CHANGES IN THE MOVEMENT

GREATER EQUALITYSouth: de jure

segregationBy law

North: de facto segregationBy practice

North erupts in violenceHarlem, Watts, Detroit

NEW LEADERSMalcolm X

Nation of IslamSeparation of

blacks and whitesPilgrimage to

Mecca changes his viewsBreaks from the Nation

Killed while speaking in 1965

NEW LEADERSStokely

CarmichaelLeader of SNCC“Black Power”

Racial PrideKing thought

phrase would promote violence

BLACK PANTHERSStarted in Oakland CaliforniaHuey Newton

and Bobby Seale

BLACK PANTHERSFight police

brutalityAdvocated self-

sufficiency for African American communities

1968King Killed in

MemphisRobert

Kennedy calls for calm100 cities

erupted in riots

1968Robert Kennedy

killed in LA while running for president

GAINSEnd of de jure segregationIncreased black votersIncreased college enrollment

Greater pride in race

UNFINISHED WORKFew attitudes about race had changed

Education still a problemUnemployment in inner cities

High poverty rate