12 TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION12.1 AN OVERVIEW The original plan of the city was based on the gridiron defined byasystem of seven types of roads, which was called the 7Vs. Thesystemwasdesignedtoprovidesafemobilitytochildrenandpedestrianswithin and between the sectors, while also permitting the benefits offast movement for vehicular traffic. Basedontheproblems beingfaced by European cities after the industrial revolution, Le Corbusierintendedtoprevent thetrafficcongestionandpollutionproblemscaused by the growth of the private motor car while simultaneouslyutilising the benefits the technology offered. Prevention of vehiculartraffic jams on the roads designed for uninterrupted fast mobility wasto be achieved by having an efficient system of public bus transport.Sixtyyearslater, althoughmostelementsoftheoriginal circulationsystem remain intact, it is the private car which rules the roost today.ThepedestrianpathwaysforlinkingdifferentsectorsthroughopenChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftTravel in the city has become more risky with accident rates havinggoneup. thenumberofpersonskilledinroadaccidentshasalsogone up. This has tended to impact the poor more severely as manyof those killed or injured are cyclists/pedestrians. Increased use ofpersonal vehicles has also lead to air pollution.Thepedestrianpathwaysforlinkingdifferentsectorsthroughopengreenspacesfromnorthtosouthhavelargelyremainedonpaper.Instead of cycle tracks going through the open spaces similarlyconnecting different sectors, some cycle tracks have been laid alongthe V3s dividing sectors but even these are poorly planned orincomplete, and in any case, do not provide safe continuity across thefast traffic roads.With the city nowhaving the highest per capita ownership ofmotorisedvehiclesinthecountry, andadramaticincreaseindailyfloating traffic from the extensive urbanisation which has taken placearound thecity,Chandigarhtodayfacestheveryproblems thatthecarefully designed original Plan was meant to avoid. Pedestrians andcyclists can no longer move around the city safely as the motor car hasbecometheprimedeterminant for trafficregulations andbarriersacrossroads. Roadwideninghasbeenencroachingonpedestrianpathways andmany openspaces are getting encroachedfor carparking.SKETCH BY LE CORBUSIERSHOWING 7V CONCEPT25212.2 REGIONAL CONNECTIVITYOF THE CITYThe city has good connectivity with the other surrounding regionby road, rail and air.Road connectivityChandigarh is well connected with the national capital by NH-21which passes through the city. The four laning of the highwayandthe construction of a number of flyovers and bypasses has madeit a fast travel corridor reducing travel time considerably. The cityis also well connected to the major towns in Punjab, Haryana andHimachal Pradesh by road.KALKAAIRPORTRAILWAY stationPINJORECHANDIGARHChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftTherecent upgradationof theNational HighwayleadingtoShimlaandtheconstructionof abypassaroundthetownsofPinjore and Kalka have removed the major traffic bottleneck inthe road to Shimla .TheInterState BusTerminus(ISBT)in Sector 17was the mainISBT for a number of decades till the recent construction of theISBT in Sector 43. The new ISBT provides Interstate busconnectivityonall routes except for afewlongroutebusesplying from ISBT Sector-17. The ISBT in Sector 17will eventuallybe used as a local bus terminus.MAP SHOWING REGIONAL CONNECTIVITYBUS STAND, SECTOR-17INTER STATE BUS TERMINUS, SECTOR-43253RAILWAY CONNECTIVITYThe rail connectivity to the city is through twin track railway linesfrom Delhi and Mumbai upto Ambala , a single track broad gaugethereafter upto Kalka and a narrow-gauge single track betweenKalka and Shimla having heritage value. The recently built singletrack Chandigarh to Morinda railway line provides railconnectivityto Punjab.Besides serving the city, Chandigarhs railway station located inthe north-eastern periphery of the city near the Industrial Areaalso serves the goods and the passenger traffic of theneighbouring region including the towns of Panchkula andMohali. Direct access to the railway station from the Panchkulaside has been facilitated.With the increase in the frequency and number of trainstogether with faster speed andgreater comfort, rail has becomeanimportant mode of transport.AIR CONNECTIVITYChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftCHANDIGARH RAILWAY STATIONAIR CONNECTIVITYLocated on the south eastern corner of the city and built in thefifties, Chandigarhs airport remains under the Ministry ofDefence but also serves as a domestic airport. Over the years,direct flights to Delhi, Mumbai, Jammu, Srinagar, Jaipur, Leh andBengaluru have been introduced with a daily footfall of around2,000 passengers at the local airport. The proposal tostartinternational flights has beenunder active consideration forsome time.Anew, fullyair-conditionedterminal building, equippedwithmodernfacilities, has beenbuilt recently withacapacity toaccommodate 500 passengers at a time. Chandigarhs airporttoday is among the best airports in the country in the category ofB class cities.Theairportisintheprocessofbeingfurther upgradedasaninternational airportasajoint venture of Punjab,Haryanaandthe Airport Authority of India on 300 acres of land in Punjab.OLD TERMINAL OF CHANDIGARH AIRPORT254NEW TERMINAL OF CHANDIGARH AIRPORTTYPE FUNCTIONV1 Roads connecting Chandigarh with other cities in the region . The Madhya Marg and Dakshin Margmerge with the V1s leading to Kalka and Ambala respectively.V2 The major avenues of Chandigarh, with important institutional and commercial buildings locatedon them. Madhya Marg, Dakshin Marg, Jan Marg, Himalaya Marg, Uttar Marg and Purv Marg areimportant examples of these.V3 Roads between sectors for fast moving vehicular traffic. Eachsector is surrounded either by a V2or V3.TABLE 1: THE HIERARCHICAL NETWORK OF 7VS (WHICH HAS INCREASED TO 8) HAD THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONS INCHANDIGARHS ORIGINAL PLAN :12.3 ROAD NETWORK OF 7VS WITHIN THE CITYChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftV4 Shoppingstreets cutting through sectors with shops on their southern side.V5 Circulation roads within sectors .V6 Roads providing access to houses .V7 Foot paths through greenbelts enablingpedestrians tocross sectors withouthaving tocrossvehicular traffic and cycle tracks.V8 Cycle tracks through green spacesBuses were to ply only along V2,V3 andV4 roads. Each sector was to have only four entry pointsfrom V3s no direct entry to houses was permitted from these roads.255PLAN P1 : ORIGINAL CIRCULATION NETWORK AND TRANSPORTATION NODESRAILWAY STATIONTO AMBALATO MULLANPURBSSECTOR- 17Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftAIRPORTTO AMBALATOMORINDAISBT, SECTOR 43256PRESENT STATUS OF ROAD NETWORKThe7VCirculationSystemhasserved thecitywell fordecades.Howeverthesameisnowunderextremepressure,bothinternaland external, which has begun to affect itsefficiency.The concept of the self contained neighbourhood intended to meetall the daily needs of the residents within walking distance withouthavingtogooutsidethesector has not beenfullysuccessful ;freedom of choice for schools, shopping centres etc. outside thesectors results in inter sector movement of fast and slow vehiclesacross the city.Further, Le Corbusiers concept of the 7Vs has not beenfullyimplemented.Detailed planning of the road network/road sections of eachcategoryof roadwas doneingreat detail bytheoriginal teamincluding road carriageways, pedestrian and cycle tracks, treeplantation, and street lighting. Phased development of the systemFigure4 : Road sections 1st phase developmentChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftincluding road carriageways, pedestrian and cycle tracks, treeplantation, and street lighting. Phased development of the systemwasplannedtoenabletheinfrastructuretokeeppacewiththegrowth of the town. Refer Figure 4 and Figure 5.Pedestrian pathways andcycle tracks not fully builtThe V7s and V8s intended exclusively for the pedestrians and thecyclists respectively crossing road intersections by underpasseshave not been implemented so far.Figure 5 : Road sections 2ndphase development257 Thepathwaysthat havebeenlaidarepoorlymaintainedandhave trees, storm water drainage and other obstructions whichcompel pedestrians /cyclists to move on roads thereby defeatingthe very conceptof dedicated space for them. Underpasses to connect V4 shopping streets across V3s/V2s havealso not beenimplemented. The built environment and the roadjunctions also do not permit suchinterconnectivity at this stage . Four phased development of roundabouts has been carried outonly upto the second phase. In most cases slip roads were builtonly recently. In somecases no space has been left for slip roadsmaking them non feasible now.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftPEDESTRIANSPACEENCROACHEDBYTREES,UTILITIESWHICHDEFEATSTHEPURPOSEOFDEDICATED FOOTPATHSPOOR CONDITION OF ROADS AND CYCLE TRACKSLANDSCAPED ROUNDABOUTS OF CHANDIGARHDRAWING OF FOUR PHASED DEVELOPMENT OF ROUNDABOUTS258Chandigarhs road network is under intense pressure today due toincrease in population, explosive growth in the number of privatevehicles which has increased the number of personalised vehicles,partly due tothe absence of anefficient andreliable publictransport system. There are limitations on the road space that canbe provided within the existing built up environment.Expansion of the city to the periphery of UT and permittedland usechanges have resulted in new travel corridors.(Refer chapter - 13on Land Use )Newroads to provide / improve connectivity of the developmentsin the peripheral areas generating criss-cross movement across thecity and increasedinter sector commuting. The7Vandthesectoral conceptshavenot beenfollowedwhile urbanising therural areas .High volumes of through traffic across the city:Thetotal daily (24hour) traffic studies at outer cordonpointsindicate thatabout1,52,650vehiclesenterorleaveChandigarhUrban Complex on a typical working day. There is also high throughpassenger andfreight traffic across thecity. MadhyaMargisenvisaged to be the worst affected of the roads since it providesthe shortest andthe direct connectionbetweenthe towns ofPunjab Mullanpur /Kharar /Anandpur Sahib and Baddi in HimachalontheWestandtheeasterntownsofManimajra, andtownsofPanchkula, Panchkula Extension, Pinjore Kalka, ChandimandirCantonment inHaryanaandfurther tothetownsof Parwanoo,Shimla etc. in the state of Himachal Pardesh. The through trafficacross the city had added to the congestion on the road.As per the surveys conducted by M/s Rites in 2008, the daily totalinter citypassenger traffic with the Chandigarh Urban Complex is12.4 PRESENT TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMSChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftwhile urbanising therural areas . Urban development acrossthePatiali ki RaoandSukhnaChoehasbeenpiecemeal, withsome areas havingpooraccessibility. No provision has been madefor pedestrians /cyclists in transchoe developments or on the high level bridges constructedover the choes despite many commuters using these modes .Large volumes of inter-city trafficThere is now a lot of intercity vehicular traffic from theneighbouringstateswhichhavestrongdailyinteractionwiththecity. The emergence of the new towns of Mullanpur andNaya Gaon adjoining the city, and the planned expansion of existingtowns in the neighbouring states are also likely to generate newtravel corridorsexerting further pressureonthecitysarteries.Consequently, thewell definedplannedhierarchy of roads hasbeendisturbed bothdue tointercitytrafficandincreased trafficwithin the city, including that from the wholesale markets .inter citypassenger traffic with the Chandigarh Urban Complex is4.93 lakh trips (cars, 2 wheelers, auto rickshaws and buses) about1.41 lakh of which comprise through trips which is 28.7% of thetotal traffic. The demand for through trafficis shown in Figure 10.Of the total traffic of 26934 vehicles (LCV, Trucks and MAV) about11062vehicles arethroughwhichis about 41%of total traffic.Traffic desire for through movement is shown in Figure 11. This alsoindicates theneedabypass roadtoaroundChandigarhUrbanComplex. Withbusinessasusual scenario, theVolume/Capacity(V/C )ratios on all major corridors are expected to be well above 1by year 2021. The situation is likely to worsen considering the highgrowth anticipated in CUC and nearby towns.259Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftFigure 10 Figure 11DESIRE PATTERNS OF INTER-CITY PASSENGERS IN THE STUDY AREA (2008)DESIRE PATTERN OF INTER-CITY GOODS TRAFFIC IN THE STUDY AREA (2008)260 Trafficcompositiononroadsindicates averyhighshareof twowheelersonmostroads. Theshareofcars is also growing. On some of the roads, the shareof two wheelers and cars in total traffic is more than80%indicating inadequacy of thepublic transportsystem. The household travel surveys indicate high ownershipof cars and two wheelers. 