Catalyst

1. Name one of the scientists we discussed yesterday and what he contributed to the field of biology.

2. Describe 3 of the 7 characteristics of living organisms.

3. List the three parts of the Cell Theory.

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Ms. KlinkhachornOctober 1, 2009

Two Types of Cells

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

Two Types of Cells

• Prokaryotes– First form of life, have been around for billions of

years– Size: 1 to 10 micrometers – Simple structure

• Eukaryotes– Evolved from prokaryotes– Size: 10 to 100 micrometers– Complex structure

All Cells Have…

1. Genetic information– Our genetic info is what makes us all who we are– DNA

2. Cell membrane– Serves as a boundary

3. Cytoplasm– A fluid in cells where important chemical

reactions take place– Gives structure

Organelles

• “elle” in organelle means “little”– Little organ

• Specialized unit inside the cell that has its own function– Necessary in order to survive, grow, reproduce– Examples: produce energy, provide storage,

package proteins

• Typically membrane-bound

Prokaryotes

• Unicellular• Do not have membrane-bound organelles• No nucleus – DNA floats around in the cytoplasm

• Reproduction through binary fission• Do have:– Ribosomes – responsible for protein production– Cilia/Flagella – enable movement in the

environment

Examples

• Bacteria and archea (blue-green algae) are the only prokaryotic cells

Eukaryotes

• Can be unicellular (protists) or multicellular• Complex, evolved from prokaryotes• Have membrane-bound organelles• DNA stored in the nucleus– Control center of the cell

nucleus

cell membrane

organelles

Examples

• Animal, plant, fungus, and protist cells are all eukaryotic cells.

Root Words

• “Pro” = before• “Eu” = true• “Karyon” = kernel nucleus