原子物理：
1. textbook p.353 (12)2. textbook p.353 (13)3. textbook p.353
(14)4. A hydrogen atom absorbs a photon of wavelength such that the
electron in the ground state is brought
to an excited state (n = 3). What is the maximum wavelength of a
photon that can cause ionization of ahydrogen atom in the ground
state? (8/9λ)
5. The figure illustrates some of the electron energy levels in
an isolated atom of lithium. The energies ofthe levels are given in
eV.
(a) The outer electron of a lithium atom is in the lowest energy
level shown. How many joules ofenergy are required to remove this
electron from the atom? (1.39×10-18 J)
(b) (i) Which of the transitions A, B, C or D would lead to the
emission of radiation of the shortestwavelength? (D)(ii) Calculate
the wavelength of this radiation. (2470Å)(iii) State the region of
the electromagnetic spectrum in which this radiation lies.
(c) Sketch the appearance of the spectrum(光譜圖) which these four
transitions produce.(d) On the figure, draw four transitions of
greater energy change which give rise to another set of
wavelengths.
6.
一束速度都相同的氫原子射向一群靜止的氫原子，發生碰撞。設碰撞前所有的氫原子都處於基態，碰撞後有若干氫原子被激發到同一激發態，已知處於此激發態的氫原子向較低能級躍遷時只發出
三種不同波長的光，試求原來氫原子束中氫原子的速度至少要多大？(68242 m/s)7. 一課三練：p.178 (3)8.
一課三練：p.178 (4)9. 一課三練：p.182 (3)10.一課三練：p.183 (5)11. 設一電子(質量為
m)的動量與一光子的動量量值皆為 P，若不考慮相對論效應，光速以 c表示，求
此電子的動能與光子能量的比值。(以 P, m, c等表示)
> spectra and Energv LeveIs8. a) DescHbe the physical
appearance of
D a lhe emisson spectrum,ii) a line absorption spectrum。
b) Desc。 be the relationship be蜘 veen thO“″o spectranamed in
la).
cl The highest frequency hght emitted from a
mercury discharge lamp is2.5 × 1015Hz,In which part° f the
spectrum is this frequency?
Calculate the ionisation energv of a mercury
FuⅡher Questions om(QuantuⅡ l Phvsics
13。 Describe evidence you have seen in a school
laboratory Which shows that different elements
have different characteristic optical spectra。
first eXcited state
o eV
-3.4eV
ground state -△3.6eV
a)The dhgram o a simplified energy level diagram
f°r aton△c hydrogen,A free electron with kinetic
energy12e、`coⅡ
ides with an atom of hydr°gOnand causes it to be raised to its
first excited state.
Calculate the kinetic energy(in eV)of the free
electrOn after the collision. I21
ionisauon
I21
I3l (W)
I31
I21
I11
atonn in eV,
9。 The radiation
ernitted from
an asteroid is
monitOred andthe foⅡ°wingspectrumobtained。
State the
wavelength at
which the peak
radiation flux
0 20 40 60waVe|ength /um
EΞ
b) Find the wavelength of the ph。 ton e∏△tted whenthe aton△
returns to its ground state. I21 (Edex)
14.The diagran1sho1vs some of the outer energy levels
of the rnercury atom。
O
fr°m the asteroid occurs and use it to estimate the
temperature of the asterOid, I31 (Edex)
10.The star Rigelin the consteⅡation Orion has a surface
temperature that is approxirnately twice that° f the
Sun,and the radius of Fugelis70tirnes the radius of
the Sun,lJse Stefan、s Law to estimate the ratio
t⊙tal po1ver Of electrOmagnetic radiation enlitted by Rigel
tOtal pOwer Of electrOmagne“ c radiatiOn eΠ△tted by the Sun
l3l (W)
11.Delta Cepheiis a star whose surface has a maxirnum
temperature of6700K.The star’ slumh。⒍ty仕otalpower emitted as
em-ra山ati()nl at its ma对 mumtempOrature is1.46× 1030W。 Calculate
its diamete⒈
IZ111 (W)
12.The diagra∏1sho1vs some of the energy levels for a
hydrogen atom,'Γ he level n = 1is the ground state.
n=∝ 、______— ——————— /O
energy /eV-3.7
—△0.4
a) Calculate the ionisation energy in J for an
electron in the-10.4eV leve1.
b) An electron has been exc止ed to the-1.6eV leve1.
On a copy ofthe diagram,show all the possible
ways it can return to the— 10.4eV level。 I31c) VVhich change in
energy levels wⅡ l give rise tO a
yellowoh hne⒐ ~600nm)in the mercury
spectrum? I41 (Edox)
15.The light froΠ 1a hydr°gen discharge tube contains
em亻adoton of waVelengths6.6× 10^7m(redhghtl and4.9× 10^7m(blue
lightl。 The light canbe separated to forrn a line spectrum by
diffracti° nor by refraction.
a) Explain how an electHcal discharge through
hydrogen gas in a discharge tube gives risO to a
spectrun△ which consists only of certain
frequencies。 I31b) Detern1ine the angular separation of the red
and
blue light of hydr° gen for∶
i) the second-order diffraction pattern produced
by a diffraction grating which has5.0× 104lines per metre;
I31
ii) the refraction of a beam。 f hydrogen light
passing froΠ1air tO glass when the angle of
1nc1dence1s80° .(The refractive index froΠ1air to glass f° r red
light
o1.65,and for blue l屯 ht。 1.67.) I31 (AQA)
-8,8× ⊥Oˉ2oJ
-△ .4× △Oˉ 19」
-2.4× △0ˉ△9J
-5.4× △Oˉ△9J
n=1 2.2× △Oˉ18J
Assume c=3,0× 108ms^1and h=6.6× 10^34Js。al State whatis meant by
the ground s古 α‘e. I11b) Ⅵ几th referencO to thO energy
leVels,explain how
an electrical discharge through hydrogen gas
gives rise to a visible line spectrum. I41cl Show that the
shortest wavelength Of em radiation
that can be eΠ △tted by a hydrogen atom isapproxirnately90nm.
【Sl (AQA)
353