86%of households own at least one car or two-wheeler. At present, modal split in favour of public transport isonly 16% of total motorised person trips as against therecommended 80%intheNational UrbanTransportPolicy. This is due to the high growth rate inpersonalizedmotorvehicles, Thislowmodal shareisChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftpersonalizedmotorvehicles, Thislowmodal shareislikely to fall further unless an effective publictransport systemis put in place at the earliest . Thecityhasthehighestcarpercapitaofmotorisedvehicles in the country. There were more than 6 lakhmotor vehicles registered in Chandigarh in 2005. Twowheelers account for around71.5%andcars/jeepsaround 27% of the total vehiclesregistered.HEAVY TRAFFIC JAMS ON THE CITY ROADS261CATTLES OBSTRUCTINGTRAFFICINPERI URBANAREAS7V CONCEPT NOT FOLLOWED IN RURAL AREASRailway line an obstruction to the smooth flow of traffic:The railway line passing throughthe city is a hindrance toseamless connectivity in the absence of ROBs /RUBsManimajra, Mauli Jagran, PanchkulaTownlocatedacross therailway line and daily commuters are put to great inconvenienceat railway crossings.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftAdditions made to the road infrastructureThe following new roads have been planned /built to improve theconnectivity of the areas mentioned above.The Vertical V3s have been extendedup to the interstate boundaryto carve out additional sectors and connect with the V3s of Mohaliwhich have replicated and synchronised the 7V network ofChandigarh .12.5 INTERVENTIONS /ADDITIONS MADE TO THEROAD NETWORK OF THE ORIGINAL PLANPLAN P2 EXTENSIONOF VERTICAL V3S TOTHE INTERSTATE BORDERSRailway line an obstruction to the smooth flow of traffic:262Pressure on Madhya MargMadhya Marg with the highlevel bridge across the railwayline andSukhna Choe is at present the only encumbrance freedirect approachto trans Sukhna Choe areas and as such attracts high traffic volumeswhich lead to high traffic congestion especially during working hours .Traffic surveys conducted by RITES for preparing theComprehensive Mobility Plan indicate that RoadnetworkcapacityinCUCisadequatefor nowbutmajor travel corridors Madhya Marg, Udyog Path, DakshinMarg are beginning to become congested. Many junctions particularly on Madhya Marg,Himalaya Marg, Dakshin Marg, Jan Marg, Purv Marg,UdyogPathetchaveveryhighapproachtrafficvolumesand most of the junctions with rotaries have exceeded theircapacity. With expected growth of traffic, the situation atthese junctions is likely to deteriorate fast.- Table1showsVehicularCapacityratiosofvariousmajorroads inthe study area. It can be seen from the table thatin 2009 most of the roads had V/C ratios less thanSr.No Name of RoadVehicle Capacity Ratio 20091 Vidya Path 0.82 Udyan Path 0.73 Jan Marg 0.84 Himalaya Marg 0.75 Sarovar Path 0.86 Sukhna Path 0.87 Chandi Marg 0.68 Purv Marg 0.8TABLE T1: TRAFFIC SURVEYS CONDUCTED BY RITESRefer Plan 1 on Page 5Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftin 2009 most of the roads had V/C ratios less than1.0 except Madhya Marg and Udyog Path.- Although Volume/capacity (VC) ratio on most of the roadsareless than1, thesearefast approaching their fullcapacity. Someroadsarealreadyservingtrafficvolumesmorethanthecapacity. Thesituationislikelytoworsenconsiderably.- Under these circumstances corridors like Vidya Path,HimalayaMarg, MadhyaMarg, UdyogPath, PurvMarg,Vikas Marg and Dakshin Marg will get choked bypersonalized modes such as cars and two wheelers by 2021and beyond. With most of the roads having already beenwidenedtotheir full capacity,thisindicatestheneedofaugmentingroadcapacitybyplanninghighcapacitymasstransport systems.8 Purv Marg 0.89 Madhya Marg 1.210 Udyog Path 1.111 Dakshin Marg 0.812Between Sec 10 and 15(Panchkula) 0.813Between Sec 6 and city center(Panchkula) 0.314Near Sec 1 Shimla Road(Panchkula) 0.815 NH-21 (Near Tribune Chowk) 0.7263Route No. 1 (alternative route to Panchkula ) - A 30.48.(100 ft.)wideroadfromPurvMarg toSector 17/18junction of PanchkulaviaIndustrial AreaPhase-I/CTUworkshop/cremationgroundhasbeen constructed . The road width varies from21.34 to 30.48 mwithin the Industrial Area Phase-I due to constraints of adjoiningbuildings. At present there is obstruction of railway level crossing.Route No. 2 -A 60.96 m wide road (with 10.5 m wide metalled roadand 5 meters wide slow carriageway on either side) fromHallomajra Chowk to Industrial Area in Panchkula via forestarea/Industrial Area, Phase-III (Raipur Kalan), has beenplanned.At present 7m wide metalled road on either side of central vergehas been constructed, however, the commuters areinconveniencedby a surface rail crossing (at Jn. 125) andtheabsence of pedestrian/cycle tracks.Route No.3 A 30.48 m wide road (with dual carriageway on eitherside) fromSaint Kabir crossing (Chandi Path) to Fun RepublicRoundabouts replaced by ATC lightsThe total replacement of roundabouts with ATC lights in a few casessuch as the Press Chowk and the Transport Chowk along MadhyaMarghasnotbeenappreciatedbythecityresidentswhohaveastrong affinity with the citys beautifully landscapedroundabouts.ATC lights have been installed at various junctions (Refer Plan 2)Central verge constructed along V4 roads to segregate movementinoppositedirectionsandtoimprove flow of traffic. Thishashowever defeated the intended function of the V4 roads plannedChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftROUNDABOUTS WITHTRAFFIC LIGHTSROUNDABOUTS REPLACEDBY TRAFFIC LIGHTSside) fromSaint Kabir crossing (Chandi Path) to Fun Republic(Manimajra) via behind the Police Lines /railway crossingN126/Police Station (Manimajra)/Fun Republic has beenplanned/constructed. However, the RUB pedestrian paths/cycletracks are yet to be constructed. The width of the road varies from30.48m to 15.84m due to constraints posed by existing buildings inManimajra along the road.Widening of road carriageways beyondthe ultimate prescribed inthe road section to accommodate more cars. This has howeverbeen at the expense of the pedestrians and the cyclists and needsto be avoided in future .however defeated the intended function of the V4 roads plannedas slow carriageways.Closure of the central verge along V2/V3 roads betweenintersections to prevent crisis cross movement and accidents. Thisagain has given priority to cars at the cost of the pedestrians, cyclistsand other non motorised modes of mobility (such as cycle rickshawsand horse carts )264CENTRAL VERGE ON V4VisionOne day people will come to Chandigarh to see the park whereinone does not see the automobile, where one sees the nature (a veryimpressive nature ).Le CorbusierThe Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 vision for the traffic andtransportation in Chandigarh is in sync with above quotation. TheGOIs National Urban Transport Policy advocates people centric wellcontained city with efficient people-friendly transport system withminimum travel time & maximum safety and comfort that aims atreducing dependence on cars, with widespread use of non-motorised modes and mass rapid transit system.GOALS To improve connectivity and travel throughout the city andits region. Toimprovemobilitywithinneighborhoods, wards, zonesand satellite towns to address inner- and inter-citytransportation needs to offer viable and reliabletransportation options. At the same time the facilityprovided should be optimally used. Maintaining Chandigarhs outstanding universal appeal ofa green, clean and spacious town which does not buckleunder pressure. Adopting best practices -Use of green andenergy efficienttransportationmodes whichcauseleast damagetotheenvironment. Sixty to seventy percent of total trips should be made bypublic transport, with one (or two) modal changes. Ninety percent of thepopulationshouldbeservedby12.6 PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT PLANNINGChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftmotorised modes and mass rapid transit system. Ninety percent of thepopulationshouldbeservedbypublic transport. Trip origins and destination to be within 500m of publictransport terminal and stops. Safe and convenient pedestrian/NMV facilities throughoutthe urban area. Safebicyclelanesshall beprovidedtoreachthepublictransport system, with secure bicycle parking provided forthosewhodonothaveaccess topublic transportwithinwalking distance. Integrated urban land use and transport systemresultingin efficient and sustainable mobility for everyone andprovide greater accessibility to opportunities (e.g.employment, education, health, goods, and otherservices).MASTER PLANS VISION TO PROVIDE BETTER TRANSPORT FACILITIES265NeedforChandigarhInterstateMetropolitanRegional Plantoguide the traffic and transportation of the region and the cityHigh Inter City traffic expected within ChandigarhIn view of the developments proposed by the neighbouring statestheadjoiningregionaroundistargetedfor highgrowthinthecomingdecades. Theprojectedpopulationfor Chandigarhandother towns as per their development plans is expected to growfrom 21 lakh in 2009 to 59 lakh in 2041. Many new work centres,industries, sports, recreational andcultural facilities are beingplanned across the region which will result in new travel corridors.An Interstate Regional Traffic and Transportation Plan needs to bepreparedintheover-all contextof anInter-StateMetropolitanPLAN P3 Development on the periphery of ChandigarhChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftREGIONAL CONTEXT preparedintheover-all contextof anInter-StateMetropolitanRegionwhichspellsouttheaugmentationandstrengtheningoftheexistinginfrastructure, ensuringproper connectivitytothelandlocked city .266Independent transportationplanninghasbeenundertakenbytheneighbouring states under the respective regional plans (ReferChapter 2 on Regional