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Consultant Team:
CENTRAL SQUARE, CARDIFF
ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
VOLUME 1 - NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY
Rightacres Limited
October 2014
Central Square, Cardiff: Non Technical Statement (October 2014)
7570013v2 P1
1.0 Introduction & Methodology
Purpose of Document
1.1 This document is a summary in non-technical language of an Environmental
Statement (‘ES’) that has been prepared on behalf of Rightacres Limited (the
‘applicant’). It accompanies a planning application for the development of a
mixed use development on land to the north of Cardiff Central Station, to be
known as ‘Central Square’.
1.2 An Environmental Impact Assessment (‘EIA’) has been undertaken because
the proposed development falls within part 10(b) (Infrastructure Projects) of
Schedule 2 of the Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact
Assessment) Regulations 1999 (as amended) (the ‘1999 Regulations’). Part
10(b) relates to “urban development projects” where sites are over 0.5
hectares. For development proposals that meet this size, EIA is required
where there is a possibility that the development could have significant effects
on the environment.
1.3 This Non-Technical Summary (‘NTS’) of the main ES document includes the
following information: -
• Section 1.0 sets out the background to the assessment process and the
scheme;
• Section 2.0 describes the site and its surroundings;
• Section 3.0 describes the development, outlines the construction
methodology and also sets out how the design has evolved;
• Sections 4.0-14.0 provide a topic-by-topic review of the findings of the EIA;
• Section 15.0 reviews whether other impacts may happen when the scheme
is considered with other reasonably foreseeable developments in the area;
• Section 16.0 provides details of the availability of the document; and
• Section 17.0 provides key plans that are of most relevance to the EIA.
The EIA Process
1.4 The ES that has been submitted with the planning application sets out the
findings of an EIA of the proposed development at Central Square.
1.5 The EIA process aims to make sure that any significant effects arising from a
development are systematically identified, assessed and presented to help the
relevant local planning authority, statutory consultees and other key
stakeholders understand the impacts arising from development. If measures
are required to minimise or reduce effects then these are clearly identified.
Central Square, Cardiff: Non Technical Statement (October 2014)
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1.6 For the development scheme at Central Square, EIA has been carried out to
consider the likely significant effects that may occur during the construction
and operation of the development and due to its potential relationship to future
developments in the area. It has been completed having taken into account
best practice and relevant legislation and has addressed the following topics
that were agreed with Cardiff Council:-
1 Transportation
2 Socio-Economic
3 Townscape & Visual
4 Cultural Heritage
5 Air Quality
6 Daylight & Sunlight
7 Wind Micro Climate
8 Ground Conditions
9 Noise & Vibration
10 Water Resources
11 Waste
1.7 Likely effects are identified based on knowledge of the site and surroundings,
desk top assessment, survey and fieldwork and information available to the
EIA team. All those matters that could be reasonably required to assess the
effects of the proposals are set out in the ES; this includes effects arising from
the scheme itself as well as temporary effects arising during the construction of
the proposed residential development.
1.8 The EIA team has worked closely with the design team to ensure that the
scheme for which planning permission is sought incorporates any revisions or
modifications that are thought necessary or appropriate to avoid or reduce
significant adverse effects on the environment.
1.9 Consultation has also informed the EIA process in relation to the EIA
methodology, as a means to gather environmental data, to review the
effectiveness of any identified mitigation measures and as a way of keeping
interested bodies informed on the process of EIA undertaken.
Background to the Scheme
1.10 The development proposals have been developed in a cohesive and
collaborative way. The project team has worked closely with the Council in
agreeing basic principles and in ensuring that the development is properly
integrated into the existing fabric of the city.
Central Square, Cardiff: Non Technical Statement (October 2014)
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2.0 Site & Surroundings
2.1 The site under consideration extends to approximately 2.47 hectares and
includes Cardiff Bus Station, Marland House and existing public realm to the
north of Cardiff Central Station including Wood Street.
Figure 2.1 Aerial Image showing the extent of the Development Site
2.2 Until the 1930s, and prior to its use as a bus station, the site lay within the
residential area of ‘Temperance Town’.
2.3 The bus station opened in 1954 and is currently the main bus terminus within
the City Centre with most bus services using the station. Five rows of bus
shelters currently serve 21 bus stands on the site. Fixed barriers separate the
public open space in front of the Central Station from the bus station, and
pedestrian access to the bus station is through 5 gateways located alongside
Marland House.
2.4 In 2008 a 3-storey office building, known as Terminus House, was demolished
to the north of the bus station and south of Wood Street. This area has since
been pedestrianised with 4 tree planters and advertising stands introduced.
2.5 Marland House is a 1950s office block that ranges in height between 3 – 5
storeys with ground floor retail uses.
2.6 There is an existing public highway, known as Station Approach, which
currently serves as a pick up and drop off point for the railway station to the
west. There are also 25 taxi bays along the highway that are accessed from
Wood Street.
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2.7 Whilst the site and some of its surroundings are of low quality, there are a
number of listed buildings adjacent and close to the site such as Central
Station, as well as the St Mary’s Conservation Area.
2.8 The site lies within Cardiff City Centre, to the immediate north of Cardiff Central
Station and just to the west of the main shopping area. It is also located within
the Central Cardiff Enterprise Zone, which is an initiative to promote inward
investment and economic development.
2.9 Other key attractions within the surrounding area include the Millennium
Stadium and Millennium Plaza leisure development to the north west, the 13
storey Southgate House to the north, and 17 storey BT Stadium House.
3.0 Description of Development
3.1 The description of the proposed development is as follows:-
“Demolition of Marland House.
Full planning application for a Media Centre, ground floor retail and café units
(Use Class A1/A2/A3), roof-top plant, satellite dishes and photo voltaic panels
(Plot 3), basement car parking to Plots 2 and 3, public realm and landscaping,
and related infrastructure and engineering works.
Outline application for up to 14,550 sq m gross Class B1(a) office floorspace
(Plot 2), with all matters reserved except access.”
3.2 Detailed plans have been submitted in respect of the Plot 3 building and
basement that extends beneath Plots 2 and 3, as well as for the public realm
works and redesign of Wood Street. As the Plot 2 building from the ground
floor level and above is submitted in outline, a parameter plan has been
submitted that allows the key principles of the development to be agreed and
the detailed design to be applied for at a later date.
