Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire South America South America
North & Central America North & Central America
Slide 2
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - In A.D. 1493, Pope
Alexander VI created an invisible line called the Line of
Demarcation, which gave Portugal access to lands East of the line
& Spain to the west
Slide 3
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - In A.D. 1494, both
countries signed the Treaty of Tordesillas, which moved the line
800 miles to the west, giving Portugal access to more lands
Slide 4
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Spain and Portugal Compete
Spain and Portugal Compete - after the Treaty of Tordesillas was
signed, both countries increased their voyages of exploration -
European countries had three goals during their explorations: 1.
spread Christianity beyond Europe 1. spread Christianity beyond
Europe 2. expand the size of their empires 3. become wealthier
countries - Europeans used an economic system called mercantilism
to allow colonies to help their empires become wealthier
Slide 5
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire mercantilism: an economic
system in which nations increase their wealth and power by
obtaining gold and silver, and by establishing a favorable balance
of trade Which nation becomes wealthier from this transaction?
Spain!
Slide 6
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Europeans Explore Foreign
Lands Europeans Explore Foreign Lands - Amerigo Vespucci reached
South America & realized it was not a part of Asia - a German
mapmaker realized the importance of Vespuccis voyages and named the
lands he discovered America - the 1 st explorer to reach the
Pacific Ocean was a Spaniard named Balboa - in A.D. 1519,
Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the 1 st to sail around
the world
Slide 7
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Magellans Route Magellans
Route
Slide 8
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire The Invasion of the Americas
The Invasion of the Americas conquistador: Spanish soldiers
responsible for conquering & claiming American lands for Spain
- in A.D. 1519, Hernando Cortes set his sights on conquering the
Aztec Empire - Aztec ruler Montezuma II welcomed Cortes, but soon
disliked his intentions for working with the Aztec people
Slide 9
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - Montezuma II ruled from
the city of Tenochtitln which was the capital of the Aztec empire -
the Aztec empire was eventually conquered by Cortes in A.D.
1521
Slide 10
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Aztec Capital of Tenochtitln
Aztec Capital of Tenochtitln
Slide 11
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - In A.D. 1531, Francisco
Pizarro marched into Peru and conquered the Incas and their leader,
Atahualpa
Slide 12
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire - the Spanish were able to
defeat the Native Americans because of 3 important factors: 1.
Diseases brought from Europe (smallpox, typhus, cholera, measles)
2. Superior soldiers & weapons (armor, guns) 3. Alliances with
Native Americans who were enemies of the Aztecs & Inca
Slide 13
Ch.2, Sec.1 Spain Claims an Empire Other Spanish Explorers
Other Spanish Explorers - from A.D. 1539 1542, Spain sent three
expeditions into North America looking for cities of gold (El
Dorado, Cibola) - famous explorer, Coronado, traveled through
Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico looking for gold