Context). Chandigarh Administration engagedRITES to prepare the Comprehensive Mobility Plan for theChandigarhUrbanComplex. All the three needtobeurgentlysynchronized under the ambit of an Interstate RegionalTransportationPlantoprovideseamlessconnectivityand preventtraffic congestion and bottlenecks.Punjabs GMADA Regional Plan provides for the following: GMADA Expressway connecting the agglomeration ofSASNagar andthetownshipsof Landran, Banur, Kharar, inPunjab and Baddi in Himachal Pradesh. Ring road between Sector 72 and 76 along Aero City road. Newlinkages i.e. MDRB, PR4, PR5 connecting Mullanpurtrafficflow whichwill act asadeterrentratherthanfacilitatediversion of unwanted through trafficfromChandigarh.To enable the GMADA Expresswayto effectivelydivert trafficawayfromChandigarh, thepossibilityof enablingseamlessmovement throughgrade separation from thethe local trafficneeds to be considered.Gradeseparationof theroadbetweenSector 72and75ofMohali christened Aero City Road to fulfil the functionalrequirements of a by-pass is also recommended to ensureuninterrupted connection to theInternational Airport.Since the MDRB, PR4, PR5 roads will connect the major highwaysand also provide the shortest distances between the otherneighbouring towns on theeasternandsouthern periphery-namelyPanchkula, Pinjore Kalkaand,Zirakpur,Dera Bassi etc..the traffic volume on these roads is likely to increase manifold.TheChandigarhAdministrationisalreadywidening the PGI toObservationsontrafficandtransportationproposalsbytheneighbouring states in the region :Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft Newlinkages i.e. MDRB, PR4, PR5 connecting Mullanpurtownship with Chandigarhs Madhya Marg, Dakshin Marg andVikas Marg.RECOMMENDATIONCreation of by-pass around Chandigarh to prevent unwantedthrough trafficThere is need for creating a ring road /by-pass around Chandigarh toprevent unwanted through traffic within the Chandigarh. However inviewofthenonavailabilityoflandwithinChandigarh, thematterneeds to be addressed at the interstate level . The State Governmentof PanjabhasstatedthattheGMADAExpresswayandringroadsproposed in the GMADA Regional planwill serve the purpose due tothe ROWs and the number of lanes proposed.Both the roads however are at a considerable distance fromChandigarhand thesewill alsopass throughbusyareas ofexistingtowns with continuous local and goods movement obstructingTheChandigarhAdministrationisalreadywidening the PGI toMullanpurroadasanextensionof the MadhyaMargwithathree lane dual carriageway together with a slow carriageway.High level bridge is also being planned across the Patilai ki Rao.Thealignment of theoverheadmetroalongtheroadis alsobeing factored in.Theproposal needstobesynchronizedwiththeMDRBoftheGMADA Regional Plan, Punjab. There is also a need to improvethe intersection of the tworoads which meet at theinterstateboundary. WithinChandigarhjurisdiction, a stretchof 600metersfromthehighlevel bridgeat KhuddaJassu uptotheJayanti Devi Templehasconstraintsof widening beyondtwolanedual carriagewayduetodevelopmentsofthevillagesoneither side of the road. It is therefore proposed that toenableproper development, essential land in Khuda Lahora is acquired.The linkage of PR4and PR5with Chandigarhs busy arterys ishowever not recommended since the existing roads are alreadycongested and are incapable of taking additional traffic .267PLAN P4- DEVELOPMENTS BY THE STATE OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AROUND CHANDIGARH TOWNSHIP OF MULLANPUR, PUNJABSHREE MATA MANSA DEVI COMPLEX, HARYANAChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftSAS NAGAR, PUNJABRECOMMENDATION Improving entryto the City along National Highway 21 Synchronizing road junctions Improvement of road junctions Landscaping Signages268Proposals of CMP 2031 - Improving entries to the city along National Highway 21 and Chandigarh-Mullanpur Road and Chandigarh- KhararRoad through Interstate coordinationIMPROVEMENT OF ZIRAKPUR JUNCTION Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftMATTER TO BE TAKEN UP WITH THE STATE GOVERNMENT OF PUNJABIMPROVEMENT AND SYNCRONISATION AT MULLANPUR JUNCTION 269RECOMMENDATION Organised pedestrian and cycle movement Space for feeder transport services auto rikshaws, bicycle rikshaws, Landscaping SignagesP5-ROAD NETWORK PROPOSED IN GMADA REGIONAL PLAN AND ITS CONNECTIVITY WITH CHANDIGARHRibbon DevelopmentTheentrytoChandigarhisthroughNational /StateHighways that cutacross the towns of the neighboring states. Smooth and unhindered entryinto the city is required. Themaster plans of different townships notifiedbytheStategovernmentindicatemixeduseribbondevelopmentalongmajor travel corridors.In the absence of service lanes, the heavytrafficgenerating commercial activities will hinder the smooth flow of traffic intoChandigarh. Toenableunhinderedandcomfortableentryintothecity,direct opening of buildings along highways not recommended.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftRecommendations - gradeseparations, Intersectionimprovements. Direct openingof buildings on highways notrecommended.PLAN P5 - GMADA REGIONAL PLANMIXED USED DEVELOPMENT270ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS W.R.T TRAFFIC INTHE ECOSENSITIVEAREASThe township of Shree Mata Mansa Devi Complex is beingdeveloped in Haryana on the north eastern side of the city abuttingthe Sukhna Lake, Sukhna forest andinclose proximity totheSukhna Wild Life Sanctuary.The Naya Gaon Township is being developed on the north of theCapitol Complexat thefoot of theShivalikHills. Thetownshipabuts the Sukhna Wild Life Sanctuary.BoththetownshipshavebeenconnectedtoChandigarhthroughexisting/proposedroads. The60m. wideroadof ShreeMataMansa Devi Complex connects the 30 m wide road of Chandigarhat the regulator end which further along the Sukhna Choe skirtingKishangarh to enter Chandigarh via the Golf Course.The Naya Gaon Township is accessed through the 16 ft. wide linkLOCATION OF SHREE MATA MANSA DEVI COMPLEX (GOOGLE MAP)Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftThe Naya Gaon Township is accessed through the 16 ft. wide linkroad to village Naya Gaon abutting Rajindra Park leading to KhudaAli Sher and Sukhna Wild Life Sanctuary.Though both the towns are being projected as low densityresidential towns, the work centers and social infrastructure beingproposed will generate considerable traffic movement in the highlyeco sensitive area.As per directions of the Ministry of Environment & Forests, GOI, thearea needs to be notified as Eco Sensitive Zone. The traffic volumesand movements need to be carefully regulated so as not to causeair and noise pollution which would disturb the flora and fauna oftheSukhnaWildLifeSanctuary. Itisdesirablethatonlylimitedtrafficbeallowed ontheseconnectingroadsasperguidelines ofthe Eco Sensitive Zone. (also see Chapter 17 on Ecology andEnvironment).LOCATION OF NAYA GAON TOWNSHIP (GOOGLE MAP)271IMPROVING CONNECTIVITY WITH CHANDIGARH AIRPORTUPGRADED TO AN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTAt present, Chandigarh Airport has direct access from NationalHighway-21 which passes through the city. Land identified forexpansion of the airport as an international airport falls withinthe State of Punjab.The expansion plan envisages retention of the existingrunway (in Chandigarh) and development of a new terminalintheadditional landprovidedin Mohali byGovernment ofPunjab (approximately 300 acres). The use to which theexisting terminal would be put is not clear.None of the access options for Chandigarh being consideredfor the expanded airport compares with the access currentlyenjoyed by Chandigarhs residents. The newterminal shouldbe made accessible fromChandigarh by an undergroundtunnel if feasible, connecting the existing road to the airportChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Drafttunnel if feasible, connecting the existing road to the airportwith the new terminal building to the Chandigarh City. This isthemost suited option for Chandigarh .The other two options i.e. connectivity from Purv Marg nearSector 48 ,and connectivity from the Zirakpur side should alsobe implemented to enable easy accessibility from alldirections, since the airport will alsoserve the larger northernregion including the State of Himachal Pradesh.Chandigarh Administration has taken up the matter with theHigh Powered Inter-State Coordination Committee constitutedby the GOI.PLAN P6: UPGRADATION OF CHANDIGARH AIRPORT TO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT.272PLAN P7 : PROPOSALSTOIMPROVETHECONNECTIVITYTOTHEAIRPORTPLAN 2- APPROACH FROM ZIRAKPUR SIDE(GOOGLE MAP)Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftPLAN 3 APPROACH FROM PURAV MARG SECTOR 48 SIDE (GOOGLE MAP)PLAN1- UNDERPASSACROSS THERUNWAY(GOOGLEMAP)273In the absence of an Inter-State Regional Plan and with a view toholistically address the traffic andtransportationproblems theChandigarh Administration took the initiative of getting aComprehensiveMobilityPlanfortheChandigarhUrbanComplexpreparedbyengagingM/s. RITES. Chandigarh, Panchkula, MohaliandZirakpurformed the studyarea with transport linkages withthe towns of Kharar, Derabassi, Pinjore, Kalka, Alipur Kot Behlana,Parwanu and Baddi.COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY PLANFOR CHANDIGARHURBANCOMPLEX (CUC)Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftIntegrated Multimodal Mass TransportRITES hasproposed an integrated multi-modalmasstransportsystemconsistingofmetrorail, BRT, commuterrail systemandnormal city bus system for the Chandigarh Urban Complex and itslinkages to nearby towns to meet the anticipated commuter travelneeds.Within Chandigarh Urban ComplexHeritage considerations in traffic and transportation planningWith a view to preserve Chandigarhs heritage, a conscious decisionChandigarhAdministrationhasdecidedthatthemetrowithinthesectoral gridwill be undergrounddespitethesubstantiallyhighercost.The basic objective of the Comprehensive Mobility Plan is to createan efficient, cost effective and extensive network of public transportproviding comfortable, convenient and affordable means oftransport to the maximumnumber of commuters.Thekey componentsof thismasstransport systemaredetailedbelow:MASS RAPID TRANSPORT SYSTEMMETROM/s RITES has proposed a multimodal mass rapid transport systemcovering the cities of Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali with274Within Chandigarh Urban Complex Mass Transport System Metro System Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) System City Bus System Augmentation of Bus Fleet Bus Terminals Bus Shelters Additional Depots Inter-city Bus Terminal Road Infrastructure Parking Facilities Inter-modal Interchanges Integrated Freight ComplexesOutside Chandigarh Urban Complex Road Infrastructure Bypasses Road widening Commuter Rail System Bus Rapid Transit Systemcovering the cities of Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali with144.2 kms of BRTS and 64.3 kms of Metro to be implemented in twophases. Out of the total length of 64.38 kms of the metro, 44.8 kms.fell intheChandigarharea, 6.5kms inHaryana(Panchkula) and13 kms in Punjab (Mohali).Subsequently it was decided to implement 25 kms. of the metro inthe first phase. Out of the two corridorsproposed one of19 kmconnectedtheSarangpur toSector 15PanchkulaviaChandigarhRailway Station and the second connected the Capitol Complex toSector 75 Mohali spanning 14 kms.Ontherequest of