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ISSN 0160-8029 e.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS/WASHINGTON

CATALOGING SERV BULLET PROCESSING SERVICES

4 Number 22, F a l l 1983 E d i t o r : Robert M. H i a t t

GENERAL P r i o r i t i e s Observed a t t h e L i b r a r y o f Congress i n Ca ta log ing 2 B i b l i o g r a p h i c " F l i p w 4

DECRIPTIVE CATALQGING L i b r a r y o f Congress Rule I n t e r p r e t a t i o n s D e l e t i o n o f I n i t i a l A r t i c l e s LC/NLC Coopera t ive Agreement Books c a l l e d " P s a l t e r ," o r Cognates Abbrev ia t ions f o r C e r t a i n Na t iona l B i b l i o g r a p h i e s A r b i t r a r y References f o r Non-roman S c r i p t Headings Hebrew and Yiddish Ca ta log ing Romani za t i o n

SUBJECT CATALOGIHG Divid ing Corporate Body Headings by P l a c e Developing C o u n t r i e s Obso le te F o l k l o r e Headings i n LCSH Biography i n S u b j e c t Heading P r a c t i c e

MARC LC Implements A u t h o r i t i e s : A MARC F o w LC t o D i s t r i b u t e Minimal Level Ca ta log ing Records Country o f Produc t ion Codes f o r Film Records

ALA/LC ROMANIZATIQN TABLES Le pc ha Limbu

Editorial address: Office of the Director for Cataloging, Processing Services, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 -. Subscription address: Subscriber Accounts, Cataloging Distribution Service, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20541

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 78-51400 ISSN 0160-8029 Key title: Cataloging service bulletin

AT IEIE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS IN CA-

I n response t o t h e many ques t ions Library of Congress s t a f f members have been asked about t h e p r i o r i t i e s i t fol lows i n process ing l i b r a r y m a t e r i a l s , t h e c u r r e n t p r i o r i t y is reproduced below.

M a t e r i a l s needed by Members of Congress o r t h e i r s t a f f s , by agency heads o r h ighe r o f f i c e r s of t h e Executive Branch, by Supreme Court J u s t i c e s , o r by d i v i s i o n c h i e f s o r h igher o f f i c e r s o f t h e L ib ra ry o f Congress

CIP m a t e r i a l s , i nc lud ing both pre- and pos t -pub l i ca t ions i t ems

High-need and/or r e s e a r c h value English-language m a t e r i a l

T i t l e s f o r r e fe rence assignment ( a l l l anguages ) , i n t e r l i b r a r y loan ( u n l e s s scheduled f o r minimal ca t a log ing)

F i r s t number o r volume o f a new numbered monographic s e r i e s o r multivolume mcnograph ( a l l languages)

A l l c u r r e n t l y acquired r a r e m a t e r i a l s valued a t $500 o r more

Data-sheet ca t a log ing f o r aud iov i sua l m a t e r i a l s

High-need and/or r e sea rch value non-English-language m a t e r i a l

Medium-need and/or r e s e a r c h va lue English-language m a t e r i a l s

Added volumes and a d d i t i o n s and c o r r e c t i o n s

Medium-need and/or r e sea rch value non-English-language ma te r i a l

M a t e r i a l s c u r r e n t l y purchased f o r t h e Rare Book and Spec ia l C o l l e c t i o n s Divis ion a s wel l a s s e l e c t e d t i t l e s from g i f t o r exchange c o l l e c t i o n s

Low-need and/or r e sea rch value non-English-language m a t e r i a l

In a s s ign ing c a t a l o g i n g p r i o r i t i e s , e s p e c i a l l y a t t h e P r i o r i t y 2 l e v e l , t h e fo l lowing e lements , o r combinations of e lements , should be weighted :

Per t inence t o r e sea rch of t h e s u b j e c t ma t t e r Se r iousness of t r ea tmen t Currency o f informat ion Content o f t h e p u b l i c a t i o n s a s evidenced by t h e t a b l e o f c o n t e n t s B ib l iog raph ic apparatus : f o o t n o t e s , b i b l i o g r a p h i e s , indexes , e t c . Importance o f t h e personal o r co rpora t e author (when known) Reputat ion o f t h e pub l i she r

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No* 2 2 / F a l l 1983

Appraisa l of t h e p u b l i c a t i o n , based' on t h e e x p e r t i s e and pro- f e s s i o n a l knowledge o f t h e i n d i v i d u a l s a s s ign ing t h e p r i o r i t i e s

These g u i d e l i n e s have t o meet a g r e a t v a r i e t y of d i f f e r e n t and o f t e n c o n t r a d i c t o r y needs and a r e , o f n e c e s s i t y , a compromise i n responding t o an exceedingly complex problem.

U. S. Fede ra l , o r f o r e i g n c e n t r a l government documents, s e l e c t e d f o r r e s e a r c h v a l u e , i nc lud ing a l l U.S. Congressional p u b l i c a t i o n s .

U.S. Fede ra l , s t a t e , and l o c a l m a t e r i a l s ( a s s e l e c t e d ) , which a r e primary sources , an! t h e i r s ea rch t o o l s (government and p r i v a t e l y p r i n t e d ) , i nc lud ing microform e d i t i o n s , such a s o f f i c i a l g a z e t t e s and U.S. Federal agency d e c i s i o n s t h a t a r e s u b s t i t u t e d f o r i n k p r i n t o r hard copy; s e a r c h t o o l s i n c l u d e encyclopedias , d i g e s t s , indexes , c i t a t o r s , and loose - l ea f s e r v i c e s (most of which have r e f e r e n c e assignment)

Foreign government n a t i o n a l and major subd iv i s ions ( s t a t e s , pro- v i n c e s , e t c . ) l e g a l m a t e r i a l s ( a s s e l e c t e d ) , which a r e primary sources , and t h e i r s ea rch t o o l s (government and p r i v a t e l y p r i n t e d , i nc lud ing microform e d i t i o n s ; s ea rch t o o l s i nc lude manuals, gu ides , d i g e s t s , indexes , and c i t a t o r s .

Q u a l i t y t r a d e p u b l i c a t i o n s , u n l e s s included i n t h e CIP Program S u b s t a n t i a l p u b l i c a t i o n s o f l ea rned i n s t i t u t i o n s D i c t i o n a r i e s : Engl ish o r Engl ish-fore ign language and fo re ign

language-English Music c o l l e c t e d e d i t i o n s Guides t o n a t i o n a l l i b r a r y c o l l e c t i o n s Rare m a t e r i a l s c o s t i n g $500 o r more, s e l e c t e d f o r Rare Book and

Spec ia l Co l l ec t ions Divis ion o r c u s t o d i a l u n i t s . S u b s t a n t i a l works o f c u r r e n t i n t e r e s t i n the fo l lowing c a t e g o r i e s n o t

s e l e c t e d f o r r e f e r e n c e assignment ( i n c a s e o f fo re ign p u b l i c a t i o n s , pre- f e r a b l y those r e l a t i n g t o the country of o r i g i n a s a whole):

Yearbooks D i r e c t o r i e s Gaze t t ee r s S t a t i s t i c a l compendia Indexes/ Abs t r ac t s Biographies B ib l iog raph ies Demographic compendia Current n a t i o n a l budgets , annual r e p o r t s o f m i n i s t r i e s , n a t i o n a l

depar tments , r e s e a r c h c e n t e r s Proceedings , pape r s , e t c . , o f l ea rned conferences , symposia,

e t c . Loose-leaf l e g a l p u b l i c a t i o n s and p e r i o d i c a l s (C las s K1-33)

Major works i n t h e humani t ies , s o c i a l s c i e n c e s , and t h e phys ica l n a t u r a l , and behav io ra l s c i ences .

ea rch V u

U.S. s t a t e documents (except law) s e l e c t e d f o r r e sea rch va lue and g e n e r a l l y d e a l i n g wi th s u b j e c t s o f n a t i o n a l i n t e r e s t

P u b l i c a t i o n s o f f o r e i g n r e g i o n a l governmental bodies (except law) s e l e c t e d f o r r e s e a r c h va lue and g e n e r a l l y d e a l i n g wi th s u b j e c t s of n a t i o n a l i n t e r e s t

S u b s t a n t i a l p u b l i c a t i o n s o f n a t i o n a l and i n t e r n a t i o n a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s

Encylopedias, almanacs, yearbooks, indexes , b i b l i o g r a p h i e s , d i r e c - t o r i e s , b iog raph ies , and o t h e r works o f gene ra l r e f e r e n c e no t s e l e c t e d f o r r e f e r e n c e assignment o r ass igned a h igher . p r i o r i t y

Scho la r ly monographic s e r i e s no t g iven a h igher p r i o r i t y Facs imi l e e d i t i o n s con ta in ing new i n t r o d u c t o r y m a t e r i a l Rare m a t e r i a l s c o s t i n g l e s s than $500; o r r a r e m a t e r i a l s s e l e c t e d f o r

c a t a l o g i n g from g i f t c o l l e c t i o n s o r copyr ight d e p o s i t D i c t i o n a r i e s ( f o r e i g n language only)

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / F a l l 1983

S u b s t a n t i a l t r a v e l gu ides Genealogies S u b s t a n t i a l l o c a l h i s t o r i e s con ta in ing foo tno tes , b i b l i o g r a p h i e s , and

indexes S u b s t a n t i a l works i n the humani t ies , s o c i a l s c i e n c e s , and the

behav io ra l , n a t u r a l , and phys ica l s c i ences no t g iven a h igher p r i o r i t y . S u b s t a n t i a l works i n the fo l lowing c a t e g o r i e s ( i n the case of

fo re ign p u b l i c a t i o n s p re fe rab ly those r e l a t i n g t o t h e country o f o r i g i n a s a whole) :

I n t e r n a t i o n a l law Music, i nc lud ing l i b r e t t o s Guides t o major l i b r a r y c o l l e c t i o n s no t g iven higher p r i o r i t y Ch i ld ren ' s books s e l e c t e d f o r t h e i r q u a l i t y Fo lk lo re

P r i v a t e l y p r i n t e d works i n English ( f o r e i g n works, e s p e c i a l l y from developing c o u n t r i e s , may i n some c a s e s r e q u i r e h igher p r i o r i t y )

College l e v e l textbooks , u n l e s s g iven a h igher p r i o r i t y due t o the r e s e a r c h va lue o f t h e s u b j e c t ma t t e r and c o n t e n t

Foreign secondary l e v e l textbooks s e l e c t e d f o r t h e c o l l e c t i o n s a s having p a r t i c u l a r r e s e a r c h va lue

Local government p u b l i c a t i o n s n o t given a h igher p r i o r i t y B e l l e s l e t t r e s not s e l e c t e d f o r h igher p r i o r i t i e s Exh ib i t ion c a t a l o g s Anthologies Popular i n s t r u c t i o n a l and devo t iona l p u b l i c a t i o n s Unrevised r e p r i n t s , i f acquired Facs imi l e e d i t i o n s n o t i nc lud ing new m a t e r i a l s Monographs i n s e r i e s no t g iven higher p r i o r i t i e s Ch i ld ren ' s books n o t g iven a h igher p r i o r i t y S p o r t s and r e c r e a t i o n Applied a r t s and c r a f t s Local h i s t o r i e s no t g iven higher p r i o r i t i e s Popu la r i za t ions i n a l l s u b j e c t f i e l d s A l l o t h e r m a t e r i a l s s e l e c t e d f o r a d d i t i o n t o t h e c o l l e c t i o n s b u t no t

g iven higher p r i o r i t i e s

HIC

The L ib ra ry of Congress has l e t a c o n t r a c t t o change pre-AACR 2 headings i n b i b l i o g r a p h i c book r eco rds t o t h e AACR 2 form. After a week's t r a i n i n g i n sea rch ing and c o r r e c t i o n procedures , work was begun on September 19, 1983.

Approximately 87,5000 name a u t h o r i t y r eco rds whose Ixx f i e l d was e s t a b l i s h e d a s a r e s u l t o f an exchange o r a programmatic " f l i p t1 wi th t h e o ld ca t a log heading form the b a s i s o f t h e c o n t r a c t . The c o n t r a c t o r working i n t h e MARC E d i t o r i a l D iv i s ion , has been i n s t r u c t e d t o sea rch t h e f i l e o f books r e c o r d s f o r i n s t a n c e s o f o ld c a t a l o g headings . With o n l y a few excep t ions each occurrence o f a pre-AACR 2 heading w i l l be changed t o the c u r r e n t AACR 2 form.

To i n d i c a t e t h a t such changes have been e f f e c t e d , t h e c o n t r a c t o r w i l l be adding r e v i s i o n d a t a t o t h e 001 f i e l d , except CIPt s which w i l l c a r r y no r e v i s i o n d a t a .

It i s expected t h a t approximately 154,000 b ib l iog raph ic r eco rds w i l l have t h e i r headings upgraded t o t h e AACR 2 form i n t h e cour se o f t h e c o n t r a c t , which i s expected t o t ake approximately 18 months t o complete .

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

Under terms of t h e c o n t r a c t t h e c o n t r a c t o r is expected t o work through t h e 87,500 reco rds i n a l p h a b e t i c a l o r d e r o f t h e 4xx o ld c a t a l o g heading and change 1,600 book r e c o r d s each week a t 98% accuracy r a t e i n terms o f a ) e f f e c t i v e l y sea rch ing t h e old headings and b) a c c u r a t e l y changing i n d i v i d u a l headings c o r r e c t l y a s ses sed a s cand ida te s f o r change based on g u i d e l i n e s prepared by t h e Library . A l l r e c o r d s changed each week w i l l be d i s t r i b u t e d t o s u b s c r i b e r s a s p a r t o f t h e weekly MARC D i s t r i b u t i o n Se rv ice .

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 2 2 / Fall 1983

OF 0 0 8 s ( L w

Cumulative index of LCRI i n i s s u e s o f m i n a Service B u w

Cataloging Service Bulletin. No. 22 / Fall 1983

APPENDICES

D, wCol l ec t ion" D, " Colophonw D, nPre l imina r i e sw D, "Running t i t l e " D, "Uniform t i t l e w

.*-

c a t a l o g i n g Service B u l l e t i n , No.-22 / F a l l 1983

I,1B. T i t l e proper. [Rev. 1

Use judgment i n d e c i d i n g whether a word o r ph ra se i s p a r t o f t h e t i t l e p rope r o r i s an e lement o f o t h e r t i t l e i n f o r m a t i o n . I n many c a s e s , o f c o u r s e , t h e language used may i t s e l f answer t h i s q u e s t i o n by o f f e r i n g no b r eak a t a l l between e l emen t s .

Loan agreement between t h e government o f t h e United Kingdom o f Grea t B r i t a i n and Northern I r e l a n d and t h e government o f t h e Argent ine Republ ic .

I n o t h e r c a s e s t h e s o u r c e may indeed show a b r eak ( u s u a l l y w i t h a comma), b u t what f o l l ows t h e b r eak i s an i n s e p a r a b l e p a r t o f t h e s e n e o f t h e t i t l e .

S i n c e r e l y , W i l l i s Wayde

Such obv ious c a s e s a s i d e , however, i t w i l l a lways be t h e c a t a l o g e r ' s judgment t h a t must d i s t i n g u i s h between t i t l e p rope r and o t h e r t i t l e i n f o r m a t i o n , w i t h l anguage , meaning, l a y o u t , typography, and appea rance o f t h e t i t l e i n s o u r c e s o t h e r t han t h e c h i e f one a l l o p e r a t i n g a s f a c t o r s t o c o n s i d e r .

m. [Rev. I

J u l t u e P u b l i s h e r s . e t c .

When two e n t i t i e s per forming t h e same o r d i f f e r e n t f u n c t i o n s a r e named, r e c o r d bo th . I f t h r e e o r more a r e i nvo lved , r e c o r d t h e first and subsequen t l y named e n t i t y t h a t is t h e o n l y one l o c a t e d i n t h e U.S. o r i s t h e one t h a t i s g i v e n prominence by typography a s t h e p r i n c i p a l p u b l i s h e r s , e t c . Record a l s o a subsequen t l y named e n t i t y whenever an added e n t r y f o r it needs t o b e j u s t i f i e d .

When r e c o r d i n g t h e names o r two o r more p u b l i s h e r s , d i s t r i b u t o r s , e t c . , and t h e names appea r t o g e t h e r i n t h e i t e m i n a s i n g l e s t a t e m e n t t h a t c o n n e c t s them l i n g u i s t i c a l l y , g e n e r a l l y g i v e them i n a s i n g l e s t a t e m e n t r a t h e r t h a n s e p a r a t i n g them w i t h a space-colon-space. How- e v e r , i f t h e names need t o b e t r a n s c r i b e d a f t e r d i f f e r e n t p l a c e s , g i v e each e n t i t y i n a s e p a r a t e p u b l i s h e r s t a t e m e n t i n t h e p u b l i c a t i o n , e t c . , a r e a .

New York : Foremost Americans Pub. Corp. f o r Bowker

London : Nat iona l Counci l f o r Educa t i ona l Techno- l o g y w i t h t h e L i b r a r y A s s o c i a t i o n

London : Bodley Head f o r Mackays

but

New York : Garland ; P a r i s : Fondat ion Le Corbus i e r ( s o u r c e : Garland P u b l i s h i n g , I nc . , New York and London, and Fondat ion Le Corbus i e r , P a r i s )

Note t h a t i f t h e e n t i t i e s a r e l o c a t e d i n d i f f e r e n t p l a c e s , i t d o e s n o t n e c e s s a r i l y mean t h a t t h e i t e m was p u b l i s h e d , d i s t r i b u t e d , e t c . , i n t h o s e p l a c e s . Record a s p l a c e s o f p u b l i c a t i o n , e t c . , o n l y t h e l oca - t i o n s o f t h e e n t i t i e s t h a t a r e a c t u a l l y p u b l i s h i n g , d i s t r i b u t i n g , r e - l e a s i n g , e t c . , t h e i t em . However, names o f p l a c e s r e j e c t e d f o r g i v i n g


a s p l aces of p u b l i c a t i o n , e t c . , may be r e t a i n e d i n the pub l i she r s t a t e - ment i f t hey appear i n conjunct ion wi th t h e names o f t h e e n t i t i e s being recorded t h e r e .

R i b e r a l t a , Bo l iv i a : Publicado por e l I n s t i t u t o ~ i n ~ i i i s t i c o d e Verano en colaboraci6n con e l M i n i s t e r i o de ~ d u c a c i b n y Cul tura

Toronto ; Buffalo : Published f o r t h e Glenbow- Alber ta I n s t i t u t e , Calgary, A l t a . , by Un ive r s i ty of Toronto P res s

Rio de J a n e i r o : L i v r a r i a Ed i to ra ~ g t e d r a em convgnio com o I n s t i t u t o Nacional do Livro , Min i s t e r io da Educagso e Cu l tu ra , ~ r a s i l i a

London : Published by Mechanical Engineering Publi- c a t i o n s Ltd. f o r t h e I n s t i t u t e of Tr ibology, Leeds Un ive r s i ty , and t h e I n s t i t u t n a t i o n a l d e s s c i e n c e s app l iqu&es , Lyon

I f t h e names o f two o r more e n t i t i e s appear i n s e p a r a t e s t a t emen t s on t h e i t em, do n o t r o u t i n e l y g i v e i n t h e p u b l i c a t i o n , e t c . , a r e a t h e e n t i t i e s t h a t a r e no t involved wi th t h e p u b l i c a t i o n , d i s t r i b u t i o n , e t c . , o f t h e i tem. General ly g i v e them i n a quoted noted i n s t e a d .

f o o t o f t . ~ & George Godwin, London and New York m d l e of t .~ , : Published i n a s s o c i a t i o n wi th t h e

P l a s t i c s and Rubber I n s t i t u t e t r a n s c r i ~ t i o n : London ; New York : Godwln ~ o t e a reg : "Published i n a s s o c i a t i o n wi th t h e

P l a s t i c s and Rubber I n s t i t u t e ." f o o t of t . ~ , : The Unive r s i ty o f Tennessee P res s ,

Knoxville a d d l e of t . ~ . : Published i n cooperat ion wi th t h e

Tennessee H i s t o r i c a l Commission J r a n s c r i ~ t - : Knoxville : Unive r s i ty o f Tennessee

P res s n o t e are%: "Published i n cooperat ion wi th t h e

Tennessee H i s t o r i c a l Commission."

f o o t of t . ~ , : Pub l i ca t ion of t h e Hawaii Natura l His tory Associa t ion

at head of tit&: Published i n cooperat ion wi th t h e Nat ional Park Se rv ice

m s c r i ~ t i o n : [Honolulu] : Hawaii Natura l H i s to ry Associa t ion

n o t e ar- "Published i n coopera t ion wi th t h e Nat ional Park Service . l l

!a&

f o o t of t .D. : Alfred A. Knopf, New York y e r s o of t . D . : Dis t r ibu ted by Random House, Inc . ,

New York t r a n s c r i ~ t u . . : New York : Knopf : Dis t r ibu ted by

Random House

I n t h e t h i r d paragraph o f 1.4B8 the term "secondary p o s i t i o n n means anywhere i n t h e i tem.

f;p.: Chapman & Hall Limited London y e r s o of a. : Springer Verlag Ber l in Heidelberg

New York a n s c r i ~ t i o ~ : London : Chapman & Hall ; Ber l in ;

New York : Springer . _..

Cata log ing S e r v i c e B u l l e t i n , No. 22 / F a l l 1983 13

Do n o t t r a n s c r i b e secondary i n fo rma t ion t h a t i s about an e d i t i o n s e p a r a t e from t h e one be ing ca t a loged .

f;JL.: Hodder & Stoughton -of t . D . : Publ ished i n USA by David McKay

Company, Inc . -: London : Hodder & Soughton

I f t h e sou rce used f o r t h e t i t l e paper h a s on i t a lFgenera lW name t h a t is sha red by a s s o c i a t e d companies o r by p a r e n t and branch com- p a n i e s and t h e s p e c i f i c f i r m names appea r i n a secondary p o s i t i o n , g e n e r a l l y assume t h a t t h e first of t h e s e names r e p r e s e n t s t h e p u b l i s h e r o f t h e i t em and combine t h a t firm's name w i t h t h e "gene ra lw name. I f t h i s p l a c e is n o t i n t h e U.S. and a U.S. p l a c e is coupled w i t h one of t h e o t h e r f i rm names, add t h i s p l ace t o t h e "gene ra lw name a l s o .

&&. : P i tman Pub l i sh ing y g r s o o f tap.: S i r I s a a c Pitman and Sons Ltd .

P i tman House, Parker S t r e e t , Kingsway, London WC2B 5PB

P.O. Box 46038, Banda S t r e e t Na i rob i , Kenya

P i tman Pub l i sh ing Pty . Ltd . Pitman House, 158 Bouver ie S t r e e t , Ca r l t on , V i c t o r i a 3053, A u s t r a l i a

P i tman Pub l i sh ing Corpo ra t i on 6 Eas t 43rd S t r e e t New York, NY 10017, USA

-: London : New York, NY, USA : Pitman Pub l i sh ing

fuP. : Penguin Books y%rs,o of t a. : Penguin Books Ltd . , Harmondsworth,

Middlesex, England Penguin Books, I n c . , ... Bal t imore ,

Maryland Penguin Books A u s t r a l i a L td . ,

Ringwood, V i c t o r i a , A u s t r a l i a Penguin Canada Limi ted , . . . Markham,

On ta r io , Canada Penguin Books (N.Z.) L t d . , . . .

Auckland 10, New Zealand : Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England ;

Bal t imore , Md. : Penguin Books

I f t h e sou rce used f o r t h e t i t l e proper h a s on it a s p e c i f i c f i rm name and a s t a t emen t abou t a s s o c i a t e d companies o r a p a r e n t o r g a n i z a t i o n appea r s i n a secondary p o s i t i o n , do n o t i n c l u d e t h e s e a s s o c i a t e d companies o r t h e i r p l a c e s i n t h e i m p r i n t .

