Ch.18:Renewing the Sectional Struggle

1848-1854

C. Election of 1848

Taylor (W) Van Buren (FS) Cass (Dem.)

Whigs and Democrats don’t ever talk about slavery on the campaign trail!

B. Gold & the ‘49ers!

Gold & the ‘49ers!

1. Life was hard!a. Violentb. discrimination

2. Rarely “struck it rich”

3. Providing for the miners = money maker

4. Big business dominate

Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850 California Statehood Southern “fire-eaters:”

those who threaten secession

Do not want compromise

Underground RR and fugitive slave issues Personal liberty laws –

federal agents not able to use local prisons as a way to hamper enforcement

Slave catchers efforts increase

Harriet Tubman

Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850

1. California free state2. Popular sovereignty for

rest of territories3. Fugitive Slave Laws

strictly enforced – “Bloodhound Bill”

denied jury and testimonial on their own behalf

Northerners had to return runaways; furious

4. Slave trade, not slavery, abolished in D.C.

5. Disputed territory by NM and Tx goes to NM

6. Tx paid $10M

Fugitive Slave Law1. Federal support to

capture escaped slaves = Free AA move to Canada

2. Blacks not allowed to testify on their own behalf in court

3. Gave slave owners more power

4. North’s view: law reinforced that slavery was morally wrong

1852 Presidential Election1852 Presidential Election

√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale

Democrat Whig Free Soil

√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale

Democrat Whig Free Soil

1852Electio

n Results

1852Electio

n Results

Election of 1852

Winfield Scott (Whig)

vs.

Franklin Pierce (Dem)

Northern Dem.Irish and German vote for Pierce via “Boss” Tweed

Manifest Destiny under Pres. Pierce(‘53-’56)

1. Annexation of Cuba a. Ostend Manifesto

Secrete plan to acquire Cuba from Spain since they wouldn’t sell

Never happened due to abolitionist protest

2. Matthew Perry Negotiates trade with Japan

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty 1850

Stipulated that the United States nor the

British will try to position themselves for the purpose of

colonization or canal

The Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854

1. Northern states want the TRR = Need support of Southerners =

2. Allows for popular sovereignty

3. Repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820

4. Leads to “Bleeding Kansas”

“Bleeding Kansas”“Bleeding Kansas”

Border “Ruffians”

(pro-slavery

Missourians)

Border “Ruffians”

(pro-slavery

Missourians)

“Squatters sovereignty”

What happens to the idea of “compromising” after the repeal of the Missouri Compromise of

1820?