thePunjabandHaryanaGovernment, it wasdecided to extend the east- west corridor upto Mullanpur (Punjab) atthe western end and upto Sector 20 inPanchkula (Haryana) on theeastern end.The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation was hired as consultant to preparethedetailedproject report for thefirst phaseof theChandigarhMetro Rail Project network.PLAN P8 : Comprehensive Mobility Plan by RITES MRTS and BRTS corridors Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftMRTS CORRIDORS BY RITES BRTS CORRIDORS BY RITES275PLAN P9 : PLAN SHOWING MRTS, BRTS CORRIDORS & ADDITIONAL LINKS PROPOSED BY RITES Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft276TheDPRpreparedbyDMRCfor thePhase-1of theChandigarhMetro Rail Project Network provide for : NorthSouthCorridor-Capitol ComplextoGurudwaraSinghShaheeda, Mohali. EastWestCorridor-TransportTerminusMullanpurtoGrainMarket, Panchkula.The projected number of passengers to be carried by this line are1.43lakh, 2.05lakh, 3.20lakhand4.67lakhintheyears2016,2021, 2031 and 2041 respectively. This corridor will providemetroconnectivity tothe HighCourt, Secretariat, institutional buildings along Jan Margincluding the Chandigarh UT Secretariat , Punjab MiniSecretariat, etc along Jan Marg ,tourism places such as RockGarden and Rose Garden, CityCentre Sector 17, InterstateBus Terminus of Sector 17 and Sector 43, Sectors 9, 21, 22,34, 35, 43, 44, 51, 52 of Chandigarh and Sectors 61, 62, 68, 69& 70 of Mohali. Thecorridor will intersect withtheEWCorridor at MatkaChowk Sector 9enabling connectivity withMullanpur inPunjab and Panchkula in Haryana.Description Elevated (km)Underground (km)Total (km)Line 1 Capitol to Gurudwara Singh 4.427 8.070 12.497TABLE 2 - Route length (end to end of station)Detailedproject report for thefirst phaseof theChandigarhmetro rail network by DMRC :NorthSouthCorridor - Capitol ComplextoGurudwaraSinghShaheeda, Mohali (Corridor 1)Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftPunjab and Panchkula in Haryana. Integration of the corridor with the bus systemwill bethrough the bus terminus at sectors17 and 43. Total 10 stations have been proposed on this corridor; out ofthese stations 6 stations are undergroundandremaining4 are elevated. The entire length of this corridor in the Mohaliarea is proposed to beelevated. Futureextensionof thecorridortoAeroCityinMohali isalso beingexamined .ShaheedaLine 2 Transport Terminus to Grain Market19.041 6.035 25.076Total 23.468 14.105 37.573Description Elevated UndergroundLine 1 Capitol to Gurudwara Singh Shaheeda 4 6Line 2 Transport Terminus to Grain Market 15 5Total 19 11TABLE 3 - Number of stations277This will extend fromTransport Terminal Mullanpur I &II SarangpurKhudaLahoraPGI General Hospital Sector9Sector 7 Sector 26 Timber Market Chandigarh Railway station Housing Board Chowk MDC Panchkula HUDA Office Complex City Center Bus Station (Panchkula) District Center Village Raili Grain Market. The number of passengers to be carried by this lineare 1.48 lakh, 2.10 lakh, 3.90 lakh and 6.58 lakh in the years 2016,2021, 2031, 2041 respectively.This corridor will provide metro connectivity to the proposed newresidential cum commercial development in Mullanpur andSarangpur Area Chandigarh.The corridor integrates with other transport modes such asPanchkulaBus Terminus andChandigarhRailwaystationtothesectors 14, 11, 12, 10, 16, 9, 18, 8, 7, 19, 26, 27, 28, Manimajra,YearName of CorridorChandigarh Punjab HaryanaTotal PHPDT2018 Corridor I 114876 53309 168185 7007Corridor II 118267 14645 40804 173716 67112021 Corridor I 134200 71000 205200 8128Corridor II 143000 19500 48300 210800 85972031 Corridor I 210300 110100 320400 12280TABLE T4 : Forecast of METRO ridership by DMRC East West Corridor - Transport Terminus Mullanpur to GrainMarket, Panchkula (Corridor 2)Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftsectors 14, 11, 12, 10, 16, 9, 18, 8, 7, 19, 26, 27, 28, Manimajra,Rajeev Vihar and Mauli Jagran Complex, Chandigarh.This corridor provides metro connectivity to the Panjab University,PunjabEngineeringCollege, PGI Hospital, CityMuseum, marketcomplexes, Wholesale Fruit and Grain market and Timber Market,Sector 26.Thiscorridor is proposedaselevatedintheareaof Mullanpur,Sarangpur and Panchkula.Thereareatotal of 20stationsonthiscorridor out of which5 are underground and the remaining 15 are elevated.Corridor II 268600 28900 92800 390300 223492041 Corridor I 3030000 164800 467800 17383Corridor II 462400 34900 161000 658300 35637Construction of Metro will meet the requirements of Metro Act278PLAN 10 - FIRST PHASE OF METRO PROPOSED BY DMRC FOR METRO AND BRTS CORRIDORS PROPOSED BY RITES WITHIN CHANDIGARHChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft279Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftMajor interchange node Matka ChowkTypical underground station280CAPITOL (UG & SIDE) SECTOR 17 ISBT (U/G & ISLAND)Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftSECTOR 43(U/G & SIDE)Sector 34 ( U/G & ISLAND)AROMA CHOWK( U/G & ISLAND)SECTOR52( ELEVATED)281Catchment area shows the area that will bemost conveniently served by the MetroSARANGPUR (ELEVATED) KHUDA LAHORA (ELEVATED)Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftPGI ( UG & ISLAND)GENERAL HOSPITAL (UG & SIDE)SECTOR 7 (U/G & ISLAND)SECTOR26 ( U/G & ISLAND)TIMBER MARKET (ELEVATED)RAILWAY STATION (ELEVATED)HOUSING BOARD STAFF (ELEVATED)Catchment area shows the area that will be most conveniently served by the Metro282JUSTIFICATIONOF METRO SYSTEM BY DMRCprojectedpopulationfor theChandigarh Master Planbythatyear is only 16 lakhs. Viewed fromthe regional perspective, however, and therequirements of not only the tricity but also of themetropolitanregion, thepropositionseemsviableasitwilltakecareof largevolumes of intercitytraffic. Thepresentpopulation of the CUC makes the proposition viable right away.THE CONCERNS Expecting Chandigarh's residents which is so heavily dependent onprivate vehicles to switch over to public transport together with theshort distances of travel within the city will be a challenge. Due tohigh percentage of short intra-city trips the metro is unlikely to weanpeople away from the private vehicles and largely cater to inter-citycommuters. For intra-city mobilitythe mobilityplan needstogivegreater attention to incentivizing pedestrians and cycle usecombinedwithintegrationof para-statal transport likecycleandAccording toDMRC, since the Peak Hour Peak Direction Traffic inthe case of Chandigarh metro is more than 15,000 in 2031 and itwill beintherangeof 50,000in2041, alight capacitymetrosystem is recommended to keep down the capital and operatingcosts.THE OBSERVATIONS OF THE MASTER PLAN COMMITTEE ON THE MULTIMODALMASS TRANSPORT SYSTEM ARE AS UNDER: Publictransportsystemiswantinginall thethreetowns:While Chandigarh is gradually improving its local bustransportsystembyincreasing itsfleetandservices, theother towns have no public transport system. The residentsof the cities depend heavily on private vehicles or on paratransports- auto rickshaws, and taxies for inter citymovement or onthe limitedservice of the CTU. Cyclerickshaws are extensively used for short distance intra citytravel in the cities.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftcombinedwithintegrationof para-statal transport likecycleandauto rickshaws .APPROVAL OF CHANDIGARH HERITAGE CONSERVATION COMMITTEEKeeping the metro underground within the sectoral grid is based onheritage considerations. However since both the proposed corridorsarealong JanMargandMadhyaMarghavebeenapproved forheritagestatusall interventionsalongthecorridors, includingtheancillary infrastructure for themetroshall comply withheritageconsideration and approved by the Chandigarh HeritageConservation Committee.Redensification of the landuse along MRTS /metro corridors isgenerallyrecommendedinsites, howeverinviewof theheritagestatus the same is not recommended along these corridors.Moreover these corridors already have intense commercial/institutional developmentwithhighFAR alongthemandassuchare the most appropriate areas for the corridors.travel in the cities. While the detailed planning of the first phase of the metrocorridorsisunderway, nofurtherplanninghasbeendonefor the BRTS. Since the metro is to ply only on two corridors,it will not serve much purpose for the city, unless the BRTSand local feeder buses expected to handlethe major shareof public transport are put in place. There is thus a need toexpedite implementation of the BRTS and improve the localbus services. With the present population of 10.5 lakhs for the entire UT,Chandigarh does not independently qualify for a metro forwhich a minimumpopulation of 20 Lakhs has been recentlymandated by the Government of India. (Earlier theminimumrequirementwasapopulationof40lakhs). Thesharp decline in the UTs growth rate from 40 % to 17% alsodoes not make the proposition viable even by2031 as the283 Typical Elevated Section - applicable to Sector 52, 60, 72 andGurudwara Singh Shaheeda on NS corridor and the first 5 & last`10 stations of EW corridor: the station is generally located onthe roadmedian, anda 140~mlongthree level structure.Passenger area on concourse is spread throughout the length ofthe station, with staircases leading from either side of the road. UndergroundStation(sideplatform) applicabletoCapitolComplex&Sector43stationsontheNScorridor&GeneralHospital StationonEWcorridor: theseundergroundstationsfollow a typical design, for a three level station with entrancesandventilationshaftsat thegroundlevel, aconcoursewithticketing and AFCs at the mezzanine level and finally platformsat the lowest level. Sector 9/17 station - Sector 9/17 is an undergroundinterchangestation. TheNScorridor travels under theJanMargandtheEWcorridorpassesundertheNScorridorandtravelsalongMadhyaMarg. ThestationhasfourlevelswithObservations on tightening the targets of modal shift to publictransportRites has proposed a modal share of 70% for public transport by 2041fromthepresent16%,thistimelineshouldbereduced toachieveamodal share of80%by2025byexpediting theimplementationof theMRTS, BRTSandimprovementoflocal bussystemasproposedintheDelhi Master Plan. This is necessary for reducing the volume of traffic ontheroads and maintaining the quality oflifefor the cityresidentsandgivingpriority to pedestrians and cyclists .MetroStationsIn segments where the metro is to be elevated, the elevated stations andelevatedconcoursehavebeenproposedover theroads inmost oflocations tominimizeland acquisition. Tokeep the rail level low,it isproposed not to take the via duct through the station, thus a separatestructure configuration has been planned.