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X l nng cao chtlngnh
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Cc kthutx l nhnhm nng cao chtlng
Sdng ton tim
Sdng ton t khng gian
Khi phcnh do nhiu
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L nhng php ton phthucvtrimnh:
Bini kch thc
Nn khng gian nh
Cc php lcvimcch lm cho nhtthn v thun
tin cho vicbininhv sau.
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Khi nimnginnhtcabininhs
dng ton t khng gian l php binicas
di chuyn.
GiI v J l nh sao cho J = T[I]
T[X] l mt php bini sao cho
J(i,j) = T[I](i,j)
= f({I(x,y) | x {i-s,i,i+s}, y {j-d,,j,,j+d}})
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Nugi hnh chnht kch thc 2s+1x2d+1 c
tm l imnh (i,j) l R th
Php bini sao cho imnhcanhbini
J tiv tr (i,j) l hm ca cc im trn nhgc I
trong hnh R.
Nu hnh chnht c kch thcging nhau thphp bininh l mtcas di
chuyn
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Nu php bini T[X] l:
Gi trimnhcanhbini J s l trung
bnh cngca cc imnh ln cn trn nhgc I
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)12)(12(
),(
),(),(
ds
yxI
jiITjiJ
si
six
dj
djy
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Ktquca php bini 9x9 trung bnh cng
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Php nhn chp l php binicas di chuyn
kch c thc (2n+1)x(2m+1) vi cng thcnh sau:
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),(.),(),(),( yxWyjxiIjiITjiJn
nx
m
my
),(.),(),(),(2
0
2
0
yxWyjxiIjiITjiJn
x
m
y
),(.),(),(),(0
2
0
2
yxWyjxiIjiITjiJnx my
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W(-2,-2) W(-2,-1) W(-2,0) W(-2,1) W(-2,2)
W(-1,-2) W(-1,-1) W(-1,0) W(-1,1) W(-1,2)
W(0,-2) W(0,-1) W(0,0) W(0,1) W(0,2)
W(1,-2) W(1,-1) W(1,0) W(1,1) W(1,2)
W(2,-2) W(2,-1) W(2,0) W(2,1) W(2,2)
),(.),(),(),( yxWyjxiIjiITjiJn
nx
m
my
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W(1,1) W(1,0) W(1,-1)
W(0,1) W(0,0) W(0,-1)
W(-1,1) W(-1,0) W(-1,-1)
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W(4,0) W(4,1) W(4,2) W(4,3) W(4,4)
W(3,0) W(3,1) W(3,2) W(3,3) W(3,4)
W(2,0) W(2,1) W(2,2) W(2,3) W(2,4)
W(1,0) W(1,1) W(1,2) W(1,3) W(1,4)
W(0,0) W(0,1) W(0,2) W(0,3) W(0,4)
),(.),(),(),(2
0
2
0
yxWyjxiIjiITjiJn
x
m
y
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W(0,-4) W(0,-3) W(0,-2) W(0,-1) W(0,0)
W(-1,-4) W(-1,-3) W(-1,-2) W(-1,-1) W(-1,0)
W(-2,-4) W(-2,-3) W(-2,-2) W(-2,-1) W(-2,0)
W(-3,-4) W(-3,-3) W(-3,-2) W(-3,-1) W(-3,0)
W(-4,-4) W(-4,-3) W(-4,-2) W(-4,-1) W(-4,0)
),(.),(),(),(0
2
0
2
yxWyjxiIjiITjiJnx my
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nhgc nhchnhsa
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nhgc nhchnhsa
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Ma trn xoay
Ktqucanhn chp
nhgc c1 im
nhbini c mtbn sao ca matrn nhn chpMa trn nhn chp
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Ma trnixng l ma trn khng thay i khiquay 180.
Thng cc ma trn nhn chp l ixng
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nhgc
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111
111
111
9
1
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1
2
1
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121
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010
141
010
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100
020
001
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001
020
100
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101
040
101
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111
181
111
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Vimt dy tngniu x1, x2 xn
Trung v Med({xn}) l
x[n/2+1] nu n l
x[n/2] hoc x[n/2+1] nu n chn
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Php lc trung v l php lccas di chuyn W
vingng sao cho
Nu gi tr | I(i,j) Med(W(i,j)) |
Th j(i,j) = Med(W(i,j))
Vinh I, W kch thc 3x3 v ngng = 3
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1212
1124
12164
2321
I
1212
1124
1224
2321
I
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Php lc trung bnh l php lccas di chuyn
W vingng sao cho
Nu gi tr | I(i,j) Average(W(i,j)) |
Th j(i,j) = Average(W(i,j))
Vinh I, W kch thc 3x3 v ngng = 3
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1212
1124
12164
2321
I
1212
1124
1244
2321
I
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Php lc trung bnh l php lccas di chuyn
W vingng sao cho
Nu gi tr | I(i,j) Average(k gi trgnnht) |
Th j(i,j) = Average(k gi trgnnht)
nh I, W kch thc 3x3 v ngng = 3 v k = 3
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1212
1124
12164
2321
I
1212
1124
1284
2321
I
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Nu k lnhn kch thccacas th l php
lc trung bnh
Nu k=1 th nh khng i
Vy nn chtlngnhphthuc vo kch thc
ca k
