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February 09, 2014

Ch. 2 Tools and Measuring Instruments

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February 09, 2014

Shop Tools1.Tools are organized in sizes. To find them easily, they need to stay in that organized order. If you use a tool on the wall, then return it to that exact locaon.

2. If you find tools that are in the wrong locaon, put them where they are supposed to go.

3.If a tool breaks or is unusable, tell your instructor instead of hiding it for him to find later.

4.When using telescoping gauges, dial calipers, and micrometers, do not loosen them to the point where they come apart. Telescoping gauges only need ¼ turn to loosen, any more will cause it fly apart, making it unusable and unfixable.

5. If tools have oil or grease on them, they need to be wiped off before being put back into storage.

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February 09, 2014

Wrenches

Box End

Open­end

Adjustable

Allen

Socket

Torque

Type of wrench used may depend on kind of fastener to be installed or removed

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February 09, 2014

Wrenches

Box­end, open­end, adjustable, and socket wrenches are used on hexagon head bolts and nuts.

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February 09, 2014

Open­End Wrench

only be used when it is not possible to encompass the nut or bolt head with a box­end wrench ro a socket

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February 09, 2014

Box­end wrench

can be used where partial or full­turn clearance is available, less likely to slip around the bolt head corners than open­end or adjustable wrenches

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February 09, 2014

Combination Wrench

has a box­end wrench on one end and an open­end wrench on the other.

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February 09, 2014

Tubing Wrench

used on metal tubing connection fittings. Always pull tool instead of pushing it.

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February 09, 2014

Adjustable Wrench

should only be used as a last resort when other wrenches are not available. Prone to loosening and slipping around corners of bolts and nuts

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February 09, 2014

Socket Sets

For small engine work, sets with standard and deep length sockets, one ratchet wrench, one spark plug socket, and several extensions will meet needs

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February 09, 2014

Sockets

useful when bolts or nuts are recessed in counterbored holes, save time compared to other wrenches

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February 09, 2014

Allen Wrench

Used to remove or install hex socket­head screws, metric sizes and US sizes. Don't interchange.

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February 09, 2014

Torque Wrench

is used to tighten threaded fasteners to a specific torque setting. Torque is the turning force applied to a fastener.

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February 09, 2014

Torque Wrench

When using this wrench, the mechanic pulls the wrench until the pointer reaches the correct reading

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February 09, 2014

Torque Charts

Most small engine torque charts specify both inch­pounds(in­lb) and foot­pounds(ft­lb), clearly marked on scale

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February 09, 2014

Torque Reading

Product of length of wrench handle by the applied force. 1 lb of force through a 1 ft handle would produce 1 ft­lb or 12 inch­lb. To convert ft­lb to inch lb, multiply the ft­lb reading by 12

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February 09, 2014

Pliers

extremely useful for gripping, bending, pullling and in some cases cutting wire. They should not be used to replace wrenches.Damage surfaces when used.

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February 09, 2014

Vise­Grip Pliers

designed for applying great clamping pressure and have large gripping teeth. They use mechanical advantage to increase grip.

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February 09, 2014

Needle­Nose Pliers

very useful for bending small wires and for gripping items that have fallen into small areas

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February 09, 2014

Diagonal Side­cutting Pliers

ideal for cutting various types of electrical wire

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February 09, 2014

Combination Slip­Joint Pliers

general purpose, less expensive used for cutting soft, solid wire. Should not get hot since they will become distorted and lose hardness of their cutting jaws

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February 09, 2014

Retaining Ring Pliers

Inside and outside retaining rings are used to keep a part from moving on a shaft. Retaining rings are made from spring steel and must be installed and removed with retaining ring pliers

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February 09, 2014

Standard Screwdrivers

size of blade should match the length and thickness of screw head slot

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February 09, 2014

Phillips screwdrivers

used for Phillips head screws and bolts, which have cross­shaped recess, match sizes of screws and bolts

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February 09, 2014

Ball Peen Hammers

used for tapping things into place, used with punches and chisels, care must be taken so that parts are not dented or deformed by hammer

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February 09, 2014

Center Punch

used to make depressions in metal surfaces before drilling. The depression helps start the drill

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February 09, 2014

Pin Punch

used for driving straight pins, tapered pins and roll pins in and out of holes

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February 09, 2014

Cold Chisel

a cutting tool that can shear bolts, pins, rivets, sheet metal, rods and other materials

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February 09, 2014

Gear Pullers

used for pulling gears and bearings from shafts, lots of force to remove, can be used to remove flywheels, use bearing splitter to avoid damange to bearings and outer race

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February 09, 2014

Cleaning Tank

used to safely clean small engine parts. A non­toxic non flammable solvent should be used to scrub engine parts after old gaskets

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Measuring Instruments

Dimensions are critical to proper engine operation. Extremely important to be able to measure engine parts and clearances accurately. Determine if parts are within specified limits or need to be replaced. Keep instruments clean and in proper working condition.

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February 09, 2014

Shop Tools1.Tools are organized in sizes. To find them easily, they need to stay in that organized order. If you use a tool on the wall, then return it to that exact locaon.

2. If you find tools that are in the wrong locaon, put them where they are supposed to go.

3.If a tool breaks or is unusable, tell your instructor instead of hiding it for him to find later.

4.When using telescoping gauges, dial calipers, and micrometers, do not loosen them to the point where they come apart. Telescoping gauges only need ¼ turn to loosen, any more will cause it fly apart, making it unusable and unfixable.

5. If tools have oil or grease on them, they need to be wiped off before being put back into storage.

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February 09, 2014

Micrometer

Precision instrument designed to accurately measure pistons, crankshafts, valve stems, and other small engine components. Outside micrometer measure thicknesses and outside diameters. Inside for internal measurements.

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February 09, 2014

Using A Micrometer

Turn the thimble until the spindle touches the object. Overtightening can permantely damage the micrometer. Use lock nut to secure the spindle so that it does not turn during removal

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Google:

Wisc­online micrometer

http://www.wisc­online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=MTL1902

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February 09, 2014

Micrometer Activity and LabMeasure Crankshaft

1. Connecting Rod

2. Flywheel

3. ?

WS Exercises

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February 09, 2014

Vernier Caliper

used to measure both external and internal measurements

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February 09, 2014

Telescoping Gauges

transfer type measuring instruments, do not provide direct measurement

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Telescoping Gaugesused to measure inside diameter of cylinder

1. Depress the spindle

2. Place gauge in cylinder and release lock screw. Spindle will spring out to touch walls of cylinder.

3. Tighten lock screw.

4. Tilt gauge handle and remove the gauge.

5. Measure across spindle faces with outside micrometer

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February 09, 2014

Thickness Gauges(Feeler Gauges)

rely on user's sense of feel for accuracy, used to measure small gaps and spaces between surfaces, measure; end play, spark plug gap, breaker point gap, and piston ring gap

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February 09, 2014

Combination Square

used to measure the length of valve springs and cehck them for straightness

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February 09, 2014

Dial Indicator

Used to measure crankshaft end­play