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DrafttravelsalongMadhyaMarg. Thestationhasfourlevelswithground, mezzanine (concourse) and two platformlevels. The station is located at Matka Chowk which is the intersectionbetweenJanMargandMadhyaMarg. Fourentranceshavebeenplannedtoprovideeasy access tothestationfor allpassengers, from each side of the intersection, without havingto cross vehicular traffic on these busy roads.Planning and design criteria for stations Averageinter stationdistanceof 1.2kmhas beentriedtobemaintained, however the same varies from 0.692 km to 2.18 kmdepending upon the site, operational and traffic constraints. Switch Over Ramps (SOR) have been planned at the junction of theelevated and the underground metro station. Provisionforadequateparkingoffeederservices, publicprivateandparatransport andproper access by thepedestrians andcyclists will be required. The underground stations (island platform) applicable to Sector 17ISBT, AromaChowkandSector 34of theNScorridor andPGI,Sector 7 & 26 stations on EW corridor, the underground stationsfollow a typical design, of a three level station with entrances andventilationshaftsat thegroundlevel, aconcoursewith ticketingand AFCs at the mezzanine level and platforms at the lowest level.Platforms are 12 meter wide with 2 sets of stair/escalator banksleading to either end of the station. A lift is planned in the center.284Sensitive detailing of stations and Metro nodesBasedonthesections proposedby DMRC, theDepartment ofUrban Planning has prepared 3d views of the metro station.Aperusal of thesameindicatesthatthe detailingof thesamewould need to be improved so that the structure is not too heavyon the road. (Refer View 1 )An alternative view has also been prepared ,wherein a green edgehas been planned rather than a heavy structural wall (ReferView2). Thisissuggestiveandfurtherdetailingforthesameisrecommended due to the important location of the station to beapproved by Chandigarh Heritage Conservation Committee.Similarlyall over headstructures will beneedtobesensitivelydetailed out .Plan P11- Typical Metro Station and Interchange Station at Matka ChowkskylightsINTERCHANGE STATION MATKA CHOWKTYPICAL METRO STATION MATKA CHOWKChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftConcerns and RecommendationsMatka Chowk will be redeveloped as an interchange station between the North South and East West corridors of the metro. Four entrieshave been proposed to the three level structure. The skylights for the central vestibule/concourse and entrance canopies to be sensitivelydesigned to blend with Chandigarhs architectural style.skylightsskylightsEntry/exit MATKA CHOWKMATKA CHOWK2853D View 1 Overhead Metro and Metro Station along East West corridorChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftConcernsandRecommendations --- Thedetailing oftheelevatedcorridor-sizeanddesignofcolumns, structure,escalators andthestation needs to be thoroughly examined and detailed out.There is need for orderly development along the elevated corridor - architectural controlsrecommended at the entry to the city.Detailed landscaping proposal to avoid encroachment and misuse of the area under the corridors.Sketch prepared by Department of Urban Planning, UT, Chandigarh based on DMRC report and details (architectural expression)2863D VIEW 1METRO STATION AND INTERCHANGE STATION AT MATKA CHOWK AS PER PROPOSAL SUBMITTED BY DMRCChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftConcerns and Recommendations - There is need to carefully detail out the Matka Chowk which shall have a strong impactontheurbandesignalongJanMargtheceremonial boulevard. Approval oftheChandigarhHeritageConservationCommittee in view of the heritage status of the major artery .287Sketch prepared by the Department of Urban Planning, UT, Chandigarh based on DMRC report and details3D VIEW OF MATKA CHOWK AFTER DEVELOPMENT SUGGESTIVE IMPROVEMENT TO THE PROPOSAL SUBMITTED BY DMRCChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftSuggestive improvements - Introducing green edge to the structure to avoid wall like effect 288Conceptual Sketch prepared by the Department of Urban Planning, UT, Chandigarh based on DMRC report and detailsUNDERGROUND METRO STATIONSENTRANCE CANOPIES AT METRO STATIONS WILL IMPACT THESTREETSCAPE/DESIGN AND DETAILING SUBJECT TO APPROVALOFCHANDIGARHHERITAGECONSERVATIONCOMMITTEEINHERITAGE AREASDESIGN AND ENTRY AND EXIT TO UNDERGROUND METRO STATIONS AND ELEVATED METRO STATIONSChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftRecommendationsNew interventions in the cityscape. Canopies will need to be carefully designedwhichwith minimal interventions.PUBLIC FACILITIES-CONCOURSE AREA WITH TICKETING FACILITIESELEVATED METRO OUTSIDE THE SECTORAL GRID289BRTS Corridors To supplement the metro a BRT system has beenrecommended on the following corridors. CORRIDOR 1:- Starting from Chandigarh Armed PoliceComplex, Dhanas this route via Dakshin Marg upto Punjab U.T.boundary on NH21 will terminate at Zirakpur Chowk inPunjab. CORRIDOR2:- StartingfromSukhnaLakeviaSukhnaPathupto Sector-49 Chandigarh on North South axis and then westwards via V3 road between Chandigarh and Punjab boundaryterminating at Kharar Punjab. CORRIDOR 3:- Starting fromPGIMER (Madhya Marg) viaPaschim Marg upto Vikas Marg and then moving west wardsupto Maloya, Chandigarh and terminating in Pocket F MohaliPunjab.RITES has suppliedtwoseparatecross sections andBRTSplanning for roads having 30 m and 60 m ROW respectively .BRTS Corridor In Panchkula Anetwork of BRTS corridors havebeenproposedinPanchkulawhichwill connectwithBRTSofChandigarhalong Dakshin Marg ( See Plan 12).Two types of BRTS have been proposed by RITES observation ofthe Master Plan Committee:- TwotypesofBRTScorridorshavebeenproposed, onefor 60m right of way andthe other for 30m right of way. Within Chandigarh, the 60m right of way will beapplicable to Dakshin Marg and 30m right of way will beapplicable to Sukhna Path and Vidya Path. The bus lanes have been proposed on both sides of themaincarriagewayalongwithfootpathsandbusqueueshelters. Adapting the existing roads to BRTS corridor would entailre-proportioning the carriageways and require shifting ofservices like electricity poles and would also involve treeChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftplanning for roads having 30 m and 60 m ROW respectively .Intercity BRTS In addition to the aboveroutes, RITES has also recommendedBRTS corridor for intercity connectivity to Mohali andPanchkula to be taken up in Phase-II. BRTScorridors of Chandigarhextendtowards Mohali andZirakpur/Derabassi along NH21 integratedwiththe BRTScorridors of the state of Punjab. The BRTS corridor in Mohali are along the sectoral grid at theinterstateboundaryof UT & Punjab andextended uptoCityCenter, Sector 62. BRTS has also been proposed along the GMADA Expressway.services like electricity poles and would also involve treecutting. The bus queue shelters would also need to be relocated . In the 30 m corridor the existing road section has beenmaintained, the bus lane would be demarcated throughlane marking and would plyon the extreme left of thecarriageway. Dedicatingalanefor BRTStoenableuninterruptedflow of buses would involve shifting the entire load oftwo wheelers, three wheelers and four traffic onto theother lanes. In case of roads with two lanes only, giventhe current traffic volumes, this could lead tocongestion. The system would be practical and viableonlyifthecorridorisoptimallyutilisedforwhichthefrequency of buses would need to be increasedsubstantially for which modal shift to mass rapidtransport isto be encouraged. Aspernational mandate, provisionfordedicatedBRTScorridors is to be made along major regional roads andhighways.290PLAN 12 : BRTS CORRIDORS PROPOSED BY RITESChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft291BRTS CORRIDOR RITES PROPOSAL(a)(b)Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft292Conceptual Sketch prepared by the Department of Urban Planning, UT, Chandigarh based on RITES reportAugmentation and improvement in city bus systemA good public transport systemis a modern day necessity.Thedevelopmentandqualityof publictransportsystemhasnotkeptpacewiththisexplosionin theeconomicactivityduringlasttwo decades. The expectation of the public in terms of quality andcomfort available in means of transport have risen sharply. This hasled to increasing number of people using personal transport for alltypes of activities be it economic, professional or leisure.Theincreasingtrafficandtrafficdensityhasstartedputtingevengreater pressure on the infrastructure in terms of roads and otherinfrastructure associated with it.Chandigarhhasconfinedgeographical areawhereasMohali andPanchkula do not have a public transport system. ChandigarhTransport Undertaking has been providing public bus transport tothe tricity since its inception. In addition, point to point local busserviceisalsoprovidedtoKharar, Kurali andZirakpurinPunjab,Kalka in Haryana and Baddi in Himachal Pradesh. This is because alarge number of officegoers and other traffic between the tricityChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftAugmentation of schedule and fleetIrrespective of when the Metro and BRT become operational, localbus services will remain the mainstay of the public transport forlarge parts of the city. It is expected that 12.55 lakh trips per dayby 2021 and 26.7 lakh trips per day by 2041 on BRT and the otherbus system will be performed in Chandigarh Urban Complex. Forthis volume of traffic at least 1250 buses will be required by 2021and 2570 buses by2041.However, this number may have to be increased substantially incase any of the MRTS components lag behind plannedimplementation.Just increasing the bus fleet will not be enough, its quality willalsohavetobeof muchhigher standardfor achieving theNational Urban Transport Policy objective of changing thepassenger preference from personalized vehicles to publictransport. Consequently, range of new buses should be added tofleet which should be lowfloor and of good quality. Air large number of officegoers and other traffic between the tricityand satellite towns.While the metro and the high capacity BRT will be operational onselected routes, large areas will continue to be served by the localbus system which will also act as the most important feeder systemtotheMetroandBRTtogether withother modesof transport.Therefore, a good public transport systemcan be extremelysuccessful if modernized so as to be aesthetically appealing,punctual in operation, modern and comfortable in use. Anytransport plan for Chandigarh would be incomplete unless it takesthe tricity of Chandigarh, Panchkula and Mohali into considerationby keeping in view, the vision and objectives of the National UrbanTransport Policy, the Comprehensive Mobility Plan for ChandigarhUrban Complex, Master Plan Chandigarh projections upto 2031.293fleet which should be lowfloor and of good quality. Airconditioned buses for improvingthe commuter comfort are alsorecommended.Chandigarhsrecent introductionof 100JNNURMbusesbeingoperated bythe ChandigarhTransportUndertakingarea greatsuccess enjoying an occupancy ratio of 110% against occupancyratio of 70% of the old fleet. This is an indicator that modernizingthe Chandigarh Transport Undertaking would lead to greateracceptability of the Public Transport Systemasan alternative topersonal vehicles by the public for local travel in Chandigarh.TheStateGovernments of PunjabandHaryanaalsoneedtoaugment and integratetheir intercitypublic bus systems withinChandigarh and the neighbouring towns.Thefollowingis proposedtofurther motivatepeopletoadoptpublic transport: Improve the quality and outlook of the buses so that they arecomfortable, aesthetic, attractive as would be befitting amodern vibrant city.To achieve this objective there is a need to qualitatively changethefleetof busesfromthepresenttolatesttechnologicallyadvancedandergonomicallydesignedbuses, whicharealsoaestheticallyattractive. Thisshall beachievedbygraduallyreplacing the present fleet as it reaches the end of its age withthe latest available inthe market interms of technology,ergonomy, aesthetics and fuel efficiency. To introduce user friendly service in termof route plan,efficiencyandpunctuality. Modernizetheinfrastructuretoone which is user friendly and convenient. Toprovideseamless travel inthetricityandits adjoiningareas:To achieve this objective in addition to traffic pattern study,coordinatedeffort shall be made withadjoining cities ofMohali andPanchkulatomeshtheirpublicbusservice(asand when introduced) with Chandigarh TransportUndertaking so that the entire tricity public transports systemfunctions as a single coordinate unit.