I f i n fo rma t ion concerning t h e d i s t r i b u t o r is p r i n t e d o r appea r s on a stamp o r l a b e l anywhere i n t h e i t em, r eco rd t h e d i s t r i b u t o r i n t h e pub l i - c a t i o n , e t c . , a r e a . ( I g n o r e t h e d i s t r i b u t o r s g iven on ly on t h e d u s t j a c k e t . ) Record t h e name o f t h e d i s t r i b u t o r i f i t d i f f e r s i n form from t h e name of t h e p u b l i s h e r even though bo th be long t o t h e same e n t i t y . m: 1) Do n o t r e c o r d t hose d i s t r i b u t o r s who a r e remainder ing an e d i t i o n , who a r e secondhand d e a l e r s , o r who a c t i n some o t h e r c a p a c i t y a s . o u t l e t s f o r o n l y p a r t o f an e d i t i o n . D i s t r i b u t o r s of t h e s e t y p e s a r e o f no b i b l i o g r a p h i c s i g n i f i c a n c e . I f i n doubt a s t o t h e s i g n i f i c a n c e o f t h e d i s t r i b u t o r s t a t e m e n t , r e co rd i t . 2) I f d i s t r i b u t i o n is d i s p e r s e d f o r t h e

Cataloging S e r v i c e Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983 ,-,

e d i t i o n ( i . e . , i t i s divided between pub l i she r and d i s t r i b u t o r ( s ) o r between d i s t r i b u t o r and d i s t r i b u t o r , wi th one d i s t r i b u t i n g i n one a r e a and the o t h e r d i s t r i b u t i n g i n another a r e a ) , g i v e only t h e d i s t r i b u t o r who d i s t r i b u t e s t h e e d i t i o n i n t h e U.S. I f , i n t h e c a s e o f d i spe r sed d i s t r i b u t i o n , t h e r e is no d i s t r i b u t o r f o r t he U.S., g i v e t h e first-named d i s t r i b u t o r only when t h e r e i s no pub l i she r .

For i t ems from the United S t a t e s Government P r i n t i n g Of f i ce (GPO), r e t a i n t h e s ta tement t h a t an item is f o r s a l e by t h e Super intendent o f Documents s i n c e only a p o r t i o n o f GPO's i t e m s i s d i s t r i b u t e d i n t h a t manner.

When a government p r i n t e r o r government p r i n t i n g o f f i c e is named on t h e i tem and t h e r e i s no evidence t h a t i ts f u n c t i o n s a r e no t t h a t o f a pub l i she r o r d i s t r i b u t o r , record i t a s t h e pub l i she r . If, however, ano the r body a l s o appea r s on t h e i tem and t h e government p r i n t i n g of- f i c e is named only i n a l e s s prominent p o s i t i o n unaccompanied by a s t a t emen t of p r i n t i n g o r d i s t r i b u t i o n , t h e l i k e l i h o o d i s g r e a t e r t h a t it f u n c t i o n s on ly a s p r i n t e r and t h a t t he body i s t h e pub l i she r .

m v e r s i t v P r e s s e s

Consider u n i v e r s i t y p r e s s e s a s pub l i she r s u n l e s s t h e r e is c l e a r evidence t o t h e c o n t r a r y .

Works

For c a t a l o g i n g purposes, t r e a t p r i v a t e l y p r i n t e d works a s pub- l i s h e d works even i f t hey have been d i s t r i b u t e d on ly t o a ve ry l i m i t e d group ( e .g . , a keepsake f o r d inne r g u e s t s o r a Christmas g r e e t i n g f o r f r i e n d s ) . T rea t t h e person o r body i s s u i n g t h e item, whether a com- merc ia l p u b l i s h e r , a p r i v a t e p r e s s , o r a person o r group f o r whom it may have been p r i n t e d , a s t h e pub l i she r . I f i t i s s t a t e d i n t h e i tem t h a t i t has been p r i v a t e l y p r i n t , t h i s f a c t may be expressed i n a n o t e , u s u a l l y quoted. (&&: P r i v a t e p r e s s e s should be considered pub l i she r s o f t h e i t ems they p r i n t i f t h e r e i s no evidence t o t h e c o n t r a r y i n t h e i tem o r i n r e f e r e n c e sources consu l t ed . )

For an i tem t h a t does n o t name a pub l i she r i n impr in t p o s i t i o n bu t a c o r p o r a t e body i s named a t head o f t i t l e , regard t h e c o r p o r a t e body named a t head of t i t l e a s t h e pub l i she r . Transpose i t s name t o pub l i she r p o s i t i o n i n t h e p u b l i c a t i o n , e t c . , a r e a u n l e s s t h e i tem c o n t a i n s informat ion i n d i c a t i n g t h a t t h e co rpora t e body i s n o t t h e pub l i she r o r c a s t i n g doubt on t h i s assumption. ( I f t h e body has been recorded i n t h e t i t l e and s t a t emen t o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t y a r e a , app ly 1.4D2).

I f t h e i tem does no t name a p u b l i s h e r , i n t h e absencs o f evidence t o t h e c o n t r a r y , assume t h a t t he copyr igh t holder named i n t h e copyr igh t s t a t emen t i s t h e pub l i she r i f i t is a co rpora t e body known a s a publish- i n g e n t i t y . Consider o t h e r co rpora t e bod ies a s we l l a s persons named on ly a s copyr igh t ho lde r s a s p u b l i s h e r s on ly i f t h e p a r t i c u l a r c a s e makes the in fe rence ve ry p l a u s i b l e . When reco rd ing , a s p u b l i s h e r , an e n t i t y t h a t i s named on ly i n a copyr igh t s t a t emen t , do no t b racke t t h e name i f the copyr ight s t a t emen t appea r s i n a prescr ibed source f o r t he publ i - c a t i o n , e t c . , a r e a .

m. [Rev . I . Apply t h e o p t i o n a l r u l e whenever the copyr ight d a t e of t h e whole i tem is d i f f e r e n t from the d a t e o f p u b l i c a t i o n , e t c . Ignore a copyr igh t d a t e t h a t a p p l i e s t o on ly p a r t of t h e i tem ( e . g . ,

ionlg t h e p r e f a t a r y m a t e r i a l ; some bu t n o t a l l t he works i n a co l -


l e c t i o n ) . Never theless , f o r works o f mixed r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ( i .e . , s i t u a t i o n s covered by 21.8), wi th copyr igh t d a t e s on ly f o r t h e s e p a r a t e c o n t r i b u t i o n s ( o r f o r on ly some o f t h e c o n t r i b u t i o n s ) , t r e a t t hese copyr igh t d a t e s a s app ly ing t o t h e whole i t e m f o r t h e purpose o f applying 1.4F5 and 1.4F6. If t h e d a t e s va ry , cons ide r the l a t e s t d a t e t o app ly t o t h e whole i tem.

If a copyr igh t d a t e is being recorded, t r a n s c r i b e copyr ight d a t e s o t h e r than a phonogram copyr igh t d a t e preceded by a lowercase t r a n s c r i b e the phonogram copyr ight d a t e preceded by a lowercase np.n

1.6B1. [New]. Ques t ions have been r a i s e d about how two phrases used i n t h e r u l e should be judged. C lea r ly a common sense approach is asked f o r , n o t an a r b i t r a r y g u i d e l i n e . T i t l e s t h a t have l i t t l e meaning with- o u t t h e au thor o r emanating body, such a s "Report1' o r "Col lec ted works ," need the s t a t emen t o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r " b e t t e r i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f t h e series.!! The meaning o f nconjunct ion withw is simply c l o s e t o , r a t h e r than f a r a p a r t , aga in us ing common sense r a t h e r than an a r b i t r a r y g u i d e l i n e .

I n case o f doubt , omit t h e s ta tement o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t y .

m. Forms of notes. [ Rev. ]

When nonroman d a t a ( inc lud ing quo ta t ions ) a r e being recorded i n t h e n o t e a r e a , g i v e them i n romanized form i n a l l c a s e s , i nc lud ing those c a r d s t h a t con ta in nonromanized e lements i n t h e body o f t h e en t r y .

When a no te beg ins wi th a formal i n t r o d u c t o r y term such a s llcon- t e n t s , " " c r e d i t s , " o r nsummary,w do no t use a l l c a p s i n any c a s e ; in- s t e a d , use upper and lower case a s i l l u s t r a t e d i n AACR 2.

_1.769. Notes citing other editions and works. [Rev.]

The J o i n t S t e e r i n g Committee f o r Revision o f AACR has approved t h e fo l lowing a d d i t i o n a s t h e f i n a l paragraph under r u l e 1.7A4 i n t h e p r i n t e d t e x t o f AACR 2:

Motes relating to items reproduced. I n desc r ib ing an i tem which i s a r ep roduc t ion o f ano the r ( e .g . , a t e x t reproduced i n microform; a manu- s c r i p t reproduced i n book form; a s e t of maps reproduced a s s l i d e s ) , g i v e t h e n o t e s r e l a t i n g t o t h e reproduct ion and then t h e n o t e s r e l a t - i ng t o the o r i g i n a l . Combine the n o t e s r e l a t i n g t o the o r i g i n a l i n one no te , g i v i n g t h e d e t a i l s i n t h e o r d e r o f t h e a r e a s t o which they r e l a t e .

I n c i t i n g a s e r i a l i n a no te on a b ib l iog raph ic record f o r a s e r i a l , app ly LCRI 12.78. I n o t h e r s i t u a t i o n s , when c i t i n g another work o r another man i fe s t a t ion o f the same work, i n gene ra l g i v e the uniform t i t l e f o r t h e work i f one has been ass igned t o it. Otherwise, g i v e i ts t i t l e proper .

T r a n s l a t i o n o f : Odyssey. & Trans la t ion o f : Odysseia.

- Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 ! Fall 1983

I f t h e work being c i t e d is en te red under a name heading t h a t d i f z s r s from t h e main e n t r y heading on t h e work being ca t a loged , and t h e d i f f e r e n c e i s n o t appa ren t from informat ion given i n t h e body o f t h e e n t r y , add t h e name a f t e r t h e t i t l e (uniform t i t l e o r t i t l e p rope r ) . Use t h e name i n t h e form t h a t appea r s i n whatever source is a t hand. (For personal names, ap- proximate t h e form requ i red by 22.1-22.3 i f t h e r e i s no source a t hand o r i f t h e form i n t h e source a t hand i s u n s a t i s f a c t o r y f o r any reason. ) Sepa ra t e t h e name from t h e t i t l e by a space-slash-space.

Adaptation o f : Kipps / H.G. Wells.

Rev. ed. of : Guide t o r e f e r e n c e books / Constance M. Winchell . 8 t h ed . 1967.

Continues General ca ta logue o f p r i n t e d books. Five year supplement, 1966-1970 / B r i t i s h Museum.

When a r e v i s e d e d i t i o n ( o t h e r than a r ev i sed t r a n s l a t i o n , c f . 25.2B) of a work is being cata loged and

1) i t has a d i f f e r e n t t i t l e from t h a t o f t h e previous e d i t i o n , o r

2 ) i t has a d i f f e r e n t cho ice o f e n t r y from t h a t of t h e previous e d i t i o n ( f o r r easons o t h e r than t h e change t o AACR 2 ) , e.g. , 21.12B,

l i n k t h e new e d i t i o n wi th t h e immediately preceding e d i t i o n l / by us ing AACR 2 s t y l e f o r connect ing n o t e s on both AACR 2 and non-AACR 2 r eco rds .

1) T i t l e onlv . I f t h e t i t l e has changed s i n c e t h e previous e d i t i o n b u t t h e cho ice o f main e n t r y remains t h e same, make a n o t e on the record f o r t he l a t e r e d i t i o n t o l i n k i t t o t h e previous e d i t i o n . Also make a r e l a t e d work added e n t r y on t h e record f o r t h e l a t e r e d i t i o n t o l i n k it t o the e a r l i e r e d i t i o n . Add n e i t h e r t h e no te nor the added e n t r y on t h e record f o r t h e e a r l i e r e d i t i o n . Always make t h e added e n t r y on the record f o r t he l a t e r e d i t i o n according t o t h e AACR 2 cho ice and form o f e n t r y , a s we l l a s t h e AACR 2 form o f t h e t i t l e proper o r uniform t i t l e ( c f . LCRI 21.30G). (Note t h a t t h e phrase "choice o f main e n t r y remains t h e same" means t h a t bo th e d i t i o n s , i f ca t a loged according t o AACR 2 , would have the same cho ice o f main en t ry . )

The fol lowing p a t t e r n is suggested f o r t h e note :

Rev. [enl.'., updated, e t c . ] ed. o f : [ T i t l e proper. Ed i t ion s ta tement . Date].

Do no t i nc lude the p l ace o r name o f t h e pub l i she r i n such n o t e s u n l e s s needed f o r i d e n t i f i c a t i o n ( e .g . , t o d i s t i n g u i s h between two v e r s i o n s published i n the same y e a r ) .

Rev. ed . of : 33 1 /3 & 45 extended play record album p r i c e guide . 1 s t ed . c1977.

Rev. ed . o f : Spanish f o r h o s p i t a l personnel . 1974. 1 Note t h a t t h e wording o f t h e i n t r o d u c t o r y phrase may va ry depending on t h e s i t u a t i o n and t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n of t h e informat ion i n the t e x t .

--------------- l / 1 f t h e immediately preceding e d i t i o n i s n o t i n LC's c o l l e c t i o n s , make t h e connect ion t o t h e most r e c e n t e d i t i o n i n t h e c o l l e c t i o n . I f no pre- v ious e d i t i o n is i n LC, use any informat ion a v a i l a b l e i n t h e i tem being ca t a loged t o c o n s t r u c t a n o t e o r added e n t r y , b u t do no t o r d i n a r i l y do f u r t h e r r e sea rch t o e s t a b l i s h d e t a i l s about t h e e a r l i e r e d i t i o n .

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983 17

2) o f e n t r v w. I f t h e c h o i c e o f e n t r y h a s changed s i n c e t h e p r ev ious e d i t i o n , make a n o t e on t h e r eco rd f o r t h e l a t e r e d i t i o n t o l i n k i t t o t h e p r ev ious e d i t i o n . Also, make a r e l a t e d work added e n t r y i n t h e r e c o r d f o r t h e l a t e r e d i t i o n t o l i n k i t t o t h e e a r l i e r e d i t i o n . Do n o t make e i t h e r a n o t e o r an added e n t r y on t h e r e c o r d f o r t h e e a r l i e r e d i t i o n . Always make t h e added e n t r y i n t h e r eco rd f o r t h e l a t e r e d i t i o n according t o t h e c o r r e c t AACR 2 cho i ce o f e n t r y and form o f heading, a s we l l a s form c f t i t l e p rope r o r uniform t i t l e ( c f . LCRI 21.30G).

Use t h e form of n o t e sugges ted under 1 ) above, where t h e t i t l e changes o r remains t h e same, and add t h e f i r s t s t a t emen t o f r e spons i - b i l i t y .

Rev. ed . o f : Guide t o r e f e r e n c e books / Constance M. Winchell . 8 t h ed. 1967.

Note t h a t i f t h e new e d i t i o n h a s a d i f f e r e n t cho i ce o f e n t r y s o l e l y because o f t h e change i n c a t a l o g i n g r u l e s ( i . e . , t h e e a r l i e r e d i t i o n , i f r e c a t a l o g e d , would a l s o have t h e same cho ice o f e n t r y ) , do Q& make a n o t e o r an added e n t r y i n t h e r eco rd f o r t h e new e d i t i o n .

x e - 1 9 8 1 : Smith, John Henderson, comp. Readings i n American h i s t o r y ,

compiled by J. H. Smith . . . 1972

y e v . ed . . 1981: Readings i n American h i s t o r y / compiled by J. H. Smith. - Rev. ed . - ... 1981.

In t h e above examples, t h e c o r r e c t AACR 2 c h o i c e o f e n t r y f o r t h e 1972 e d i t i o n would be t h e same a s t h a t f o r t h e 1981 e d i t i o n , and t h e r e f o r e , t h e connec t ing n o t e and added e n t r y a r e n o t needed.

A n o t e may be e s s e n t i a l t o show a v a r i a t i o n from t h e c h i e f s o u r c e t i t l e appea r ing e lsewhere i n t h e i t em. Although t h e sou rce may c o n t a i n more than one t i t l e , r e co rd i n a n o t e o n l y t h e needed v a r i a n t t i t l e , n o t t i t l e s a l r e a d y g iven i n t h e d e s c r i p t i o n . (Always i n c l u d e i n t h e n o t e t h e sou rce o f t h e v a r i a n t . )

For l anguages t h a t have b i b l i o g r a p h i c c a r d s th& a r e n o t romanized, t h e L i b r a r y o f Congress obse rves t h e p r a c t i c e s d e t a i l e d . below.

1 ) m r i e s f i l e d . o r s u b f u e d . under DU~WO~ tit&. On b i b l i o - g r a p h i c c a r d s f o r which no uniform t i t l e i s a p p r o p r i a t e , e n t r i e s under a name heading show t h e romanized t i t l e proper p r i n t e d w i t h i n pa ren these s under t h e heading; t h e " T i t l e romanized" n o t e is omit ted . For i t e m s e n t e r e d under t i t l e p r o p e r , t h e romanized t i t l e proper i s enc losed w i t h i n p a r e n t h e s e s and p r i n t e d i n bo ld face a s a hanging i n d e n t i o n ; t h e nonroman i tem t i t l e a p p e a r s under t h i s a s a n o t h e r hanging i n d e n t i o n beginning on a s e p a r a t e l i n e . Except ion f o r w r i t i n g sys tems t h a t r e a d from r i g h t t o l e f t : Fo r t i t l e e n t r i e s t h e romanized t i t l e b e g i n s a t t h e l e f t margin , i . e . , where each nonroman l i n e i n t h e body o f t h e e n t r y ends ; t h e nonroman i tem t i t l e appea r s a s a hanging i n d e n t i o n beginning a t t h e r i g h t margin .

18 Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

2 ) E n t r i e s f u o r g v b f i u d e r u&form titk. For t h e b e n e f i t o f o t h e r l i b r a r i e s , c a r d s t h a t have a uniform t i t l e a l s o bea r a romaniza t ion of t h e t i t l e proper w i th in pa ren these s under t h e uniform t i t l e . The t i t l e i s t r a c e d e x p l i c i t l y i f an added e n t r y f o r i t i s be ing made ( c f . 21 , 305 ) . ( A romaniza t ion o f t h e t i t l e proper i s made even i f it i s i d e n t i c a l t o t h e uniform t i t l e .)

&&g: If t h e t i t l e be ing romanized beg ins w i th an a r t i c l e ( d e f i n i t e o r i n d e f i n i t e ) and is i n t h e nominat ive c a s e ( f o r i n f l e c t e d l anguages ) , omit i t i n a l l languages .

3) m a t h o f t i t l e romanizea

When romanizing a t i t l e p rope r , g e n e r a l l y romanize t h e whole t i t l e p rope r ( i n c l u d i n g an a 1 t e r n a t i v e t i t l e ) . However, 1.1B4 does p rov ide f o r a s h o r t e n i n g t echn ique , neces sa ry i n c a s e s o f lllongll t i t l e s . A lllongll t i t l e should be unders tood a s a t i t l e t h a t i s l l too long," w i th a more p r e c i s e unde r s t and ing o f t h i s ex t reme l e n g t h l e f t t o t h e judgment o f t h e c a t a l o g e r . Keep i n mind t h a t a g e n e r a l s h o r t e n i n g i s no t what t h e r u l e s u g g e s t s . Normally, a s a l r e a d y s t a t e d , romanize t h e e n t i r e t i t l e proper . The r u l e p rov ides a t e chn ique f o r u se a f t e r t h e c a t a l o g e r h a s f e l t a need f o r i t . Note t h a t i n app ly ing t h e t e chn ique , words omi t ted must a lways be a t t h e end, neve r b e f o r e t h e s i x t h word nor somewhere i n t h e midd le , and t h e p a r t preceding t h e omiss ion must be a phrase t h a t w i l l s t a n d a l o n e . Abridge t h e t i t l e romaniza t ion and t h e t r a n s c r i p t i o n o f t h e nonroman t i t l e proper t o t h e same e x t e n t . Show t h e omiss ion by t h e u s e o f t h r e e d o t s i n t h e body o f t h e e n t r y b u t n o t i n t h e t i t l e r oman iza t i on .

4 ) I t e m s wi thou t a collect-

I f t h e i t em l a c k s a c o l l e c t i v e t i l e , ramanize a l l t h e t i t l e s t o t h e ( f i r s t recorded p a r a l l e l t i t l e , o t h e r t i t l e i n fo rma t ion , o r s t a t emen t o f

/- r e s p o n s i b i l i t y , whichever occu r s f i r s t ( c f . LCRI 21.305) . (These pro- v i s i o n s a r e a p p l i c a b l e even i f no added e n t r y i s be ing made f o r t h e t i t l e o f t h e i t em and wi thou t r ega rd t o t h e uniform t i t l e t h a t may be a s s igned t o t h e r eco rd . )

5) Q r r e c t w d t i t l e s ( c f ,-1 .OF1

a ) S . l 1 I f t h e nonroman t i t l e be ing romanized has been c o r r e c t e d i n t h e nonroman t r a n - s c r i p t i o n by t h e l l [ i . e . ... 1" o r l l [ s ic ] l l t e chn ique , romanize t h e t i t l e i n t h i s form, i . e . , romanize t h e t i t l e t h a t a p p e a r s on t h e i t em and i n c l u d e lV1[i .e . . . . I t1 o r l l [ s i c ] .ll ( I f an added e n t r y i s needed, make one added e n t r y f o r t h e t i t l e romanized w i t h t h e l l [ i . e . . . . If1 o r v [ s i c ] l l

and ano the r added e n t r y f o r t h e romanized form of t h e t i t l e a s though it had appeared c o r r e c t l y . Trace t h e t i t l e s e x p l i c i t l y excep t t r a c e a s l lTi t le l t -per iod t h e t i t l e c o n t a i n i n g "[i .e . . . . ]11 o r l1[sicI1l when i t a p p e a r s w i t h i n p a r e n t h e s e s acco rd ing t o 2 ) above. )

b) u e s c o r r e c t e d bv b r a c k e t i n g missin-. I f t h e nonroman t i t l e be ing romanized has been c o r r e c t e d i n t h e nonroman t r a n s - c r i p t i o n by supp ly ing i n b r a c k e t s a mi s s ing l e t t e r o r l e t t e r s , romanize t h e t i t l e i n t h i s form, i . e . , romanize t h e t i t l e w i t h t h e b r a c k e t s and t h e supp l i ed l e t t e r o r l e t t e r s . ( I f an added e n t r y i s needed, make one added e n t r y f o r t h e t i t l e ronanized w i th t h e b r a c k e t s and t h e supp l i ed l e t t e r o r l e t t e r s and ano the r added e n t r y f o r t h e romanized form of t h e t i t l e a s i t a p p e a r s on t h e i tem. Trace t h e t i t l e s e x p l i c i t l y excep t t r a c e a s l lTi t le l l -per iod t h e t i t l e c o n t a i n i n g t h e b r a c k e t s and t h e sup- p l i e d l e t t e r o r l e t t e r s when i t appea r s w i t h i n pa ren these acco rd ing t o 2 ) above.)

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983 19

1 -7BE. Series. [Rev. 1 .' e

I When an untraced nonroman s c r i p t s e r i e s i s recorded i n a s e r i e s s t a t emen t on a nonromanized b i b l i o g r a p h i c c a r d , do no t g i v e a romani- z a t i o n o f t h e s e r i e s i n a n o t e .

With notes. [Rev. I . The Itwith" note is a p p r o p r i a t e on ly i n 1 t h e fo l lowing case : two o r more works i s sued independent ly have been subsequent ly placed toge the r under one cover o r comparable packaging. For two o r more works t h a t have been i s sued toge the r i n one cover o r o t h e r packaging, c r e a t e one b ib l iog raph ic r eco rd , app ly ing e i t h e r 1.1G o r 1.10.

For each i tem l i s t e d i n a "withw n o t e , g i v e the t i t l e proper ( o r uniform t i t l e i f one has been a s s i g n e d ) , t h e s ta tement of responsi - b i l i t y , and the e n t i r e p u b l i c a t i o n , d i s t r i b u t i o n , e t c . , a r e a . I f t h e r e a r e more than two works, c i t e a l l t h e o t h e r works i n t h e record f o r t h e first work; i n t h e r e c o r d s f o r succeeding works, c i t e on ly t h e f i r s t work. Use ISBD punctuat ion, except omit t h e period-spade-dash-space between a r e a s .

With: The Bostonian Ebenezer . Boston : Pr in ted by B. Green & J. Allen, f o r Samuel P h i l l i p s , 1698 - The c u r e o f sorrow. Boston : Pr in ted by B. Green, 1709. Bound toge the r subsequent t o p u b l i c a t i o n .

I f t h e works a r e too numerous t o be l i s t e d i n t h e "witht1 no te , make an informal no te such a s t h e fo l lowing: t

No. 3 i n a vo l . wi th b i n d e r ' s t i t l e : Brownist t r a c t s , 1599-1644.

?.7B1?. Dissertations. [Rev . I

I f i n c a t a l o g i n g a d i s s e r t a t i o n o r t h e s i s , t h e academic degree is no t e q u i v a l e n t t o vdoc to ra l l l o r l tmas te r t s ,m q u a l i f y " thes i s t t by whatever s t a t emen t is found on t h e i tem being ca t a loged .

Thes i s ( l i c e n c i a d o en derecho)-Universidad Nacional ~u t6noma de ~ 6 x i c 0 , 1945.

