Centering On Points Of Doctrine, History And Prophecy For ...€¦ · Jacob (Israel) • God blessed and worked through a family: Jacob and his 12 sons. • God renamed Jacob as Israel

CENTER POINTS

Centering On Points Of Doctrine,

History And Prophecy

For A Deeper Understanding

Of God's Word

Dr. Chuck Seielstad

“Who Are The Twelve Tribes Of Israel

In The Last Days?”

Part 1

Special Prophecy Lesson

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Center Points – Special Prophecy Lesson

Centering on Points of Doctrine, History and Prophecy

Instructor: Dr. Charles A. Seielstad © 2020 Seielstad Development Training Resources

The Twelve Tribes Of Israel In The Last Days? - 1

Who Are The Twelve Tribes Of Israel In The Last

Days?

The Original Twelve Tribes Of Israel:

Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph

(Manasseh and Ephraim), Benjamin

Who are the 12 Tribes of Israel?

• They were the family groups descended from the biblical patriarch Jacob.

• God worked through the tribes to fulfill his purposes—especially his

purpose of bringing from the tribe of Judah, Jesus the Savior, the Lion of

Judah.

Jacob (Israel)

• God blessed and worked through a family: Jacob and his 12 sons.

• God renamed Jacob as Israel which means “struggles with God” (Genesis

35:10).

The Exodus

• Centuries after Jacob, God brought the descendants of Jacob out of

slavery in Egypt.

• The people were arranged into 12 tribes.

Camp of the Tribes around the Tabernacle

• See Chart

Breastplate of the High Priest

• Moses’ brother Aaron was the first high priest.

• The high priest wore a breastplate (breastpiece) made of linen and gold

with 12 inlaid, precious stones inscribed with the names of the tribes.





Breastplate of the High Priest

• Exodus 28:17–20 lists the stones right to left, as Hebrew is read right to

left.

• The tribal names inscribed on the stones may have

followed the order of how the tribes marched in the

wilderness (Numbers 2–3).

• Instead of Levi and Joseph, the tribes of Joseph’s sons—Manasseh and

Ephraim—were represented on the breastplate.

• The exact identity and color of some of the stones

remain uncertain.

The Promised Land

• After the death of Moses, Joshua led the tribes into the land God had

promised them.

• The tribes were given portions of land.

The Tribes: The Kings

• Under kings like Saul, David, and Solomon, the tribes united to become

the nation of Israel.

• The tabernacle was replaced by the temple Solomon built in Jerusalem.

The Divided Kingdom Of The Tribes

• After the death of King Solomon, the nation split in two (931 BC):

(1 Kings 12)

- Northern Kingdom: Jeroboam son of Nebat

- Southern Kingdom: Rehoboam son of King Solomon

The Northern tribes became the “Kingdom of Israel”

Ten Tribes: Asher, Dan, Ephraim, Gad, Issachar, Manasseh, Naphtali,

Reuben, Simeon, Zebulun

The Southern tribes became the “Kingdom of Judah.”

Two Tribes: Judah & Benjamin





The Exile Of The Tribes

• Eventually both kingdoms were conquered by outside empires and the

people were taken into exile.

• 722 BC Assyria conquers Kingdom of Israel (2 Kings 17).

• 586 BC Babylon conquers Kingdom of Judah, destroys temple,

exiles people to Babylon (2 Kings 25).

- In exile, the people become known as Jews.

• Many secular and Jewish scholars say that in exile (Diaspora), distinctions

between the tribes become less important and all the Hebrew people

become known as Jews. Other scholars disagree.

The 10 Tribes Still In Exile

• The Northern Kingdom of Israel has never returned from their Assyrian

Exile.

• The Ten Lost Tribes: Asher, Dan, Ephraim, Gad, Issachar, Manasseh,

Naphtali, Reuben, Simeon, Zebulun

• Note: Some secular and Jewish scholars say that the Ten Tribes did

return, assimilated with Judah and became the Jews,

• There is not historical or history that proves this theory.

The Return Of Judah From Exile

• 538-516 BC Persia conquers Babylon and allows the Jews (Judah and

Benjamin) to return to the land and rebuild the temple in Jerusalem

(2 Chronicles 36:23).

• The Land was called Judah by the returnees.

Land Of Judah Changed To Judea

• In 63 BC when Rome, under Pompey conquered Judah, he appointed a

governor named Scaurus to administrate over Syria. So the authority over

the Kingdom of Judah was given to him as well. The Jewish kingdom had

ended. A very significant change also took place; the name of the country

of Judah was now changed to Judea.