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft To use latest available IT services for public information, userfriendly ticketing, monitoring, management and control of thefleet. Toprovidequality roadtransport over larger distances forwork and leisure.Toachievethisobjective, theexistingfleetof longdistancebuses shall begraduallyreplacedwithmodernbuses as itreaches the end of its life and becomes due for replacement. To achieve the objectives laid down in and National Action Planon climate change and Chandigarh Master Plan. A gradual achievement of the objectives one to five shall leadto achieving this objective.294Intra-City Bus Terminals Inadditiontotheaboveterminals, BRTterminals are alsoproposed for Intracity movement at the origin and destinationof the BRT corridors and will also act as inter modalinterchanges between regional and local traffic. All the Intercity and Intra-city bus terminals would also providefortouristbuses, withadequateparkingfacilitiesandtouristbureaus / offices etc and other tourist infrastructure foroperation of private tour operators.Bus depots At present all the buses whether inter-city, inter-state or intra-city use depots in Industrial Area Phase I workshop and Sector25 CTU workshop. Tomeetthefuturedemandsofbuses, fivemorebusdepotshave been proposed by RITES at the Police Housing Complex,PocketEMohali inPhaseI, Sector48Chandigarh, Sector1APanchkula and Sector 104 Mohali. The existing 3 bus depotsChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftIntegrated intercity and intracity bus terminals/ busInter-City Bus TerminalsAt present all the buses whether inter-city, inter-state or intra-cityoriginate andterminate at theSector 17&Sector 43 ISBT inChandigarh, Sector 5City Center in Panchkula, and Sector 62 inMohali. To meet future demands three intercity bus terminals areproposed byRITESat Mani Majra, Sector 31ChandigarhnearTribune Chowk and Sector 102 Mohali, to cater to inter-state busescoming from different directions to Chandigarh Urban Complex.It is also suggested that 4 intercity terminals to be revived with allterminal facilities immediately and three new put in place by 2021at locationsshowninTable5. Later Sector 17Inter StateBusTerminus may be converted into a city bus terminal.For the proposed busterminals in Mohaliand Panchkula,thematter needs to be taken up with respective states of Punjab andHaryana.Panchkula and Sector 104 Mohali. The existing 3 bus depotsneedtobe improvedwithall depotfacilitiesimmediately,andtwonewdepotstobeput inplaceby2014andthreeafter 2021.Locations given in Table 6.Bus Depots Implementation by YearExistingIndustrial Area Ph 1 (CTU)Industrial Area Ph 1 (HaryanaRoadways)West of Sector 25 (CTU Workshop)ProposedPolice Housing Complex 2014Sector 48 2021Sector 1A Panchkula 2021Sector 104 Mohali 2021Table T6. Existing and Bus Depot proposed by RITES295Haryana.Table Bus TerminalExisting Sector 17Sector 43Sector 62 MohaliSector 5 PanchkulaProposed (by 2021)Sector 102 MohaliSector 31Mani MajraTable T5. Existing and Intercity Bus Terminals proposed by RITESCOMMUTER RAILSYSTEM (CRS)Alargenumberof peoplecommutebetweenChandigarhUrbanComplex and nearby towns of Pinjore, Kalka, Baddi, Ambala, Khararand beyond. Most of these commuters travel by road i.e. by buses,para transit modes and their own vehicles. Although Chandigarh isconnected with Kalka, Ambala and Ludhiana by regional rail system,there are no commuter rail services. All these railway lines are withsingle track. Railway line to Baddi inHimachal Pradeshis notavailable right now. Considering that the nearby towns areexpected to grow very fast in coming decades, their trafficinteractionwithChandigarhUrbanComplexisexpectedtogrow.Therefore, it is important that these commuters are weaned awayfromthe road based systemto rail by providing a frequentcommuterrail systemfromChandigarhtoPinjore-Kalka, Ambala,Ludhiana andBaddi Nalagarh.Rail toBaddi -Nalagarhwill alsoserve the freight traffic. Refer Rites proposal at Plan P13.INTEGRATED FREIGHT COMPLEXES (IFC)The freight movement through the city particularly on some of thearteries isalreadyrestrictedwithinthecity. At present all thePLAN P13- REGIONAL PROPOSAL BY RITESPLAN P14 : FREIGHT COMPLEXESChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftarteries isalreadyrestrictedwithinthecity. At present all thegoodstrafficconcentratesatSector26TransportNagar.Thereisinadequacy of space within the transport area as a result of whichideal truck parking ,and loading unloading activity is also observedin its adjoining areas and at the entry to the city along the NH-21near theIndustrial AreaandVillageDariaclosetotherailwaystation.To decongest the existing Transport Nagar, Rites has proposed fivenew IFCs at the periphery of the tricity complex, with all facilities ofwholesale markets, loading /unloading facilities, parking, workshopsetc. Heavy goods traffic enteringthetricity complex wouldbestoppedthereitselfandlight/small goodscarriervehicleswill beused to transfer goods within the complex. The provision ofGMADAExpressway will also helpdiversionof throughfreighttraffic.The Integrated Freight Complexes proposed in the tricity complexare shown in the adjoining map (ReferPlan P14)296FREIGHT COMPLEX WITHIN UT CHANDIGARHChandigarh Administration has already identified 45 acre of land inIndustrial Area Phase III for Warehousing and 105 acres in VillageDaria is also proposed for acquisition for shifting of Transport Nagarfrom Sector 26 and expansion of warehousing.An area has been proposed as Transport Area on the south easternend of the city and in close proximity to the Second Grain Marketand the Bulk Material Market. For rationalization of freight stationsthematterneedstobeaddressedattheregional level withtheneighbouringstates.It would be desirable to ensure that heavy vehicles are restricted tothe fringe of the urban area. This needs to be examined holisticallywhilepreparingtheChandigarhInterstateMetropolitanRegionalPlanwhichis tobepreparedas decidedintheHighPoweredCoordination Committee and is to cover an area of 50 km includingareas of the states of Punjab ,Haryana and portions of Himachal aswell.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftwell.FEEDER SERVICESFeeder services to the proposed multi modal network will also beimportant to provide convenient and quick transfer of passengersfrom one mode of transport to another. As all commuters will notbe living within walking distance of the proposed network, properplanning for feeder services will be necessary based on analysis ofpassenger demand on the system.For catchment area of about 0.5-1 km from the proposed network,commuter can easily access it by walk. People residing in the next1 km can reach the station by cycles, scooters, auto-rickshaws andmini-buses. Areasbeyondthe2-kmcatchment areawill requireregular feeder bus services to important terminals/stations. Feederservices can also be provided by para transit modes.297Traffic Integration Trafficintegrationfacilitieswouldbeprovidedatthemetrostationstoenablecommuterstocomeanddepartfromthestations with ease. Linkages with public , private transport as well as walk linkswill need to be established with all existing rail services androad based systems .Parking facilities at stations The DetailedProject Report preparedby DMRChas givendetails of facilities needed at each station for peak-hour stationload at each of the 30 stations till 2041. The number of baysforbuses, cars, twowheelers, autorickhawsandcycleshavebeen increased. Provision of a large number of cycle bays hasbeen made at every station, much more than those for cars,signaling therefore that cycle is tobe introduced as one of the On the East West Corridor the highest peak hour traffic isexpected at the Railways Station - 6,570 passengers. At thisstation, seven bus bays, 526 car bays, 1752 two wheelers,15 autos and 1,314 cycles have been proposed which wouldrequire 14,235 sq m of area. Similarly for the other metro stations the details of provisionshave been provided which would require 3801 sqmatSarangpur, 1765sqmatKhuddaLahora, 5715sqmatPGI,8354sqmat General Hospital, 6297sqmat 9/17station,8892 sqm at Sector 7 and 13130 sqm at Sector 26, 8931sqm.At theTimberMarket and 9880sqmat HousingBoardChowk (Refer Table 7). Pedestrian access to the stations to be planned.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftsignaling therefore that cycle is tobe introduced as one of themajor mode of transport. Within Chandigarh along the North South Corridor the highestpeak hour traffic of 6283passengers is expected at AromaChowkandprovisionof 6busbays, 503carbays, 941twowheelers, 8autorickshaws, 706cycles has beenprojectedwhich would require 13,614 sq m. The facilities requiredat theother stationshave also been projected. A requirement of 11960 sqmat the metro station 9/17,12089 sq m at ISBT Sector 17, 7644sqm at Sector 34, 6006 sqmat43BusStand, 4173, sqmatSector52,5304sqmattheCapitol Complex has been projected. The areas to bedesignated for parking need to be identified. Theother integrationfacilitiesareapproachroadstothestations, circulation areas for various modes including feederbus or mini bus. Parking for private vehicles has however notbeen proposed.298 Amajorswitchovertopublictransportation, adoptionofcycle as a mode of transport and improved pedestrianinfrastructureis tobeensuredwhileontheother handdependence on private vehicles has to be discouraged.TRANSPORT INTEGRATION AND ENSURING LAST MILE CONNECTIVITYPUBLIC SHARING BICYCLE SYSTEM PARK AND RIDE CONCEPTS ATBUS QUEUE SHELTER WITH GISChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftPUBLIC SHARING BICYCLE SYSTEM PARK AND RIDE CONCEPTS AT ALL TRANSPORT NODES, BUS QUEUE SHELTERS BUS QUEUE SHELTER WITH GISMAKING ADEQUATE PROVISION FOR PARK AND RIDE CONCEPT AT THE METRO/BRTS STATIONSTO FACILITATEINTEGRATION OF BICYCLES WITH THE MASS TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND PROVIDINGLAST MILE CONNECTIVITY TO THE COMMUTERS.299No.Name of the stationPeak Hour station LoadNumber of Bays Area Required (sq.m)BusCarTwo WheelerAuto Cycle CarTwo wheelerCycle TotalCapitol Complex GurudwaraSingh Shaheeda1 Capitol Complex2448 3 196 653 6 490 2938 1632 734 53042 Sector 9/17 ISBT5520 6 442 1472 13 1104 6624 3680 1656 119603 Sector 17 TSBT5579 6 446 1488 13 1116 6695 3720 1674 120894 Aroma Chowk 6283 6 503 1676 14 1257 7540 4189 1885 13614TABLE T7 : FEEDER FACILITIES TO BE PROVIDED AT METRO NODES AS PER DMRC REPORT Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft5 Sector 34 3528 4 282 941 8 706 4234 2352 1058 76446. Sec.43 Bus Terminus2772 3 222 739 7 554 3326 1848 832 60067. Sector 52 1926 2 154 514 5 385 2311 1284 578 41738. Sec.62 City Centre4022 4 322 1073 9 804 4826 2681 1207 87149. Sector 70 7646 8 612 2039 17 1529 9175 5097 2294 1656610 Gurudwara Singh Shaheeda6252 6 500 1667 14 1250 7502 4168 1876 13546Traffic Integration requirement for Stations (Projections for Year 2041)300Transport