I n r eco rd ing t h e name o f t h e i n s t i t u t i o n i n a t h e s i s no te , g i v e i t i n t h e form found on the i tem. Add the name of t h e p l ace i n which t h e body i s l o c a t e d i f i t appea r s wi th t h e name o f t h e i n s t i t u t i o n . Use t h e we l l - e s t ab l i shed Engl ish form of t h e p l ace name i f t h e r e is one. ( I n case o f doubt about t h e Engvlish form, c o n s u l t x e b s t e r ' s New G e - . . $a1 D l c t i o n a r ~ .

Thes i s (Ph. D.)-Yale Un ive r s i ty , 1974. Thes i s ( d o c t o r a l ) - ~ n i v e r s i c a t zu Kgln, 1981. Karl Schmidt s t h e s i s ( d o c t o r a l ) -Ludwig-Maxi-

mi l i ans -Unive r s i t a t , Munich, 1965. O r i g i n a l l y presented a s t h e a u t h o r t s t h e s i s

(doctoral-Ruprecht-Karl-Universitst, Heidelberg , 1969) under t i t l e :

-h,gF1. Cancel ; covered by LCRI 1.4F5.

n Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

m. [Rev.]. For aud iov i sua l i t ems , g e n e r a l l y l ist persons ( o t h e r (than producers , d i r e c t o r s , and w r i t e r s ) o r c o r p o r a t e bodies who have . 1 con t r ibu ted t o the a r t i s t i c and t e c h n i c a l product ion o f a work i n a c r e d i t s no te ( s e e LCRI 7.1F1).

) Give t h e fo l lowing persons o r bod ies i n the o rde r i n which they a r e I l i s t e d below. Preface each name o r group o f names wi th t h e a p p r o p r i a t e term( s ) of func t ion .

photographer ( s) ; camera ; cameraman/men ; cinematographer animator( s ) a r t i s t ( s) ; i l l u s t r a t o r ( s ) ; graph ics film e d i t o r ( s ) ; photo e d i t o r ( s ) ; e d i t o r ( s ) n a r r a t o r ( s ) ; v o i c e ( s ) music c o n s u l t a n t ( s ) ; a d v i s e r ( s )

( Do no t inc lude t h e fo l lowing persons o r bodies performing t h e s e

f u n c t i o n s : I a s s i s t a n t s o r a s s o c i a t e s production s u p e r v i s o r s o r c o o r d i n a t o r s p r o j e c t o r execu t ive e d i t o r s t e c h n i c a l a d v i s e r s o r c o n s u l t a n t s audio o r sound eng inee r s w r i t e r s of d i s c u s s i o n , program, o r t e a c h e r ' s g u i d e s o t h e r persons o r bod ies making on ly a minor o r pu re ly

t e c h n i c a l c o n t r i b u t i o n

of P a r a l l e l

I f t h e c h i e f sou rce of a l a t e r i s s u e c o n t a i n s a p a r a l l e l t i t l e t h a t d id no t appear on t h e c h i e f sou rce o f t h e i s s u e on which t h e d e s c r i p t i o n is based and t h e same t i t l e proper appears on the c h i e f sou rce o f bo th i s s u e s , add t h e p a r a l l e l t i t l e i n a no te .

bodv of e n t r v : Etudes de l i t t i r a t u r e compar6e. - J u i l . 1954-

n o t e a r e s : Other t i t l e : S t u d i e s o f comparative l i t e r a t u r e , d6c. 1979-

(Do n o t cons ide r the t i t l e proper t o have changed a l though t h e a d d i t i o n of t h e t i t l e i n ano the r language o r s c r i p t would a f f e c t t h e cho ice o f t i t l e proper if t h e d e s c r i p t i o n were based on the l a t e r i s s u e , c f . LCRI 21.2A.)

al,isl. Definition. [Rev .I

Include i n t h e d e f i n i t i o n of a conference i n foo tno te 1 any named meeting t h a t i s en te red d i r e c t l y under i ts own name and any named meet- i ng t h a t i s en te red subord ina te ly t o a heading f o r a co rpora t e body.


When determining whether a conference has a name, c a s e s arise t h a t e x h i b i t c o n f l i c t i n g evidence i n s o f a r a s two o f t h e c r i t e r i a i n t h e d e f i - n i t i o n o f a co rpora t e body a r e concerned: c a p i t a l i z a t i o n and the d e f i - n i t e a r t i c l e . When t h e phrase i s i n a language t h a t normally c a p i t a l i - z e s each word of a name, even i n running t e x t , cons ide r a c a p i t a l i z e d phrase a name even i f i t is preceded by an i n d e f i n i t e a r t i c l e . (Th i s s t a t emen t cannot app ly t o o t h e r languages . )

m: In J u l y o f 1977 a Conference on Management . Techniques i n L i b r a r i e s was held . . . .

Jannamed: Late l a s t year t h e R e t a i l Manufacturers Associa t ion o f t h e Greater Houston a r e a sponsored t h e n a t i o n a l conference on l o s s e s by t h e f t a t t h e . . .

Another important po in t t o bear i n mind when dec id ing whether a phrase i s a name is t h a t t h e phrase must i nc lude a word t h a t connotes a meeting : !!symposium ," l lconferences, " "workshop ," "congress , l1 nco l lo - q ~ i u m , ~ ! e t c . (m: Some n o t a b l e s e q u e n t i a l confer.ences t h a t l a c k such a term a r e e x c e p t i o n a l l y considered t o be named, e .g . , Darmstzdter Ge sprzch . )

m: A symposium t i t l e nCoal Geology and the Future ,I1 sponsored by . . .

When a generic-term name o f a meeting d e s i g n a t e s a meeting Qf a body ( a s opposed t o one merely sponsored by a body), t h e meeting may be considered a s named, whether o r n o t t h e g e n e r i c term is s t rengthened by t h e name o r abbrev ia t ion o f t h e body. For example, !!annual meeting1! i n r e l a t i o n t o the Human Fac to r s Soc ie ty is named whether it appea r s a s

Annual Meeting QE. HFS Annual Meeting Annual Meeting of t h e Human Fac to r s Soc ie ty

X.B. I f such a meeting is one o f two o r more bodies , r e j e c t i ts desig- n a t i o n a s a name.

S i x t e e n t h annual United Kingdom C i v i l Avia t ion 1

I Authority/United S t a t e s Federal Avia t ion Adminis t ra t ion meeting i

I On t h e o t h e r hand, such generic-term des igna t ion f o r mores . I

meet ings a r e considered a s named on ly i f t h e name, t h e abbrev ia t ion o f [ t h e name, o r some o t h e r d i s t i n c t i v e noun o r a d j e c t i v e s t r eng thens t h e g e n e r i c term.

Symposium no. 95 = p o t ~ESQ& IAU Symposium no. 95 = named

Record wi th lower-casing s t a t emen t s on t h e c h i e f source t h a t g i v e t h e type o f des igna t ion r e j e c t e d a s names according t o t h i s paragraph.

N.2. Occasional ly i n t h i s c o n t e x t t he body is one o f t h e types t h a t '

t y p i c a l l y does i ts work i n s e s s i o n s o f i ts members ( i . e . , committees, commissions, o r s i m i l a r bod ies , such a s pane l s , t a s k f o r c e s , o r working

I groups ) . Do no t t r e a t d e s i g n a t i o n s o f t h e working s e s s i o n s of t h e s e bodies a s named, e .g . , llSeventh meeting of t h e Coordinating Committee f o r t h e Regional Engl ish Language Centre .ll

22 Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983 n>

1 If t h e meeting i s named according t o these c r i t e r i a , de termine t h e form o f t h e name according t o t h e a p p r o p r i a t e p rov i s ions o f c h a p t e r 2 4 , (e .g . , 24.7B; 24.13, type 3; 24.13, type 5 ) .

I n g e n e r a l , cons ide r named ad hoc even t s o f t h e t y p e s l i s t e d a t t h e t o p of page 285 t o be co rpora t e bod ies . However, f o r a r t e x h i b i t i o n s , t r e a t a s c o r p o r a t e bod ies only those t h a t r e c u r under t h e same name ( e .g . , Biennale d i Venezia , Documents) .

21,2A, Definition. [Rev]. Do no t cons ide r t h e t i t l e proper o f a s e r i a l t o have changed if

1) t h e change occur s beyond the f i r s t f i v e words

2) t h e change does no t change t h e meaning o f t h e t i t l e o r i n d i c a t e a change i n the scope ( s u b j e c t coverage) of t h e pub l i ca t ion a

3) t h e change might be e a s i l y overlooked by someone cons ide r ing both ( o r a l l ) m a n i f e s t a t i o n s of t h e t i t l e .

Discursos pronunciados por e l Comandante en J e f e F ide l Cast ro Ruz, Primer S e c r e t a r i o d e l Pa r t ido Comunistada Cuba y Primer Min i s t ro d e l Gobierno Revolucionar io , en e l t r i m e s t r e . . .

appeared l a t e r a s

Discursos pronunciados por e l Cornandan t e en J e f e F ide l Cast ro Ruz, Primer S e c r e t a r i o d e l cornit6 d e l Gobierno Revolucionar io , en e l t r i m e s t r e ...

I n any c a s e o f doubt a s t o whether t h e change meets a l l t h r e e of t h e c o n d i t i o n s g iven above, cons ide r t h a t t h e t i t l e proper changed.

I i n Order o f _wl T i t .

Whenever t h e t i t l e proper of a s e r i a l ( a s s e l e c t e d from the ear- l i e s t i s s u e ) con t inues t o appear on t h e c h i e f source o f l a t e r i s s u e s , r e t a i n it a s t h e t i t l e proper . Do no t cons ide r t h a t t he t i t l e proper has changed because l a t e r i s s u e s o f t h e s e r i a l g i v e t i t l e s i n more than one language o r s c r i p t i n a d i f f e r e n t o rde r from the o rde r on the ear- l i e s t i s s u e o r because l a t e r i s s u e s have a p a r a l l e l t i t l e t h a t d id no t appear on t h e e a r l i e s t i s s u e .

71 .30L. Series. [ Rev. 1

The J o i n t S t e e r i n g Committee f o r Revision of AACR has approved the d e l e t i o n of t h e s i x t h l i n e from t h e top of page 325 i n t h e p r in t ed t e x t o f AACR 2.

i o n D e c u

Apply t h e op t iona l p rov i s ion f o r adding the numeric, e t c . , des igna t ion o f t h e s e r i e s , i f p re sen t i n t h e i t em, i n t h e s e r i e s added e n t r y . Give i t i n t h e form e s t a b l i s h e d on the s e r i e s a u t h o r i t y r eco rd .

Ca t a log ing S e r v i c e B u l l e t i n , No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

Rule 21.30L c a l l s f o r making an added e n t r y under t h e heading f o r a . s e r i e s i f it p rov ides a u s e f u l c o l l o c a t i o n . Although " u s e f u l c o l l o c a t i o n v v i s n o t i t s e l f d e f i n e d , t h e r u l e d e s c r i b e s two c a t e g o r i e s o f s e r i e s f o r which added e n t r i e s a r e n o t cons ide red u s e f u l . The i n t e n t i o n o f t h i s r u l e , however, i s n o t t o r e q u i r e added e n t r i e s f o r a l l t y p e s o f s e r i e s excep t t h o s e e x p l i c i t l y excluded, b u t r a t h e r t o a l l o w i n d i v i d u a l i n s t i t u - t i o n s t o d e f i n e " u s e f u l c o l l o c a t i o n w i n ways a p p r o p r i a t e t o t h e i r co l - l e c t i o n s and u s e r s .

Following c l o s e l y t h e most r e c e n t p o l i c y under AACR 1, LC w i l l con- t i n u e t o r e s t r i c t t o some deg ree t h e c a t e g o r i e s o f monographic s e r i e s f o r which added e n t r i e s a r e g i v e n . Th i s d e c i s i o n is based on a ) t h e assumption t h a t c e r t a i n s e r i e s ax e o f r e l a t i v e l y l i t t l e importance i n pro-. v i d i n g r o u t i n e a c c e s s t o l i b r a r y m a t e r i a l s , and b) t h e o b j e c t i o n o f a number o f u s e r s o f LC c a t a l o g i n g p roduc t s t o producing a g r e a t q u a n t i t y o f expens ive and l i t t l e - u s e d s e r i e s added e n t r i e s f o r t h e i r a l r e a d y over- burdened c a r d c a t a l o g s . Accordingly t h e L ib ra ry w i l l adopt t h e guide- l i n e s s e t o u t below.

1 ) T race a l l s e r i e s i n t h e fo l l owing c a t e g o r i e s :

a ) t h o s e pub l i shed b e f o r e t h e 20 th c e n t u r y , i n c l u d i n g con- temporary r e p r i n t s of t h e same, w i thou t r e g a r d t o t h e t ype o f p u b l i s h e r ;

b) t h o s e e n t e r e d under a pe r sona l a u t h o r whether t h e s e a r e s e r i a l s o r m u l t i p a r t i t e m s , w i thou t r ega rd t o t h e t ype o f p u b l i s h e r ;

c ) t h o s e pub l i shed by any c o r p o r a t e body t h a t i s n o t a com- m e r c i a l p u b l i s h e r . (Fo r t h i s purpose , t r e a t a u n i v e r s i t y p r e s s a s a non- commercial p u b l i s h e r ) ;

n d) t hose publ i shed by sma l l o r " a l t e r n a t i v e v v p r e s s e s , i . e . ,

small p r i n t i n g / p u b l i s h i n g f i r m s t h a t , though commercial , a r e devoted t o s p e c i a l c auses o r t o b r anches of l i t e r a t u r e , u s u a l l y wi thout a mass aud i ence .

2 ) Do n o t t r a c e s e r i e s i n t h e fo l lowing c a t e g o r i e s :

a ) s e r i e s i n which t h e i t e m s a r e r e l a t e d t o each o t h e r on ly by common p h y s i c a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ;

b ) s e r i e s i n which t h e numbering s u g g e s t s t h a t t h e p a r t s have /

been numbered p r i m a r i l y f o r s t o c k c o n t r o l o r t o b e n e f i t from lower pos t age r a t e s ;

c ) s e r i e s publ i shed by a commercial p u b l i s h e r i n which t h e t i t l e i n d i c a t e s p r i m a r i l v a l i t e r a r y g e n r e , w i t h o r wi thout t h e name of t h e p u b l i s h e r . ( I f , however, t h e t i t l e i n c l u d e s words t h a t s i g n i f i c a n t l y nar row t h e focus o f t h e l i t e r a r y g e n r e o r t h a t i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e s e r i e s is in t ended f o r a s p e c i a l i z e d aud i ence ( e . g . , c h i l d r e n ) , i t i s no t p r i - m a r i l y i n d i c a t i v e o f l i t e r a r y g e n r e and should be t r a c e d ) ;

d ) s e r i e s pub l i shed by a commercial p u b l i s h e r i n which t h e t i t l e conveys l i t t l e o r no i n fo rma t ion about t h e c o n t e n t , g e n r e , audi - e n c e , o r purpose o f t h e works i n t h e s e r i e s .

,-

C a t a l o g i n g Se rv i ce B u l l e t i n , No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

3) Trace a l s o s e r i e s

a ) t h a t f a l l i n t o bo th c a t e g o r i e s 1 and 2 above;

b) i n s p e c i a l c a s e s i n which t h e c a t a l o g e r f e e l s t h a t a use- f u l c o l l o c a t i o n would be served by c r e a t i n g added e n t r i e s f o r t h e s e r i e s d e s p i t e t h e l a c k o f in fo rma t ive words i n t h e s e r i e s t i t l e ;

c ) i n any c a s e o f doubt .

If a s e r i e s e s t a b l i s h e d a f t e r January 1, 1981, p l e a r l v v i o l a t e s t h e i n t e n t i o n s o f t h e p resen t g u i d e l i n e s , change t h e s e r i e s a u t h o r i t y record t o r e f l e c t t h e s e p rov i s ions and c o r r e c t any b ib l iog raph ic r eco rds i n t h e MARC da t abase i n which t h e s e r i e s has been handled under t h e e a r l i e r d e c i s i o n .

Form of S e r i e s AddedEntrv Trac*

1 I f t h e s e r i e s recorded i n t h e s e r i e s a r e a o f t h e record is t o be I g iven an added e n t r y and t h e s e r i e s s t a t emen t and numbering/designation a r e i n e x a c t l y t h e same form a s t h e e s t a b l i s h e d s e r i e s heading and form of numbering/designation, t r a c e t h e s e r i e s wi th t h e word "Se r i e sw fo l -

llowed by a pe r iod . -: 1) I f t h e presence o f an i n i t i a l a r t i c l e I o r an ISSN is t h e on ly d i f f e r e n c e between t h e s e r i e s s t a t emen t , e t c . , and t h e e s t a b l i s h e d heading, t h e word "Se r i e sv and a per iod may still be used f o r t h e t r a c i n g ; no te t h a t i f t h e s u b s e r i e s begins wi th an a r t i c l e , t h i s excep t ion cannot apply . 2) For nonroman s c r i p t s r e p r e s e r t e d by both a nonromanized ca rd and a romanized machine-readable r eco rd , t h e s e r i e s w i l l be t r aced e x p l i c i t l y on each record i n a l l ca ses .

I f t h e r e is any d i f f e r e n c e between t h e s e r i e s s t a t emen t , e t c . , and t h e e s t a b l i s h e d form of t h e s e r i e s o t h e r than t h e two mentioned i n ex-

l cep t ion 1) above, t r a c e t h e s e r i e s e x p l i c i t l y , us ing t h e word "Ser ies" I followed by a colon and the e s t a b l i s h e d heading and numeration, i f any.

I f more than one s e r i e s is t o be given an added e n t r y , always t r a c e e x p l i c i t l y s e r i e s subsequent ly t o t h e f i r s t even i f t h e s e r i e s s t a t emen t s a r e i n t h e same form a s t h e heading f o r t h e s e r i e s .

I f a s e r i e s s t a t emen t f o r a t r aced s e r i e s c o n t a i n s two o r more numbers ( o r t h e p o t e n t i a l f o r two o r more numbers i n c a s e s o f open e n t r i e s ) , proceed a s fo l lows wi th r e s p e c t t o the numbering used i n t h e s e r i e s added e n t r y :

1) Record f o r i tem i s c losed o r i s bein-;

a ) Tyo o r B o r e n w b e r s and. t hev a r e a n s e c u t i v e . I f t h e s e r i e s s t a t emen t c o n t a i n s two o r more numbers r ep resen t ing consecu t ive i t ems i n t h e s e r i e s , record the numbering i n the t r a c i n g i n the same form a s i n t h e s e r i e s s t a t emen t .

b) Two o r more numbers thev a r e n o t congecut ive . I f t h e s e r i e s s t a t emen t c o n t a i n s two o r more numbers r ep resen t ing i t ems i n t h e s e r i e s t h a t a r e n o t consecu t ive , r eco rd i n the t r a c i n g only t h e f i r s t number, followed by "e t c . " (wi thout quo ta t ion marks and wi thout b r a c k e t s ) .

a ) F i r s t W e r is ~ e r m a n e n t , If t h e f i r s t number i s a permanent one, r eco rd i n t h e t r a c i n g t h a t number followed by "e t c . " (wi thout quo ta t ion marks and without b r a c k e t s ) whether subsequent numbers w i l l be consecu t ive o r n o t . When t h e r eco rd i s c losed , app ly t h e p rov i s ions g iven i n 1 above.


b) F i r s t number is no t ~ e r n a n a . I f t h e first number is n o t a permanent one, record t h e numbering i n t h e t r a c i n g i n t h e same form a s i n the s e r i e s s t a t emen t . When the f i r s t number becomes a v a i l a b l e , app ly t h e p rov i s ions g iven above i n paragraph 2 ) a ) above. When t h e record i s c l o s e d , app ly t h e p rov i s ions g iven i n 1) above.

( S e r i e s ; 13- ) S e r i e s ; 13, e t c . (mm a m )

( S e r i e s ; 13, <18>) S e r i e s ; 13, e t c . (-- sLQ&Si)

( S e r i e s ; -5)

( S e r i e s ; 13-(15))

( S e r i e s ; <18>)

( S e r i e s ; <3>-5)

S e r i e s ; -5. ( m i l first n e

z s c o r d 1s

S e r i e s ; 13, e t c . (mtil record

S e r i e s ; <18>

iLasUs4)

S e r i e s ; <3>-5. ( s r s t B _ a v a i l a h l P s record is c u )

2L.36C8. Records of one party. [New]

I n t e r p r e t t h e f i r s t sentence t o mean "Enter a b r i e f , p l e a , o r o t h e r formal record pr r e c m o f one p a r t y t o a case under the heading f o r t h a t pa r ty .ll

m. [Rev . I

onvent- Personal Name He-nns ;hn . . A c c e a m a m e Au t h o r i t v and B--&

a ) Name p o r t i o n o f heading

Per iodg. If the name o f a person c o n s i s t s of o r c o n t a i n s i n i t i a l s , i n s e r t a per iod a f t e r an i n i t i a l i f i t is c e r t a i n t h a t t h e l e t t e r is ari i n i t i a l . In case of doubt , do no t i n s e r t a pe r iod .

Eliot, T. S. H . D.

- C a t a l o g i n g Service B u l l e t i n , No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

I f t h e name c o n s i s t s of s e p a r a t e l e t t e r s t h a t a r e presumed no t t o be i n i t i a l s , om. d u d e pe r iods according t o t h e predominant usage of t h e person.

Saaces . I f t h e nane c o n t a i n s two o r more forenames r e - presented by i n i t i a l s , c o n s i s t s e n t i r e l y o f i n i t i a l s , o r c o n s i s t s en- t i r e l y o f s e p a r a t e l e t t e r s t h a t a r e n o t i n i t i a l s , l e a v e a s i n g l e space between t h e i n i t i a l s / l e t t e r s i n a l l c a s e s .

E l i o t , T. S. H. D. X Y Z

b) "Additions" t o name heading.

J e r i o d s . O m i t o r i nc lude pe r iods according t o t h e predominant usage o f t h e person ( o r t h e i r appearance i n r e f e r e n c e sources , i f a p p r o p r i a t e ) .

Saaceg. Do no t l e a v e spaces between s i n g l e i n i t i a l s / l e t t e r s .

Brown, G. B., F. I.P.S.

T r e a t an abbrev ia t ion c o n s i s t i n g of more than a s i n g l e l e t t e r a s i f i t were a d i s t i n c t word, s e p a r a t i n g it wi th a space from preceding and succeeding words o r i n i t i a l d l e t t e r s .

Brown, G. B., Ph. D.

e s w i th a o r t i o n s abbrev ia t ed o r miss- 2) l am . I f t h e personal name i s abbrev ia t ed (two o r more l e t t e r s p re sen t a s opposed t o a s i n g l e l e t t e r used a s an i n i t i a l ) o r i f a forename is miss ing from a name en te red under surname, do no t l e a v e open space a f t e r t h e abbrev ia t ion o r miss ing forename. I n s t e a d , i n s e r t , a s a p p r o p r i a t e ,

a comma and one space ;

Matos, &, 1943- & Matos, da , 1943-

Costa, Tor re s . & Costa, Torres .

Valmer, c a p i t a i n e . not Valmer, c a p i t a i n e .

Morrison, 1776-1815. -Morrison, 1776-1 81 5.

Mason, Mrs. Mason, Mrs.

a pe r iod ;

T i s s o t . got T i s s o t ,

Corpe le i jn , W. F. Th. not Corpe le i jn , W. F. Th

Junager , Sv . -Aa . not Junager, Sv -Aa

a per iod and one space ;

~ n s c h e d g , Ch. J. got ~ n s c h e d d , Ch J

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983 27 .

a p e r i o d , a comma, and one space ;

Jones, Th., 1910- n o t J o n e s , Th

G i i s ~ 1 . , ~l fonso . not C a l l e s LI

Dahlan Aman, Hohd., Haj i p& Dahlan Aman, Mohd

1910-

, Alfonso

, H a j i .

3 ) Names e n t e r e d under l a s t e lement o f m u l t i ~ l e e lement surnamg. When a name heading l a c k i n g any forename(s) i s e n t e r e d under t h e l a s t e l emen t o f a m u l t i p l e e lement surname and a r e f e r e n c e i s t r a c e d from t h e surname i n d i r e c t o r d e r , do n o t add a comma a f t e r t h e t r a c i n g .

Rosa, Ferreira da. F e r r e i r a da Rosa

Re fe r ence g e n e r a t e d from t r a c i n g :

Ferreira da Rosa s e a r c h under

Rosa, Ferreira da.

4 ) Surnames a l o n e b c l u d u ~ r e f i x e d ~ a r t i c l e s . I f a name heading c o n s i s t i n g e n t i r e l y o f one o r more surnames a l s o c o n t a i n s a s e p a r a t e l y w r i t t e n p r e f i x / p a r t i c l e , s e e i n s t r u c t i o n s i n LCRI 22.5D.

