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Variants of ChristianityRoman Catholic Vs. Baptist Protestant

1IntroductionRoman Catholic Vs. Baptist Protestants

Roman Catholic/ Catholicism:It is defined as the communion of churches that recognize Pope as their head on earthBaptist Protestants:It is the system of Christian faith and practice based on the principles of ReformationChristianity is the monotheistic religion based on the oral teachings of Jesus Nazareth as presented in the New TestamentThere are three big groups in Christianity: Roman Catholic (Catholic Church), Various denominations in Protestantism and the Eastern Orthodox Church besides other modern movements as well as infamous large groups.The two major groups are being set to comparison: Roman Catholic and Baptist Protestants**Baptist: The term Baptist refers to the sacrament in Christians which admits and adopts in the Christian church with he use of water. It is generally said that Protestants are not Baptist but here it is assumed as a denomination in Protestantism 2Brief History-CatholicismWorship is sacramental for CatholicsTeachings are drawn from religious traditions and scripturesIt is, by far, hierarchical, structured and under the authority of PopeSpiritual Vision: All Christians should be in one body

In Catholicism, there is a strong belief in the existence of Heaven and Hell. Worshipping is the only way to wash away ones sins.Catholicism has the Latin tradition in the liturgy.There is a strong tradition of monasticism in the priesthood and conventsCatholicism is divided into eight Catholic rites: Armenian, Byzantine, Coptic, Ethiopian, Chaldean, Maronite, Roman and WestSyrian.In the centuries that followed Jesus death, most Christians promoted what was called Catholic Christianitywhat the ancientApostle's Creed(circa 150 CE) professed as the one holy, catholic church.The term catholic comes from the Greek wordkatholik, which means literally according to the whole or universal.The term came to designate the most accepted form of faith passed down from the first followers ofJesus. It was not about an institution: it was a spiritual vision, a conviction that all Christians should be in one body.

3Brief History: Contd33 A.D: THE ROMAN EMPIRESt. Peter and PaulPauline ChristianityCatholics are regarded as Christians only (A.D 476-1054)33 A.D: Jesus Died, rises from the Dead, The Holy Spirit comes down on the Apostles on PentecostThe Roman Empire: Many of the Early Christian were Martyrs, they died for their faith, they died defending their faithSaint Peter and Paul were the early leaders of the Church. Peter was the leader of Apostles (the First Pope) and Paul Journeyed to try to convince other groups to become Christians.St. Paul wrote letters to different groups that are the part of Bible Today. Both Peter and Paul died as martyrs in RomeThe Roman Empire legally recognized Pauline Christianity as a valid religion in 313 AD. Later in that century, in 380 AD, Roman Catholicism became the official religion of the Roman Empire. During the following 1000 years, Catholics were the only people recognized as Christians.

4Brief History: Baptist ProtestantismThe Reformation1483-1546 (October 31, 1517)Martin Luther-95 ThesisTranslated New Testament in German (Vernacular)Priests are not needed to interpret the BibleSalvation by faith not worksBible alone should be the source of Christian teachings, not traditions or Pope.Causes of ReformationSocial: The Renaissance values of Humanism and Secularism led people to question the ChurchPolitical: Powerful monarchs challenged the Church as the supreme power in ChurchEconomic : European Princes and kings were jealous of Churchs wealthReligious: Some church leaders had become worldly and corruptThe major division then occurred in 16th century as Protestant Reformation. With its origins in Germany, the modern movement is popularly considered to have begun in 1517 when Luther publishedThe Ninety-Five Thesesas a reaction against abuses in the sale of indulgences, which purported to offer remission of sin to their purchasers.

5Comparison of Approach to BibleRoman CatholicProtestantAgrees with Orthodoxy as to the validity of these books.Protestants reject the deuterocanonicals as not being inspired scripture and term themApocrypha(Greek: 'Hidden Things')

The authority of Apostle and Church preceded the BibleThere is no binding authority but Bible; no official binding interpreterBible is not easy to understandBible is perspicuousIndividuals can read the Bible but within the framework of Churchs authoritative teachingIndividuals can read and interpret the Bible for themselvesThe authority of the Apostles and the Church preceded the Bible and the Sacred Tradition of the Church is an equally infallible authority (2 Thes 2:15; CCC 80-83). The Bible is part of the Apostolic Tradition.The authoritative interpretation of the Bible is the prerogative of the Catholic Church (1 Tim 3:15;Mt 18:17; CCC 85-88).The Bible is not always easy to understand (2 Pet 3:15-16) and needs to understood within its historical and contextual framework and interpreted within the community to which it belongs.Individuals can/should read the Bible and interpret the Bible for themselvesbut within the framework of the Churchs authoritative teaching and not based on their own private interpretation (2 Pet 1:20-21).These basic differences place the Catholic and Protestant worlds apart even though they are opening the pages of the same book and accepting it as an authoritative revelation from God. The Catholic position is biblical, and has been espoused from the first days of the Church. The Protestant position is unbiblical (assumed from their newly devised tradition) and is of recent origin. The Catholic is in full continuity with historical Christianity; Protestants are in discontinuity.