Terminal Grain Market1. Transport Terminal1500 2 120 400 4 300 1800 1000 450 32502 Air force Station720 1 58 192 2 144 864 480 212 15603.Mullanpur 1673 2 134 446 4 335 2007 1115 502 36244.Sarangpur 1754 2 140 468 4 351 2105 1170 526 38015. Khuda Lahora 815 1 65 217 2 163 978 543 244 17656. PGI 2638 3 211 703 6 528 3165 1758 791 57157.General Hospital3856 4 308 1028 9 771 4627 2570 1157 83548. Sec.9/17 ISBT 2906 3 233 775 7 581 3488 1938 872 62979.Sector 7 4104 4 328 1094 10 821 4925 2736 1231 889210. Sector 26 6060 6 485 1616 14 1212 7272 4040 1818 1313011. Timber4122 4 330 1099 10 824 4946 2748 1237 8931Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftMarket12.Chd. Railway Station6570 7 526 1752 15 1314 7884 4380 1971 1423513.Housing Board Chowk3960 5 365 1216 11 912 5472 3040 1368 988014. MDC Panchkula2010 2 161 536 5 402 2412 1340 603 435515. HUDAOffice Complex1685 2 135 449 4 337 2022 1123 506 365116. City Centre 1930 2 154 515 5 386 2316 1287 579 418217.Bus Stand Panchkula2304 3 184 614 6 461 2765 1536 691 499218. Sector 14 Distt. Centre1594 2 128 425 4 319 1913 1063 478 345419. Raili Village 2148 2 172 573 5 430 2578 1432 644 465420. Grain Market 2256 3 180 602 6 451 2707 1504 677 4888301STRENGTHENINGOF ROAD NETWORKPGI to Punjab/UT BoundaryPresent Status: Roadbetween KhudaLahora/KhudaJassuis narrowwithconstruction abutting main road.Proposal A60.96m. wideroadwith10.5mwidefast carriageway,2.44 cycle track, 4.87 m wide slow carriageway and provisionof pedestrian path fromPGI to Punjab/UT Boundary viaKhuda Jassu/Khuda Lahora/Botanical Garden/Sarangpur. An elevated Metro will also run on this stretch. A pedestrian underpass across the road toconnect KhudaLahoraandKhudaJassulocatedoneithersideofthemainroadwhichhavestronginteractionandsharecommunityfacilities.Junction No.30 to UT/Punjab boundary via Dhanas:Present Status:Railway Light point to Route No.2Present Status: Dual Carriageway on either side has been constructed fromRailway Light Point to Railway Station.Proposal 60.96m. wideroadhas beenproposedbetweenRailwayLightPointtoRouteNo.2asroadleadingtoI.T. ParkandRoute No.2 is 60.96 m.Problems to be resolved Land required for 60.96 m. Matter is to be taken with theRailway Authorities/Forest Department. Proposed alignment passes through the unauthorizedconstruction existing at site. Alignment of road also falls in private lands. Hence, land is tobe acquired for its execution.Road along Patiali-ki-Rao ChoeChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftPresent Status: The width of the road varies due to the area falling betweenboundary wall of existing dumping ground and garbageprocessing plant.Proposal 60.96 m. wide road with 10.5 m. wide fast carriageway alongwith 4.87m wide slow carriageway and provision ofpedestrianpathfromJunctionNo.30toU.T./P.B. Boundaryvia Chandigarh Armed Police Complex (CAP), Dhanas.Railway Light Point to Route No.2Present Status:- The width of the road varies due to site constraints i.e. areabetweenboundary wall of existing Dumping GroundandGarbage Processing Plant.Proposal 60.96 m wide road with 10.5 m wide fast carriageway alongwith 4.87 m wide slow carriageway and provision ofpedestrian path from Junction No.30 to UT/Punjab Boundaryvia CAP Complex/Dhanas.Road along Patiali-ki-Rao ChoeProposal Thewidthof theexistingroadalongPatiali-ki-RaoChoeisbeing proposed to be increased to 30.48 m which will serveas abypass fromPR5toDakshinMargviaRehabilitationColony, Maloya-I/Dadu Majra Colony/Dhanas.Completion of the sectoral grid of Chandigarh The construction of incomplete portion of V3 road betweensectors 51 & 62 to complete the Chandigarh sectoral grid byconstructing high level bridge across N-choe, south of ModelJail, Burail.Improvement of T Junction between Vidya Path and ChandiMarg near Golf Course, Chandigarh:- The geometry of this junction needs improvement to providesafe manoeuvrability of vehicles. The matter should bepursued with Sacred Heart School, Sector-26 or Golf CourseAuthorities for sparing some land.302PLAN P16: PROPOSALS FOR NEW LINKAGES STRENGTHENING OF ROADS/ RUBS /ROBSROB to connect Sector17/18 Panchkula viaIndustrial Area Phase-I,Chandigarh for betterconnectivityRUBonRailwayCrossing(No.126) between St.Kabir school and FunRepublic ,Manimajra road60.96mwideroadfromPGI toPunjabBoundary / Mullanpur via Khuda Jassu /Khuda Lahora / Botanical Garden /Sarangpur60.96 m fastcarriageway fromJn. No. 30 to Punjabboundary/Another connectivity of30.48 mwide road toMDC/Panchkula viaPocket no.8Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftRUBonRailwayCrossing(No.125) from HallomajrachowktoIndustrial AreaPhase III/ Panchkula forsmooth flow of trafficboundary/Mullanpur via CAPComplex/DhanasExisting road along Patiali ki Rao to be widened upto 30.48 mwhichwill serveasabypassfromPR-5toMadhyaMargviaRehabilitation Colony Maloya-1/Dadu Majra Colony/Dhanas303NEW ROAD LINKSExtension of Vikas Marg upto Punjab/U.T. BoundaryProposal30.48 m wide direct access to Punjab via Maloya which will mergeinto PR5 of GMADA Region. The same will ultimately merge withNH-21 at Kharar.Loop between extended Vikas Marg & Shanti Path viaRehabilitationColony, Maloya-IProposal30.48mwideloopof extendedVikas Marg&Shanti PathviaRehabilitation Colony, Maloya-I/Water Works.Link Behind Village, KishangarhProposal30.48mwideroadwith7mwidedual carriageway, 3.3mwidecycle track/slow carriageway and pedestrian path between SukhnaChoe Bridge and I.T. Park/Kishangarh crossing for the smooth flowof traffic.30.48 m wide road along Sector-56(W)Proposal30.48 m. wide road has been proposed along Sector-56(W) whichwill merge in the existing road of Sector-56 near U.T. boundary.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftLink behind RehabilitationColony between Dakshin Marg & V4 ofSector 38 (W)Proposal30.48 mwide additional access has been proposed behindrehabilitation colony which will merge into Dakshin Marg.PoliceStationJunctionofManimajratoroadleadingtoMansaDeviProposal30.48mwide road with 7 m. wide dual carriageway,3.3mwidecycle track/slow carriageway and pedestrian path betweenManimajra Police Station crossing to road leading to Mansa Devi viaPocket 8 Manimajra for direct access to Mansa Devi Complex.304To improve connectivity with trans - Sukhna choe areasTo improve connectivity of Chandigarh with Manimajra, the towns ofPanchkulawhicharelocatedacrosstheSukhnaChoe/Railwayline,grade separation has been proposed as under:Proposed Rail Over Bridge (ROB)RouteNo.1(connect Panchkulaat JunctionbetweenSector 17/18Panchkula via Industrial Area Phase-I/CTU Workshop/existingcremation ground) A flyover has been proposed on the existing Railway track to linkbetween existing roads for the direct access of the vehicles.Proposed Rail Under Bridge (RUBS)LOCATION OF PROPOSED RUBSChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft* Route No.2 (from Hallomajra Chowk to Industrial Area,Panchkula)* Route No.3 ( from St. Kabir crossing to Fun Republic) ROB/RUBat Railwaylevel crossingNo.127acrossChandigarhAmbala Railway line near Raipur Kalan/Baltana. ROB/RUB at railway level crossing No.128 across Kalka-Chandigarh Railway Line near IT Park.The RUBs shall be designed with adequate provisions for thepedestrians and cyclists.It shall beensuredthat theconstructionwill not adverselyimpact the adjoining properties accessibility and whererequired appropriate service roads/approach roads will beprovided. Proper measures for rainwater disposal will be madeto ensure there is no water logging or flooding.Landscaping, lighting, rhythmic shuttering patterns andChandigarh style murals on the retaining walls shall beintegratedintothedesignof theRUBsto maketheoverallambience aesthetically appealing.305RITES has proposed following underpasses across the city in view ofthe large traffic volumes: Along Madhya Marg near PGI Chowk, Press Chowk,intersection of Sarovar Path and Madhya Marg and TransportChowk Chandigarh-Kalka Road at Housing Board Chowk, Manimajra Dakshin Marg on Kissan Bhawan Chowk, Piccadilly Chowk andTribune Chowk Across Dakshin Marg connecting V5 of Sector 22 and 35 Across Himalaya Marg Connecting V4 of Sector 34 & 35 Across Shanti Path connecting V5 of Sector 38 & 40, Sector 33& 45 and Sector 35 & 43.Observationson proposed underpassesRITES recommendations are based onthe projectedtrafficvolumes for 2041 assuming a much higher growth rate ofpopulationthanhasbeenwitnessedintherecent2011census.Sinceconstructionof underpasses is anirreversibleprocess itneeds to be seriously reconsidered .Theprimary focus must remainonretrievingthecity for thepedestrian and cyclists and ensuring that concerns over increasingvehicular traffic and congestion do not end up cutting the city intobits makinglifefar moredifficult for themajorityof citizens.Theotherfactors whichneedtobeaddressed whileplanningunderpasses are : They will require re-routing of existing undergroundservices like sewerage, storm water drains,telecommunications, andOFCcablesrunningeast westandnorthsouthalongthegridloopsaroundtherampUnderpasses proposed by Rites in ChandigarhChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftProposal of underpass at Tribune ChowkProposal of underpass at Press Chowkandnorthsouthalongthegridloopsaroundtheramp.Besides technical implications and cost, digging up largeareas, will cause inconvenience to the public duringimplementation. The pedestrian movement will beadversely affected across the underpasses. The extra lanes required for the underpasses wouldalmost eliminate berms/pedestrian pathways and fullgrown trees. In most cases underpasses have beenproposedat alternate junctions of Madhya Marg andDakshinMargi.e. atadistanceof 1600moutof which400mwouldbeconsumedinthegrades/rampsof theunderpasses leaving 1200mas a straight stretch inbetween some of the underpasses have been proposedevenat consecutivejunctionsi.e. 800m, whichleavesonly 400m as a straight stretch in between . The up anddown roller coastermovement is not desirable.306 Experience across the globe indicates that continuingupgradation of road infrastructure for ever increasing traffictakes place at the cost of other roadusers, negativelyimpacts the quality of the urban environment and isparticularly damaging for the pedestrians and cyclists.The car oriented intervention would disturb the short routesand at grade access for public transport users, walkers andnon motorized traffic users. The worldwide trend is topromote pedestrianfriendlycities basedonnewurbanism, ecocity concepts whereemphasis is on an efficient, green, and reliable publictransportsystemratherthancardominatedcities. Infact,instead of accommodating ever increasing private vehicles,the focus has thus shifted to controlling /discouraging theirgrowth by introducing disincentives suchas congestioncharges, high parking fees and demarcating pedestrian onlyzones . In light of the above, it is strongly recommended thatvehicular underpasses alongthesectoral grids shouldbeChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftvehicular underpasses alongthesectoral grids shouldbeconstructed onlyacross verycritical junctionsaftergivingdueconsideration to the movementofpedestriansandcyclists. Unidirectional underpasses at consecutiveintersectionsshould be avoided.CYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLY CITY307PLAN P17- IMPROVEMENT OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PROPOSED BY M/S RITESUNDERPASS AT MATKA CHOWKUNDERPASS AT AROMA