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cell theory
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Hairy T-cell
Definition= Three part theory about cells
1. All living things are made of cells.
Part 2 of the Theory2. The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
Part 3 of the Theory3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. yeast cells dividing
Who came up with this theory?1. Schleiden (circa 1838)
All plants are made of cells!
Onion skin cells
Who came up with this theory?2. SchwannAll animals are made of cells!Human red blood cells
Who came up with this theory?3. Virchow
All cells come from pre-existing cells!
How big are cells?Microscopic (mostly)Measured in microns m (micrometers).
A m is one millionth of a meter = 10-9 m = one thousandth of 1 mm.
How big are cells?Smallest free-living cell = Mycoplasma genitalium
Size = 0.2 to 0.3 m
How big are cells?Bacteria e.g. Eschericia coli (aka E.coli)Size=1 m by 3 m
How big are cells?Human red blood cell = 8 m in diameter
How big are cells?Largest cell on the human body = ovumSize= 1000 m in diameter (1 mm)
How big are cells?Smallest cell in the human body = sperm cell.
How big are cells?Largest cell with a metabolism = Chaos chaos Size=1-5 mm in length. common name = Giant Amoeba
Chaos diffluens, is an amoeba closely related to the giant amoebae
How big are cells?Largest cell = yolk of an ostrich egg
Ostrich, egg, humans
Ostrich emerged from egg
How can we study cells?
Problem:They are microscopic!
Solution:Use a microscope!
Types of Microscopes
Compound light microscope
Light passes through lenses to magnify image up to 1000XCan observe living cells
Types of Microscopes
2. Electron microscopeUses a beam of electrons to magnify image > 1000XKills cells being observed
Common features of all cellsSmall size allows materials to move via diffusionDiffusion = process by which molecules move from levels of high concentration to levels of low concentration until equilibrium is reached
DiffusionGoogle Image Result for http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/lecgraphics/diffusion.gif
Common features of all cells1. Cell Membrane selectively/differentially permeable (lets some things in and out)
Common features of all cells2. Cytoplasm semi-fluid material in which cell organelles float
Common features of all cells3. Nucleic acid containing genetic code : Which nucleic acid?DNA
Common features of all cells4. Cytoskeleton proteins that support the cell
(Microtubules & microfilaments)
Common features of all cells5. Ribosomes make proteins
If Cells could be really big Star Trek - The Immunity Syndrome
Bibliography
http://www.hotlinecancer.com/?cat=28http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4636121.stmhttp://www.thebacteriabusters.com/eColi.htmlhttp://www.lungcancer.co.uk/how.htmhttp://www.fi.edu/learn/heart/blood/red.htmlhttp://biology.about.com/library/weekly/aa091400a.htmhttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/babies/peopleevents/e_ovum.htmlhttp://www.dkimages.com/discover/Home/Animals/Birds/Growth-and-Development/Ostrich/Ostrich/Ostrich-15.htmlhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/71751551@N00/1262329163/http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Ostrich_egg.jpghttp://www.mambalam.net/slideshow.php?set_albumName=Animaliahttp://strangebenevolent.blogspot.com/2007/07/meerkats-and-ostriches.htmlwww.madsci.org/posts/archives/dec97/878139903.Cb.r.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amoeba_proteushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Immunity_Syndrome_(Star_Trek
Bibliographyhttp://www.pacpress.com/level3/micron.htmGoogle Image Result for http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/lecgraphics/diffusion.gif
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Diffusion.jpg
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/cell_membranes.html
http://sun.menloschool.org/~cweaver/cells/e/ribosomes/
http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/580DNA.htmlhttp://sciencecity.oupchina.com.hk/biology/student/glossary/cytoplasm.asphttp://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect06.htm