6Symbolism in Roman CatholicismCrucifixAlpha and OmegaThe CrossThe Sacred TruthFleur Di LisThe DoveThe Crossed KeysThe Lamb

The Crucifix is a cross with the figure of the body of Jesus attached with itThese are the first and last letters of Greek alphabets. Christ refers himself as the Alpha and OmegaThe most famous and widespread symbol of Christian is The crossThe Sacred Heart is the symbol of love of Jesus for all humanityThis is one example of a symbol of Mary. The whiteness and beauty of the lily is a symbolic of the purity of Mary Immaculate.The dove is the symbol of the Holy Spirit. When Christ was baptized by John the Baptist, a dove descended on him (Matthew 3:16 and Mark 1:10).The crossed keys are a symbol of the Pope's authority. This is because Christ said to St. Peter that he would give him the key to the Kingdom (Matthew 16:19)One of the most important symbols of Christ is the Lamb. Christ as the Lamb of God is mentioned in John 1:35-36 and revelation 5:6-14 and in the words of the Mass.

7Symbolism in Protestantism

Symbol of Fish instead of crossProtestant symbolism tends to direct attention to the key doctrines of salvation Faith in the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus (as a gift of the Spirit)Sola scriptura (the primacy of the Bible).

Protestant symbolism tends to direct attention to the key doctrines of salvation by faith in the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus (as a gift of the Spirit), and sola scriptura (the primacy of the Bible)These symbols were developed in cooperation by architect David Slovic and the Church's Construction Control Committee, chaired by Thomas S. Rittenhouse. The skillful painting was accomplished by the firm of Adolph Frel & Son who employed the same stenciling technique as that used in the 1886 decoration that may be seen through "The Window into History" in the northeast corner of the room.The intent of the symbols is to lead people on a journey of faith from the remote past into the present and on into eternity. The symbolic progression begins on the rear walls and moves forward to focus on the liturgical center of the sanctuary, the Word and Sacrament.

8Rituals: Roman Catholic Vs ProtestantismRoman CatholicProtestantismMassCommunionBaptismBaptismConfessionSinging hymnsReceiving CommunionVirgin sacrificesPraying the RosaryLast RitesThe term mass is derived from the Missa means dismissa. The Mass is also referred to as the Divine Liturgy by the Byzantine-Rite Eastern Catholic Churches.It comprises four sections, that is, the Introductory Rites, Liturgy (Greek term for worship) of the Word, Liturgy of the Eucharist, and Concluding Rites.The introductory rites help people come to the state of prayer and humility by encouraging them to remember their sins and glorify God.Last Rites meant for preparing the soul of the dyingThe introductory rites help people come to the state of prayer and humility by encouraging them to remember their sins and glorify God.Praying the Rosary i.e. The Apostles Creed, Our Father, Hail Mary, Glory Be, Fatima Prayer, Hail Holy Queen, etc.

9Art: Roman Catholicism

Catholic churches are famous for their elaborate architecture, sculptures, paintings, and mosaics. In Renaissance Italy, the Catholic Church funded the arts by hiring the best painters, sculptors, and architects to exemplify the beauty ,the power, and theunity found within it.Art also played a role in the education and comprehension of Christian (Catholic)theology.This includes sculpture, painting, mosaics, metalwork, embroidery and even architecture. Catholic art has played a leading role in the history and development of Western Art since at least the fourth century. The principal subject matter of Catholic Art has been the life and times ofJesus Christ, along with those of his disciples, the saints, and the events of the JewishOld Testament

10Art: Protestantism

The form and content of Protestant art - in particular, painting- reflected the plainer, more unvarnished and more personal Christianity of the Reformation movement. Thus large scale works ofBiblical Art were no longer commissioned by Protestant church bodies. And while Protestant art collectors continued to commission religious paintings privately from artists, notably Rembrandt (1606-69), overall there was a huge reduction in the amount ofreligious artproduced in Protestant countries. This fall in ecclesiastical patronage forced manyOld Mastersto diversify into seculartypes of Art, such as history painting, portraiture, genre painting and still lives.

11ConclusionRoman CatholicismThe BibleGods Ten CommandmentsExistence of Holy Trinity

ProtestantismSole Authority of ScriptureJustification by Faith AlonePriesthood of the believer

Catholics are, first and foremost, Christianswho believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. Catholicism shares some beliefs with other Christian practices, but essential Catholic beliefs include the following:The Bibleis the inspired, error-free, and revealed word of God.Baptism,the rite of becoming a Christian, is necessary for salvation whether the Baptism occurs by water, blood, or desire.GodsTenCommandmentsprovide a moral compass an ethical standard to live by.The existence of theHolyTrinity one God in three persons. Catholics embrace the belief that God, the one Supreme Being, is made up of three persons: God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit.Protestants share much Christian heritage with Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic believers. All three groups accept the basic Biblical teachings as set forth in theNicene Creed. The Nicene Creed is the only creed accepted by all three major branches of Christendom: Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Protestant(see:What All Christians Believe in Common: Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, & Protestant).Some Protestant groups, for instance manyBaptists, reject all"Creeds" on principle ("No creed but the Bible"), but they too in fact accept all of the basic historic Biblical doctrines taught in the Nicene Creed.

12References:Lawson, T. (2013). A history of Catholic anti-semitism. The dark side of the Church. By Robert Michael. Pp. ix+ 282. New YorkBasingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011 (first publ. 2008). 17.99 (paper). 978 0 230 11131 8A cross too heavy. Pope Pius XII and the Jews of Europe. By Paul O'Shea. Pp. xi+ 273. New YorkBasingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. 22.99 (paper). 978 0 230 11079 3; 978 0 230 11080 9.The Journal of Ecclesiastical History,64(04), 837-838.Morrow, J. (2014). The Real History of Protestantism: Thomas Carlyle and the Spirit of Reformation.Bulletin of the John Rylands Library,90(1), 305-322.