CHOWKUNDERPASS AT TRIBUNE CHOWKONE WAY UNDERPASS AT HOUSING BOARD CHOWKChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftAROMA CHOWKUNDERPASS AT RAILWAY STATION CHOWK308Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftCYCLING SHALL BE PROMOTED IN A BIG WAY THROUGHOUT THE CITY FOR ENJOYMENT AND EXERCISE, AND TRANSPORTATION ALONG PROPOSED GREEN CORRIDORS CONNECTING THE CITYCycle FacilitiesTheir use in Chandigarh is not significant but still this needs to beencouragedonenvironmental considerations. Provisionforsaferand better section of road or cycle track is the best way to keepthem on roads. Therefore, it is proposed to revive V7 and V8 roadsas intended for bicycles. About 60 Km of cycle network has beenidentified with proposed cycle underpasses across V-2 or V-3 roads.In addition the existing cycle tracks along V3 roads will be improvedand provided with proper integration along with the zebra crossingnear intersection.NON- MOTORISED TRANSPORT309Special provisions are being made for pedestrians and cyclists in thecity as per theoriginal planwhereinthe7Vroadnetwork wasdesigned for safe movement of pedestrians and V8s weresubsequently added as cycle tracks along major roads.Thepedestrians andcycles weretomovealongcitygreens andinterconnectedthroughunderpasses across interceptingvehicularroads.Revival of this concept is stronglyrecommendedhowever wouldentail a close look at the existing development wherein the centralgreens have been developed to a large extent as city levelparks/gardens.Visits tositesindicate thatrevival of theconceptispracticallypossible. In thiscontext,11longitudinal greenbelts,asunder, havebeendelineatedwhicharetobedevelopedasgreencorridors both for the pedestrians and cyclists.CHANDIGARH TO BE PROMOTED AS A PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE FRIENDLYCITYChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftGreen Corridor alongPatiali Ki Rao- 1 ExtendingbeyondPatiali Ki RaoForest Area- Dhanas Lake-GreenCorridor 5 Khudda Ali Sher to Sector 53Khudda Ali Sher, green pocket, Rajindra Park Sector 3, WarMemorial andBougainvilleaGarden, Sector 10, LeisureValley,Sector I6, Heritage houses, Rose Garden / Shanti Kunj, Sector 23,BambooGarden, TrafficPark, Bal Bhawan, Sector36FragranceGarden Sector42PalmGarden, BeantSinghMemorial,ChattLake, Sector 53 Garden of Spring.Green Corridor 6 Capitol ComplexSector4Sector9CommemorativeParkSector 17 City Centre Sector 22 Heritage Sector Sector 35 Sector43SubCityCentreSector52Gardenof ConifersSector 61.Green Corridor 7 Kaimbwala Sukhna Forest /Sukhna Lake /Rock Garden, Sector 5Sector8Sector18Sector21ParrotGarden/OldRopar310 ExtendingbeyondPatiali Ki RaoForest Area- Dhanas Lake-Shooting RangeBotanical Garden Milk Colony DhanasGreen Corridor 2 Patiali Ki Rao Forest between Sarangpur Institutional Area andPEC-Sector 56ThePatiali Ki RaoForest-DhanasLake-ShootingRange-Pocket6-Sector 38 West-Sector 39 and Sector 56.Green Corridor 3 Areas connecting between Sector 25 to Sector 55 PanjabUniversity Sector 25-Sector 38-Sector 40-Sector 55-Palora-Old Ropar Road.TheGreenCorridor 3hasbeenshowntobeinitiatedfromSector 25 Panjab University. The same can be extendedtowardsthenorthbytakingupthematterwiththePanjabUniversity, PGI, PEC which are gated communities.Sector8Sector18Sector21ParrotGarden/OldRoparRoad Sector 34, Sub City Centre /Nehru Centre for PerformingArts/State Library Sector 34 Gurudwara Sector 44 - Sector 51Green Corridor 8 Kaimbwala Sukhna Forest /Sukhna Lake /Golf Course /Sector 7 Heritage Sector Sector 19 Sector 20 Sector 33 Sector 45 - Sector 50- Sector 63Green Corridor 9 FromSukhna Lake - Golf Course - Sector 26 Sector 30 Sector 32 Sector 46 Sector 49Green Corridor10 Sector 28-Sector 29-Sector 31-Sector 47-Sector 48 BGreen Corridor Along Sukhna Choe 11 Kaimbwala - Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary Sukhna forest - Lake Regulator End /Golf Range /IT Park /26E/Pocket No 11 and 12 ofManimajrawhich are to be connected with pedestrian bridges.Green Corridor 4* Khudda Ali Sher Rajindra Park Sector 2 Sector II Sector 15 Sector24 Sector 34 Sector 37 Sector 41 Sector 54 Model Village KhuddaAli Sherhillyterrain, greenpocket, RajindraParkHeritagehousesinSector 2 villages Butrela BadheriExperiencehasshown thatgrade separatedpedestrianpathways /underpasses / flyovers are not popular despite being equipped withescalators/ramps.Development plans for eachcorridor shall beworkedout afterdetailed analysis of existing site conditions. Signages, publicamenitiesto be carefully dovetailed into the route.FootoverbridgeexistingatPanchkulaKalkaroadnotpopularTofacilitate the movement of patients and theirattendantsacrossthe Chandigarh-Kalka Road passing adjoining ChandimandirChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftPLAN P18: PLAN SHOWING PROPOSED GREEN CORRIDORPedestrian and cyclist movements is also to be facilitated both withinthe neighbourhoodsector as well as along themaincirculationarteries wherein will ply public transport including metro, BRTS, localbus service. The success of MRTS is directly linked to enabling lastmileconnectivity. Walkingtoaninitial busstop, aninterchangebetween bus and metro, within a metro station and end of the trip isimportant. Whileunderpasses arebeingproposedacross majorvehicular V2, V3 roads along the green corridors to enable constantcontact with nature without having to merge with vehicularmovement for the rest of the pedestrian / cycle movement at grademovement for the pedestrian is being preferred.Foot over bridges existing inMohali Phase III, V & VII arealso not in much usethe Chandigarh-Kalka Road passing adjoining ChandimandirCommand Hospital, a foot over bridge has been constructed with aramp and staircase connecting Sector 6 of Panchkula to theCommand Hospital West Command, which is however not been usedmuch.311Completionofcycletracksandparkandridefacilitiesatmetro/BRTS nodes Forpromotinguseofthebicycleasanenergyconservingandhealthiermodeof transportforshorterdistancesandfor reducing car use in the city. Cycle tracks planned as V8s; should be executed on priority. Use of traffic signals for the existing cycle tracks along withilluminationfor safety. Todeter useof cycletraffic byvehicles, motorists shall be penalized. Pedestrian and cycle tracks shall be provided to connect toMetroStations/BRTSStationstoensurecomfortablelastmile connectivity. Sufficient spacetobeprovidedfor BicycleSharing/Parkand Ride concept at Metro nodes, bus stops.Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftIn most advanced countries, the pedestrian is given due respect ontheroads. ZebracrossingsandATClightsenablepedestrianstomaneuver even heavy traffic roads with ease. Senior citizens,children&wheelchairusersareabletomovearoundsafelyandindependently. The Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 strives tomotivate thecitizensofChandigarhtodevelopsimilarvaluessothat all people can move around the city comfortably and safely.All newroads bridges /RUBs/ROBs shall make provisions fordedicated pedestrian and cycle paths. the existing road networkshall also be suitably rectified to enable the same. This has beenstrongly advocated in the NUTP of the GoI.The zebra crossings combined with ATC lights/pelican lights will beaugmentedonall cityroadsandpreferenceandpriorityshall beaccordedtothepedestriansandcyclistsratherthantovehicles.Thecitywill thusbeapedestrianfriendlycity. Thewalkabilityindex shall thus increase manifold.312index shall thus increase manifold.Cycling shall be a major mode of transport with cyclist feeling safeastheyconnect toworkandshoppingcentresdoingtheir dailychores.IMPROVING WALKABILITY AND CYCLING WITHIN NEIGHBOURHOODThe following principles are recommended for construction of newand improving the existing footpaths: Construction of footpaths recommended along V4s and V-5sforsafetyofpedestrianssubjecttoapproval fromCHCCinidentified heritage areas. Constructionof footpathsnotrecommendedalonginternalV6 roads due to less volume of traffic and to avoid excessivehardsurfaces inthe city tomaintaingreencharacter ofneighbourhoods. Footpaths alongexistingroads shouldbewidened to a minimum width of 2.0 meters as perstandardised specifications. (Refer Figure 26) Continuity of footpaths bottlenecks in the form of electricalboxes and poles /dustbins /signages need to beremoved..This is to be ensured through coordination ofvarious implementation agencies .FIGURE26. TYPICALDETAILOFFOOTPATHSHOWINGGREENEDGEALONGROAD Footpathsaretobelaidatasetbackfromtheroadedgetomaintainthegreenedgealongtheroads. Inthisarea, lowshrubs, greens, lawns, aretobeplanned. Theundergroundservices and street lights shall run along this stretch. Footpathscanbemadetomeander aroundexistingtreestoenablecontinuity inpedestrianmovement andalsoprevent4X4APPROVED QUALITY AND MAKE COBBLE STONE PAVER BLOCKSChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draftvarious implementation agencies . Inadditionit shouldbeensuredthat the covers for theunderground services, if any, located below the footpaths orpedestrian crossings are at the same level as the surface ofthe footpath. Adequaterampfacilitiesforphysicallychallengedpeopleatjunctions and crossovers. Proper merger of footpaths with underpasses/zebra crossingsand junctions be provided with pedestrian priority signalling. Pedestrian / cycle tracks that have been compromised duringprevious road wideningneed to be reintroduced. For cycle tracks, a uniform cast with concrete pavement forunderground ducts / sleeves at regular intervals for crossingof services across the cycle track to be adopted.enablecontinuity inpedestrianmovement andalsopreventendangering trees. Ensuringproper executionandmaintenanceof footpaths. Aminimum of 6-0 wide pedestrian path with precast2-0 x 1-0 precast tile and cobble stone paver block 4x 4 isto be provided to maintain uniformity of design across the city isrecommended. Theprecastconcretetilesaretobelaidoversand bed which can be removed for maintenance ofunderground services if any and put back in place without anybreakage. The tiles will be laid without any cement pointing tofacilitate percolation of rain water. This detail is recommendedfor adoption for all pedestrian paths in the city. Advancecautionarysigns, blinkersforsafetyofpedestriansatZebra Crossings with high volume of pedestrian traffic.. Comprehensive proposals will need to be prepared for thepedestrian movement across the city /at sector level /cluster levelandcampus level examining ground realties.313PLAN P19 PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE CONNECTIVITY ATROAD INTERSECTIONS The proposal is aimed at providing direct connectivitybetween footpaths / cycle tracks around road intersections.The table top is being proposed as a traffic calmingmeasure. Ideallyat gradezebracrossingsupportedwithandATClightsshouldmeettherequirements, howeversinceduerespect and regard for pedestrians is presently notobserved in the city, the calming measures are proposed.PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE CONNECTIVITY ATROADINTERSECTIONSChandigarh Master Plan 2031 Draft314PLANNING FOR EASY FLOW OF CYCLISTS AND PEDESTRIANSChandigarh Master Plan 2031 DraftAT GRADE ZEBRA CROSSINGS FOR PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLISTSTABLETOP CROSSING - TRAFFIC CALMING MEASURECOURTESY: Chandigarh Urban Lab, University Of WashingtonLANE MARKING FOR CYCLISTS315Chandigarh is facing acute parking problems due to the m