Ch. 14-2: Dimensions of the War

•Arsenal of Democracy- U.S. was to be the chief supplier of war goods for the Allies

•Women replaced men in the factories (Rosie the Riveter)

Rosie the Riveter

Mobilization

•Selective Service Law- U.S. men were drafted into the military

•12.5 million men were drafted

•Many volunteered for service

• Liberty Bonds- U.S. govt. sold war bonds to raise money

•Singers and actors helped to sell the bonds

Rationing

•Many goods were in a short supply

•People were given ration books similar to food stamps

•Limited the amount of goods you could buy such as gas, rubber and meat

WWII•U.S. helped turn the tide of the war

•D-Day, El Alamein, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Battle of the Bugle, Sicily and Okinawa were all major battles of the war

•In the Pacific the U.S. used the Island Hopping policy

European Theater

Pacific Theater

Atomic Bomb

•Manhattan Project- developed the atomic bomb

•Decision to use the bomb Decision to use the bomb was very controversialwas very controversial

•U.S. invasion of Japan would have cost over a million lives

•Hiroshima- Aug. 6th 1945

•Nagasaki- Aug. 9th 1945

•More than 100,000 killed instantly many more died afterward

•Cities were turned to rubble

•Japan surrendered on Sept.2nd

Super Fortress

The Decision•Truman is still criticized for dropping the atomic bomb

•U.S. is now a superpower

•U.S. was the least impacted by the WWII and is the world leader for democracy

Post War•War Crimes- crimes against humanity such as the Holocaust

•Genocide- the extermination of a specific ethnic group or race

•Holocaust- mass extermination of the Jews by the Nazis

•Nuremberg Trials- the allies established a court system to put the Germans on trial for war crimes

•Nuremberg Trials established that Nuremberg Trials established that national leaders could be held national leaders could be held responsible for crimes against responsible for crimes against humanityhumanity

• Japanese war criminals were also put on trial

Post War America• Japanese Americans were forced into internment camps (relocation) during the war b/c they were seen as a security risk

•Korematsu v. US- case upheld the relocation as a military necessity

•Demobilization- US economy began to shift from war goods to consumer goods

•US economy struggled to adjust to the post war demands for consumer goods

•High rates of inflation b/c of the high demand for goods

•GI Bill of Rights- gave money to veterans for loans, education and medical care

•Truman battles with Congress but does create many new laws

•Taft-Hartley Act- weakens the power of labor unions

•Truman was not a well liked president by Congress and they often battled each other

•Congress rejected many of Truman’s policies