3.3 Section 17 of this NTS provides key planning application drawings that were
used to assess the environmental impacts of the proposed development.
Drawing reference A-B3-011-00-04PL Rev 0 ‘Proposed Site Plan’ identifies the
location of Plots 2 and 3 discussed above. Drawing Reference A-B3-020-00-
05PL Rev 0 ‘Plot 2 Parameter Plan’ identifies the parameters for the Plot 2
development.
3.4 The Plot 3 media centre building will be the focal point of the development, set
within new civic spaces and public realm. This is the preferred location for the
relocation of the BBC Wales Broadcasting House at Llandaff.
3.5 Plot 3 will accommodate 25,761 sq m gross floorspace, which will
predominantly be for media purposes. It will also include 862 sq m sq m of
retail floorspace and 168 sq m of café floorspace.
Central Square, Cardiff: Non Technical Statement (October 2014)
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3.6 The footprint of the Plot 3 media centre building will extend to 4,700 sq m. The
building will be 5 storeys (plus a mezzanine garden level) and will rise to a
maximum height of 32.5 metres (plus the rooftop satellite dishes).
3.7 Whilst full details of the Plot 2 building are not known at present, the parameter
plan shows that it will provide up to 14,500 sq m of office floorspace in a
building that is 8 storeys/up to 36 metres high, with a maximum footprint of
2,300 sq m.
3.8 The planning application also includes upgrading the public open space to the
north of Cardiff Central Rail Station and Wood Street. The proposals for Wood
Street involve reducing the width of the carriageway from four lanes to two and
increasing the width of the pavements. Paving within the public realm will
complement the recently completed St Mary Street paving upgrade.
3.9 As part of the proposed development the existing taxi rank pick-up/drop off on
Station Approach will be relocated to the south of Cardiff Central Rail Station
and along Wood Street.
Construction Methodology
3.10 A series of construction assumptions have been set out that form the basis of
the assessment of the potential for significant environmental effects to arise
during the construction phase of the development. It has been assumed for
the purposes of assessment that the construction of the proposed development
will take approximately 3.5 years (from June 2015 to December 2018).
3.11 The construction of the development will take place in a single phase. The
sequence of works will be:
1 Enabling works including setting up site hoardings and removing the bus
station stands, demolition of Marland House;
2 Construction of the sub-structure and basement excavation;
3 Construction of the superstructure (above ground); and
4 Completion of public realm works.
3.12 The contractor will be required to produce and agree a ‘Construction
Environmental Management Plan’ (CEMP) to describe how construction will be
managed to avoid, minimise and mitigate any construction effects on the
environment and existing surrounding communities.
Alternatives Considered
3.13 As part of the EIA, alternative forms of the development have been considered.
This helps in clarifying the main advantages for taking forward the current
scheme, taking account of the environmental effects.
3.14 Consideration of a scenario where the development does not proceed and the
site remains in its current use has been dismissed as it is considered that the
emerging Deposit Draft Local Development Plan (LDP) allocation of the site
Central Square, Cardiff: Non Technical Statement (October 2014)
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within the ‘Cardiff Central Enterprise Zone and Regional Transport Hub’, within
which major employment-led initiatives are proposed, means that it is likely that
a similar form of development would proceed in this location. Whilst the LDP
has not yet been adopted, it is at an advanced stage of preparation and is
therefore a material consideration in the determination of the planning
application. The emerging allocation is also consistent with the current Local
Plan, which allocates the site as part of the City Centre Principal Business
Area.
Consultation and Design Evolution
3.15 The design of the proposed development has gone through a number of
versions as a result of consultation with the likely occupier of the media hub
within Plot 3, as well as consultation with the Council, stakeholders,
landowners in the area and other interest, focus and user groups. The project
has also been reviewed by the Design Commission for Wales. Ways in which
the proposed development has been changed or ‘firmed up’ as a result of the
consultation include:
• The siting of the media hub building within Plot 3 has been moved to
increase the width of Marland Street following pedestrian flow
investigations;
• As a result of Marland Street being widened, Central Street has been made
narrower;
• The proposed materials have been agreed;
• The number of solar panels has been increased;
• The location of the basement access ramp has been moved to avoid
underground service arrangements and nearby development sites;
• Tree planting has been reduced and grouped into selected locations to help
pedestrian flows; and
• The creation of a shared space for cyclists and pedestrians.
4.0 Transportation
4.1 The Transportation technical assessment has been prepared by AECOM. The
scope of the Transportation chapter has been discussed and agreed with
Cardiff Council (CC) and the Welsh Government (WG). Consultation
responses from stakeholders such as Network Rail (NR) have also been
incorporated. The proposed development is in line with local and national
transport and development plan policies.
4.2 The assessment has been undertaken in accordance with Institute of
Environmental Management and Assessment (IEMA) ‘Guidelines for the
Environmental Assessment of Road Traffic’, and considers the traffic impact of
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the proposed development during the construction and operation phases of the
project in the agreed assessment years 2014, 2018 and 2024.
4.3 The IEMA guidelines require the identification and classification of sensitive
receptors, assessment of the magnitude of the effect, and therefore
determination of the significance of the impact. Sensitive receptors are links
which are sensitive to traffic increases which could include, but are not limited
to, those in close proximity to schools, hospitals, places of worship or historical
buildings. Substantial and moderate impacts are considered to be significant in
EIA terms.
4.4 The study area includes 29 highway links, which incorporate the area directly
surrounding the development site and key strategic routes to the wider
network. The links at the extents of the study area lead to regionally significant
routes such as the M4, A470, and the Penarth Distributor Road (PDR)/A4232.
Additionally, a baseline of accessibility by all modes has been established. The
site benefits from high quality pedestrian and cycle infrastructure to
accommodate movement along key desire lines, and a significant level of
facilities and residential catchment within walking distance. The site is highly
accessible by public transport with the adjacent Cardiff Central train station
providing local, regional and national connections. Whilst Cardiff bus station
will be relocated as part of the proposals, the majority of its comprehensive
network of services will remain within walking distance of the proposed
development site.
