Cell Review

The Needs of a Cell

• Name 2 things animal cells need to take in: ___________________________

• oxygen, amino acids, sugar, water

• Name 2 things animal cells need to get rid of: _____________________________

• waste, CO2, excess water

These bacteria cells have no nucleus. They are called _________

• This cell has a nucleus. It is called a _____________ cell.

• eukaryotic

Name 2 similarities and 3 differences.

• Similarities: both have cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, DNA

• Differences: eukaryote (on right) is larger,

prokaryotes have been on Earth longer, eukaryotes have organelles and nucleus, eukaryote is larger

• When white blood cells capture and destroy bacteria, the enzymes used to break down the bacteria are found in vesicles called _____________

What structure is this? What is it made out of?

Cell wall, made of cellulose

Fully describe a phospholipid. Include the terms polar and nonpolar. Also include the

terms hydrophobic and hydrophilic.

• Heads are polar, tails are nonpolar.

• Heads are hydrophilic, tails are hydrophobic

What is the name for the green structure?

Transport protein

What kind of cell is this? How do you know? (3 reasons)

Plant cell

• it has a cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts

What are these two structures?

• What is the type of the molecule in the cell membrane that identifies cell type?

• Carbohydrates (on membrane proteins)

What is the function of the ribosomes? Which cells have them?

Protein synthesis, and all cells have ribosomes

What is this organelle? What is its function?

Golgi apparatusFunction is to modify and

repackage proteins

A cell which is 98% water is placed ina solution of 10 % sucrose.How much water is in the outside environment?In what direction does the water move?Does the cell shrink or swell?

A cell which is 98% water is placed ina solution of 10 % sucrose.How much water is in the outside environment? 90%

In what direction does the water move?Out of the cell

Does the cell shrink or swell? Shrink

State the Cell Theory

(1) All living things are made of cells

(2) The cell is the basic unit of life

(3) All cells arise from existing cells.

What is this organelle?What is its function?

Mitochondrion (mitochondria pl.)Function is to convert chemical energy

from food to ATP

Which organelle makes lipids?

Smooth ER

What are the green structures in this cell called? Which cells have them?

Chloroplasts, found in plant cells and in some protists

Name 4 components of all cells.

DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes, cell membrane

Where are ribosomes PRODUCED?

The nucleolus

Compare and contrast osmosis and facilitated diffusion.

• Include 2 similarities and 2 differences.

• Both are passive, move substances with the concentration gradient, and do not require energy.

• Osmosis is movement of water through the phospholipids, and facilitated diffusion is movement of large molecules through the transport proteins.

Name three different types of cells that have a cell wall. Do they all

have cell walls made of cellulose?

• Plant cells

• Prokaryotic cells (bacteria)

• Fungal cells

• Algae cells (not the same as plants)

• If a living plant were moved from a freshwater aquarium to a saltwater aquarium, what would happen to the plant?

• The cells would lose water and the plant would wilt

• The sodium-potassium pump is an example of which type of transport?

• Active

The current theory of the structure of the cell membrane is best described by the____ model.

• Fluid mosaic model

Without a cytoskeleton, eukaryotic cells would NOT

A. synthesize protein.

B. have an efficient way to transport materials from one organelle to another.

C. have an efficient means of metabolism.

D. communicate with adjacent cells.

• B

Identify the following:

1) Vesicle pinching off of rough ER

2) Golgi apparatus

3) Vesicle leaving by exocytosis

4) Ribosomes

Identify the following:

• A) Ligand

• B) Membrane receptor