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CatalystHow do you think the respiratory system and circulatory system are related?

Homework Check: Respiratory SystemHomework Check: The HeartRememberDisease: An abnormal condition that affects the body of an organismRespiratory System: Cystic Fibrosishttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-a-WHZoTX0EWhat is CF?Overproduction of mucus in internal organs that causes severe and life-threatening complications in the respiratory systemCauseAutosomal Recessive Genetic DiseaseBoth parents must be carriersDefective CFTR Gene (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator)

Effect

ResultLife Expectancy: Early 40sVery salty-tasting skinPersistent coughing, at times with phlegmFrequent lung infections, such as pneumonia or bronchitisWheezing or shortness of breathPoor growth or poor weight gain in spite of a good appetiteFrequent greasy, bulky stools or difficulty in bowel movementsSmall, fleshy growths in the nose, called nasal polyps

Prevalence30,000 people in the U.S. and 70,000 people worldwid

Treatment: Chest Clapper, BronchodilatorCystic fibrosis (CF) has no cure. Goal of treatment is usually:Preventing and controlling lung infectionsLoosening and removing thick, sticky mucus from the lungsPreventing or treating blockages in the intestinesProviding enough nutritionPreventing dehydration (a lack of fluid in the body)

Circulatory System: What do we know?Circulatory SystemPurpose: to circulate blood, oxygen, nutrients and waste throughout your bodyAKA: cardiovascular system

Main ComponentsBlood

Blood Vessels

Heart

BloodHow much do humans have?BloodAdults have 5L of blood

Bloods Components

Blood VesselsArteries

Veins

CapillariesArteriesCarries oxygenated blood away from the heartAorta: Largest arteryPulmonary Artery: only artery that carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs (2 total)

Carries blood from the body to the heartSuperior/Inferior Vena Cava: Largest veinPulmonary Vein: only vein that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heartVeins

CapillariesTiny blood vessels that transport blood to and from cells

HeartMuscular pump about the size of your fist4 chambersLeft/Right Atrium: smaller, at the topLeft/Right Ventricle: larger, at the bottom

Heart4 valves: flaps of tissue that prevent blood from flowing backwardsTricuspid: between right atrium and right ventriclePulmonary: between right ventricle and pulmonary arteryMitral: between left atrium and left ventricleAortic: between left ventricle and aorta

HeartbeatSinoatrial (SA) node generates and electric charge that causes the right atrium to contractThen the Atrioventricular (AV) node causes both ventricles to contract

Heartbeathttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uR4t__B-ZwgBlood Flowhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7XaftdE_h60Steps of Blood Flow1. Right atrium: receives oxygen poor blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and pumps to the right ventricle2. Right ventricle: pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries 3. Left atrium: receives oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary veins and pumps to the left ventricle4. Left ventricle: pumps oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body via the aortaHeart DiseaseUmbrella term that includes various diseases that specifically target the heart, such as: coronary heart disease, heart attacks, congestive heart failure, etc.Myocardial Infarction: Heart Attackhttp://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/heartattack/causes.htmlWhat is a heart attackTemporary loss of blood flow to the heart leading to the death of tissueCauseBlockage of the coronary artery

EffectCoughingNauseaVomitingCrushing chest painDizzinessDyspnea (shortness of breath)Face seems grayA feeling of terror that your life is coming to its endFeeling really awful (general feeling)RestlessnessClammy and sweatyPrevalence600,000 people in the U.S. die of heart disease every year. Thats 1 in 4!720,000 Americans have a heart attack every year

Race of Ethnic Group% of DeathsAfrican Americans24.5American Indians or Alaska Natives18.0Asians or Pacific Islanders23.2Hispanics20.8Whites25.1All25.0

TreatmentAspirinto prevent blood clotting that may worsen the heart attackOther antiplatelets, such as Brilinta, Effient, orPlavix,to prevent blood clottingThrombolytic therapy ("clot busters") to dissolve any blood clots in the heart's arteries