4.5 2014 traffic survey data, classified by vehicle type, has been obtained from
Cardiff Council and used to establish a baseline of light and heavy vehicle
traffic. Data was collected at 13 junctions within the defined study area
between 24 and 26 June 2014. The Department for Transport TEMPRO
computer programme (database of future planning and land use information)
was used to growth 2014 baseline traffic flows to the opening year of 2018 and
the agreed future assessment year of 2024.
4.6 This ES assesses the impact of the construction and operation phases of the
project. A robust analysis of traffic impact was completed for the peak of the
construction phase by identifying the period in which the most traffic will be
generated. The peak of the construction works was taken to be between June
2015 and December 2015 whilst the excavation of Plots 2 and 3 and the
demolition of Marland House occur concurrently. All construction impacts are
therefore short term and temporary. At the start of the construction phase
Station Approach will be stopped up and the bus station will close – this is
factored into the construction traffic impact assessment.
4.7 Construction work will take place between 08:00 and 20:00 Monday to Friday
and between 08:00 and 18:00 on Saturday and Sunday. This will result in 35
heavy vehicle trips per day, equating to three trips per hour, where each trip
comprises one arrival and one departure. During the construction phase there
will be a peak of 285 staff working on site, with limited parking of 40 spaces.
Therefore in one day there will be a maximum of 40 light vehicle arrivals and
departures, all occurring outside of peak hours. The Construction
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Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) will restrict routes used by
construction vehicles to lessen the environmental impact. For the purpose of
this assessment, the most suitable entry point to the local network has been
assumed to be Herbert Street to the east of Callaghan Square – this route will
minimise the traffic impact both within the study area and between the site and
the strategic road network.
4.8 The stopping up of Station Approach will result in traffic reassignment. In the
assessment, all vehicles accessing the pick up/drop off point were diverted to
the south of the train station off Penarth Road, and taxis were reassigned to
use Saunders Road. This was carried out using surveyed vehicle
classifications and turning movements. It was assumed that buses would
relocate to the potential new bus station on the Marland House site (this
scenario has been given further consideration in the cumulative impact
section). This represents a worst case traffic impact scenario, although a
further four options for the bus station relocation are explored fully in the
Transport Assessment, appended to this ES.
4.9 The assessment shows that only Link 11, Wood Street east of Station
Approach, will experience an effect classified as being of substantial adverse
significance, due to an increase in heavy vehicles. This will be a consequence
of the closure of Station Approach, increasing the number of buses continuing
eastbound on Wood Street. The high percentage impact calculated on this link
is due to the low baseline level and should therefore not require further
mitigation. Furthermore, this impact will be accompanied by a reduction in
westbound bus flow. All other links were classified as experiencing effects of
either minor adverse or negligible significance, and therefore do not warrant
any mitigation strategies.
4.10 The operational phase of the project has been assessed in the 2018 and 2024
future years. This comprises Plots 2 and 3, including the allocation of Plot 3
parking in the NCP car park and operational and servicing traffic. Station
Approach remains stopped up in the operational scenario, resulting in the
relocation of buses, taxis and pick up/drop off traffic.
4.11 Traffic generation for the operational phase has been determined through
analysis of TRICS information (database of trip generation from a range of land
uses), analysis of parking availability, and consideration of the likely
operational requirements of the Plot 3 occupier. Where necessary, robust
assumptions have been made to ensure that a worst-case scenario has been
assessed.
4.12 Traffic has been distributed onto the local road network using the 2011 Census
Journey to Work origin data for the Cardiff 032 Middle Super Output Area
(MSOA), within which the site is located. Consideration of the most likely
routes into the site from each MSOA has been made using reasonable
assumptions on route choice based on local knowledge and experience
validated by publicly available route planning software. This has enabled the
proportion of traffic using each entry point to the local road network to be
established. Calculated adjustments have been made to account for local route
Central Square, Cardiff: Non Technical Statement (October 2014)
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restrictions due to banned turning movements, such as the banned left-turn
movement from Westgate Street onto Wood Street eastbound.
4.13 The Operational Traffic Impact Assessment for 2018 has highlighted the traffic
impact on three links as being of substantial adverse significance. Link 11,
Wood Street east of Station Approach, is classified as having a substantial
increase in heavy vehicle (i.e. bus) traffic flows, resulting in a significance
classification of substantial adverse. However, this increase will only be in the
eastbound direction, equating to 12 heavy vehicles per hour, and is caused
primarily by the relocation of the bus station entry and exit. In the westbound
direction there will be a reduction in heavy vehicle trips of 58 vehicles per hour,
resulting in a net reduction in heavy vehicle traffic on this link. Therefore no
mitigation is proposed due to the net reduction in heavy vehicles on this link.
4.14 Links 18 and 19, Saunders Road and Penarth Road between Saunders Road
and Monument Junction, are classified as experiencing effects of substantial
adverse significance, resulting from substantial increase in total vehicles during
the PM peak period in the westbound direction. The total westbound flow on
these links equates to less than four vehicles per minute. It is reasonable to
conclude that this low level of traffic flow is unlikely to result in a severance
effect or have a significant impact on pedestrian safety considering that
facilities for pedestrian provision are good on these links. Therefore further
mitigation is not considered necessary.
4.15 All other traffic links in the network were classified as experiencing effects of
either minor adverse or negligible significance. In the 2024 scenario, traffic
impact percentages were lower compared to 2018 due to background traffic
growth on the wider network.
4.16 The development will provide improvements to the public realm and
pedestrian/cycle network. This will include; three pedestrian/cycle streets,
crossings on Wood Street, reallocation of road space on Wood Street to
pedestrians and cyclists, a high quality public space, and provision of 40 public
cycle parking spaces. These proposals will result in effects of substantial
beneficial significance for pedestrians and cyclists.
4.17 The removal of the bus station will require the provision of replacement
facilities. Options 1-4 form the likely end solutions for bus provision, although
the temporary arrangements assessed under Option 5 can be accommodated
without significant adverse effects. Utilising an appraisal framework developed
in conjunction with CC, each option is considered to have residual effects of
moderate beneficial significance on public transport users.