5 ) e. B' i r a Note t h a t t h e spac ing and punctu- a t i o n conven t i ons a p p l i e d t o pe r sona l names used i n a c c e s s p o i n t s d i f f e r from those used i n t h e d e s c r i p t i v e p o r t i o n o f a b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d ; f o r t h e l a t t e r , s e e LCRI 1.OC.

Rule A o ~ l i c a t a

I n de t e rmin ing t h e name by which a person is commonly known ''from t h e c h i e f s o u r c e s o f i n f o r m a t i o n o f works by t h a t person i s s u e d i n h i s o r h e r language ," i n c l u d e works i s s u e d bo th d u r i n g and a f t e r t h e p e r s o n ' s l i f e t i m e .

When t h e o n l y works i n t h e p e r s o n ' s language a r e v e r y e a r l y works, e . g . , 15 th-16th c e n t u r y , and t h e form o f name appea r ing i n them d i f f e r s from t h e form used i n modern r e f e r e n c e s o u r c e s i n t h e p e r s o n ' s l anguage , p r e f e r t h e l a t t e r .

T r e a t a music composer a s an a u t h o r and de t e rmine t h e name from t h e form found i n t h e c h i e f sou rce f o r t h e pub l i shed music . I f no form i n t h e pub l i shed music i s i n t h e composer 's l anguage , de t e rmine t h e name from r e f e r e n c e s o u r c e s o f t h e composer ' s c o u n t r y of r e s i d e n c e o r a c t i - v i t y . If t h e name i s n o t l i s t e d i n t h e s e r e f e r e n c e s o u r c e s , u s e t h e name found i n t h e pub l i shed music .

[N.B. The fo l l owing e x p l a n a t i o n and d i r e c t i o n does n o t a p p l y t o a u t h o r s w r i t i n g i n Po r tuguese ( c f . LCRI 22.5C4).] When a person known p r i m a r i l y a s an a u t h o r is be ing e s t a b l i s h e d a s a main o r added e n t r y and t h e c h i e f s o u r c e shows t h e name w i thou t forenames o r forename i n i t i a l s , s e a r c h b r i e f l y t o s e e i f t h e r e a r e o t h e r p u b l i c a t i o n s t h a t cou ld be c a l l e d h i s o r h e r works. I f t h e s e a r c h i s s u c c e s s f u l , use t h e form , t h a t a p p e a r s most f r e q u e n t l y i n t h e p e r s o n ' s works. Otherwise , c r e a t e t h e AACR 2 form f o r t h e person under surname w i thou t o t h e r names a s i t ap- p e a r s i n t h e i t em be ing c a t a l o g e d . Note t h e e f f e c t o f 22.3A and t h e L C R I , however: i t may b e n e c e s s a r y t o change t h e heading i f subsequen t l y r e c e i v e d i t e m s show a n o t h e r form used more f r e q u e n t l y .


For nonwr i t e r s ( s c u l p t o r s , p a i n t e r s , i l l u s t r a t o r s , and people who appear on ly a s s u b j e c t s ) , cons ide r works "by" o r about t h e person wi th in t h e scope o f ' ' re ference sources ," a s mentioned i n foo tno te 1. Note t h a t t h e s e sources must be i s sued i n t h e person 's language o r i n t h e language o f h i s / h e r coun t ry o f r e s idence o r a c t i v i t y .

vvConventional r e f e r e n c e sources" is used he re t o r e f e r t o encyclo- ped ias and such t o o l s , whi le "o the r r e f e r e n c e sources" is used t o r e f e r t o any type of source o t h e r than convent ional r e f e r e n c e sources ( t h e s e o t h e r sources a r e t y p i c a l l y works by and about t h e person) . The reason f o r making t h i s d i s t i n c t i o n is t h a t t h e nex t problem d e a l t wi th a r i s e s from having encountered a number o f c a s e s i n which one form of name is c o n s i s t e n t l y shown i n t h e convent ional r e f e r e n c e sources , while another form a s c o n s i s t e n t l y appea r s i n o t h e r r e f e r e n c e sources . A t such a t ime p r e f e r t h e more t r u l y "soughtn form according t o t h e c a t a l o g e r ' s know- l edge o f t h e person and the c a t a l o g e r ' s judgment o f t h e sources i n t h e p a r t i c u l a r case .

If t h e person being e s t a b l i s h e d is n o t an au thor o r no t known p r i - m a r i l y a s an au thor and t h e on ly source f o r t h e person 's name is t h e i tem being ca t a loged , use the f u l l e s t form found anywhere i n t h e i tem whenever t h e name v a r i e s i n f u l l n e s s . I f t h e i tem g i v e s both a nickname and a r e a l name, use t h e r e a l name.

Trea t persons involved i n t h e g raph ic a s p e c t s o f ca r tog raph ic mat- e r i a l s a s nonwr i t e r s (e .g . , ca r tog raphe r s , engrave r s ) .

For persons known by on ly a phrase o r o t h e r a p p e l l a t i o n t h a t does no t c o n t a i n a r e a l name ( c f . 22.11), use t h e form found i n English-language r e f e r e n c e sources i f t h e phrase , e t c . , was n o t used by t h e person b u t was ass igned t o t h e person by s c h o l a r s l a t e r .

I f t h e name s e l e c t e d f o r t h e heading f o r a person known p r i m a r i l y a s an a u t h o r c o n t a i n s a name rep resen ted by an abbrev ia t ion r a t h e r than by an i n i t i a l , use i n the heading t h e name f o r which t h e abbrev ia t ion s t a n d s provided t h e abbrev ia t ion i n v a r i a b l y s t a n d s f o r one unambiguous name o r t h e f u l l form of t h e name f o r t h e p a r t i c u l a r person is a v a i l a b l e a t t he time t h e heading is e s t a b l i s h e d .

Brownridge, W i l l i a m Brownridge, Wm. (William)

~ e r n h d e z - ~ i v e r a ~arcia, Manuela && Fdez .-Rivera Garcia , Manuela

Hohd. Taib Oman

27.5C7 Preferred or established form known. [Rev. 1

I f a Spanish-language au thor a b b r e v i a t e s t h e f i r s t o f t h e two su r - names ( t h e normal e n t r y e l emen t ) , cons ide r t h a t t h i s i s an i n d i c a t i o n o f t h e person 's p re fe rence .

game used: Luis G. de Valdeavellano f u l l ame: Luis Garcia d e Valdeavellano AACR fo rq : Valdeavellano, Luis G. d e ( L u i s Garcia), I


22.158. [Rev.] e

I f t h e person uses on ly h i s o r he r surname o r on ly a term of ad- d r e s s , e t c . , and a surname, e s t a b l i s h t h e surname wi thout forename(s) a s the heading. (However, s e e 22.6 f o r persons of n o b i l i t y who do no t use a forename and a r e en te red under t h e t i t l e o f n o b i l i t y . )

used: DIAmbrosio (His~farenames. J o s e ~ h J. . a r e k-) a: DrAmbrosio

See LCRI 22.5D f o r g u i d e l i n e s f o r t h e t r ea tmen t of p r e f i x e s / p a r t i - c l e s ( a r t i c l e s and p r e p o s i t i o n s ) i n such headings and a s soc ia t ed c r o s s r e f e r e n c e s .

Rule 22.15A1 cover ing names c o n s i s t i n g only o f a surname p lus an a s s o c i a t e d word o r phrase , a c t u a l l y inc ludes two q u i t e d i s t i n c t t ypes o f name :

1 ) Names e s t a b l i s h e d because of a r e g u l a r p r a c t i c e of us ing only t h e surname wi th a term o f addres s i n s t a t emen t s o f r e s p o n s i b i l i t y on t h e c h i e f sou rce . Th i s was a normal p r a c t i c e i n the 18th and e a r l y 19th c e n t u r i e s and is an in f r equen t though not unusual p r a c t i c e today i n some languages ( e .g . , abbe Deid i e r .

2) "Phrasew headings c o n s i s t i n g of a surname and an a s soc ia t ed word o r phrase . Most such headings a r e pseudonyms o r assumed names ( e .g . , D r . Seuss , Miss Read, Grandma Moses) .

Genera l ly make a c r o s s r e fe rence from t h e d i r e c t form only f o r names i n t h e second ca t egory .

2-. DATES. [Rev. 1. Apply t h e o p t i o n a l p rov i s ion . Th i s means adding a d a t e whenever i t i s known.

u: Do no t add the d a t e t o an e x i s t i n g heading f a l l i n g i n t o e i t h e r of t h e fo l lowing c a t e g o r i e s :

1 ) The name a u t h o r i t y record f o r i t has a l r e a d y been coded "AACR 2" o r "AACR 2 compatible ."

2) The heading is rep resen ted by an a c c e s s po in t on an e x i s t i n g b i b l i o g r a p h i c record i n t h e c a t a l o g ( i . e . , t h e f i l e a g a i n s t which t h e ca t a log ing and sea rch ing is done) and is otherwise i n accord wi th c u r r e n t po l i cy . However, i f such a heading must be r ev i sed l a t e r , add t h e d a t e . Do n o t do s p e c i a l s ea rch ing , however, i f t h e r e is no c o n f l i c t .

I For persons l i v i n g i n t h e t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y , t h e d a t e should be a

p r e c i s e one. S p e c i f i c a l l y , add t h e d a t e t o headings f o r t h e s e persons only i f i t f a l l s i n t o any o f t h e fo l lowing c a t e g o r i e s :

1 ) t h e person is s t i l l l i v i n g and the year of b i r t h is known ("1900- "

2) t h e person i s no longe r l i v i n g and the y e a r s o f b i r t h and dea th a r e known ("1900-1981")

3) t he person i s no longe r l i v i n g and only t h e year of b i r t h i s known ("b. 1900")

3 0 C a t a l o g i n g Se rv i ce B u l l e t i n , No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

4) t h e person is no l o n g e r l i v i n g and on ly t h e yea r o f d e a t h i s known ("d. 19811').

&&: I f a d a t e i n one o f t h e s e c a t e g o r i e s i s a v a i l a b l e on ly i n a non-Gregorian y e a r , add t h e Gregor ian yea r t o t h e heading on ly i f t h e Gregor ian yea r is c e r t a i n .

For p r e - twen t i e th c e n t u r y pe r sons , l e s s p r e c i s e d a t e s may be used. Consul t t h e examples under 22.18 f o r a gu ide . Note one d e t a i l about t h e

I use o f " f l . " d a t e s : u s e a span o f y e a r s o r use a s i n g l e yea r a f t e r " f l . l l o n l y i f t h e d a t e ( s ) a r e found i n t h i s form i n a r e f e r e n c e sou rce ( c f .

I 22.1B, f o o t n o t e 1 ) .

32-18-22 .a. ADDITIONS TO DISTINGUISH IDENTICAL NAMES. [ Rev . ] . I f a pe r sona l name heading c o n f l i c t s w i t h ano the r heading, r e s o l v e t h e con- f l i c t a s fo l l ows :

1) Add t o t h e heading be ing e s t a b l i s h e d

a ) t h e f u l l form o f a name r e p r e s e n t e d by an i n i t i a l i n t h e form chosen f o r t h e heading i f t h e f u l l form is a v a i l a b l e i n t h e i tem be ing c a t a l o g e d (22 .16) ;

e s t a b l i s h e d headirlg: Jacksan, A. new a u t h o r : A. Jackson

(New a u t h o r ' s f u l l name. Arnold E l rod Jackson. i s d l a b l e )

headina f o r t h e new a u t h o r : Jackson, A. (Arnold)

b) t h e d a t e (22 .18) ; do n o t go beyond making a r o u t i n e t e l e - phone c a l l t o a p l a c e w i t h i n t h e c o n t i n e n t a l U.S. o r s ea rch ing t h e Cata- l o g e r s l Reference C o l l e c t i o n t o de t e rmine t h e d a t e ;

e s t a b l i s h e d h e a d i w : Brue, James E, new a u t ? : James E. Brue

(New a u t h o r ' s b i r t h a t e . 1947. i s a v a i l a b k ) -a f o r t h e new a u t m : Brue, James E., 1942-

&&g: 1) I f b o t h t h e f u l l form r ep re sen t ed by an i n i t i a l and a d a t e a r e a v a i l a b l e , add both . 2 ) Do n o t add "fl . ' l d a t e s t o headings f o r persons l i v i n g i n t h e t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y even i f t h e name c o n f l i c t s . 3) Add a s i n g l e l l f l . l l d a t e t o headings f o r p r e - twen t i e th c e n t u r y pe r sons o n l y if

I t h e d a t e i s found i n a r e f e r e n c e sou rce . 4) Add a span o f f l o u r i s h i n g d a t e s t o head ings f o r p r e - twen t i e th c e n t u r y pe r sons even i f t h e d a t e s a r e i n f e r r e d from a v a i l a b l e evidence .

I c ) a term of a d d r e s s , e t c . , t h a t appea r s w i th t h e name i n a prominent sou rce ( c f . 0.8) i n i t e m s by t h e person o r w i th t h e name i n head ings i n r e f e r e n c e s o u r c e s (22.19B);

Note: I f e i t h e r t h e f u l l form of a name r ep re sen t ed i n t h e heading by an i n i t i a l o r a d a t e becomes a v a i l a b l e l a t e r ( o r bo th become a v a i l - a b l e ) , do n o t change t h e e x i s t i n g heading j u s t t o r e p l a c e t h e term of a d d r e s s , e t c .

Cata log ing Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

d) a fo r enane o r surname o r t h e i n i t i a l s o f a forename o r sur - name n o t r e p r e s e n t e d by an i n i t i a l i n t h e form o f name chosen f o r t h e heading ;

e s t a b l i s h e d headigg: Clapper, John new a u t h o r : John Clapper

(,New a u t h o r ' s f u l l name. John Samuel C l a ~ ~ e r . ig a v a i l a b l g )

a d i n n f o r t h e new a u m : Clapper, John (John Samuel)

l i s h e d w: Gelfund, David new a u t m : David Gelfund

(Jew a u t h o r ' s f u l l name. David A . G e m n d . ig m l a b l e l

l n a f o r w t h o r : Gelfund, David (David A.)

ablis-: Smith, Elizabeth Dew authoy: E l i z a b e t h Smith

(New a u t h o r ' s f u l l name. Ann E u z a b e t h Smith. i g a x a i l a b l e )

beadU2gfor t h e new a m r : Smith, Elizabeth (Ann Elizabeth)

g g t a b l i s h e d head-: Oliver, Joan aew a u t u : Joan O l ive r

( - N n L h , g r v s f u l l n a w . Joan O l i v e r &&?dom&nech. Ls ava iLab le )

h g a d i n ~ f o r t h e new au tho r : Oliver, Joan (Oliver i PuigdoaaBnech)

u b l i s h e d heading: Jones, Mrs. w a u t h o r : Mrs. Jones

(New a u t h o r ' s f o r e a e s . El& Ger t rude . a r e a v a u - ahle)

b a d i n a f o r t h e new a u t h a : Jones, Mrs. ( E l l a m Ger t rude )

m: I f t h e f u l l form of a name r e p r e s e n t e d i n t h e heading by a n i n i t i a l o r a d a t e o r a term o f a d d r e s s , e t c . , becomes a v a i l a b l e l a t e r , do n o t change t h e e x i s t i n g heading j u s t t o r e p l a c e t h e unused forename o r unused surname.

, e ) a f u l l forename when t h e forename chosen f o r t h e heading i s a nickname.

: Jorgen, Dick. new a u t h o r : Dick Jorgen

(New a u t h o r ' s f u l l w e . Richard C l a r k Jo raen . hg a v a i l a b l e )

h e a d i n n f o r t h e new a u t h o r : Jorgen, Dick (Richard Clark)

Note: I f t h e f u l l form of name r e p r e s e n t e d i n t h e heading by an i n i t i a l , o r a d a t e , o r a 22.19B term of a d d r e s s , e t c . , becomes a v a i l a b l e l a t e r , do n o t change t h e e x i s t i n g heading j u s t t o r e p l a c e t h e unused f u l l forename .

2) Change t h e e s t a b l i s h e d heading acco rd ing t o t h e o r d e r o f pre- f e r e n c e g iven i n 1) above.

3) Apply 22.20.

Note: I f t h e f u l l form of a name r ep re sen t ed by an i n i t i a l i n t h e heading o r a d a t e o r a term o f a d d r e s s , e t c . , becomes a v a i l a b l e l a t e r f o r one o f t h e s e names, e s t a b l i s h t h i s name s e p a r a t e l y . (Do n o t e s t a b l i s h

-. Cata log ing Se rv i ce B u l l e t i n , No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

surname ed f u l l forename one o f t h e s e names s e p a r a t e l y i f on ly an unused forename o r unused forename i n i t i a l oi becomes a v a i l a b l e l a t e r . )

m. USE OF URIFORM TIRES. [New]

t l e s Entered Under Name H e a w

1 Pre-AACR 2 forms of uniform t i t l e s on machine c a t a l o g b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s w i l l be updated t o t h e i r AACR 2 forms i n t h e forthcoming b ib l io - g raph ic f l i p o f t h e d a t a base wherever t h e pre-AACR 2 uniform t i t l e appea r s a s a v a l i d l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e on a name a u t h o r i t y record f o r t h e uniform t i t l e . (See LCRI 26 f o r t h e s i t u a t i o n s i n which a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e can be made f o r a uniform t i t l e . ) For a pre-AACR 2 uniform t i t l e n o t covered by a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e , t h e update t o i ts AACR 2 form w i l l be done by i n d i v i d u a l change r e q u e s t s t o each pre-AACR 2 b ib l io - g r a p h i c record on which t h e uniform t i t l e appears .

Therefore , when a s s ign ing a uniform t i t l e t o a newly cata loged i tem, sea rch t h e d a t a base t o v e r i f y t h a t t h i s p a r t i c u l a r uniform t i t l e has been formulated i n accord wi th c u r r e n t po l i cy on e x i s t i n g MARC b i b l i o - g raph ic r eco rds . I n i t i a t e a change r eques t f o r a b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rd t h a t does n o t r e f l e c t c u r r e n t p o l i c y on uniform t i t l e s i f t h e record f a l l s i n t o one o f t h e c a t e g o r i e s l i s t e d below. (Note: Although a uniform t i t l e may no t need t o be ass igned t o t h e i tem being ca t a loged ( c f . LCRI 25.2A), o t h e r e d i t i o n s of t h e i tem a l r e a d y i n t h e f i l e may show a uniform t i t l e ; t h e s e e x i s t i n g uniform t i t l e s may need t o be changed i f t hey f a l l i n t o one o f t h e c a t e g o r i e s l i s t e d below.)

1 ) I f t h e uniform t i t l e p e r t a i n i n g t o t h e i tem being ca t a loged is f o r a s i n g l e work, change the e x i s t i n g b ib l iog raph ic r eco rds t h a t p e r t a i n t o t h e "basicl1 uniform t i t l e , i .e. , wi thout language, p a r t , o r o t h e r subd iv i s ions . I f t h e uniform t i t l e p e r t a i n i n g t o the i tem being ca t a - loged c o n t a i n s a subd iv i s ion o f t h e b a s i c uniform t i t l e , change t h e b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rds t h a t p e r t a i n t o t h e same subd iv i s ion . ( E x i s t i n g b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rds f o r o t h e r subd iv i s ions w i l l be changed when t h e s e subd iv i s ions a r e needed i n new ca ta log ing . )

2 ) I f t h e uniform t i t l e p e r t a i n i n g t o t h e i tem being ca t a loged is f o r t h e c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e I1Worksw o r selection^^^ p lus any o f its s u b d i v i s i o n s ( e . g . , d a t e , l anguage ) , change a l l t h e e x i s t i n g b i b l i o - g raph ic r eco rds t o r e f l e c t c u r r e n t po l i cy on these two c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e s (LCRI 25.8-25.9).

3) I f t h e i tem being cata loged p e r t a i n s t o a c o l l e c t i o n o f t h r e e o r more works i n one p a r t i c u l a r form, change a l l t h e e x i s t i n g b i b l i o - g raph ic r eco rds p e r t a i n i n g t o c o l l e c t i o n s i n t h i s p a r t i c u l a r form t o r e f l e c t c u r r e n t po l i cy on works i n a s i n g l e form (LCRI 25.10).

4) Make changes t o uniform t i t l e s t h a t appear i n a l l access p o i n t s except s e r i e s , i . e . , main e n t r i e s , added e n t r i e s , and s u b j e c t e n t r i e s .

5 ) Make even "smalln c o r r e c t i o n s t o b r i n g the uniform t i t l e s i n t o agreement wi th c u r r e n t p r a c t i c e , e .g . , d e l e t e i n i t i a l a r t i c l e s , change the connec t ive between m u l t i p l e languages from ltandW t o "& ."

6) When changing o r adding a uniform t i t l e t o an e x i s t i n g b i b l i o - g raph ic r eco rd , g i v e the name heading por t ion i n i ts c o r r e c t AACR 2 form even i f a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e from t h e pre-AACR 2 form i s t r aced on t h e name a u t h o r i t y record f o r t h e name heading. Do n o t update o t h e r name headings on t h e same b i b l i o g r a p h i c record and do no t update t h e name headings being handled on b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rds f o r o t h e r works i n t h e d a t a base .

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983 3 3

7) Change e x i s t i n g uniform t i t l e name a u t h o r i t y r eco rds t o r e f l e c t t h e r ev i sed b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rds . Adjust o r d e l e t e i n v a l i d r e f e r e n c e s bu t add only r e f e r e n c e s t h a t p e r t a i n t o the i tem being ca t a loged . Create a name a u t h o r i t y r eco rd f o r a uniform t i t l e only f o r t h e i tem being ca t a - loged and only i f one is needed according t o c u r r e n t p r a c t i c e . On these name a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d s , t r a c e a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e i f one i s a p p r o p r i a t e according t o LCRI 26. (Do no t c r e a t e a name a u t h o r i t y record s o l e l y t o t r a c e a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e . )

m. COMPLETE WORKS. [Rev.]. (Formerly 25.8-25.9 and 25.8)

I The c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e s llWorksl' is used f r e q u e n t l y enough t o I make it a d v i s a b l e t o use a d d i t i o n s f o r t h e purposes of making these co l - l e c t i v e t i t l e s d i s t i n c t , o f i n s u r i n g t h a t t r a n s l a t i o n s f i l e a f t e r edi - t i o n s i n the o r i g i n a l language, and of d i s t i n g u i s h i n g between two o r more e d i t i o n s publ ished i n t h e same year . To achieve t h e s e o b j e c t i v e s , app ly

1 t he fo l lowing when us ing "Worksw : I

1) When an i tem is first ca ta loged , add t h e d a t e o f p u b l i c a t i o n of t h e e d i t i o n a t t h e end o f t h e uniform t i t l e . ( I f a m u l t i p a r t i tem i s incomplete , g i v e the e a r l i e s t known d a t e . I f an i tem being added t o the s e t was publ ished e a r l i e r than t h e d a t e g iven i n t h e uniform t i t l e , do no change t h e d a t e i n the uniform t i t l e u n t i l t he s e t i s complete .) Give t h e d a t e i n t h e form it would have i n an a n a l y t i c a l added e n t r y ( c f . LCRI 21.30M). Add the d a t e i n a l l ca ses , i nc lud ing t r a n s l a t i o n s . When making a r e f e r e n c e from t h e t i t l e proper o f t h e i tem (25.2D21, add t h e d a t e a t t he end of t h e t i t l e proper i n a l l ca ses .

If two e d i t i o n s bea r t h e same pub l i ca t ion d a t e a i t becomes neces- s a r y t o r e f e r t o a p a r t i c u l a r e d i t i o n i n a secondary e n t r y , add t h e pub- l i s h e r ' s name a f t e r t he p u b l i c a t i o n d a t e i n the most s u c c i n c t but i n t e l - l i g i b l e form. Make t h i s a d d i t i o n t o t h e uniform t i t l e o f t h e e d i t i o n ( s ) needing t o be d i s t i n g u i s h e d f o r secondary e n t r y . Make changes t o e x i s t - i n g r e c o r d s a s a p p r o p r i a t e t o i n s u r e t h a t a l l i t e r a t i o n s o f a p a r t i c u l a r t i t l e , i nc lud ing those on s e r i e s a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d s , a r e the same. I f d i f f e r e n t e d i t i o n s a r e publ ished i n t h e same yea r by t h e same p u b l i s h e r , add an appropr i a t e q u a l i f i c a t i o n t o t h e p u b l i s h e r ' s name.

The fol lowing t i t l e s i l l u s t r a t e t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e s e g u i d e l i n e s :

[Works. 1902 I [Works. 1904 I [Works. 1904. Lovel l ]

l o a r a ~ h l c r eco rd ) [Works. 1904. Lovel l ]

( p r i e s a u t h o r i t v record) Works. 1904. Lovel l ; v. 1. ( s e r i e s added e n t r v ) Works. 1904. Lovel l ; v.2.

( m e s added e n t r v ) [Works. 1904. Lovel l (Eldorado Ed.)]