Judea Changed To Palaestina

• As a consequence of the Bar Kokhba revolt, in 135 AD the region was

renamed and merged with Roman Syria to form Syria Palaestina by the

victorious Roman Emperor Hadrian. At the same time, he changed the

name of the city of Jerusalem to Aelia Capitolina.





Byzantine and Muslim Periods

• During the Byzantine period c. 390 AD, the imperial province of Syria

Palaestina was reorganized into: Palaestina Prima, Palaestina Secunda,

and Palaestina Salutaris.

• Following the Muslim conquest, place names that were in use by the

Byzantine administration generally continued to be used in Arabic.

Name Changed from Palestine to Israel

• The use of the name "Palestine" became common in Early Modern

English, was used in English and Arabic during the Mutasarrifate of

Jerusalem (an Ottoman district with special administrative status).

• The Land was renamed Israel in 1948 when the Jews announced their

independence and the “State of Israel” was reborn.

• The term Judea as a geographical term was revived by the Israeli

government in the 20th century as part of the Israeli administrative district

name Judea and Samaria Area for the territory generally referred to as the

West Bank.

New Testament

• In the time of Jesus, God worked through a different group of twelve:

Jesus’ twelve disciples.

• They spread the good news of salvation.

• “But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you

will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to

the ends of the earth.” —Acts 1:8

The 144,000 – 12,000 from each Tribe

Book of Revelation

• The apostle John recounts his vision of 144,000 people—12,000 from

each of the 12 tribes—sealed with God’s name (Revelation 7; 14:1).

• In his list, John leaves out Dan and Ephraim, but includes Joseph and

Manasseh (Revelation 7:5–8).

Book of Ezekiel

• John’s list is different than any other biblical list of the tribes.

• For instance, the list in Ezekiel’s vision includes all the tribes who were

given portions of land when the Israelites entered the Promised Land

(Ezekiel 47–48).





Comparison Of The Tribes List

• See Chart

Greetings To The Tribes

• John’s unusual listing of tribes leads some Bible scholars to suggest that

the 144,000 represent all believers, instead of a literal number of Jewish

believers.

James 1:1, “James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ,

To the twelve tribes scattered among the nations: Greetings.”

Timeline Of The Tribes

Dates are approximate:

2080 BC

Abraham is called by God to go to Canaan; God makes a covenant with Abraham that

Abraham’s descendants will be “a great nation” (Gen. 12:1–7).

1928-1908 BC

Jacob (Abraham’s grandson) marries Leah and Rachel; they and their handmaidens

bear 12 sons (Gen. 29–30).

1897-1884 BC

Joseph is sold into slavery by his brothers. In Egypt, he rises to prominence (Gen. 37–

41).

1876 BC

Famine prompts Jacob’s family to migrate to Egypt where they are reunited with Joseph

(Gen. 42–46).

1859 BC

Jacob blesses his sons on his deathbed (Gen. 49).

1446 BC

In Egypt: Jacob’s descendants remain there 430 years, part of that time in slavery.

The Exodus: Moses leads the Israelites (Jacob’s descendants) out of Egypt (Ex. 3–14).*

First census of Israelite tribes at Sinai (Num. 1–3).

Wilderness Wanderings: Israelites live in the wilderness for 40 years.





Tabernacle built at Sinai (Ex. 26). Tribes camp around tabernacle under their family

banners (Num. 2).

1406-1405 BC

Second census in Moab (Num. 26). Moses blesses tribes before his death (Deut. 33).

Joshua leads the tribes into Canaan and divides the land among the tribes (Josh. 1).

1350 BC

Era of Judges begins

Some scholars date the exodus at c. 1290. For this “low date,” the dates for wilderness

wanderings and beginning of the era of judges would slide to the right 156 years,

compressing the era of judges.

1051 BC

King Saul unites the tribes into one kingdom (1 Sam. 9–11).

1011 BC

King David conquers Jerusalem (2 Sam. 5).

960 BC

King Solomon builds the temple in Jerusalem (1 Kings 6).

931 BC

Kingdom splits: Southern tribes become Kingdom of Judah; Northern tribes become

Kingdom of Israel (1 Kings 12).

722 BC

Assyria conquers Kingdom of Israel (2 Kings 17).

586 BC

Babylonia conquers Kingdom of Judah, destroys temple, exiles people to Babylon (2

Kings 25). In exile, distinctions between the tribes become less important. The people

become known as Jews.

538-516 BC

Persia conquers Babylonia and allows the Jews to return to the land and rebuild the

temple in Jerusalem (2 Chron. 36:23).

















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Centering On Points Of Doctrine, History And Prophecy For ...€¦ · Jacob (Israel) • God blessed and worked through a family: Jacob and his 12 sons. • God renamed Jacob as Israel