4.18 In order to mitigate the effects of increased traffic flows associated with both
the construction and operation of the development, a package of measures will
be implemented. For the construction phase of the project, a CEMP will be
produced with the intention of managing the construction traffic generated by
the development and minimising the effect of this traffic on the local highway
network. This will include a staff Travel Plan, restrictions on working hours and
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prescribed heavy vehicle routes. Suitable arrangements for the transport of
abnormal loads will be made with the relevant police and highways authorities.
4.19 A Detailed Travel Plan for Plot 3 will be implemented for the operational phase
as the likely end user is known. An Outline Travel Plan for Plot 2 will be
implemented as the end user is now yet known. The aim of these documents is
to mitigate the effects of increased traffic flows associated with the operation of
the development by supporting and encouraging staff and visitors to travel
using sustainable modes as an alternative to single occupancy vehicle travel.
4.20 Residual effects have been examined following the implementation of
mitigation measures. During construction, Link 11 was identified as a receptor
that will experience a residual effect classified as substantial adverse after the
application of the CEMP. It was concluded that further mitigation is not required
due to the low absolute increase in eastbound heavy vehicles and the
corresponding reduction in westbound heavy vehicles.
4.21 After completion, three links were identified as having substantial adverse
residual effects. Link 11 was concluded to require no further mitigation due to
the low absolute increase in eastbound heavy vehicles and the corresponding
reduction in westbound heavy vehicles. Links 18 and 19 will experience total
eastbound vehicle flows of four per minute in the PM peak, which is unlikely to
result in a severance effect or have a significant impact on pedestrian safety
considering that facilities for pedestrian provision are good on these links.
Therefore further mitigation is not considered necessary.
4.22 The enhanced public realm provided by the development proposals will result
in a substantial beneficial residual effect on pedestrians and cyclists. The
replacement bus station Options 1-4 will result in a moderate beneficial
residual effect for public transport users.
4.23 Construction and operational transport impacts on Event Management have
been considered in line with the requirements of statutory consultees. Both
construction and operational phases will not introduce vehicle conflict with
pedestrians at event time due to road closures. The ability for Marland Street to
be used for crowd management will be retained in both construction and
operational phases. The improvement in public realm in the operational phase
of the development will provide opportunities to enhance the crowd
management strategy associated with station access on event days.
4.24 In conclusion, both the construction and operational phases of the proposed
development will not have an unacceptable impact on sensitive receptors or
the ability to implement effective Event Management Strategies associated
with the Millennium Stadium. Furthermore, pedestrians, cyclists and public
transport users will experience significant beneficial effects following
completion of development proposals. Mitigation is proposed for the
construction phase in the form of a CEMP, whilst mitigation for the operational
phase will comprise appropriate Travel Plans for both Plots 2 and 3.
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5.0 Socio-Economic
5.1 The proposal will have positive impacts in Cardiff through the creation of new
jobs at the construction stage, along with the provision of operational jobs that
will increase labour supply. It will also have a positive economic impact through
spending by employees.
5.2 The scale of employment growth will not be substantial in the context of Cardiff
and so the net impact of the additional employees arising from the scheme on
health, leisure and recreation provision and community facilities will be
relatively minor. Any negative impacts in respect of these matters will be
mitigated through Section 106 agreements or on-site provision.
5.3 The most significant economic impacts of the proposed development would be:
1 A capital investment of approximately £35 million over a 3 year build
period;
2 Up to 410 person-years of temporary construction work;
3 41 FTE direct construction jobs plus an additional 60 FTE indirect and
induced jobs;
4 The creation of 1,115 net additional jobs (980 net additional FTE jobs)
following completion, contributing an additional £64 million in Gross
Value Added to the Welsh economy; and,
5 An additional £11.6m - £13.1m in taxation revenue.
5.4 The proposed development at Central Square represents a significant new
capital investment in the area, will raise the overall level of economic activity
and expenditure in the area, and will therefore have a beneficial economic
impact.
5.5 Not only would the alternative – do nothing – option prevent these benefits from
coming forward, but it would also result in a reduction in the local workforce as
a result of the ageing population. This would have significant adverse impacts
in social and economic terms.
6.0 Townscape & Visual
6.1 The townscape and visual impact assessment has considered the potential for
significant townscape and visual effects associated with the construction of a
new Media Centre, associated landscaping and public open space, together
with the outline planning application on Plot 2 for an office building.
6.2 A combination of desk study and fieldwork has been used to establish the
baseline conditions. This confirmed that the site is within an area of low
townscape value but that there are sensitive townscape receptors including
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Cardiff’s Central Station and associated Water Tower within the character area
most affected by the proposals. Sensitive townscape receptors within the wider
area include listed buildings adjacent to the site, the St. Mary Street
Conservation Area, River Taff, Millennium Stadium and residential areas to the
west of the river.
6.3 Sensitive receptors to changes in the views include; users of the Taff riverside
path/cycleway (National Cycle Route No. 8), pedestrians and cyclists in Wood
Street, Havelock Street, the junction of St. Mary Street and Wood Street,
residents with views overlooking the site, and users of the bus and rail stations
and adjacent public open space.
6.4 6 viewpoints have been selected and agreed with the local planning authority
to illustrate specific views experienced by different receptors. Accurate visual
representations (AVRs) have been prepared to show the location, extent and
mass of the development from four key locations. A further two assessments
have been made based upon computer generated images (CGIs) prepared for
prepared as part of a masterplanning document for the wider area.
6.5 The assessment has concluded that whilst the development of this site will be
visible from a number of viewpoints the proposals will not give rise to any
adverse townscape or visual effects.
6.6 There would be a substantial beneficial townscape effect deriving from the
development of the former bus station and surrounding public realm. The
setting of Central Railway Station will be enhanced and, by association the
Water Tower will also benefit from the proposals, although to a lesser degree
as One Central Square (an office building currently under construction adjacent
to Central Station) will provide its immediate setting. A minor adverse effect will
result from the loss of the existing street trees, however this will be mitigated
through the introduction of new trees as part of the landscaping strategy being
proposed for the site.
6.7 Within the wider area there would be minor beneficial townscape effects to the
adjacent St. Mary Street Conservation Area and Millennium Stadium Character
Areas. The proposals will enhance the setting of the Conservation Area and
associated listed buildings, within the immediate vicinity of the site, providing
an improved public realm and enhanced linkages from the development site to
the adjacent character areas.