( B i b l i w h i c r eco rd ) [Works. 1904. Lovel l (Eldorado Ed.)]

( s e r e 3 a u t k r i t v r eco rd ) Works. 1904. Lovel l (Eldorado Ed.) ; v. 1

( s e r i e s added e n t r y ) [Works. 19201 [Works. 19301

(b ib l ioa rawhic r eco rd ) [Works. 19301

( s e r i e s a u t h o r i t v r eco rd ) Works. 1930 ; v. 2.

( g e r i e s added e n t r v ) [Works. 19691

C a t a l o g i n g S e r v i c e B u l l e t i n , No. 22 / Fall 1983

- [Works. German. 19111 [Works. German. 19221

( b i b l i o a r a ~ h i c r eco rd ) [Works. German. 19221

(j&&ioaraDhic record) [Works. German. 19221

( ~ r i e s a u t h o r i t v r eco rd ) Works. German. 1922 ; Bd. 1.

( ~ e r i e s added e n t u ) [Works. German. 1924. Propylaen] . ( J i b l M r a D h i c r eco rd ) [Works. German. 1924. Propylaen]

( a e r i e s ~ u t h o r i t v r e c d ) Works. German. 1924. Propylaen ; Bd. 1.

( s r i e s added e m ) [Works. German. 1924. ~ a s l ]

( b i b 1 i o n r a ~ h i c -record) [Works. German. 1924. Rosl]

( S e r i e s a u t h o r i t v r eco rd ) [Works. German. 1924. Rosl ; Bd. 2.

( s e r i e s a d d e d _ e n t r v ) [Works. German. 19661 . [Works. Portuguese. 19441 [Works. Spanish. 19721

I f a person has w r i t t e n both musical and l i t e r a r y works, app ly t h e fo l lowing:

1) I f t h e person is p r imar i ly a composer, use t h e uniform t i t l e "Workstt

a ) f o r e d i t i o n s con ta in ing t h e complete musical and l i t e r a r y works.

b) f o r e d i t i o n s con ta in ing the complete musical works.

(For complete c o l l e c t i o n s o f t h e l i t e r a r y works a l o n e , use t h e uniform t i t l e " L i t e r a r y works." For p a r t i a l c o l l e c t i o n s o f t h e l i t e r a r y works, s ee LCRI 25.10.)

2) I f t h e person is p r imar i ly a w r i t e r , use t h e uniform t i t l e nWorks.

a ) f o r e d i t i o n s con ta in ing the complete l i t e r a r y and musical works ;

b) f o r e d i t i o n s con ta in ing t h e complete l i t e r a r y works.

(For complete c o l l e c t i o n s o f t h e musical works a lone , use t h e uniform I t i t l e "Musical works." For p a r t i a l c o l l e c t i o n s o f t h e musical. works, s e e L C R I 25.10.)

229. SELECTIONS. [ Rev -1

When us ing the c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e w S e l e c t i o n s , w make t h e same a d d i t i o n s t h a t a r e a p p l i c a b l e when us ing t h e c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e "Worksw (LCRI 25.8). ( E x c ~ D ~ ~ o Q : Do no t make these a d d i t i o n s when app ly ing 25.35.)

For p a r t i a l c o l l e c t i o n s of works by an au thor who w r i t e s i n on ly one form, app ly t h e p rov i s ions of LCRI 25.10 t o determine i f a uniform t i t l e is needed ; i f a uniform t i t l e is needed, use wSelect ions . l t

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983 - - 3 5

For p a r t i a l c o l l e c t i o n s of w ~ r k s by a person who has w r i t t e n both (musical and l i t e r a r y works, s ee LCRI 25.10. I

25.10. WORKS IN A SINGLE FORM. [Rev.]. For c o l l e c t i o n s covered by 25.10, use a c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e on ly i n t h e fo l lowing s i t u a t i o n s :

1 ) t he t i t l e proper of t h e c o l l e c t i o n i s i n d i s t i n c t i v e ; 2) t h e c o l l e c t i o n l a c k s a c o l l e c t i v e t i t l e proper (1.1G).

Faulkner, W i l l i a m , 1897-1962. [Shor t s t o r i e s . S e l e c t i o n s ] Uncollected s t o r i e s o f William Faulkner

James, Henry, 1843-1916. [Shor t s t o r i e s . S e l e c t i o n s ] The au thor of B e l t g r a f f i o ; Pandora : Georginnavs

r easons ; The path o f duty ; Four meet ings

I n a l l o the r c a s e s o f a c o l l e c t i o n o f works i n a s i n g l e form, t r e a t t h e i tem a s though i t were a s i n g l e work. (Th i s means d i s r ega rd ing t h e wording of t h e o t h e r t i t l e i n fo rma t ion , p a r a l l e l t i t l e , e t c . , t h a t i n d i - c a t e s t h a t t h e i tem i s a c o l l e c t i o n and ignor ing t h e f a c t t h a t t h e t i t l e proper may be i d e n t i c a l t o the t i t l e of one o f t h e works i n the co l - l e c t i o n . )

Squire, John Collinse, S i r , 1884-1958. The b i r d s and o t h e r poems

Wilde, Oscar, 1854-1900. Bir thday o f t h e i n f a n t a and o t h e r t a l e s

For c o l l e c t i o n s con ta in ing works i n t r a n s l a t i o n , use the uniform t i t l e o f t h e c o l l e c t i o n i n t h e o r i g i n a l language i f t h e r e i s e x p l i c i t evidence t h a t t he t r a n s l a t e d c o l l e c t i o n e x i s t e d i n t h e o r i g i n a l and t h e c o l l e c t i o n i n t h e o r i g i n a l language does no t bea r a c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e . I f t h e c o l l e c t i o n of t r a n s l a t e d works does n o t e x i s t i n the o r i - g i n a l o r i f t h e o r i g i n a l c o l l e c t i o n b e a r s a c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e , use a c o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e .

Note: Apply t h e s e d i r e c t i v e s f o r c o l l e c t i o n s o f works i n a s i n g l e form a l s o t o p a r t i a l c o l l e c t i o n s of works by an au thor who w r i t e s i n only one form (25 .9 ) .

Com~ose r s and Wr i t e r s

I f a person has w r i t t e n both musical and l i t e r a r y works, app ly t h e fo l lowing :

1 ) I f t h e person is p r imar i ly a composer, use the uniform t i t l e " L i t e r a r y works" f o r e d i t i o n s con ta in ing t h e complete l i t e r a r y works. (For c o l l e c t i o n s con ta in ing the complete musical and l i t e r a r y works, app ly LCRI 25.8.) For p a r t i a l c o l l e c t i o n s o f t h e l i t e r a r y works con ta in ing one p a r t i - c u l a r form, use one of t h e uniform t i t l e s s p e c i f i e d i n 25.10. For p a r t i a l c o l l e c t i o n s o f t h e l i t e r a r y works con ta in ing more than one p a r t i c u l a r form, use t h e uniform t i t l e " L i t e r a r y works. Se lec t ions , " & "Se lec t ions ."

2) I f t h e person is p r imar i ly a writer, use t h e uniform t i t l e I1Musi- c a l worksw f o r e d i t i o n s con ta in ing the complete musical works. (For col - l e c t i o n s con ta in ing t h e complete l i t e r a r y and musical works, apply LCRI 25.8.) For p a r t i a l c o l l e c t i o n of t h e musical works con ta in ing va r ious t y p e s of composi t ions i n one broad o r s p e c i f i c medium o r con ta in ing one type , use one o f t h e uniform t i t l e s s p e c i f i e d i n 25.36. For p a r t i a l col -


l e c t i o n s of t h e musical works con ta in ing va r ious types of compositions i n v a r i o u s media, use t h e uniform t i t l e "Musical works. S e l e c t i o n s , " not llSelec t i o n s .I1

& REFERENCE. [Rev .I

Reference E v a l u a t i m

A l l c r o s s r e f e r e n c e s on a u t h o r i t y r eco rds i n t h e automated name a u t h o r i t y f i l e must even tua l ly be i n accordance with LC/AACR 2 p r a c t i c e f o r m a t t e r s o f form, s t y l e , and choice of r e f e r e n c e s . Although much work was done p r i o r t o t h e adopt ion of AACR 2 t o i d e n t i f y t h e c o r r e c t AACR 2 heading, i t was n o t p o s s i b l e t o do t h i s i n advance f o r r e f e r - ences . Near t h e end o f 1980, a new f ixed f i e l d (008, b y t e 29) was added t o the a u t h o r i t y format t o i n d i c a t e e x p l i c i t l y t h e s t a t u s o f t h e r e f e r - ences wi th regard t o t h e heading. The v a l u e s i n t h i s f i e l d a r e

a = r e f e r e n c e s have been evaluated b = r e f e r e n c e s have no t been evaluated n = t h e r e a r e no r e f e r e n c e s i n the record

For r e c o r d s i n the automated f i l e & coded f o r AACR 2 a t t h e t ime o f t h e f l i p o f t h e name a u t h o r i t y f i l e on November 15, 1980, t h e va lue "b" was au tomat i ca l ly added t o a l l r eco rds with c r o s s r e f e r e n c e s and "nW t o a l l r e c o r d s wi thout r e f e r e n c e s . Records on t h e f i l e b u t no t coded f o r AACR 2 a t t h e t ime of t h e f l i p and r eco rds c rea t ed be fo re 1981 but added t o t h e d a t a base a f t e r November 15, 1980, have no va lue i n t h e f ixed f i e l d .

When making any change t o an a u t h o r i t y record on which t h e r e f e r - ences have n o t been eva lua ted , t h e d e s c r i p t i v e c a t a l o g e r must e v a l u a t e and a d j u s t t h e r e f e r e n c e s f o r AACR 2 and LC p r a c t i c e . This must be done even i f no a c t u a l changes a r e made t o t h e r e f e r e n c e t r a c i n g s . I f t h e r e a r e no r e f e r e n c e s on the r eco rd , i t is n o t necessary t o i n i t i a t e a r e - v i s i o n t o t h e record t o add "nll i n f ixed f i e l d 12.

I n e v a l u a t i n g r e f e r e n c e s , s e a r c h t h e necessary r e l a t e d a u t h o r i t y r eco rds t o v e r i f y t h e AACR 2 forms. I f t h e _he_a_Binas on t h e r e l a t e d r e c o r d s a r e a l r e a d y i n c o r r e c t AACR 2 form (and s o coded) , i t i s no t necessary t o eva lua te the r e f e r e n c e s on these r eco rds u n l e s s some o t h e r

I change t o t h e record is needed. Otherwise apply LCRI 26.3B-C, Evalu- a t i n g Ex i s t ing References. I

1 F u n c t b n s of L u U w x J L e f e r e n c a . . . Linking r e f e r e n c e s may s e r v e

i n one o r more o f t h r e e d i f f e r e n t c a p a c i t i e s : 1) a s a c t u a l connect ions between d i f f e r e n t pre-1981 and post-1980 headings used; 2) a s v a l i d a c r o s s r e f e r e n c e s l e a d i n g t o t t e form chosen a s t h e post-1980 heading; and 3 ) a s mechanisms f o r updat ing headings i n pre-AACR 2 b ib l iog raph ic r e c o r d s t o t h e AACR 2 form.

a ) . When t h e heading has been changed f o r AACR 2 , t h e pre-1981 heading w i l l gen- e r a l l y be r e t a i n e d a s a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e i n the name a u t h o r i t y f i l e . Value "aw i n by te 12 of t h e "wV1 c o n t r o l s u b f i e l d o f t h e 4xx f i e l d is used t o i n d i c a t e the pre-1981 heading. The l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e s produced f o r d i s t r i b u t i o n wi th c r o s s r e f e r e n c e d i s t r i b u t i o n read:


[Pre- 198 1 heading] For works ca t a loged a f t e r 1980 sea rch under

[Post-1 980 heading]

and

[Post-1980 heading] For works ca ta loged before 1981 s e a r c h under

[o ld c a t a l o g heading]

b) Val id Cross Referenceg. The t r a c i n g from the pre-1981 heading may a l s o be used t o produce a v a l i d c r o s s r e f e r e n c e t o t h e post - 1980 heading i f i t i s a p p r o p r i a t e i n - t h e same form a s t h e pre- 1981 heading. Based on t h i s d e c i s i o n o f v a l i d i t y a s an a p p r o p r i a t e AACR 2 r e f e r e n c e , add o r d e l e t e va lue "aw i n by te 15 (do no t make) a s necessary . A va lue lla" w i l l suppress t h e product ion o f a c r o s s r e fe rence ; t he d a t a i n the f i e l d w i l l be used t o produce l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e s only . I f t h e pre-1981 heading r e f e r e n c e i s v a l i d i n subs tance , b u t no t i n form, make another t r a c i n g i n t h e c o r r e c t form. I n t h i s case the pre- 1981 heading must have va lue "an i n b y t e 15. The examples below r e f l e c t t h e v a l u e s t h a t r e s u l t e d from the name a u t h o r i t y n f l i p . w

110 Delaware Racing Commission. [by te 12 = c ] 410 Delaware. Racing Commission. [by te 12 = a ; by te

15 = a ]

The r e f e r e n c e is a v a l i d AACR 2 r e f e r e n c e ; d e l e t e the per iod a t t h e end of t h e t r a c i n g and change by te 15 t o va lue llnll:

410 Delaware. Racing Commission [by te 12 = a ; by te 15 = n]

151 McAlester (Okla.) [by te 12 = c ] 410 McAlester, Okla. [by te 12 = a ; by te 15 = a ]

The r e f e r e n c e is n o t a v a l i d AACR 2 r e f e r e n c e ; a l low t h e t r a c i n g t o remain e x a c t l y a s i t i s t o produce t h e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e only .

110 I l l i n o i s S t a t e Museum. [by te 12 = c ] Q10 I l l i n o i s . S t a t e Museum, S p r i n g f i e l d , Ill.

[by te 12 = a ; byte 15 - a ]

The r e f e r e n c e i s v a l i d f o r AACR 2 i n subs tance , b u t not i n form; change byte 15 t o value I1al1 (do no t make) i n the t r a c i n g , and t r a c e another r e f e r e n c e i n c o r r e c t AACR 2 form.

41 0 I l l i n o i s . S t a t e Museum, S p r i n g f i e l d , Ill. [by te 12 = a ; b y t e 15 = a ]

410 I l l i n o i s . S t a t e Museum [by te 12 = n ; by te 15 = n]

c ) &X!XUbm f o r UD@&&~ H e w . The t r a c i n g from t h e pre-1981 heading can a l s o se rve a s a mechanism f o r updating headings on pre-1981 MARC b ib l iog raph ic r eco rds t o the AACR 2 form. When t h e r e is a one-to-one correspondence between an a u t h o r i t y record and corresponding i t e r a t i o n s o f t h e heading on b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rds , updates w i l l be performed t o t h e machine-readable b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rds . The key f o r e f f e c t i n g t h i s update w i l l be the l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e from the old c a t a l o g heading t h a t i s t r aced on t h e a u t h o r i t y r eco rd . The "old c a t a l o g headingf1 r e f e r e n c e s w i l l be compared with headings i n pre-AACR 2 machine c a t a l o g r e c o r d s , r e s u l t i n g i n t h e updating of t h e s e headings from t h e "old c a t a l o g headingw forms t o the AACR 2 form.

Note t h a t t h e l i n k i n g r e fe rence technique is r e s t r i c t e d s o l e l y t o the s i t u a t i o n desc r ibed i n the paragraph above. It cannot be used f o r changes t o AACR 2 b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rds o r f o r o t h e r changes t o pre-AACR 2 machine c a t a l o g b ib l iog raph ic r eco rds . i

3 8 Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

n 2) g u i d e l i n e s f o r When t o T race Linkinn References

a ) Generaa . Trace a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e from t h e LC pre-AACR 2 heading whenever t h e r e f e r e n c e t r a c i n g would s e r v e t o update MARC b i b l i - ographic r e c o r d s d u r i n g t h e b i b l i o g r a p h i c f l i p o r would s e r v e a s a connec t ion between t h e pre-1981 and post-1980 headings . Do n o t t r a c e t h e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e when t h e r e i s no e x a c t one-to-one c o r r e l a t i o n between t h e AACR 2 heading[s] and t h e pre-AACR 2 h e a d i n g r s l ( s e e &- c e ~ t i o n s below). Note t h a t on ly one l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e can be t r a c e d ; when m u l t i p l e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e s appea r t o be needed, t h e l i n k i n g r e f e r - ence t echn ique is probably n o t a p p r o p r i a t e .

b ) New Name Au tho r i t v -Reco rds . Trace a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e from a pre-AACR 2 heading found on b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s i n t h e BOQKS/M, S e r i a l s , F i lms , Maps, o r Music f i l e s when i t d i f f e r s from t h e AACR 2 heading. I n t h e r a r e c a s e s when t h e manual a u t h o r i t y c a r d i s examined, a l s o t r a c e a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e from t h e pre-AACR 2 heading even i f t h e r e a r e no LC MARC r e c o r d s . Code t h e r e f e r e n c e f o r "do n o t makew when i t i s n o t a p p r o p r i a t e i n t h e AACR 2 c o n t e x t .

NACO p a r t i c i p a n t s should t r a c e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e s o n l y from pre-AACR 2 headings found i n LC MARC r e c o r d s ; do n o t t r a c e l i n k i n g r e - f e r e n c e s from head ings found i n LC non-MARC b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s o r from head ings i n MARC r e c o r d s t h a t were n o t c r e a t e d and i n p u t by LC.

c ) & & s t i n n Automated A u m r i t v Recordg. When t h e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e i s a l r e a d y t r a c e d , r e t a i n i t u n l e s s one o f t h e e x c e p t i o n s below is a p p l i c a b l e . Do n o t r o u t i n e l y examine t h e f i l e t o s e e i f t h e r e a r e MARC b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s . Add o r d e l e t e coding f o r "do n o t make , l r

a s a p p r o p r i a t e .

When coding an uncoded a u t h o r i t y r eco rd f o r AACR 2 , c o n v e r t t h e pre-AACR 2 heading i n t o a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e when i t d i f f e r s from t h e

P AACR 2 heading ( u n l e s s one o f t h e e x c e p t i o n s below is a p p l i c a b l e ) . Code t h e r e f e r e n c e f o r "do n o t makerr i f i t i s n o t a p p r o p r i a t e i n t h e c u r r e n t c a t a l o g .

When changing t h e heading on an a u t h o r i t y r eco rd t h a t h a s a l r e a d y been coded a s AACR 2 o r AACR 2 compat ib le , c o n v e r t t h e e x i s t i n g heading i n t o a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e o n l y i f t h e heading h a s been used on pre-AACR 2 LC MARC b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s .

d ) E x c ~ D ~ ~ Q ~ s . The l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e technique may n o t be used when t h e r e is no one-to-one c o r r e l a t i o n between t h e AACR 2 head ing ( s ) and t h e pre-AACR 2 h e a d i n g ( s ) . The l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e would be ambiguous o r i n a c c u r a t e , and t h e pre-AACR 2 b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s might n o t be updated c o r r e c t l y i n t h e b i b f l i p .

When t h e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e i s n o t used , supp ly i n fo rma t ion abou t t h e o ld c a t a l o g heading i n t h e 667 f i e l d o f t h e a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d , and i n i t i a t e upda t e s t o MARC b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s .

1 ) ) M u l t i ~ l e re-AACR U o r m s beinn combined i n t o a s i n a l e AACR 3 heading.

pre-AACR 3 head inas : Hawaiian I s l a n d s ; Hawaii (Ter . ) ; Hawaii

AACR 2 head ina f o r a l l : Hawaii

Re t a in o n l y t h e one a u t h o r i t y r eco rd f a r "Hawaiirr; do n o t t r a c e any l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e s . I n t h e 667 f i e l d add t h e informat ion: I n c l u d e s t h e o ld c a t a l o g headings : Hawaiian I s l a n d s and Hawaii (Ter .) .

c-


2)) S i n ~ l e ore-AACR 3 form be igg dlvlded i n t o mult . . i o l e

R 3 h e w (e .g . , 22.2C3).

pre-AACR 2 heaqhn_g: Linington, E l i zabe th AACR 3 headinas : Linington, E l i zabe th ; Shannon,

Del l , 1921-; Egan, Lesley, 1921-; O t N e i l l , Egan, 1921-;, B l a i s d e l l , Anne, 1921-

Prepare a u t h o r i t y r eco rds f o r a l l headings , connect ing them with ex- p l a n a t o r y g e e & r e f e r e n c e s ; do n o t t r a c e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e s . I n t h e 667 f i e l d on t h e a u t h o r i t y r eco rds f o r Shannon, Egan, O t N e i l l , znd B l a i s d e l l , make t h e no te : Old c a t a l o g heading : Linington, E l i zabe th .

Examine t h e b i b l i o g r a p h i c f i l e under Linington and i n i t i a t e changes t o t h e headings on those r eco rds w r i t t e n under t h e names Shannon, Egan, 0' Neil1 , o r B l a i s d e l l . (Note t h a t i f t h e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e s were t r a c e d , a l l MARC r eco rds wi th t h e heading f o r Linington would be changed t o t h e heading on t h e f i r s t a u t h o r i t y record processed dur ing the update of t h e d a t a base . )

3 ) ) No e x a c t o n e - t o - o ~ ~ h i ~ . a l t h o u h onlv twg , b e a w v be Uvo lved .

AACR 1 form: Nat ional Research Council of Canada AACR 2 formx: Nat ional Research Council of Canada

( f o r pre-1972 impr in t s on ly ) ; National Research Council Canada ( f o r 1972- impr in t s )

Reta in t h e a u t h o r i t y record f o r "National Research Council of Canadan and c r e a t e one f o r "National Research Council Canada," coding both a s AACR 2. Trace s e e a l s g r e f e r e n c e s between the headings , bu t do no t t r a c e a l i n k i n g r e fe rence . In t h e 667 f i e l d o f t h e a u t h o r i t y record f o r Nat ional Research Council of Canada add t h e informat ion: For pre-1972 i m p r i n t s only . On t h e a u t h o r i t y record f o r National Research Council Canada add i n t h e 667 f i e l d the informat ion: For 1972- i m p r i n t s ; o ld c a t a l o g heading: Nat ional Research Council of Canada. Examine t h e b i b l i - ographic f i l e under Nat ional Research Council of Canada and i n i t i a t e changes t o t h e headings on those r eco rds wi th 1972- impr in t s .

(Note t h a t i f t h e l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e were t r a c e d , MARC r e c o r d s us ing t h e heading "National Research Council of Canada" would be updated, n o t j u s t t hose wi th 1972- impr in t s . )

4 ) ) Conf l i c t ing personal name headings , when t h e con- f l i c t is resolved by changing the e x i s t i n g heading:

head in^ f o r new au thor : Smith, Paul. ( a ~ informat ion i s a v a i l a b l e t o r e s o l v e t h e c o n f l i c t )

E x i s t i n g heading: Smith,Paul. (The b i r t h d a t e of t h i s au thor is known and added t o t h e headina t o r e s o l v e t h e c o n f l i c t : Smith, Paul. 1939- )

Change t h e a u t h o r i t y record f o r t he e x i s t i n g head. I n i t i a t e changes t o b i b l i o g r a p h i c r eco rds t o agree wi th t h e new form of heading. Do t r a c e a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e o r make a no te about the o ld ca t a log heading. The change is n ~ t caused by a change f o r AACR 2 .

( 3) S o e c i a l I n s t r u c t i o n on Linkina References f o r Uniform T i t l e s I I

It w i l l be poss ib l e t o use t h e b i b l i o g r a p h i c f l i p t o a d j u s t name/ t i t l e uniform t i t l e s on b ib l iog raph ic r eco rds whenever a s i n g l e pre-AACR 2 uniform t i t l e i s replacedby a s i n g l e AACR 2 uniform t i t l e o r whenever I a pre-AACR 2 uniform t i t l e included a form subheading ( e . g . , laws, 1

Cataloging Serv ice Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

s t a t u t e s , e t c .) i n t h e name p o r t i o n of the uniform t i t l e bu t does n o t under AACR 2. Therefore , t r a c e o r r e t a i n a l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e from t h e o ld c a t a l o g heading i n ,o s i t u a t t hese t w i o n s .

100 namer .gt I l iad 400 Homerus .$t I l ias [by te 12 = a ; byte 15 = a]

110 Argent ina .$t Ley no. 17.237 41 0 Argentine Republic .$kLaws , s t a t u t e s , e t c .$tLey

no. 17.237 [by te 12 = a ; b y t e 15 = a )

I n a l l o t h e r c a s e s , i n i t i a t e changes t o uniform t i t 1 . e ~ on machine- r eadab le b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s i n accord with LCRI 25.1.

