Cell BiologyRobert Hooke, and his drawing of cellsVan Leeuwenhoek and his microscopeSchleiden and Schwann

Cell BiologyOverview A. Types of Cells1. Prokaryotic Cells(eubacteria and archaea)

- no nucleus - no organelles- binary fission- small (0.2 2.0 um)

Cell BiologyOverview A. Types of Cells1. Prokaryotic Cells

- biofilmsStaphyloccocus aureus biofilm

Cell BiologyOverview A. Types of Cells1. Prokaryotic Cells2. Eukaryotic Cells(protists, plants, fungi, animals)

- nucleus - organelles - mitosis - larger (10-100 um)

Cell BiologyOverview A. Types of Cells1. Prokaryotic Cells2. Eukaryotic Cells B. How Cells Live - take stuff in

Cell BiologyOverview A. Types of Cells1. Prokaryotic Cells2. Eukaryotic Cells B. How Cells Live - take stuff in - break it down and harvest energy (enzymes needed)ADP +PATPmitochondria

Cell BiologyOverview A. Types of Cells1. Prokaryotic Cells2. Eukaryotic Cells B. How Cells Live - take stuff in - break it down and harvest energy (enzymes needed)and - transform radiant energy to chemical energy

ADP +PATPmitochondria

Cell BiologyOverview A. Types of Cells1. Prokaryotic Cells2. Eukaryotic Cells B. How Cells Live - take stuff in - break it down and harvest energy (enzymes needed) - use energy to make stuff (like enzymes and other proteins,and lipids, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids) - DNA determines sequence of amino acids in enzymes and other proteinsADP +PATPribosome

ADP +PATPribosome

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure1. phospholipids

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure2. proteins and carbohydrates

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure B. Membrane Function1. semi-permeable barrierAqueous Solution (inside cell)

dissolved ions

dissolved polar molecules

suspended non-polar(lipid soluble)

Aqueous Solution (outside cell)

dissolved ions

dissolved polar molecules

suspended non-polar(lipid soluble)

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure B. Membrane Function1. semi-permeable barrier2. transportNet diffusionNet diffusionequilibrium

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure B. Membrane Function1. semi-permeable barrier2. transport - diffusionNet diffusionNet diffusionequilibrium

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure B. Membrane Function1. semi-permeable barrier2. transport - osmosis

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure B. Membrane Function1. semi-permeable barrier2. transport facilitated diffusion

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure B. Membrane Function1. semi-permeable barrier2. transport active transport

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure B. Membrane Function1. semi-permeable barrier2. transport3. metabolism (enzymes nested in membrane)4. signal transduction

Cell BiologyOverviewII. Membranes How Things Get in and Out of Cells A. Membrane Structure B. Membrane Function1. semi-permeable barrier2. transport3. metabolism (enzymes nested in membrane)4. signal transduction5. cell-cell binding6. cell recognition7. cytoskeleton attachment

Study Questions: 1. List three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 2. What is a biofilm? 3. Describe the function of mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and liposomes. 4. Why is the lipid bilayer a barrier to water soluble molecules? 5. Describe diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. 6. How does solute concentration and pressure affect water potential and osmosis.