6.8 In the majority of the views assessed the significance of the change to the view
will be moderate to substantial and beneficial in nature. The replacement of an
unattractive bus station to the front of a Grade II listed building will result in the
creation of a new building typology for Central Square. Views will now be
centred on a new landmark building which will provide an attractive foil to the
historic Central Station, and pedestrians guided along linear routes, framed by
buildings leading to/from the City’s new public square.
6.9 The proposals would give rise to neutral visual effects of negligible significance
from locations along the riverside path/cycleway and the majority of residential
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7570013v2 P13
development overlooking the Taff - a result of both distance, and current
visibility already being limited by substantial existing and consented
development.
6.10 It is not considered that the proposed development would give rise to any
significant adverse environmental effects. The assessment concludes that the
proposals will be beneficial both visually and in terms of townscape,
encouraging activity and vitality at a key gateway to the City, enhancing the
setting of an important heritage asset and introducing development of a
significant scale that will provide new landmarks and enhance legibility within
the City Centre.
7.0 Cultural Heritage
Below Ground Heritage
7.1 The Glamorgan-Gwent Archaeological Trust’s Projects Department (GGAT
Projects) has prepared the Cultural Heritage chapter of the Environmental
Statement for the Central Square, Cardiff development. The report primarily
focusses on the development’s impact on the below ground archaeological
resource. Nathaniel Litchfield and Partners have produced a Townscape and
Visual Assessment and above ground heritage assessment in order to assess
the developments effect on the up-standing archaeological resource (see ES
Chapter E).
7.2 During the course of GGAT Project’s assessment the archaeological and
historical records contained within the regional Historic Environment Record
(curated by GGAT Curatorial), the National Monuments Record (curated by the
RCAHMW), Cadw, the Central Air Registry for Wales, National Museum Wales
and the Glamorgan Record Office were interrogated. A site visit to the
development area was also undertaken in order to access the current condition
of recorded heritage assets and identify previously unrecorded assets.
7.3 A total of 147 heritage assets where identified in a 250m wide study area
surrounding the current development. A total of three heritage assets have
been identified within the development area: Cardiff Central Bus Station
(407179), Temperance Town (409133) and River Taff relic channel (CSC007).
The full extent or exact location of St Mary’s Church (00117s) and the Medieval
town defence (307774) is not known and they may be affected by the proposed
development. There are no Scheduled Ancient Monuments, Registered
Historic Parks and Gardens or Listed Buildings within the development area.
7.4 It is recommended that the impact of the current development on Temperance
Town (409133) and the River Taff relic channel (CSC007) should be mitigated
by the implementation of a programme of archaeological investigation taking
the form of evaluation trenching and test-pitting. This programme of
archaeological investigation should be conducted prior to the start of
construction works in order to inform on the presence of buried archaeological
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deposits and structures, to clarify the risk to the development and inform on
subsequent archaeological mitigation strategies. These strategies may take
the form of further trenching or open area excavation. The effect and any
requisite mitigation on 407179 (Cardiff Central Bus Station) is assessed in the
built heritage section (Chapter F). It is recommended that the impact of the
current development on St Mary’s Church (00117s), Medieval town defence
(307774) and the River Taff relic channel (CSC007) can be mitigated by an
archaeological watching-brief conducted on all ground disturbance works
during the cause of the developments construction.
7.5 Given the nature of the end use of the development it is consider that there will
be no impact on the below ground archaeological resource during the
operational phase of the development, provided that the above mitigation is
followed.
Above Ground Heritage
7.6 Nathaniel Lichfield & Partners (NLP) has considered the effects of the
proposed development upon above ground heritage assets. “Heritage assets”
is an all-encompassing term for valued components of the physical
environment which reflect the human activities, ideas and attitudes that have
contributed to the character of an area over time. This assessment considers
the effects of the development proposals on surrounding heritage assets that
may be sensitive to change as a result of their proximity to the development
site, historical associations or their role in key views. Such valued elements
can include statutorily listed buildings, conservation areas, unlisted buildings of
interest, parks and gardens of special historic interest, scheduled ancient
monuments and other archaeological deposits.
7.7 There are no above ground heritage assets located within the site boundary
with the exception of a small element of the St Mary Street Conservation Area
which is located to the north-east of the application site. There are a number of
grade II listed buildings and one locally listed building located adjacent to the
site. NLP sought to agree the extent of the listed buildings assessed. No
comments on the assets proposed for assessment has been received from
Cardiff Council.
7.8 A total of 21 above ground heritage assets have been assessed for significant
environmental impact. These assets all have a visual relationship with the site.
7.9 The proposed development would have a substantial beneficial effect upon the
setting of grade II listed Cardiff Central Railway Station. At the present time,
the site is currently characterised by poor quality public realm and poor building
design and quality. The proposed development would result in a significant
positive environmental change to the setting of the Station. The high quality
public realm with soft landscaping, the removal of the taxi rank and bus station
and the introduction of high quality new buildings that provide definition to the
northern side of the square will create a considerable improvement to the
station approach
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7.10 The proposed development would have a moderate beneficial effect upon:
a The former Prince of Wales Theatre (grade II listed)
b 2 Wood Street (grade II listed)
c Royal Hotel (grade II listed)
d The Yard Public House (grade II listed)
e 47 & 48 St Mary Street (grade II listed)
f Water Tower (grade II listed)
7.11 The proposed development would have a limited effect ranging in scale from
negligible to minor beneficial on the following heritage assets:
a St Mary Street Conservation Area
b The Great Western Hotel (grade II listed)
c The Philharmonic Hall (grade II listed)
d Old Head Post Office (grade II listed)
e County Court Offices (grade II listed)
f Former County Club (grade II listed)
g Jackson Hall (grade II listed)
h The Queen’s and Royal Garage (grade II listed)
i The Flyhalf and Firkin (grade II listed)
j 38 & 39 St Mary Street (grade II listed)
k 40 & 41 St Mary Street (grade II listed)
l 49 St Mary Street (grade II listed)
m Jacobs Antiques (grade II listed)
n Custom House (grade II listed)
7.12 There will be no adverse effects upon any of the above ground heritage assets
as a result of the proposed development.