I With regard t o l i n k i n g r e f e r e n c e s f o r uniform t i t les t r aced on e x i s t i n g a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d s , no te t h e fo l lowing s i t u a t i o n s :

a ) For n a m e / t i t l e headings when t h e r e is no change i n t h e t i t l e po r t ion o f t h e heading, do no t r e t a i n t h e r e f e r e n c e from t h e pre- AACR 2 heading u n l e s s i t included a form subheading (e.g. , Laws, s t a t u t e s , e t c .) .

100 Sch i l l ebeeckx , Edward, 1914- $ tGerecht igheid en l i e f d e .$ lEngl ish

400 Sch i l l ebeeckx , Edward Corne l i s F l o r e n t i u s Alfons, 1914- $ tGerecht igheid en l i e f d e . $ l Engl ish [by te 12 = a ; byte 15 = a ]

The r e f e r e n c e is a n a m e / t i t l e one wi th no change i n t h e t i t l e p o r t i o n ; do no t r e t a i n t h e r e f e r e n c e t r a c i n g .

b) When the cho ice of e n t r y f o r a uniform t i t l e heading d i f - f e r s between AACR 2 and t h e old c a t a l o g e n t r y , do no t r e t a i n t h e r e f e r - ence from t h e old c a t a l o g heading, s i n c e t h e r e i s t o be no update o f t h e pre-1981 b ib l iog raph ic r eco rds f o r o f e n t r y .

130 His to ry o f t h e American a i r c r a f t i n d u s t r y . $ l Japanese .

400 Simonson, Gene Roger, 1927- comp.$t H i s to ry o f t h e American a i r c r a f t i n d u s t r y . $ lJapanese [by te 12 = a ; by te 15 = a]

The cho ice o f e n t r y d i f f e r s f o r AACR 2; d e l e t e t h e e n t i r e r e f e r e n c e t r a c i n g

c ) ) C o l l e c t i v e uniform t i t l e s when t h e r e is no one-to- one r e l a t i o n s h i p between t h e AACR 2 and pre-AACR 2 headings.

100 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832.$t ~ e l e c t i o n s . $ f l 9 8 0

400 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832.$t Se lec t ed works [by te 12 = a ; b y t e 15 = a ]

Dele te t h e e n t i r e r e f e r e n c e t r a c i n g .

DELETION OF INITIAL ARTICLES

Cataloninn Se rv ice B u l l e t i n , no. 6 ( F a l l 1979), gave a complete de- s c r i p t i o n of t h e L ib ra ry of Congress po l i cy r e q u i r i n g t h e d e l e t i o n of i n i t i a l a r t i c l e s . This s t a t emen t is supplementary.

General ~ o l i c v . D e f i n i t e and i n d e f i n i t e a r t i c l e s a r e omitted from headings i n a l l languages when the i n t e n t i o n i s no t t o f i l e on them. Primary examples of f i l i n g on an i n i t i a l a r t i c l e in tent ional ly-and so

n

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 2 2 / Fall 1983 41

r e t a i n i n g t h e a r t i c l e - a r i s e w i th c e r t a i n pe r sona l and g e ~ g r a p h i c name headings . (See s p e c i f i c s t a t e m e n t s below.) I n c o n t r a s t t o head ings , a r t i c l e s a r e never omi t t ed i n t h e b i b l i o g r a p h i c d e s c r i p t i o n t h a t b e g i n s w i th t h e t i t l e proper and ends w i th t h e s e r i e s a r e a .

Note t h a t t h e a r t i c l e s be ing r e f e r r e d t o i n t h i s s t a t emen t a r e t hose t h a t a r e l i s t e d i n t h e l a t e s t e d i t i o n o f L i b r a r v of C o n a r m . . p . 56-58. Other a r t i c l e s a r e r e t a i n e d and f i l e d on, t h e p r i n c i p a l examples a b s e n t from t h e l ist and s o f i l e d on be ing t h o s e t h a t a r e

1 ) non-standard forms, e .g., "Yew f o r "The" o r 2) forms i n l anguages n o t covered by t h e l is t , e .g . , "Angn i n

P i l i p i n o . -. P r i m a r i l y , t h e languages w r i t t e n i n t h e

Perso-Arabic and t h e Hebraic s c r i p t s a r e t h e ones i n which t h e r e is commonly no i n t e n t i o n t o f i l e on t h e a r t i c l e and commonly t h u s t h e a r t i c l e must be d e l e t e d . Occas iona l ly , however, t h e a u t h o r s i n t h e s e l anguages come t o our a t t e n t i o n f i r s t on ly i n a language o t h e r than a Perso-Arabic o r Hebraic one. I n t h i s c o n t e x t , when t h e heading must be based on t h e romaniza t ion a s found, r a t h e r than a sy s t ema t i c one , t h e a r t i c l e i f c a p i t a l i z e d is r e t a i n e d and f i l e d on and s o i s n o t d e l e t e d .

a ~ h l c w e head-. The i n i t i a l a r t i c l e i s f i l e d on and so r e t a i n e d i n l anguages o t h e r t han t h o s e u s ing t h e Pers3-Arabic and Hebraic s c r i p t s . I n t h e l a t t e r languages i t i s r o u t i n e l y omi t t ed .

C o r ~ o r a t e name headinaq. The i n i t i a l a r t i c l e i s omi t t ed i n a l l c a s e s .

Jn i form t i t l e s c The i n i t i a l a r t i c l e is omi t t ed i n a11 c a s e s , pro- v ided i t i s i n t h e nominat ive c a s e ( f o r i n f l e c t e d l anguages ) .

Through a c o o p e r a t i v e agreement between t h e L ib ra ry o f Congress and t h e Na t iona l L i b r a r y o f Canada (NLC), a l l head ings f o r Canadian c o r p o r a t e bod ie s used i n c u r r e n t LC c a t a l o g i n g must be g i v e n i n kACR 2 form, a s approved by NLC. I n a d d i t i o n , LC w i l l a c c e p t t h e NLC form f o r c e r t a i n pe r sona l names used i n c a t a l o g i n g m a t e r i a l s w i th Canadian i m p r i n t s .

Microf iche o f NIX A u t h o r i t v F u

NLC s u p p l i e s LC w i t h a m i c r o f i c h e o f i t s c u r r e n t name a u t h o r i t y f i l e , C a n w a Aut-. The mic ro f i che g i v e s t h e NLC approved form of t h e heading.

The NLC AACR 2 form must be v e r i f i e d and used f o r a l l new Canadian c o r p o r a t e names and f o r a l l Canadian c o r p o r a t e names n o t y e t coded f o r AACR 2. ( I f t h e NLC form d i f f e r s from LC/AACR 2 p r a c t i c e f o r c a p i t a l i - z a t i o n o r punc tua t i on , f o l l ow NLC .)

Search t h e NLC mic ro f i che f o r t h e AACR 2 form; i f t h e heading is not found t h e r e , r e q u e s t v e r i f i c a t i o n from NLC.

E x c e ~ t i ~ n : When v e r i f i c a t i o n is needed f o r a CIP i t em o r a NACO heading, t h e r e q u e s t i s te lephoned t o NLC.


2 ) P e r s o n a l

The NLC AACR 2 form i s used f o r pe r sona l name headings on b i b l i o - g r a p h i c r e c o r d s f o r i t e m s wi th Canadian i m p r i n t s ( i . e . , t h e name o f a Canadian c i t y a p p e a r s a s t h e pr imary ( f i r s t ) p l a c e o f p u b l i c a t i o n ) i n t h e fo l l owing c a s e s :

a ) The heading i s be ing newly e s t a b l i s h e d i n LC; z,

b ) The heading h a s been e s t a b l i s h e d i n LC b u t t h e AACR 2 form h a s n o t y e t been assigrled and t h e c u r r e n t LC form is n o t AACR 2 ( i . e . , a c c e p t t h e NLC AACR 2 form i n s t e a d o f fo rmu la t i ng an LC form).

(Note t h a t t h e NLC a u t h o r i t y f i l e may be consu l t ed a s a r e f e r e n c e sou rce even f o r names t h a t do n o t meet t h e above c r i t e r i a .)

Look f o r t h e NLC AACR 2 form o f heading i n t h e Canadian CIP e n t r y i n t h e book, o r , i f t h e r e i s no Canadian CIP, s e a r c h t h e mic ro f i che o f t h e NLC name a u t h o r i t y f i l e . C i t e t h e s e s o u r c e s i n t h e 670 f i e l d . I f t h e NLC AACR 2 form is n o t found i n t h e s e two s o u r c e s , e s t a b l i s h t h e name acco rd ing t o u sua l LC p r a c t i c e and c i t e NLC i n t h e 675 f i e l d . Do n o t r e f e r t h e name t o NLC f o r s p e c i a l v e r i f i c a t i o n ( a s is done f o r c o r p o r a t e headings) .

I f t h e AACR 2 form would c o n f l i c t w i th a n o t h e r heading, do n o t use t h e NLC form. I n s t e a d , e s t a b l i s h t h e name acco rd ing t o u s u a l LC prac- t i c e and r eco rd t h e NLC form i n a 670 f i e l d c i t a t i o n . Expla in t h e d i s - c repancy by making t h e fo l l owing n o t e i n t h e 667 f i e l d :

NLC form c o n f l i c t s w i t h ano the r LC heading.

Anno ta t i on o f A u t h o r i t v Records

For c o r p o r a t e names, a n n o t a t e t h e a u t h o r i t y r eco rd by c i t i n g NLC i n a 670 f i e l d . I nc lude t h e d a t e o f t h e NLC re sponse t o a r e q u e s t f o r v e r i f i c a t i o n . When t h e v e r i f i c a t i o n i s ob t a ined from t h e mic ro f i che o f t h e NLC a u t h o r i t y f i l e , use t h e d a t e on t h e mic ro f i che . Follow NLC by a p a r e n t h e t i c a l c i t a t i o n e x p l i c i t l y g i v i n g t h e NLC approved form, a s fo l l ows :

NLC 1/19/81 (AACR 2: [ v e r i f i e d form of heading])

U n t i l c e r t a i n p o l i c y d e c i s i o n s have been made, NLC may wish t o d e f e r supp ly ing t h e AACR 2 form. For t h e s e c a s e s , e s t a b l i s h t h e heading acco rd ing t o LC p o l i c y and code t h e a u t h o r i t y r eco rd a s wprov i s iona l . " Record t h e NLC re sponse on t h e a u t h o r i t y r eco rd a s fo l l ows :

NLC 1/19/81 (AACR 2: n o t a v a i l a b l e )

For new a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d s , g i v e t h e work c a t . c i t a t i o n a s u s u a l , preceding t h e NLC c i t a t i o n . Do n o t s e a r c h o r c i t e any o t h e r r e f e r e n c e s o u r c e s .

For pe r sona l names, c i t e t h e Canadian CIP e n t r y a s fo l l ows :

Can CIP ([CIP heading])

I f t h e r e i s no CIP e n t r y , c i t e t h e NLC mic ro f i che acco rd ing t o t h e above conven t ions f o r c o r p o r a t e names.

R e f e r e n c e s

Trace c r o s s r e f e r e n c e s g iven by NLC u n l e s s i ncompa t ib l e w i t h o t h e r LC e n t r i e s , b u t j u s t i f i c a t i o n o f t h e s e r e f e r e n c e s is n o t neces sa ry . Add i t i ona l r e f e r e n c e s may be g iven i f r e q u i r e d , j u s t i f i e d acco rd ing t o normal p r a c t i c e .


For pe r sona l names, f o rmu la t e t h e r e f e r e n c e s acco rd ing t o LC s t y l e , e . g . , i n c l u d e d a t e s i f used i n t h e heading.

When e v a l u a t i n g r e f e r e n c e s on e x i s t i n g a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d s f o r corpo- r a t e names, i t w i l l be neces sa ry t o check t h e heading on t h e NLC micro- f i c h e (even i f t h e AACR 2 form o f t h e heading has a l r e a d y been s u p p l i e d by NLC). I f t h e complete r e f e r e n c e s t r u c t u r e h a s been v e r i f i e d by NLC, t r a c e r e f e r e n c e s g i v e n by NLC u n l e s s incompat ib le w i th o t h e r LC e n t r i e s , b u t j u s t i f i c a t i o n of t h e s e r e f e r e n c e s is n o t neces sa ry . I f t h e r e f e r - ence s t r u c t u r e h a s n o t been v e r i f i e d by NLC, t r a c e r e f e r e n c e s acco rd ing t o normal LC/AACR 2 p o l i c i e s and procedures . Note t h a t i n e i t h e r c a s e a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d s f o r a l l name headings used a s p a r t o f t h e heading o r i n c r o s s r e f e r e n c e s must be v e r i f i e d by NLC f o r AACR 2 , processed f o r r e f e r e n c e e v a l u a t i o n , e t c .

I n 1974 t h e government o f Qu6bec e s t a b l i s h e d French a s t h e s o l e o f - f i c i a l language o f t h e province . A s a r e s u l t , LC's Eng l i sh headings f o r ~ u d b e c government b o d i e s a r e o b s o l e t e f o r t h e pe r iod t h a t b e g i n s w i th t h e change o f o f f i c i a l language . For p u b l i c a t i o n s i s s u e d through t h e end of 1974, an Eng l i sh heading i s p rope r . For p u b l i c a t i o n s i s s u e d 1975- , use a French heading.

NLC v e r i f i e s two head ings f o r b o d i e s t h a t e x i s t e d b e f o r e and a f t e r t h e 1974/75 d i v i d i n g l i n e : an Eng l i sh one ( t h rough 1974) and a French one (1975- 1.

For head ings f o r non-government bod ie s i n Qu&bec, a l s o accep t NLC1s v e r i f i c a t i o n i n French ( even , f o r example, i f t h e work be ing c a t a l o g e d i s i n E n g l i s h ) . There a r e some pu re ly English-language p r i v a t e b o d i e s i n Qu&bec, and NLC v e r i f i e s t h e s e i n Eng l i sh . For t h o s e v e r i f i e d i n French t h a t c r o s s t h e language p o l i c y d i v i d i n g l i n e , a p p l y t h e pro- v i s i o n s g i v e n above f o r government bod ie s .

I f t h e French form is chosen a s t h e a p p r o p r i a t e LC heading and it i n c l u d e s a q u a l i f y i n g term t h a t h a s been g iven i n French, change t h e q u a l i f y i n g term t o t h e Eng l i sh term g iven i n t h e NLC Engl ish e q u i v a l e n t heading. ( I n such c a s e s t h e LC heading w i l l be a "combinationn o f t h e French and Eng l i sh NLC head ings .)

NrlC French h w : Chicout imi (Qu6bec : ~ o m t 6 ) NLC E n n l i s h e a u i v a l e n t heading: Chicout imi (Quebec :

County) LC he- :Chicoutimi (Qu&bec : County)

KS CALLED OR COGNATES

The L i b r a r y o f Congress h a s r ece ived a number o f q u e r i e s about t h e c a t a l o g i n g o f l l p s a l t e r s . w The s p e c i f i c q u e s t i o n s r e l a t e p r i m a r i l y t o t h e c h o i c e o f a main e n t r y head ing , t h e r e be ing t h r e e main p o s s i b i l i t i e s :

1 ) e n t r y under B i b l e a s a B i b l i c a l t e x t ;

2) e n t r y under church a s a l i t u r g i c a l t e x t ; and

3) e n t r y e i t h e r under a r t i s t o r t i t l e ( a s an uanonymousw manu- s c r i p t )

' Books u s ing t h e word " p s a l t e r , " o r a cogna t e , i n t h e t i t l e proper o r o t h e r t i t l e i n fo rma t ion , a r e o f t e n r e p r o d u c t i o n s o f p a r t s o f medieval p s a l t e r s , be ing publ i shed t o p r e s e n t t h e a r t o f t h e i l l u s t r a t i v e m a t t e r

Cataloging Service bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

con ta ined i n t h e o r i g i n a l p s a l t e r . Acc~ t h e s e incomple te p s a l t e r s should be undl t i t l e i f t h e a r t i s t is unknown (21.1C).

~ r d i n g tc e r t h e a ]

3 AACR 2 , main e n t r y f o r r t i s t (21.11B), o r under

S ince t h e a r t work o f t h e t y p i c a l psa lce r e d i t i o n c o n t a i n i n g p r i - m a r i l y t h e i l l u s t r a t i o n s i s u s u a l l y anonymous, q u i t e o f t e n t h e main e n t r y heading w i l l be under t i t l e o r uniform t i t l e . I n t h i s connec t ion , no t e t h e u t i l i t y of t h e head ings provided by 25.13. For example, t h e t i t l e o f t h e book may n o t be more t han a g e n e r a l d e s i g n a t i o n , e .g . , Der P s a l t e r : e i n e B i l d e r h a n d s c h r i f t . A uniform t i t l e , c o n s i s t i n g o f e i t h e r t h e name o f t h e manusc r ip t o r t h e r e p o s i t o r y d e s i g n a t i o n f o r i t--acco rd ing t o t h e p r o v i s i o n s o f 25.13-is recommended f o r such c a s e s .

I n some c a s e s , t h e c o n t e n t may be p r i m a r i l y t e x t u a l , r a t h e r t han i l l u s t r a t i v e . Here t h e cho i ce i s between t e x t s w i t h a B i b l i c a l emphasis and t h o s e w i t h a l i t u r g i c a l emphasis. En t e r t h e work under t h e church a s a l i t u r g i c a l t e x t i f i t c o n t a i n s any obvious l i t u r g i c a l e lement ( a s when one o r more o f t h e fo l l owing a r e added t o t h e psalms: c a n t i c l e s , a n t i p h o n s , l i t u r g i c a l c a l e n d a r , e t c . ) ; o the rwi se e n t e r under B ib l e .

a ABBREVIATIONS FOR CERTAIN NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES

These a b b r e v i a t i o n s f o r t h e t i t l e s o f n a t i o n a l b i b l i o g r a p h i e s may be used a s sou rce c i t a t i o n s i n name a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d s and a s q u a l i - f i c a t i o n s t o ISBNs.

Under t h e Shared Cata loging Program, n a t i o n a l b ib l i og raphy numbers were fo rmer ly used i n t h e 015 f i e l d i n b i b l i o g r a p h i c r e c o r d s t o i d e n t i f y t h e o r i g i n o f t h e b i b l i o g r a p h i c d e s c r i p t i o n . (On r e c o r d s prepared from o r i g i n a l c a t a l o g i n g w i t h i n t h e scope o f t h e program, t h e a b b r e v i a t i o n o f t h e a p p r o p r i a t e n a t i o n a l b i b l i o g r a p h y followed by *** se rved as a

ln c o u n t r y d e s i g n a t o r . )

.!a!ana J3IBLIOGRAPEY ABBREVIATIOIy .Em?m!s m T I o y

A u s t r a l i a A u s t r u n Na t iona l B i b l i w r a ~ h y Aus. n a t . b i b l . Aus

Aus t r i a O s t e r r e i c h i s c h e B i b l j g g r a ~ h i e Gst. B i b l . Au

Belgium B i b l i o a r a ~ h i e d e B e l a B i b l . Bel . Be

Bu lga r i a B c l a a r s k i k n i a o ~ i s ~ G l g . kn . Bu

Canada Canad- Canad i a n a C

Czechos lovakia Eeskk knihv u Ces. kn. Cz

Slovenska nArodn& b i m a S l o . n i r . b i b l . CzS

Denmark Dansk b o a f o r t e a n e l s e Dan. bog. D

$uomen k i r iaJJisuus Fin land Suom . k i r j . F i

France B i b l i o a r a ~ h i e d e l a France B i b l . F r . F

Deu t sche Na t iona lb Eas t Germany i b l i o a r a ~ h i e Deut. Na tb ib l . GDR, GDNB

We st Germany Deutsche B i b l i o a r a ~ h i e Deut. B i b l . GFR , DB

Grea t B r i t a i n The B r i t i s h Na t iona l B i b l i o a r a ~ h v B r i t . n a t . b i b l . GB

Hungary U v a r nemzet i Mag. nem. b i b 1 . H

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 2 2 / Fall 1983 4 5

I t a l y

Japan

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

Poland

Romania

South Af r i ca

Spa i n

Sweden

Switzer land

USSR

Yugoslavia

B i b l i o n r a f i a naz iona le i t a l i a n q B ib l . naz . it. It, BNI

Nihon zenkoku shosh i s h i i k a n b a ~ Nihon zenkoku shosh i

JicL&&d Boekblad

Brinkman's cumulatieve c a t a l o a u s Br inkman y a n b o e k e ~

Hew Zealand Natbpnal B i b l i o n r u NZ n a t . b i b l .

Norsk bokfo r t enne l se Nor. bok.

Przewodnik b i b m f i c z n y Prz . b ib1 . B i b u o n r a f i a R e ~ u b l i c i a . . Bib1 . Romsnia

S o c i a l i s t e ~om5ni.a

South Afr ican n a t m B i b l i o a r a ~ h y

SA n a t . b i b l .

Eliblionraf - i a e s ~ a n o l 3 B ib l . e sp .

Svensk b o k f g r t e c k n i n ~ Sve . bok.

Das Schweizer Bu& Schw . Buch

m i z h n a f a l e t o ~ i s ' USSR na t . b ib1 . Yseso1u

C #. zna ia knizhnaia ~ a l a t a c a r d s

B i b l i o a r a f i - i a JuaoslavJJg B ib l . Jug.

SP

S

Sw

USSR

1- REFERENCES FOR NON-ROMAN SCRIPT HEADINGS

This s t a t emen t is be ing made t o c l a r i f y t h e L ib ra ry of Congress p o l i c y concerning c e r t a i n a r b i t r a r y r e f e r e n c e s f o r non-roman s c r i p t names, i . e . , t hose t h a t a r e t r aced a l though they cannot be s u b s t a n t i a t e d i n the usua l way by means o f c i t a t i o n s i n t h e 670 f i e l d s o f name a u t h o r i t y r eco rds .

When romanizat ions t h a t vary from the form i n a romanized name heading appear i n sources , t h e s e sources normally become t h e b a s i s f o r c r o s s r e f e r e n c e s t r a c e d i n name a u t h o r i t y r eco rds . Addi t ional r e f e r e n c e s from o t h e r v a r i a n t romanizat ions a r e a r b i t r a r i l y made from time t o t ime, a l though t h e r e is no source t h a t can be c i t e d f o r them. These a r b i t r a r y v a r i a n t s f a l l i n one o f t h e fo l lowing c a t e g o r i e s :

1 ) The c h a r a c t e r of t h e s c r i p t involved makes more than one spe l - l i n g p o s s i b l e i n sys t ema t i c romanization. These r e f e r e n c e s a r e usua l ly l i m i t e d t o t h e most l i k e l y p o s s i b i l i t i e s , r a t h e r than account ing f o r eve ry p o s s i b i l i t y . For example, i n languages f o r which t h e c a t a l o g e r must supply the vowels i n romanizat ion, p o s s i b i l i t i e s might inc lude forms f o r a lmost every vowel. I n s t e a d , t h e c a t a l o g e r uses h i d h e r knowledge and exper ience t o s e l e c t on ly t h e most l i k e l y form(s1.

2) The language o f t h e p u b l i c a t i o n i s very l i k e l y t o be d i f f e r e n t from t h e a u t h o r ' s mother tongue i n which he/she can reasonably be expected t o w r i t e o t h e r works. Ukrainian a u t h o r s being publ ished i n Rus- s i a n r e p r e s e n t a primary example of t h i s phenomenon. To cont inue wi th

Ca t a log ing S e r v i c e B u l l e t i n , No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

t h i s example, a r e f e r e n c e from the romanization of t h e name i t ? Ukrainian is needed, a l though t h e name ma: ppear i n Russian i n t h e publ i - c a t i o n .

3) The heading is i n Chinc snizea according t o t h e Wade- G i l e s system. The L ib ra ry of Congress r o u t i n e l y provides a c r o s s r e f e r - ence from the pinyin romanizat ion.

REW W YIDDISH CATALOGME

This is a compi la t ion of a number of d e t a i l s about Library of Congress p r a c t i c e s when c a t a l o g i n g Hebrew and Yiddish. These d e t a i l s r e l a t e p r i m a r i l y t o romanizat ion, i nc lud ing the c a p i t a l i z a t i o n o f romanized forms. They a l s o cover t h e s p e c i a l p r a c t i c e s needed t o cope wi th the many a b b r e v i a t i o n s used i n t h e Hebraic s c r i p t . A t t h e end i s a c h e c k l i s t o f r e f e r e n c e sources L ib ra ry of Congress c a t a l o g e r s f ind use fu l i n process ing t h e s e m a t e r i a l s .

