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Ch. 17The Renaissance and Reformation
Renaissance
The European revival of art and learning that introduced new ideas
and values.
Jesuits
The Catholic religious order created in 1540; it founded
schools and sent out teachers and missionaries.
Utopia
• An ideal place; it is depicted in Thomas More’s book of the same name.
Reformation
• A religious reform movement begun by
Martin Luther when he wrote the 95 Theses
against selling pardons.
Protestant
A member of a non-Catholic Christian church; a German
prince who sided with Martin Luther against the
pope.
Peace of Augsburg
• The Religious treaty in which German princes agreed that each ruler
would decide his state’s religion.
Catholic Reformation
• A movement to reform the Catholic Church from
within.
Council of Trent
• A meeting of Catholic leaders that banned the
selling of indulgences and helped unify the Church.
Humanism
• An intellectual movement in which people studied
classical texts and focused on human achievement.
Secular
• The concern with worldly, rather than spiritual, matters; it became the tone of Renaissance society.
Patron
• A church leader; merchant, or wealthy family that
provided financial support to artists.
Perspective
A painting technique used by Renaissance painters
that shows three dimensions on a flat
surface.
Shakespeare
• The most famous playwright and poet of the Elizabethan Age; he wrote tragedies and comedies in
English.
Gutenberg
• He developed a printing press around 1440; the Bible was the first full-
sized book he printed on it.
Indulgence
A church pardon that released a sinner from performing the penalty
imposed for sins.
Lutheran
A member of the religious group that grew from Martin Luther’s attempts to reform
the Catholic Church.
Annul
To set aside, or void, a marriage; in the Catholic Church, the pope could
take such action.
Anglican
The Church of England set up by Parliament as England’s
only legal church, at the wish of Elizabeth I.
Predestination
The Calvinist doctrine that God has known since the beginning
of time who will receive salvation.
Anabaptists
A religious group that baptized only those old enough to decide to be
Christians