8.0 Air Quality
8.1 A detailed air quality assessment has undertaken by Aecom in order to
determine the potential air quality impacts of the proposed redevelopment of
the land in the Central Square area in Cardiff, currently occupied by the bus
station and Marland House. The assessment has considered the impacts
associated with both the construction and operational phases of the proposed
redevelopment.
8.2 A qualitative assessment of the construction phase activities suggests that the
site presents a medium risk with respect to dust and emissions. Without
mitigation, the construction phase activities have the potential to result in minor
Central Square, Cardiff: Non Technical Statement (October 2014)
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adverse effects on dust-sensitive receptors and human health given the scale
and likely duration of construction. However, with the implementation of
appropriate mitigation measures, construction phase impacts can be
considered to be at most of negligible significance.
8.3 The results of the detailed dispersion modelling indicate that the proposed
development is likely to lead to impacts of Minor Adverse significance with
respect to annual mean Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) concentrations at four existing
receptor locations:
a Receptor 1 (Holiday Inn, Castle Street).
b Receptor 7 (25 Westgate Street).
c Receptor 13 (Commercial premises, Castle Street).
d Receptor 20 (Hotel, Saunders Road).
8.4 At all other receptors negligible impacts are predicted with respect to annual
mean NO2 concentrations.
8.5 With respect to particulate matter (PM10) concentrations, the impact of the
proposed development on annual mean concentrations and exceedences of
the daily PM10 standard are negligible at all modelled receptor locations in all
modelled scenarios.
8.6 A quantitative assessment of the air quality impacts of construction traffic
indicates that vehicle exhaust emissions generated by the additional
construction-related traffic may result in minor adverse impacts at some
receptors with regard to annual mean NO2 concentrations and Negligible
impacts at all receptors with respect to annual mean PM10 concentrations.
9.0 Daylight & Sunlight
9.1 The Daylight and Sunlight ES chapter considers the effects of the Central
Square development in Cardiff in terms of daylight, sunlight and
overshadowing. The assessment has been carried out in accordance with BRE
guidelines relating to the analysis of daylight, sunlight and overshadowing.
9.2 There are no existing residential buildings or open spaces in the immediate
vicinity of the site or the wider masterplan which require assessment under the
BRE guidance in terms of daylight, sunlight or overshadowing. Consequently,
the proposed development will not result in any materially significant
environmental effects in terms of existing receptors.
9.3 The assessment has focussed on the levels of sunlight and shadow that will be
experienced within the proposed new areas of public spaces within the
development and the wider masterplan.
9.4 The results of the assessment for the proposed open space within the
development itself demonstrate that Central Square will receive large areas of
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direct sunlight and will comply fully with the BRE guidance. The creation of this
well-lit public space at the heart of Cardiff City Centre is a substantial beneficial
effect arising from the development.
9.5 It is concluded that the proposed development will not give rise to any
materially unacceptable environmental impacts in terms of daylight, sunlight
and overshadowing in the context of the BRE guidelines and relevant planning
policy.
10.0 Wind Micro Climate
10.1 A qualitative assessment of the wind environment around the proposed
development has been prepared by Arup. The assessment is based on
architectural drawings of the proposed development, evaluation of aerial views
of the site and its surroundings, plans and models of the buildings and Arup’s
previous extensive experience of wind tunnel studies around buildings.
10.2 The criteria used to describe windiness are those of T.V. Lawson of Bristol
University, extracted from “The evaluation of the windiness of a building
complex before construction”, T.V. Lawson, London Docklands Development
Corporation. These criteria are used widely in the UK and around the world.
Even without wind tunnel testing, they are useful to define windiness in terms
of acceptability for particular activities.
10.3 The acceptability of windiness is subjective and depends on a number of
factors, most notably the activities to be performed in the area being assessed.
The Lawson Criteria describe acceptability for particular activities in terms of
'comfort' and 'distress' (or safety).
10.4 The study shows that wind conditions at the existing site are generally
acceptable and will be reduced further on completion of the construction of No
1 Central Square.
10.5 With ‘One Central Square’ constructed, wind conditions around the proposed
Media Centre (Plot 3) are acceptable for the current expected general public
access use in all areas, including entrances.
10.6 Completion of the adjacent Plot 2 will also reduce windiness around Plot 3,
although potential mitigation measures associated with Plot 2 will need to be
assessed during the detailed design stage which is not being considered at
this outline stage.
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11.0 Ground Conditions
11.1 A detailed desk-based assessment has been carried out by Arup to determine
ground conditions, the hydrogeological regime and the potential for
contamination. This is based on:
a Published geological maps and memoirs;
b Existing ground investigation information;
c Current and historical land use information;
d Aerial photography;
e Pollution incidents and landfill records; and
f Consultation with the local authority.
11.2 Supplementary ground investigation is being undertaken to confirm the data
from previous site investigations.
11.3 Historically, the site was reclaimed from the old channel line of the River Taff
and comprises a deep layer of fill overlying estuarine alluvium.
11.4 The site and former river channel have been filled bringing site levels up to
their current elevation. Materials used as backfill are likely to be variable and
may potentially contain contamination. Historical adjacent site uses including a
timber yard and saw mill and the adjacent railway and the use of the site as a
bus station, have the potential to have resulted in contamination of the ground
and groundwater. Foundations and other buried obstruction from previous
buildings on the site have the potential to impact on future development of the
site.
11.5 On the basis of that the proposed development will be for commercial end use,
the study concludes that the majority of soil contamination falls below the
residential screening criteria and it is considered that the risk to site end users
is low.
11.6 The development will involve excavation of made ground materials to form the
basement. This will remove a significant proportion of the potentially
contaminating materials from the site resulting in a moderate beneficial effects.
11.7 By following best-practice construction procedures, pollution-prevention
measures and incorporating the proposed design mitigation measures, the
impact of the residual risk of the proposed development is considered to be
negligible.
12.0 Noise & Vibration
12.1 A Noise Assessment of the Central Square proposals has been prepared by
Arup.
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12.2 The proposed development would be constructed in an area which is currently
relatively noisy due to its urban setting. Sources of noise the in area include
buses, trains approaching and leaving Cardiff Central Station, plant on local
buildings and general activity noise from people.