The b a s i c romanizat ion t a b l e f o r Hebrew and Yiddish was published i n S e r v i c e , b u l l e t i n 118 (summer 1976). Some a d d i t i o n a l

a d e t a i l s r e l a t e d t o t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e t a b l e were published i n Cats,- m e r v i c e Bul le t&, no. 16 ( s p r i n g 1982). A f u r t h e r s ta tement of supplementary d e t a i l s fo l lows :

I n romanizing Hebrew, when the a l e f ( K ) is s i lent -wi thout a vowel s i g n o f i ts own-or when i t is used i n a word merely t o i n d i c a t e t h e presence of a voca l i zed sound ( s i m i l a r t o i t s usage i n Yidd i sh ) , t h e d i a c r i t i c a l mark ( ' ) i s no t used.

rosh ( n o t r30sh ) W K l

r i s h o n ( n o t r i ' shon) 1 I W H l

Afganistan ( n o t Afg ' an i s t san ) 1 K t 3 0 7 3 K X 3 K

D i a c r i t i c s t h a t a r e used t o i n d i c a t e t h a t a ve rnacu la r l e t t e r o r l e t t e r s r e p r e s e n t a sound no t produced i n Hebrew a r e t r a n s c r i b e d a s found i n t h e source .

source -bed a s

0'77 'Y T s l a r l s ( f o r Char les)

l ' ~ ' 7 ~ 1 ve-Alg ' ir ( f o r Algi r )

When romanizing names i n Hebrew and a forename i s rep resen ted by an abbrev ia t ed a l e f ( 8 ) o r ay in ( 5 0 , t h e l e t t e r is rornanized according t o t h e v o c a l i z a t i o n of t h e name f o r which it s t a n d s .

A. ( f o r Aharon) = (1 1 1 2 ~ ) .8

E. ( f o r ~ l i ' e z e r ) = ( ~ T Y ~ ~ K ) . K

' A . ( f o r ' ~ k i v a ) = ( X I ~ ~ Y ) .Y

I f t h e forename t h a t t h e i n i t i a l r e p r e s e n t s i s unknown and no c l u e s a r e a v a i l a b l e a s t o what i t s v o c a l i z a t i o n might b e , t h e l e t t e r is t r an - sc r ibed " A v f o r a l e f and "'A'' f o r a y i n .

- Cata log ing S e r v i c e B u l l e t i n , & . 2 2 / F a l l 1983 47

I f a personal name given i n a Yiddish source is o r i g i n a l l y der ived from Hebrew, romanize t h e name according t o i ts Hebrew form r a t h e r than i t s Yiddish pronounicat ion .

;1Pin = Mosheh ( n o t Moyshe)

I n c o n s t r u c t i n g romanized Hebrew words, a r t i c l e s and p r e p o s i t i o n s a r e separa ted from the words they modify by a hyphen:

Shelomoh ha-melekh veha-devorah = ; 1 i l ~ l i l l 7%;1 Tin%

melukat mi-ki t v e u-reshimot = n l D V 7 1 W l I l D DjY 1 >D

le-vet-ha-sefer ha-yesodi = 71 l 0 7 ; l 1 3 0 ; 1 - n ~ 3 L )

I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e p rov i s ions o f AACR 2 Appendices A.l-A.ll, t h e L ib ra ry of Congress a p p l i e s A.33 and A.34 when c a p i t a l i z i n g romani- z a t i o n s from Hebraic languages . In p a r t i c u l a r , n o t e t h a t i n t h e i r ve rnacu la r forms, t h e s e languages have no system o f c a p i t a l i z a t i o n and t h e r e f o r e the second sen tence o f A.34 i s e s p e c i a l l y r e l e v a n t : c a p i t a l i z e t h e f i r s t word o f a t i t l e o r a s en tence , a s we l l a s t h e f i r s t word o f t h e name o f a co rpora t e body o r a subd iv i s ion of a co rpora t e body.

be-Artsot ha -be r i t

Mekhon Tsevi le-moreshe t gedole y i & a 7 e l

Bet lohame ha-ge!asot

Romanizations of proper names a r e c a p i t a l i z e d according t o Engl ish usage. "Proper namesn i s i n t e r p r e t e d t o inc lude t h e t y p e s o f names t h a t would be c a p i t a l i z e d i n Engl ish , a s o u t l i n e d i n Appendices A. 13-A.29 (e .g . , personal names and t i t l e s : A.13; names o f r a c e s and peoples: A.14; names of h i s t o r i c a l even t s : A.21; names o f ho l idays ; A.24). A s wi th c o r p o r a t e names and t i t l e s , on ly t h e f i r s t word o f proper names c o n s i s t i n g of s e v e r a l words is c a p i t a l i z e d . Proper a d j e c t i v e s a s we l l a s proper nouns, r e g a r d l e s s of where they appear i n t h e name a r e capi- t a l i z e d . For geographic names, however, a l l proper elements o f t h e name a r e c a p i t a l i z e d .

Merkaz le-heker Yahadut Tsefon-Afrikah

Unive r s i t ah ha ' I v r i t bi-Yerushalayim

Rav Mosheh Simhah, ha-Kohen

M i t s r i m

ha-Kotel ha-ma'maravi

Milhemet ha-' olam ha-sheniyah

Yom k ipur

Kiryat Shemonah

a a l o g i n g S e r v i c e B u l l e t i n , No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

A uniform s e t o f convent ions needs t o be app l i ed t o Hebrew abbrevi- a t i o n s because o f t h e i n c r e a s i n g importance of p r e c i s e romanization f o r machine r e t r i e v a b i l i t y o f c a t a l o g i n g r eco rds . The convent ions below a r e meant t o provide guidance f o r problems r a i s e d by Hebrew c a t a l o g i n g and a r e n o t in tended t o addres s o t h e r , broader i s s u e s r e l a t i v e t o abbrevi- a t i o n s used i n o t h e r languages .

Hebrew a b b r e v i a t i o n s t r a n s c r i b e d i n t h e ve rnacu la r should be i n t h e same form a s found i n t h e source . Th i s i n c l u d e s t h e r e t e n t i o n o f any puntuat ion and d i a c r i t i c marks p e c u l i a r t o t h e source t h a t do n o t con- f l i c t wi th p resc r ibed AACR 2 punctuat ion .

7 17 i"1 pnr 7 '1 n" iv 130

A corresponding s imple , u n i v e r s a l r u l e f o r Hebrew a b b r e v i a t i o n s t r a n s c r i b e d i n romanized form escapes formulat ion. I n s t e a d , a balance must be found between t h e c i rcumstances a s s o c i a t e d wi th machine r e t r i e v - a b i l i t y and t h e f l e x i b i l i t y needed f o r a l o g i c a l Hebrew c a t a l o g . There- f o r e , t h e fo l lowing p r i n c i p l e s should be app l i ed wi th a sense o f f l e x i - b i l i t y needed f o r i n d i v i d u a l cases :

a ) g e n e r a l P r i n w : -. General ly , romani- z a t i o n of Hebrew abbreviations--whether used on b i b l i o g r a p h i c o r name a u t h o r i t y records--should be guided by t h e p r i n c i p l e of character- for- c h a r a c t e r t r a n s c r i p t i o n . That is , t h e romanized form should d u p l i c a t e the Hebrew, l e t t e r - f o r - l e t t e r .

b) g e n e r a l P r i n u : -. This l e t t e r f o r l e t t e r t r a n s c r i p t i o n should n o t , however, extend t o those marks o f punctuat ion o r d i a c r i t i c s found i n t h e ve rnacu la r source t h a t i n d i c a t e t h e Hebrew ab- b r e v i a t i o n s (such a s o r ' marks). These marks should i n s t e a d be con- ve r t ed t o pe r iods , t h e mark o f punctuat ion used t h a t i n d i c a t e s abbrevi- a t i o n s i n Engl ish . The reason f o r t h i s convers ion is t h e non-compati- b i l i t y o f quote and apost rophe- l ike marks t h a t a r e unpaired i n machine sea rch ing a c t i v i t i e s . Below a r e some examples o f t h e s e p r i n c i p l e s .

a u r c e romanbed r e c o r d

( 5 1 ) '7 R . 0 - k.k. m i s .

Although t h e above p r i n c i p l e s should s e r v e a s a g e n e r a l gu ide , t h e r e a r e c e r t a i n c a t e g o r i e s o f Hebrew a b b r e v i a t i o n s t h a t should be t r e a t e d d i f - f e r e n t l y , e i t h e r because l e t t e r - f o r - l e t t e r t r a n s c r i p t i o n is i l l o g i c a l (such a s when t h e c a t a l o g use r would be l e s s l i k e l y t o sea rch l e t t e r - f o r - l e t t e r ) o r because o f a need t o un i fy p r a c t i c e f o r what could otherwise be m u l t i p l e t r a n s c r i p t i o n p o s s i b i l i t i e s .


a ) Pers-e Acronvms. These are cambinations of let ters t h a t a r e cus tomar i ly read a s pronounceable words, a l though they a r e expressed a s a b b r e v i a t i o n s made up o f i n i t i a l s o f forenames and personal t i t l e s . These acronyms should be t r a n s c r i b e d a s words, wi th no f u r t h e r i n d i c a t i o n t h a t t h e romanizat ion i s de r ived from an abbrev ia t ion .

(7pnrv an% 721) vavi Rashi (1 in% 12 mn 727) oalm Rambam

(70 1 7 48 l ? ~ ) '"v Sha i

b) -. Since Hebrew l e t t e r s a l s o se rve a s numerals and can be expressed a s a b b r e v i a t i o n s , i n d i v i d u a l o r combinations o f l e t t e r s meant t o be numerals should be t r a n s c r i b e d a s such, wi thout any f u r t h e r i n d i c a t i o n t h a t t h e romanization i s der ived from an abbrev ia t ion .

c ) erQnouceable abbreviablons . . . This f i n a l ca tegory neces-

s a r i l y r e q u i r e s t h e use o f i n d i v i d u a l judgment. Since c e r t a i n Hebrew a b b r e v i a t i o n s a r e more commonly pronounced a s words, t h e s e should be t r a n s c r i b e d a s words r a t h e r than a s abbrev ia t ions .

z a l Hazal

(0.3 1113 1 ~ ~ 8 . 2 J 31 in) 7'm fanakh

The key p rov i s ion here should be t h e conven t iona l i ty o f pronouncing t h e a b b r e v i a t i o n , r a t h e r than j u s t whether the abbrev ia t ion i s merely pronounceable. To i l l u s t r a t e t h i s d i s t i n c t i o n f u r t h e r , i t may be pointed out t h a t c e r t a i n abbrev ia t ions t h a t could be pronounced, but a lmost never a r e should be t r ansc r ibed a s abbrev ia t ions .

'a. s h . b .R.

Also, a b b r e v i a t i o n s o r s i n g l e l e t t e r r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s of words t h a t might c o l l o q u i a l l y be pronounced but t h a t a r e g e n e r a l l y thought o f i n terms o f t h e phraseology they r e p r e s e n t , should a l s o be t r a n s c r i b e d a s a b b r e v i a t i o n s .

The Alcalay _Comolete Hebrew-Enamh Dic t iona . . re has proven use fu l i n d i s t i n g u i s h i n g between pronounceable and unpronounceable abbrev ia t ions i n many cases . I f an abbrev ia t ion is voca l i zed , cons ide r i t unpronounceable. The f i n a l judgment, however, should r e s t wi th t h e ca t a - l o g e r .

3) H e b r a w h a b e t a b b r e v i a t i o n s i n AACR 7

Caalogivg Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

The a b b r e v i a t i o n s from AACR 2, Appendix B12, a r e reproduced below toge the r wi th t h e s tandard romanizat ion a s p rac t i ced by the L ib ra ry o f Congress f o r each term and the English-language equivalency f o r each.

Y3KX07 18 ~ 1 ~ 5 3 7 it4

Y l Y I JK 1 18 U l K 18

~ ~ 5 1 ~ 5 1~ 7 1x2

1 1'173 ~ 0 7 7 3 0x7 nia 18 KT

n13 1 n 7 1 ~ > K 7 Y l?2 1On

mpn i o n - ' 7 7 7 ~

0191 n l Y D 33KXlK7

a1 17 ;ID 13072

i y n 1 3 Yt37YOY2lK3

YU7YDlKf3

OY sg o y f l . u.a . 0.a. 0. fg . bd . g i l . d .h. 2.0.

hov . h . mo. 1. h .m. tl . t,.d. Yaw mahad. m i s . nun. f a r b . farm.

ed . , pub1 i c a t ion ed., p r i n t e t a l . s.1. s .n. v o l . l e a f , s h e e t , i s s u e i . e . i . e . i s s u e pamphlet s .n . s.1. p a r t s i c , p r i n t . e r r o r year of p u b l i c a t i o n ed . no. no. r e v i s e d , improved augmented

Note t h a t i n Hebrew t h e r e is no abbrev ia t ion f o r e t a l . ( D'lflKl used t o be used) . Therefore , when the phrase e t a 1 i s p resc r ibed , use t h e La t in abbrev ia t ion only .

Hebraica Reference Check=

Among t h e number of r e f e r e n c e sources a v a i l a b l e t o Hebraica ca t a - l og ing s t a f f , t h e r e a r e s e v e r a l works t h a t a r e e s p e c i a l l y u s e f u l f o r media t ing and/or r e s o l v i n g canrmon problerns .

- E u h D i c w Alcalay' s 5 h e Co-ete Hebrew i s among t h e most f r e q u e n t l y used r e f e r e n c e t o o l s . I n a d d i t i o n t o i t s coverage of modern Hebrew words, ph rases , and terms, it a i d s i n romanizat ion by i n d i c a t i n g whether a shva is mobile o r qu ie scen t .

mobile qu ie scen t (medaber) = l ? l n (midbar) = i z l n

I n a d d i t i o n , i t d e f i n e s common a b b r e v i a t i o n s and shows when such abbre- v i a t i o n s a r e cus tomar i ly pronounced a s words by p rov id in ig v o c a l i z a t i o n f o r pronounceable abbrev ia t ions . For i n t e r p r e t a t i o n of more d i f f i c u l t , l e s s commonly used, and e s p e c i a l l y r a b b i n i c abbrev ia t ions , s e e Ash- kenazi ' s Q t s a r r o s r n e v o t .

Even-Shoshanf s , M - ~ i l o n he-ha- is g e n e r a l l y taken t o be t h e f i n a l a u t h o r i t y i n r e s o l v i n g ques t ions o f v o c a l i z a t i o n where ambigu i t i e s e x i s t i n Alcalay. Other u s e f u l f e a t u r e s o f Even-Shoshan a r e examples o f word usage i n l i t e r a r y ( f r e q u e n t l y s c r i p t u r a l ) c o n t e x t s and t h e in- c l u s i o n o f e x t e n s i v e lists o f vocal ized personal names a s p a r t o f t h e workf s appendix .

A b r i e f and e a s i l y understood gu ide t o b a s i c grammatical p r i h c i p l e s is Livny and Kokhba's A Hebrew G m a r f o r S c h o ~ u n d C o w . For more s o p h i s t i c a t e d problems of grammatical c o n s t r u c t i o n , s ee B a r k a l i ' s Lush ha-shemot h a - s h a m and m! h a - ~ e ~ a l i m ha-shalenl.


Two sources a r e a v a i l a b l e f o r informat ion on the book t r a d e a s i t r e l a t e s t o Hebraica/Judaica . These sources provide informat ion u s e f u l i n formulat ing impr in t d a t a . Both J e w i s u t e r a r v M a r k e t ~ l u and k i ~ l & B o o k Trade D i r e c t n r y supply d a t a on I s r a e l i and o the r pub l i she r s , p r i n t e r s , a g e n t s , e t c .

Besides t h e more t r a d i t i o n a l sou rces f o r geographic names such a s BGN and t h e w b b l a - L i ~ ~ _ l n c _ ~ t t Gaze t t ee . . . r , Talmi's Kol E r e t s y i d r a s a g i v e s t h e voca l i zed form of I s r a e l i p l ace names.

F i n a l l y , i t should be noted t h a t t he _ E n c v c l o ~ e m J u d a i c 3 i s t h e d e c i s i v e a u t h o r i t y f o r t h e forms o f uniform t i t l e s f o r s ac red , l i t u r - g i c a l , a n d other- c l a s s i c a l works o f Jewish l i t e r a t u r e . Also the encyclopedia i s t h e a u t h o r i t y f o r forms of personal names f o r Jewish f i g u r e s when such personages a r e n o t found i n convent ional s e c u l a r encyclopedias l i k e t h e B r i t a u , Americana, and C o l l i e r s .

a b m i n Cata lonlnn Se rv ice and Cata loninn Se rv ice B u l u

A l l t he ALA/LC romanizat ion t a b l e s have been published i n w- S e r v i c e (CS) o r Se rv ice B u l W ( C S B ) . A complete

l i s t i n g of t h e languages covered fo l lows , which c i t e s t h e a o r con- t a i n i n g t h e l a t e s t v e r s i o n o f each t a b l e , t oge the r wi th t h e l o c a t i o n o f any addenda, c o r r e c t i o n s , e t c .

Altaic languages , e .g . , Azerba i j an i CSB 19 (Winter 1982)

Amharic CS 118 (Summer 1976)

c o r r e c t i o n s CSB 9 (Summer 19801, 17 (Summer 1982)

Arabic CS 118 (Summer 1976)

c o r r e c t i o n CSB 6 ( F a l l 1979)

d i c t i o n a r i e s CSB 12 (Spr ing 1981)

Armenian CS 121 (Spr ing 1977)

Assamese CS 118 (Summer 1976)

Awadhi s e e Hindi

Be lo russ i an CS 118 (Summer 1976)

c o r r e c t i o n CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

Bengal i CS 118 (Summer 1976)


Bengali CS 118 (Summer 1976)

Bihari s e e Hindi

Braj s e e Hindi

Bulgarian CS 118 (Summer 1976)

c o r r e c t i o n s CS 119 ( F a l l 1976), CSB 5 (Summer 1979), 8 (Spr ing, 1980)

Burmese CSB 12 (Spr ing 1981 )

Chinese CS 118 (Summer 1976)

Church Slavic CS 118 (Summer 1976)

addendum CSB 9 (SUmIUer 1980)

Coptic see Greek

Divehi CSB 19 (Winter 1982)

Dogri s e e Panjabi

Georgian CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

c o r r e c t i o n CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Greek CS 118 (Summer 1976)

c o r r e c t i o n s 121 (Spr ing 1977), 122 (Summer 1977)

Gujarati cs 118 (Summer 1976)

Hebrew CS 118 (Summer 1976)

d i c t i o n a r y CSB 12 (Spr ing 1981)

addenda CSB 16 (Spr ing 1982)


Hindi CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

Japanese CSB 20 (Spr ing 1983)

ICannada CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

Khmer CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Korean CS 119 ( F a l l 1976) CSB 14 ( F a l l 1981)

Kurdish s e e Pe r s i an

Lahada s e e Panjabi

Lao CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

kpcha CSB 22 ( F a l l 1983)

Limbu CSB 22 ( F a l l 1983)

Macedonian s e e Serbian

Maithili s e e Hindi

Malayalam CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

Manipuri s e e Assamese and Bengali (cf. CSB 3 (Winter 1979), p . 8 )

Marathi CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

Moplah CSB 19 (Winter 1982)

Non-Slavic languages i n the Cyrillic alphabet CS 122 (Summer 19771, 123 ( F a l l 19771, 124 (Winter 1978), 125 (Spr ing 1978 CSB 1 (Summer 1978)

- Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

wiya CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

Ottoman Turkish CSB 5 (Summer 1979)

Pahari s e e Hindi

Pali CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Panjabi CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

Persian CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

d i c t i o n a r y CSB 12 (Spr ing 1981)

c o r r e c t i o n CSB 20 (Spr ing 1983)

Prakrit s e e S a n s k r i t

Pushto CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Ra jasthani s e e Hindi

Russian CS 119 ( F a l l 1976)

Santali CSB 8 (Spr ing 1980)

Sanskrit CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Serbian CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Sindhi CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Sinhalese CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Syriac see Hebrew


Tamil CS 120 (Winter 1977)

T e l u g u CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Thai CS 120 (Winter 1977)

T i b e t a n CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Ukrainian CS 120 (Winter 1977)

c o r r e c t i o n s CSB 5 (Summer 1979) , 8 (Spr ing 1980

Urdu CS 120 (Winter 1977)

Yiddish s e e Hebrew

1 ) Th i s i s s u e c o n t a i n s two new romanizat ion t a b l e s , Lepcha and Limbu, both languages o f t h e Tibeto-Burman family. They a r e spoken i n Nepal, Sikkim, and p o r t i o n s of West Bengal. The t a b l e s were developed by L ib ra ry of Congress s t a f f i n New Delhi , wi th a d d i t i o n a l work by t h e ALA/RTSD/CCS/Committee on Cata loging: Asian and African Mate r i a l s , and they have been approved by t h a t committee.

Cataloging ServiceBulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

SUBJECT W I N G S OF CURRENT INTWST

nd a u a r t e r . 1981

Adver t is ing and c h i l d r e n ( I n d i r e c t ) Aged o f f ende r s ( I n d i r e c t ) Appropriate technology ( I n d i r e c t ) A t r i u m b u i l d i n g s ( I n d i r e c t ) C las s consciousness ( I n d i r e c t ) Computer b u l l e t i n boards Computer games ( I n d i r e c t ) C r i s i s management ( I n d i r e c t ) Developing c o u n t r i e s

(Formerly: Underdeveloped a r e a s ) D i r e c t marketing ( I n d i r e c t ) E lec t ron ic pub l i sh ing ( I n d i r e c t ) Goal s e t t i n g i n personnel management ( I n d i r e c t ) Gun c o n t r o l ( I n d i r e c t ) High technology ( I n d i r e c t ) High technology i n d u s t r i e s ( I n d i r e c t ) I n c e s t v i c t i m s ( I n d i r e c t ) L e g i s l a t i v e v e t o ( I n d i r e c t ) M i l i t a r y s u r v e i l l a n c e ( I n d i r e c t ) New wave music ( I n d i r e c t ) Plants--Extinc t i o n Robotics ( I n d i r e c t ) Robots ( I n d i r e c t ) Sexua l ly abused c h i l d r e n ( I n d i r e c t ) Space astronomy Stock index f u t u r e s ( ~ n d i r e c t ) Urban d i a l e c t s ( ~ n d i r e c t ) Urban poor ( I n d i r e c t ) Word process ing

(Formerly: Word process ing ( O f f i c e p r a c t i c e ) ) Word p rocesso r s

It is customary t o d i v i d e by p lace c e r t a i n c a t e g o r i e s o f co rpora t e headings t o b r i n g out t h e a c t u a l phys ica l presence o f t h e c o r p o r a t e body o r i ts i n d i v i d u a l members i n t h e p l ace i n d i c a t e d by t h e geographic subd iv i s ion . Although t h i s technique i s used most f r e q u e n t l y f o r r e l i g i o n s and r e l i g i o u s o r d e r s , t h e r e a r e occas iona l ly o t h e r headings f o r which i t is a p p r o p r i a t e .

Cathol ic Church-United S t a t e s J e s u i t s-France Peace Corps (U.S.)--Ghana

Through 1982, such subd iv i s ion o f a co rpora t e heading could be au thor i zed only by p r i n t i n g the name heading i n LCSH wi th t h e n o t a t i o n L I n d i r e c t ) . Beginning i n 1983, however, i t was decided t o au thor i ze i n d i r e c t subd iv ions o f co rpora t e body headings i n t h e name a u t h o r i t y record f o r t h e heading.

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 2 2 1 Fall 1983

Cur ren t ly , t h i s informat ion is conveyed i n a 667 f i e l d l a b e l l e d SUBJECT USAGE using s tandard wording.

001 n 79-41716 1 10 Ca tho l i c Church. 667 SUBJECT USAGE: When used a s a s u b j e c t , t h i s

heading may be subdivided i n d i r e c t l y by p lace . 41 0 Church o f Rome 670 Der r i ck , C. C.S. Lewis and t h e Church of Rome,

~ 1 9 8 1 : t . p . (Church of Rome)

With t h e implementation o f an enhancement t o t h e LC a u t h o r i t y system i n e a r l y 1984, a u t h o r i z a t i o n t o d i v i d e a co rpora t e body by p lace w i l l be des ignated by va lue l1il1 i n by te 6 o f t h e 0 8 f i e l d , and r eco rds i n which t h e a u t h o r i z a t i o n appeared i n t h e 667 f i e l d w i l l be changed accord ing ly .

Corporate headings a l r e a d y p r i n t e d i n LCSH on ly t o a u t h o r i z e i n d d i r e c t subd iv i s ion a r e being cance l l ed from LCSH. The informat ion is being recorded i n t h e corresponding name a u t h o r i t y r eco rd . Un t i l t h i s has been accomplished, however, t h e presence o f an AACR 2 co rpora t e heading wi th n o t a t i o n (&!J.jrect) i n LCSH may a l s o be const rued a s a u t h o r i t y t o d i v i d e t h a t heading by p lace .

The former LC s u b j e c t heading - g a r e a s was cance l l ed i n June 1983 i n f avor o f t h e heading D e v e l o ~ i n n c o u n t r i e s .

