Ch. 6.1: Cell Theory & The MicroscopeCh. 6.1: Cell Theory & The Microscope

Vocab.Vocab.Cell theoryCell theory micrographmicrograph organelleorganelle plasma membraneplasma membraneNucleusNucleus cytoplasmcytoplasm cell wallcell wall eukaryotic celleukaryotic cellProkaryotic cellProkaryotic cell

People: Hooke; LeeuwenhoekPeople: Hooke; Leeuwenhoek

The Discovery of the Cell: Robert Hooke

•In 1665•Observes cork

(plant) under microscope;

– looked like thousands of tiny, empty chambers = “cells”

•We now know cells are the basic units of life.

The Discovery of the Cell:Von Leeuwenhoek• Developed single

microscope with high quality lens, 1700

• observe pond water and other things.

• Cellular/Microbiology is born!

Developing the Cell Theory

•Matthias Schleiden: all plants were made of cells (1838)

•Theodor Schwann: all animals were made of cells (1839).

•Rudolph Virchow: new cells were created only from division of pre-existing cells (1855).

•These discoveries led to the cell theory.

Compound Light Microscope

• Combination of lenses and light used to magnify small objects held on a slide

•Live specimens: YES

•Max magnification = 1000x

Electron Microscopes• Image produced on a computer screen using a

beam of electrons (not light)• More powerful (300,000x or more) than light

microscopes, but specimen cannot be alive– Transmission (T.E.M)

• Study of inner structure of a specimen• Samples are cut into thin slices for viewing• Images are 2-D

– Scanning (S.E.M.)• Allows study of specimen surface• Images are 3-D

Images from Electron Microscopes

The Cell Theory1. All living things are

composed of cells.2. Cells are the basic

units of structure and function in living things.

3. New cells are produced from pre-existing cells.

Two Types of Cells•All cells are surrounded by a barrier called a cell membrane and contain DNA

•Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus & membrane organelles. (plants, animals, fungi & protists.)

•Prokaryotic cells do NOT contain a nucleus (still have DNA) and most organelles (do have ribsomes) and are classified as bacteria.

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic

Cell Parts: OrganellesEach has a specific job/function.You to be able to identify each organelle from a picture and explain the function of

each organelle for your CELL QUIZ.Nucleus Cytoplasm Ribosomes VacoulesNuclear envelope Cell Membrane E.R. (rough & smooth) LysosomesNucleolus Cell Wall Golgi Apparatus Chloroplasts

MitochondriaMicrotules & Microfilaments

Flagella & Cilia

Table of Organelles & Functionhttp://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

http://utahscience.oremjr.alpine.k12.ut.us/sciber00/7th/cells/sciber/orgtable.htm

StudyStack for Organelleshttp://www.studystack.com/flashcard-242367

Eukaryote: Animal Cell

Eukaryote: Plant Cell