12.3 The development site could affect noise sensitive receptors in the surrounding
area, during construction and operation.
12.4 The closest noise and vibration sensitive receptors have been identified as
office accommodation on Wood Street and residential properties on the
opposite side of the River Taff on Fitzhamon Embankment and Tudor Street.
12.5 Two baseline noise surveys have been carried out – the first in September
2013, the second in September 2014. Noise measurements were taken during
the daytime, evening and night-time, at a number of locations.
12.6 Before construction can start on the basement areas and the building on Plot
3, Marland House will be demolished. In order to build the basement for Plots 2
and 3, the perimeter of the site needs to be supported, and this will be
achieved by installing significant number of piles. During demolition and
construction, “best practicable means” will be used to keep noise to a
minimum. Good practice will be encouraged by requiring the Contractor to
create, and work within the requirements of, a Construction Environmental
Management Plan.
12.7 Potential noise from the demolition and construction phases has been
predicted, and the results ranked using a method suggested by the relevant
British Standard. The study concludes that the impact of noise and vibration
can be mitigated during construction with careful planning of construction
methods and working hours. No significant noise or vibration effects have been
indentified resulting from construction works.
12.8 When the building on Plot 3 is completed, operational noise effects from office
and retail uses would be associated with building services/plant for the
buildings, and local road traffic noise along routes providing access to the site.
12.9 To ensure that no significant effects are caused by noise from plant associated
with the building on Plot 3, building services/plant will need to be designed so
that it does not exceed a given noise limit at the nearest residential properties.
A target level has been provided in the noise chapter, related to the existing
background noise level. It is therefore concluded that there are no potential
significant effects resulting from the Media Centre building, subject to the
building services/plant being designed to achieve the target noise levels
identified.
12.10 No significant noise or vibration effects have been identified for residential
properties resulting from road traffic generated by the operation of the
proposed development.
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13.0 Water Resources
13.1 An assessment by Arup has been made of the impact of proposals on the
existing sewer network, the adjacent River Taff, the potential for flooding and
the consumption of water.
13.2 A strategy has been developed for draining the site and agreed in principle with
Dwr Cymru Welsh Water (DCWW). This involves provision of a new storm
sewer to accept development storm run-off, which will reduce flows in the
existing combined sewer serving the site.
13.3 Storm drainage will be discharged to the River Taff, with incorporation of
suitable pollution-prevention measures to ensure that the water quality in the
river will not be affected.
13.4 The proposals require diversion of part of the existing combined sewer and this
is being progressed with DCWW.
13.5 The site is categorised as Zone A by the TAN 15 Development Advice Maps,
being an area at little or no risk from fluvial flooding. Appropriate storage will be
provided within the new storm sewer network to ensure capacity during times
of high flood levels within the River Taff.
13.6 The proposed drainage measures will have a beneficial impact on the capacity
of the DCWW network.
13.7 With regard to water consumption, future development will essentially replace
existing or previous development, and with the incorporation of design features
to minimise consumption (the media centre is targeting ‘BREEAM
Outstanding’), it is considered that the impact will be negligible.
14.0 Waste
14.1 Arup has undertaken an assessment of Construction, Demolition & Excavation
Waste (CDEW), together with the amounts of waste generated during the
operational phase during building occupancy.
14.2 A Survey of Construction and Demolition Waste in Wales in 2012 published by
Natural Resources Wales has been used to provide an estimated baseline for
CDEW and management methods. This represents the latest available
comprehensive data set for CDEW waste arisings in South East Wales.
14.3 Similarly, the Survey of Commercial and Industrial Waste in Wales in 2012
published by Natural Resources Wales has been used to provide an estimated
baseline for C&I waste arisings and management methods.
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14.4 Latest available information with respect to the existing waste infrastructure
capacity in South East Wales has been identified, using data published by
Natural Resources Wales.
14.5 Measures to re-use, recycle and manage materials to minimise waste are
identified, together with a need to develop a Site Waste Management Plan
alongside the development of detailed designs and contractor procurement.
14.6 Overall, the impact from CDEW during the construction phase is assessed as
minor adverse. Residual effects, following implementation of mitigation
measures, are also assessed as minor adverse.
14.7 The impact from operational waste arising from occupancy is assessed as
minor adverse. Residual effects, following implementation of mitigation
measures, are assessed as negligible.
15.0 Cumulative Effects & Summary of Findings
15.1 The table overleaf reviews whether the inter-relationship between effects
arising from the development may give rise to additional impacts not previously
identified. It also considers whether effects may arise when the development
is considered alongside other schemes or proposals in the surrounding area,
the likelihood of the other developments proceeding and the ability or necessity
of the applicant to mitigate any such effects for those other sites. The
developments to be assessed were agreed with Cardiff Council and extend to:
• One Central Square – Plot 1 of the Masterplan area which has planning
permission for 16,084 sq m of office space and is under construction; and
• Plots 4-13 of the Central Square Masterplan area, which do not have
planning permission but will be developed in due course as part of the
wider regeneration scheme.
15.2 A plan showing the location of Plots 1-13 within the Masterplan area is
provided at Section 17 (Drawing Reference A-SK-0255 Revision 00).
15.3 A range of mitigation measures have been identified throughout the ES which
are capable of being enforced through planning conditions or a Section 106
Legal Agreement in relation to the development.
15.4 Some negative residual effects remain in relation to specific sensitive receptors
in relation to traffic levels and the setting of heritage assets during construction.
However, these must be balanced against the beneficial environmental effects
on transportation (public transport users, pedestrians and cyclists) and socio
economic receptors in respect of increased employment opportunities.
15.5 With regards to cumulative effects, the analysis of the potential for cumulative
effects indicates that there are no issues that have not already been taken into
account within individual schemes.
