelist Aimee Semple Evangelist Aimee Semple McPhersonMcPherson

The Scopes TrialThe Scopes Trial In March 1925 TN , a In March 1925 TN , a bible bible

beltbelt state passed a law state passed a law making it a crime to teach making it a crime to teach evolutionevolution

The The ACLUACLU stated it would stated it would defend any teacher willing to defend any teacher willing to test the lawtest the law

John T. ScopesJohn T. Scopes a young a young biology teacher accepted, biology teacher accepted, taught evolution and was taught evolution and was promptly arrestedpromptly arrested

The Scopes Trail IIThe Scopes Trail II William Jennings Bryan three time William Jennings Bryan three time

democratic candidate for President democratic candidate for President and devout fundamentalist joined the and devout fundamentalist joined the prosecutionprosecution

The ACLU hired Clarence Darrow to The ACLU hired Clarence Darrow to defend Scopesdefend Scopes

Darrow called Bryan to the stand and Darrow called Bryan to the stand and got him to admit the bible could be got him to admit the bible could be interpreted in different ways interpreted in different ways

Still Scopes was found guilty and fined Still Scopes was found guilty and fined $100, the verdict was later overturned $100, the verdict was later overturned

The Revival of the KKKThe Revival of the KKK The Klan was reorganized in The Klan was reorganized in

Stone Mountain, GA in 1915Stone Mountain, GA in 1915 They wanted “Native White They wanted “Native White

Protestant Supremacy”Protestant Supremacy” It was inspired by D. W. Griffin’s It was inspired by D. W. Griffin’s

racist spectacle racist spectacle The Birth of a The Birth of a NationNation

Hiram Johnson took over in 1922 Hiram Johnson took over in 1922 and mass advertised the Klan as and mass advertised the Klan as heroes, membership in the Mid-heroes, membership in the Mid-west and the South increasedwest and the South increased

KKK’s ViolenceKKK’s Violence The Klan targeted some The Klan targeted some

protestants, Catholics, African-protestants, Catholics, African-Americans, Jews, and immigrantsAmericans, Jews, and immigrants

The Klan played on feelings of The Klan played on feelings of Nativism and used public whippings, Nativism and used public whippings, arson and lynching to intimidatearson and lynching to intimidate

The Klan controlled the Democratic The Klan controlled the Democratic party in TX,OK,IN,CO,OR and othersparty in TX,OK,IN,CO,OR and others

The Grand Dragon David C. The Grand Dragon David C. Stephenson Manslaughter case Stephenson Manslaughter case discredited the KKK by 1926discredited the KKK by 1926