Upload
lady-sherlyn-delen
View
222
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
1/27
ELLS Theory
Movements
Functions
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
2/27
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
3/27
THE CELL
THEORY
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
4/27
Robert Hooke (1665)
little boxes of cells
Proponents of The Cell
Theory
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
5/27
Matthias Schleiden (1838)He concludes that all plants aremade up of cells.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674)
Observes tiny living organisms indrops of pond water through his
simple microscope.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
6/27
Rudolph Virchow (1855)
He proposes that all cells comefrom existing cells.
Theodor Schwann (1839)
He concludes that all animalsare made up of cells.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
7/27
The Cell Theory states that:
All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure andfunction in living things.
New cells are produced from existing cells.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
8/27
Cell Categories
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
9/27
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
10/27
Eukaryotes
The cells of eukaryotes do contain nuclei.
In addition to a nucleus, a cell membrane,
and cytoplasm, most cells of eukaryotescontain dozens of other specialized
structures called organelles, that perform
important cellular function.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
11/27
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
12/27
Cell Structures
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
13/27
Cell Membrane
A thin, flexible barrier around the
cell.
Cell Wall
The cell wall lies outside the cell
membrane.
Its main function is to providesu ort and rotection for the cell.
Basic Cell Structures
Nucleus
A large structure that contains
the cells genetic material andcontrols cell activities.
Cytoplasm
Material inside the cell
membranebut not including
the nucleus.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
14/27
Nucleus The nucleus controls most cellprocesses and contains the
hereditary information of DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid).
a. Chromatin the granular
material visible within the
nucleus.
b. Chromosomes cell divides, thechromatin condenses to
chromosomes.
c. Nucleolus its function was still a
mystery, however, this is where
the assembly of ribosomes begins.
d. Nuclear Envelope it is dotted
with thousands of nuclear pores,
w/c allow material to move into
and out of nucleus.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
15/27
Cytoskeleton The cytoskeleton is a network of
protein filament that helps the
cell to maintain its shape and is
involved in many forms of cell
movement.
a. Microtubuleshallow tubes of
protein. They maintain cellshape and can also serve as
tracks along w/c organelles are
moved.
b. Microfilaments long, thin fibers
that function in the movementand support of cell.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
16/27
Organelles in
the Cytoplasm
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
17/27
Ribosomes
They produce proteins following coded
instructions that come from the nucleus.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
18/27
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic
reticulum is the organelle
in which components of
the cell membrane are
assembled and some
proteins are modified.
a. Rough ER involved in the
synthesis of proteins
b. Smooth ER containscollections of enzymes that
perform specialized tasks,
such as synthesis of lipids.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
19/27
Golgi Apparatus
Proteins produced by the
rough endoplasmic
reticulum move into a stack
of membranes called the
Golgi apparatus.
Enzymes in the Golgi
apparatus attach
carbohydrates and lipids to
proteins.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
20/27
Lysosomes
Small organelles filled with
enzymes.
One function of lysosomes is
to break down lipids,
carbohydrates, and
proteins from food into
particles that can be used
by the rest of the cell.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
21/27
Vacuoles
Cells often store materials
such as water, salts, proteins,
and carbohydrates in saclike
structures known as vacuoles.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
22/27
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts use the energy
from sunlight to make energy
rich-food molecules in a process
known as photosynthesis.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
23/27
Mitochondria
Organelles that release
energy from stored food
molecules.
Mitochondria use energy
from food to make high
energy compounds that
the cell can use to power
growth, development,
and movement.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
24/27
Organelle DNA
These small DNA molecules
contain information that is
essential for the normal
function of organelles.
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
25/27
ANIMAL CELL
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
26/27
PLANT CELL
8/13/2019 CELLS Presentation
27/27