CFD Presentation 1 Monday 05-02-12 - Main

8/3/2019 CFD Presentation 1 Monday 05-02-12 - Main

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Computational Fluid Dynamics

Applications

Rack Cooling Systems

(DATA CENTERS)Presented by

CAMDA Group : 4

Suhas H, Srivathsa, Anish , Gourav,

Nandan , Avinash, Swasthik, Praveen Kumar



Contents :



Fluid Mechanics

Mathematics

Numerical methods

Geometry

Programming

Language

Computer

Comparison & Analysis

What is CFD ?



Where are we using CFD?

Chemical

Processing

HVAC

Hydraulics

Aerospace

Automotive

Biomedical

Power Generation

Sports

Marine



Where are weusing CFD?



CFD???!

CFD being a versatile and complex tool can help inmany different ways to building designers

Internal and External Air flow Analysis of Buildings

Thermal Analysis for Buildings

Indoor Air Quality Assessment

Fire, Smoke Movement or Explosion Analysis



Why a CFD Design ?



WHAT is a Data Center?



E nvironmental Control :

The physical environment of a data center is rigorously controlled.

Air conditioning is used to control the temperature and humidity in the data center.

ASHRAE's"Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments

recommends atemperature range of 1624 °C (6175 °F) and humidity range of 4055% with a

maximum dew point of 15 °C as optimal for data center conditions.[

The temperature in a data center will naturally rise because the electrical power used

heats the air.

Too much humidity, and water may begin to condense on internal components.

Modern data centers try to use economizer cooling, where they use outside air to keep

the data center cool.





Necessary information to optimize the data center cooling

performance :

Below are key components of this CFD Cooling Assessment:

Perform baseline CFD Model on the airflow of the Data Center; includes subfloor,above floor and ceiling plenum and mapping air flow obstructions.

Analyse CFD model and propose design options within the CFD model displayingefficiency gains.

Compare present A/C loads to A/C equipments load potential.

Provide recommendations for improvement to increase the efficiency of the cooling

system. Provide associated cost with each recommendation.

Perform bypass air analysis.

Identify hot spots and associated risks and Identify areas of potential airflow failure.



Overview of Design

3 Air plenums

Supply plenum

Main data center space

Return plenum

5 Air Handling Units with 1 supply end and 2 exhaust ends

Racks

4 rows of average racks with 10 racks each row

2 rows of average racks with 15 racks each row, called a

large rack row

2 rows of high density racks with 2 racks each row



Overview of Design Contd

22 return grilles with 75 % open area

4 columns which are acting as flow obstructers

46 flow resistance tiles on the raised floor

Electric ceiling lights have not been modelled



Input Conditions

Air Handling Unit (AHU)

Supply volume flow rate per AHU = 192 m3/sec (406829 CFM)

Total supply volume flow rate = 960 m3/sec (2034145 CFM)

Supply Temperature = 22.22°C (72°F)

Racks

Average rack load = 11.25 kW

Large rack row load = 26.6 kW

High density rack load = 50 kW

Perforated Floor Tiles

50 % open area



Isometric View

Return plenum

Return Grilles

AHU

Data-Center Main Space

Supply Plenum



Elevation View Raised

Return grill Level Supply plenum Raised Floor



Plan ViewHigh Density Racks

Columns Average Racks

Tiles

Large Row of Racks



Results



Temperature Contours on Racks

Rack Temperature View



Rack Temperature View-2



Rack Temperature View-3



Température Contours on Section

Planes



Temperature Contour in Return

Plenum



Velocity Contour in Supply Plenum



Flow Path in Supply Plenum



Discussion of Results Contd«

Overall right side (in plan view) of datacenter space is warmer

then the other side

AHU is supplying proper air quantity for most of the datacenterspace

Last row of racks on right hand side (in plan view) are starving

for air flow

High density racks are getting appropriate air flow



Conclusions

Overall data center space is working well thermally

High density racks are getting more supply air then required

Large row of racks is getting heated significantly and need more

air supply

Layout of this large row can be rearranged to address the

heating issue







Description IBM Portable Modular Data Center.



Description English: AST Modular's Containerized Datacenter plus Natural Free Cooling unit deployed at

Thor Datacenter in Iceland.





Comfort Condition Improvement in a non AC public transport Bus



Optimisation of geometrical parameters of Ceiling Fan



CFD Advantage

Get the Design Right at the first time before the inevitable problemsoccur

See the future! Predict what will happen in the case of somechanges in HVAC system layout or cooling parameters

Optimize cooling efficiency to save operating cooling cost

CFD analysis eliminates need for Techniques which are expensive

and historic in nature such as temperature measurements

Use the power of what if analysis and optimization?



References :

Rack Cooling Effectiveness in Data Centers and Telecom Central Offices,

Magnus K. Herrlin, Ph.D. Member ASHRAE

APPLICATION NOTE #92 , est Practices for Designing Data Centers with

th

eInfraStruXure InRow RC.. By John Niemann , American Power Conversion.

Innovative Rack-Level Cooling Solutions, Presented at Huawei Synopsium , Arun

P. Raghupathy and William Maltz.

Bloom Energy, California, United States.

http://www.subzeroeng.com/green-initiative/about-our-green-initiative

http://www.conteg.com/datacenter-cfd-modeling/

http://www.deinsol.com/caseStudy.htm



Thank You

Documents

CFD Presentation 1 Monday 05-02-12 - Main