7570013v2 P23
Table 15.1 Summary of Effects with Mitigation in Place
Environmental Topic
Effects during Construction
Effects during Operation
Commentary – Residual Impacts Cumulative Effects
Transportation None – substantial adverse
Substantial beneficial- Substantial adverse
During construction out of 29 links the only impact is on Link 11 (Wood Street, between Station Approach and Bus Exit) from increased heavy vehicles. Negligible effects are predicted on public transport users and no effects are predicted on pedestrians or cyclists. Following completion traffic impacts are expected on Links 11 (as above), 18 (Penarth Road, west of junction with St Mary Street/Caroline Street/ Bute Terrace) and Link 19 (Saunders Road) from increased vehicle numbers. Benefits are expected for public transport users, pedestrians and cyclists.
Increased traffic at some links, though further benefits will improve the public transport, pedestrian and cycle environment.
Socio-Economic Moderate positive
Major positive-negligible Additional benefits to local economy from employment during construction and operation.
Additional benefits to local economy and the local labour market from employment during construction and operation. Other uses will create a mixed use development that will also have a beneficial effect on housing affordability, deprivation and expenditure.
Townscape & Visual
Minor-moderate adverse
None During construction adverse visual impact on Cardiff Central Railway Station and St Mary Street Conservation Area. No impacts expected during operation
Beneficial impacts of creating a high quality mixed use development that will enhance the townscape of the immediate and surrounding area.
Cultural Heritage (Below Ground)
None None None anticipated. None anticipated.
Cultural Heritage (Above Ground)
Minor-moderate adverse
None During construction adverse visual impact on Cardiff Central Railway Station and St Mary Street Conservation Area.
Beneficial impacts on the setting of nearby heritage assets. Potential for taller buildings to be visible to Cardiff Castle and Bute Park, though not expected to change the overall effect on the setting of the assets.
7570013v2 P24
Environmental Topic
Effects during Construction
Effects during Operation
Commentary – Residual Impacts Cumulative Effects
Air Quality Negligible-minor adverse
Negligible-minor adverse During construction and operation negligible effects expected from dust soiling and PM10 concentrations. Minor adverse effects from exhaust emissions.
Negligible effects expected on dust sensitive receptors and human health. No additionnal perceptible impacts on local air quality expected.
Daylight & Sunlight
None Substantial beneficial Benefits from improved lighting in public realm once operational.
No unacceptable effects expected in terms of overshadowing.
Wind Micro Climate
Minor adverse Negligible-minor adverse Potential for increased wind in the north west corner of Plot 2 during construction and operation.
Potential for increased wind, though no significant impacts expected.
Ground Conditions
Negligible None None anticipated. Negligible cumulative effects expected, with benefit of removing potentially contaminated material during construction of semi-basement parking.
Noise & Vibration
None None None anticipated. None anticipated.
Water Resources
Moderate beneficial -negligible
Moderate beneficial- negligible
Beneficial effect on existing combined foul sewer in respect of flooding.
Negligible effects expected.
Waste Minor adverse Negligible During construction impact on landfill capacity. Negligible impact during operation.
Minor adverse effect during construction phase from reduced landfill capacity expected. Negligible effects expected during occupation.
Central Square, Cardiff: Non Technical Statement (October 2014)
7570013v3 P25
16.0 Availability of the Environmental Statement
16.1 If you would like to purchase a CD of this Non Technical Summary for £5.00,
please contact:
Nathaniel Lichfield & Partners, Helmont House, Churchill Way, Cardiff, CF10
2HE (Tel: +44 (0)29 2043 5880)
16.2 Alternatively, information on the ES can also be viewed on the Cardiff Council
website at http://planning.cardiff.gov.uk/online-applications/
17.0 Scheme Plans
The following key plans of the proposed development are provided overleaf:
Drawing Title Reference Number
Site Location Plan A-B3-011-00-01PL Rev 0
Hybrid Planning Application Boundary A-B3-020-00-05PL Rev 0
Existing Site Plan A-B3-011-00-02PL Rev 0
Demolition Plan A-B3-011-00-03PL Rev 0
Proposed Site Plan A-B3-011-00-04PL Rev 0
Setting-Out Plan A-B3-020-00-01PL Rev 0
Phasing Plan A-B3-020-00-02PL Rev 0
Full Application – Plot 3 Media Centre
Basement General Arrangement A-B3-031-B1-01PL Rev 0
Ground Floor Plan General Arrangement A-B3-031-00-01PL Rev 0
First Floor Plan General Arrangement A-B3-031-01-01PL Rev 0
Second Floor Plan General Arrangement A-B3-031-02-01PL Rev 0
Third Floor Plan General Arrangement A-B3-031-03-01PL Rev 0
Fourth Floor Plan General Arrangement A-B3-031-04-01PL Rev 0
Fifth Floor Plan General Arrangement A-B3-031-05-01PL Rev 0
Roof Plan Level 06 General Arrangement A-B3-031-R06-01PL Rev 0
Roof Plan General Arrangement A-B3-031-R07-01PL Rev 0
South Elevation A-B3-064-XX-01PL Rev 0
East Elevation – Marland Street A-B3-064-XX-02PL Rev 0
North Elevation – Wood Street A-B3-064-XX-03PL Rev 0
West Elevation A-B3-064-XX-04PL Rev 0
Full Application – Public Realm
Existing Site Survey A-B3-321-XX-01PL Rev 0
Existing Site Sections A-B3-321-XX-02PL Rev 0
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7570013v3 P26
Drawing Title Reference Number
Tree Removal Plan A-B3-321-XX-03PL Rev 0
Public Realm Masterplan A-B3-321-XX-04PL Rev 0
Softworks Plan A-B3-321-XX-05PL Rev 0
Detail Plan – Central Square A-B3-321-XX-10PL Rev 0
Detail Plan – Plot 2 A-B3-321-XX-11PL Rev 0
Detail Plan – Plot 1 & 2 A-B3-321-XX-12PL Rev 0
Typical Street Section – Wood Street A-B3-321-XX-20PL Rev 0
Typical Street Section – Marland Street A-B3-321-XX-21PL Rev 0
Typical Street Section – Central Street A-B3-321-XX-22PL Rev 0
Typical Street Section – Millennium Walkway A-B3-321-XX-23PL Rev 0
Typical Street Section – Central Square A-B3-321-XX-24PL Rev 0
Outline Application – Plot 2
Plot 2 Parameter Plan A-B3-020-00-05PL Rev 0
Cumulative Sites
Central Square Masterplan Plot A-SK-0255 Revision 00