It is important t o recognize , however, t h a t t h i s c a n c e l l a t i o n and s u b s t i t u t i o n do no t i nvo lve a simple one-to-one change. A change i n concept and usage a r e involved a s wel l . The obso le t e express ion Under- - was t r e a t e d s t r i c t l y a s a concept and i n accordance wi th t h e usage developed i n t h e l a t e 1960s was subdivided by p a r t i c u l a r t o p i c s , e .g . , U n d e r d e v d o ~ e d w e a s -- En- e r i u . By 1983, over 400 t o p i c a l subd iv i s ions had been e s t a b l i s h e d under t h e heading.

J l e v e w c o u n t r i e g is t r e a t e d s o l e l y a s a geographic e n t i t y . Therefore , a l l p rev ious ly e x i s t i n g subd iv i s ions under Underdeve lo~ea areas were cance l l ed and were n o t r e i n s t a t e d under the new heading. Henceforth, if t h e t o p i c t h a t is t o be used i n combination wi th )eve-- - is f u r t h e r subdivided by p lace , nev_elaDina c o u n t r i e g w i l l be a s s igned a s a l o c a l subd iv i s ion .

Engineering--Developing c o u n t r i e s

On t h e o t h e r hand, if t h e t o p i c i s r e g u l a r l y brought ou t a s a t o p i c a l subd iv i s ion under p a r t i c u l a r p l aces , w i l l be ass igned a s t h e p l ace i n s u b j e c t heading s t r i n g s of t h e type -- e .g . , p e v e w countries--Commerce .

The heading wi th scope no tes w i l l appear i n LCSH a s fo l lows:

Developing c o u n t r i e s Here a r e en te red comprehensive works on those c o u n t r i e s

having r e l a t i v e l y low p e r c a p i t a incomes i n comparsion wi th North American and Western European c o u n t r i e s .

This heading may be subdivided by those t o p i c a l sub- d i v i s i o n s used under names o f r eg ions , c o u n t r i e s , e t c . , e .g . , Developing countries--Economic c o n d i t i o n s , and may be used a s a geographic subd iv i s ion under those t o p i c s au thor i zed f o r l o c a l subd iv i s ion , e .g . , Techn- ology--Developing c o u n t r i e s .

a Technical a s s i s t a n c e

58 Cataloging Servicegulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

a Technica l a s s i s t a n c e H. m e r g i n g n a t i o n s

Four th World LDC s Leas t developed c o u n t r i e s Less developed c o u n t r i e s Newly i n d u s t r i a l i z i n g c o u n t r i e s Thi rd World Underdeveloped a r e a s Underdeveloped c o u n t r i e s Economic development I n d u s t r i a l i z a t i o n Techn ica l a s s i s t a n c e

OBSOLETE FOLgLORE HEADINGS IN LCSH

Changes i n p r a c t i c e concerning t h e t r e a t m e n t o f f o l k l o r e m a t e r i a l s were announced i n S e r v i c e B u l l e t i n , no. 14, p . 58-64. It was noted t h e r e t h a t t h e co r r e spond ing c l e a n o u t of LCSH would be handled a s a s p e c i a l p r o j e c t .

The p r o j e c t t u rned ou t t o be s o l a r g e t h a t it could n 2 t be comp- l e t e d i n one year . The re fo re , t h e v a r i o u s changes i n v o l v i n g t h e ob- s o l e t e heading F o l k l o r e and r e l a t e d head ings w i l l appear i n a t l e a s t t h r e e annual supplements t o LCSH.

The changes i n v o l v i n g t h e main heading i t s e l f appea r i n t h e 1981 supplement. T h i s i n c l u d e s t h e change from Folk-10rs t o F o l k l o r e . Con- v e r s i o n o f head ings o f t h e t ype [-in r e l i g i o n . f o l k - l o r e . e t c . ) a p p e a r s i n t h e 1982 supplement (mainly t h e second q u a r t e r ) . An example o f t h i s t ype o f change is F i r e ( i n r e l i n i o n . f o lk - lo r e . e t q . ) which was r ep l aced by t h e head ings Fi re-Folk lore ; Fire-Mvthology; and/or F i re- R e l i n i o u s a s ~ e c t s , a s a p p r o p r i a t e . I n t h e 1983 supplement w i l l appear most o f t h e c a n c e l l a t i o n s o f head ings o f t h e t ype F o l k - b r a m l i f i e r ] , a s w e l l a s s i m i l a r head ings e s t a b l i s h e d i n un ive r t ed form, e .g . , Fo&lore. C a l u and Ch inese a e r i c a n f u - l o r e . The p r a c t i c e is now t o use t h e s u b d i v i s i o n -Folk lore under names o f e t h n i c g roups ,

T h i s i s an updated v e r s i o n o f t h e g u i d e l i n e s t h a t appeared i n w- w, b u l l e t i n 119, p . 19-22.

&$g~ope. Unless t h e y a r e exceed ing ly g e n e r a l i n n a t u r e , most b io- g r a p h i c a l works c o n t a i n a t l e a s t two k i n d s o f i n fo rma t ion : i n fo rma t ion r e g a r d i n g t h e l i v e s o f p a r t i c u l a r pe r sons and i n fo rma t ion on t h e s u b j e c t a r e a s o r d i s c i p l i n e s w i t h which t h e s e persons were a s s o c i a t e d . The purpose o f t h e s e g u i d e l i n e s i s t o p rov ide guidance i n a s s i g n i n g s u b j e c t head ings t o works o f c o l l e c t i v e o r i n d i v i d u a l b iography.

D e f i n i t a . For t h e purposes o f t h e s e g u i d e l i n e s b i o n r a ~ h y r e f e r s t o t h e s p e c i a l g e n r e of works c o n s i s t i n g o f l i f e h i s t o r i e s o f i n d i v i - d u a l s , whether w r i t t e n by t h e i n d i v i d u a l s themselves o r by o t h e r s .

Jnd iv idua l b a r a ~ h y r e f e r s t o a work devoted s o l e l y t o t h e l i f e o f a s i n g l e i n d i v i d u a l . C o l l e c t i v e b i o a r a ~ h y r e f e r s t o a work t h a t con- sists o f two o r more l i f e h i s t o r i e s . A b i o g r a p h i c a l work may t e l l t h e complete l i f e s t o r y o f an i n d i v i d u a l ( c o m ~ l e t e b ioaraohx) o r it may p r e s e n t on ly c e r t a i n d e t a i l s o f t h e b i o g r a p h e e t s l i f e ( p a r t i a k b i o ~ r a ~ h v ) .

Cataloging Service Bullein, No. 22 / Fall 1983

Regard any work a s t r u e b iography i f i t makes a s e r i o u s a t t emp t t o p r e s e n t g e r s o u d e t a i l s o f t h e l i f e o f an i n d i v i d u a l . These d e t a i l s should n o t r e p r e s e n t chance f a c t s i n a t e x t on o t h e r t o p i c s b u t should be syn thes i zed and i n t e n t i o n a l l y p r e sen t ed a s a s u b s t a n t i a l p o r t i o n o f t h e work. Although i t i s n ~ t neces sa ry t o adhe re t o t h e f i g u r e s t r i c t l y , g e n e r a l l y a work w i th l e s s than 20% b i o g r a p h i c a l d e t a i l s should no t q u a l i f y a s t r u e b iography i n t h e s ense used he re . Pe r sona l d e t a i l s i n c l u d e e a r l y y e a r s , e d u c a t i o n , mar r i age , p e r s o n a l h a b i t s and p e r s o n a l i t y , f ami ly l i f e , t r a v e l s , pe r sona l expe r i ences and t r a g e d i e s , l a s t y e a r s and d e a t h .

Do n o t c o n s i d e r a work of p a r t i a l b iography t o b e a b i o g r a p h i c a l work i f , i n s t e a d o f p r e s e n t i n g pe r sona l d e t a i l s concerning a pe r son ' s l i f e , i t l i m i t s i t s e l f t o such non-personal m a t t e r s a s p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n a p r o f e s s i o n , dwe l l i ng p l a c e s , a r t c o l l e c t i o n s , con t empora r i e s , con- temporary e v e n t s .

S u b d i v i s i o n s t h a t d e s i ~ n a t e b i o ~ r ~ h v

1 ) U t r o d u c t u . Various s u b d i v i s i o n s a r e used t o d e s i g n a t e b io- g r aphy , and t h e s e a r e l i s t e d i n t h e t a b l e below. Not inc luded i n t h e l is t , however, a r e t hose s u b d i v i s i o n s used under names o f i n d i v i d u a l pe r sons , i n c l u d i n g l i t e r a r y a u t h o r s .

2) The S u b d i v i s i o n n B i o ~ r a ~ h v n . Use t h i s s u b d i v i s i o n a s t h e b a s i c s u b d i v i s i o n f o r t h e concep t o f b iography, d e s i g n a t i n g n o t o n l y i n d i v i - d u a l and c o l l e c t i v e b iography, b u t a l s o au tob iog raphy , pe r sona l remini- s c e n c e s , and pe r sona l n a r r a t i v e s . Its use under p a r t i c u l a r c a t e g o r i e s o f head ings i s provided i n t h e t a b l e below. Always u se t h e s u b d i v i s i o n under t h e p e r t i n e n t c l a s s of pe r sons , never t h e co r r e spond ing f i e l d o r d i s c i p l i n e , i f a c h o i c e is p o s s i b l e . Never f u r t h e r subd iv ide t h e sub- d i v i s i o n Biography by Dictionaries.

3) S u b d i v i s i o n s t h q t d e s m a t e b i o m . Below i s a t a b l e t h a t i n d i c a t e s t h e c a t e g o r y o f headings under which a p a r t i c u l a r b i o g r a p h i c a l s u b d i v i s i o n may be used . A l l s u b d i v i s i o n s a r e f r e e - f l o a t i n g excep t a s no t ed .

SUBDIVISIONS THAT DESIGNATE BIOGRAPHY

Subd iv i s ions C l a s s o f Disc i - Organi- E thn i c P l ace Events pe r sons p l i n e s z a t i o n s g roups wars

Anecdotes X

Anecdotes, X X f a c e t i a e , s a t i r e , e t c .

Biography X X* X X X X

Biography--Anecdotes, f a c e t i a e , s a t i r e , e t c .

Correspondence X X

Genealogy X X X

Iconography X

I n t e r v i e w s X X X

6 0 Cataloging Service B u l l e t i n , N o . 22 / Fall 1983

.- Personal n a r r a t i v e s X

P o r t r a i t s X X X

*Not f r e e - f l o a t i n g . Each new use under a s p e c i f i c d i s c i p l i n e is e s t a b l i s h e d .

P r o v i s i u f o r Local H i s to rv and Genea1Qg.y

Always a s s i g n t o works o f i n t e r e s t t o l o c a l h i s t o r i a n s and genealo- g i s t s an e x t r a p l a c e - t o ~ k heading, i f none o f t h e headings ass igned a s a r e s u l t o f normal c a t a l o g i n g deno tes t h e p e r t i n e n t p lace i n t h e first p o s i t i o n .

1 ) Genera-. To any c o l l e c t i v e o r i n d i v i d u a l bio- g r a p h i c a l work, a s s i g n i n s o f a r a s p o s s i b l e a combination o f t h e f o l - lowing types of headings:

[name o r names o f persons discussed] [ c l a s s of persons t o which t h e persons d i scussed

belong]-Biography [ a d d i t i o n a l b iog raph ica l headings f o r o r g a n i z a t i o n ,

e t h n i c group, p l ace , even t , sex] [ a d d i t i o n a l s p e c i f i c t o p i c s , a s appropr i a t e ]

Each o f t h e above t y p e s i s d i scussed below.

2) t h e b i m h e e ( s 1 . Bring out t h e names o f t h e person d i scussed i n t h e work, a s long a s no more than t h r e e o r fou r names a r e des igna ted . I f a work o f c o l l e c t i v e biography d i s c u s s e s more than t h i s number, do no t b r i n g o u t i n d i v i d u a l names.

*

a ) t o ~ i c of t h e b-. For both c o l l e c t i v e and in- d i v i d u a l b iography, b r ing ou t t h e s u b j e c t a r e a o r a c t i v i t y wi th which the biographees a r e i d e n t i f i e d , i f any, by a l s o a s s ign ing a heading of t h e fo l lowing type :

[ c l a s s o f person]-[place, i f appropriate]-Biography

Plumbers-Maryland-Biography Entertainers-California-Los Angeles-Biography Heads o f state-Biography Mexican American women-Texas-Biography Soccer-United States-Re ferees-Biography

Headings o f t h i s type r e p r e s e n t t h e means by which t h e f i e l d o r a c t i v i t y d i scussed is des ignated. Therefore , do n o t a s s i g n i n a d d i t i o n t h e heading f o r t h e f i e l d o r d i s c i p l i n e i t s e l f . For example, do n o t a s s i g n Chemistry i f Chemists is ass igned. Do no t a s s i g n headings of t h i s type t o works t h a t a r e n o t considered t o be b iog raph ica l .

b) No C l a s s of Dersons h w av-. I f f o r c o l l e c t i v e biography t h e heading r e p r e s e n t i n g t h e s p e c i a l c l a s s o f person does n o t e x i s t a s a v a l i d heading and it is impossible t o e s t a b l i s h i t , use t h e b iog raph ica l subd iv i s ion under t h e heading f o r t h e corresponding d i s - c i p l i n e .


I n t h i s c a s e , t h e r e is no one term encompassing every c l a s s o f persons found i n t h e f i e l d o f a r t , i nc lud ing a r t i s t s , d e a l e r s , col - l e c t o r s , museum personnel . The subd iv i s ion Biography i n t h i s i n s t a n c e i s no t f r e e - f l o a t i n g . Each new usage is e s t a b l i s h e d .

c ) Select ina_the~ro~r ia te O s s of nersons h e a u . I f p o s s i b l e , s e l e c t t h e one comprehensive c l a s s of persons heading t h a t encompasses t h e c a r e e r o r l i f e l o n g p u r s u i t s o f t h e biographees.

-. For persons who s p e c i a l i z e i n s e v e r a l f i e l d s , b r i n g o u t by s e p a r a t e headings on ly those c a r e e r s desc r ibed i n the work.

I f a complete biography is provided, a s s i g n two o r more headings b e s t c a p t u r i n g t h e e s sence o f t h e pe r son( s ) a s long a s t h e s e p a r a t e f i e l d s brought ou t a r e q u i t e d i s p a r a t e i n n a t u r e . Assign e x t r a headings spa r ing ly . Do n o t a t t empt t o name every a c t i v i t y , only t h e b e s t known a c t i v i t i e s , such a s what a g e n e r a l encyclopedia would provide a s a summary o f t h e l i f e o r l i v e s i n ve ry b r i e f terms. It should r a r e l y be necessa ry t o a s s i g n more than two such headings.

I f t h e work focuses on ly on one c a r e e r , a s s i g n on ly t h e heading f o r t h a t c a r e e r . For example, a work d i scuss ing Schwei t ze r l s expe r i ences a s a medical miss ionary would be ass igned on ly a heading f o r t h a t a s p e c t o f h i s c a r e e r . Before c a t a l o g i n g a biography of such a person, however, check t h e b i b l i o g r a p h i c d a t a base t o achieve con- s i s t e n c y among t h e headings ass igned t o t h e b iog raph ies o f p a r t i c u l a r c a t e g o r i e s of persons .

d ) s ~ e d i b s b l w r a ~ h i c a l . . -. I f a p p r o p r i a t e

f o r t h e i t em, a s s i g n a more s p e c i f i c subd iv i s ion i n s t e a d o f t h e sub- d i v i s i o n Biography under t h e c l a s s of persons heading ( s e e t a b l e above).

E n t e r t a i n e r ~ ~ l n t e r v i e w s Poe t s , English-20th century-Correspondence Afro-American a r t i s t s - P o r t r a i t s

4) -cal h e a m . In a d d i t i o n t o the c l a s s o f persons heading, a l s o a s s i g n t o bo th c o l l e c t i v e and i n d i v i d u a l biography a d d i t i o n a l b iog raph ica l headings when p o s s i b l e t o b r i n g out t he organi- z a t i o n , e t h n i c group, p l ace , even t , o r sex. Headings o f t h i s t ype become more important i f no s p e c i a l s u b j e c t a r e a o r d i s c i p l i n e can be des igna ted ; t h e s e headings then become t h e on ly means whereby t o p i c a l a s p e c t s o f t h e work can be accessed.

United S t a t e s . Navy-Biography Afro-Americans-Genealogy New York (N.Y.)-Biography-Portraits World War, 1914-1918-Anecdotes

a) Q m a n i z a t i o ~ . Bring out t h e o rgan iza t ion t o which t h e biographees belong.

Chemists i n t h e Dept. of Agr i cu l tu re . 1. Chemists-Uni ted States-Biography . 2. United S t a t e s . Dept. o f Agr i cu l tu re -Of f i c i a l s

and employees-Biography . b) Ethn* aroug. If p o s s i b l e , f o r c o l l e c t i v e biography a l -

ways des igna te t h e e t h n i c group t o which t h e biographees belong. For i n d i v i d u a l biography i n g e n e r a l i gnore e t h n i c group a f f i l i a t i o n . How- e v e r , i f t h e po in t o f t h e work is t h e personal i d e n t i f i c a t i o n with an e t h n i c group, a s s i g n the heading f o r i n d i v i d u a l biography a s we l l . Th i s means t h a t a t l e a s t two headings a r e r equ i red : 1) t h e c l a s s of persons and 2 ) t h e c l a s s o f persons q u a l i f i e d by t h e e t h n i c group ( s e e example below).

6 2 Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Pall 1983

c ) w. For c o l l e c t i v e biography, a s a gene ra l r u l e b r i n g ou t p l ace by headings of t h e type [place]-Biography, a s long a s t h e b iographees have l o c a l s i g n i f i c a n c e . However, i f l o c a l i t y i s no t important , omit t h e heading. A t y p i c a l s i t u a t i o n when the heading would be omit ted is when a c l a s s o f persons heading ass igned t o t h e work is subdivided l o c a l l y o n l y by t h e name o f a country ( i .e., a l o c a l i t y o f t h e country is n o t brought o u t ) . Always a s s i g n t h e heading i f a c l a s s o f persons heading is n o t a s s igned .

ack C o u e n e m e r s i n u. 1. College teachers-Ohio-Biography. 2. Afro-American c o l l e g e teachers-Ohio-Bio-

graphy 3. Ohio-Biography .

U v e s o f Ea r lv A b u e . Tex.. Cowbovs,

1. Cowboys-Texas-Abilene-Biography . 2. F r o n t i e r and pioneer life-Texas-Abilene. 3. Ab i l e n e ( Tex . ) -Biography.

1. Virginia-History-Colonial pe r iod , c a . 1600-1775-Biography.

2. Virginia-Biography . i v i d u a l b i o a r a ~ h y . I f a c l a s s of persons heading is

a l s o a s s igned , do no t a s s i g n t h e p l ace heading u n l e s s i t is c l e a r t h a t t he person has l o c a l s i g n i f i c a n c e . On the o t h e r hand, always a s s i g n the p l ace heading i f t h e c l a s s of persons heading i s no t a s s igned .

John Smith. -1 Town Resident .

1. Smith, John. 2. [name o f town]-Biography.

For tv Years of Fee t i n NYC, by John Smith.

1. Smith, John. 2. Podiatrists-Biography-New York (N.Y.)

d) Event o r war. Always b r i n g out a s p e c i f i c event o r war i n which t h e biographee( s ) p a r t i c i p a t e d

Lives of E n t e r t a i n e r s who Served i n World War 11,

1. Entertainers-Biography . 2. World War, 1939-1945-Biography.

e ) m r a ~ h ~ about women. For c o l l e c t i v e biography, b r i n g o u t t h e f i e l d i n which women have been a c t i v e by a s s ign ing a t l e a s t two headings: 1) c l a s s of persons subdivided by Biography and 2) feminine c l a s s o f persons with subd iv i s ion Biography.

L i v e s of America's Famous Ladv Wres t l e r s ,

1 . Wrestlers-United States-Biography . 2. Women wrestlers-United States-Biography .

Famous American Ac t re s ses .

1. Ac tors-United States-Biography . 2. Actresses-United States-Biography .


u a l b i o a r a ~ h v . In g e n e r a l i gnore sex , a s s ign ing headings on ly f o r t h e g e n e r a l c l a s s o f persons ( i . e . , t h e f i r s t o f t h e two headings i n the above examples). However, i f t h e p o i n t o f t h e work is t o b r i n g ou t personal expe r i ences a s a woman, a s s i g n t h e feminine c l a s s o f persons heading a s w e l l .

5) W s D e c l f - . , . , . After a s s ign ing headings of t h e

v a r i o u s types desc r ibed above, o t h e r s p e c i f i c t o p i c s d iscussed i n t h e work may still remain undesignated. Bring t h e s e ou t us ing s tandard s u b j e c t headings wi thout s p e c i a l b iog raph ica l subd iv i s ions .

Confess ions of a W a s w o n P h o t o a r a ~ h e r . w i th m t s i n t o t h e P h o t o a r a ~ h v of Weddine , by John Smith . 1. Smith, John. 2. Wedding photography. 3. Pho tography-Washington ( D . C. )-Biography

6 ) ~ a r t w r a ~ h e . A work may dea l only o b l i q u e l y wi th t h e l i f e of an i n d i v i d u a l , and t h e r e may o r may no t be persbnal d e t a i l s concerning t h e person. T rea t t h e work a s a b iog raph ica l work a s long a s per- sona l b iog raph ica l d e t a i l s concerning t h e i n d i v i d u a l make up a t l e a s t 20% of t h e work, even i f a complete l i f e h i s t o r y is n o t presented. I f t h i s requirement i s no t met, such a s when an i n d i v i d u a l ' s e f f o r t s o r c o n t r i b u t i o n s i n an under taking a r e desc r ibed without personal d e t a i l s , t r e a t t h e work merely a s a t o p i c a l work. In t h e l a t t e r s i t u a t i o n , a s - s i g n no b iograph ica l headings , but i n a l l c a s e s b r ing out t he name o f t h e person d i scussed .

m r a ~ h i c a l t r e a t .

The Pe r sona l U f e of a General Durina a War.

1. Pa t ton , George S. (George Smith) , 1885-1945. 2. World War, 1939-1945-Biography. 3. General s-Uni ted States-Biography . 4. United S t a t e s . Army-Biography .

i e n t i s t ' s Personal E f f o r t s t o D e v e l o ~ a Ney Technoloav

1. Oppenheimer, J. Robert , 1904-1967. 2. Atomic bomb-History. 3. Physicists-United States-Biography.

A Government M i n i s t e r ' s P e r s o n a l E x ~ e r i e n c e s D u r m Per iod .

1. Walpole, Robert , Ea r l of Oxford, 1676-1745. 2. Great B r i t a i n - P o l i t i c s and government-1714-1760. 3. Prime ministers-Great Britain-Biography.

N o n b i o a r a ~ h i c a l t r e a t m e n t

The C a m ~ a m s of Pa t ton i n b r l d War 11.

1. World War, 1939-1945-Campaigns-Western. 2. Pa t ton , George S. (George Smith) , 1885-1945.

H i s to rv of t h e Atomic Bomb Under ODDenheimerls leaders hi^.

1. Atomic bomb-History . 2. Oppenheimer, J. Robert , 1904-1967.

64 Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983

The Bri- Government Durjgg t h e W a l ~ o a e Years.

1. Great B r i t a i n - P o l i t i c s and government-1714-1760. 2. Walpole, Robert , Ea r l of Orford, 1676-1745.

7 ) g e n e r a l c o l l e c t i v e b i 0 ~ r m . Use t h e heading Biography wi th p e r t i n e n t t ime per iod subd iv i s ion f o r g e n e r a l works f o r which more s p e c i f i c informat ion p e r t a i n i n g t o c a r e e r s i s n o t provided.

Biography-Middle Ages, 500-1500

For gene ra l c o l l e c t i v e biography i n s p e c i a l forms, use t h e appro- p r i a t e form headings , e .g . , Anecdotes; Autobiographies; D i a r i e s ; In t e rv iews ; L e t t e r s ; O b i t u a r i e s ; P o r t r a i t s .

t u a t i o n s Invo ly jna U&ividu& B i o w

It is sometimes d i f f i c u l t t o dec ide i f t h e work should be given b iograph ica l r a t h e r than t o p i c a l t r ea tmen t . Addi t ional g u i d e l i n e s f o r making such d e c i s i o n s i n s p e c i a l s i t u a t i o n s a r e o f fe red below. A d i s - t i n c t i v e f e a t u r e o f b iog raph ica l t r ea tmen t is t h e a s s ign ing of a bio- g r a p h i c a l heading of t h e type [ c l a s s o f persons]-Biography. Therefore , most o f t h e s i t u a t i o n s a r e desc r ibed i n terms of whether o r no t t o add t h i s heading .

1) Artists. Do n o t a s s i g n the b iog raph ica l heading t o works con- t a i n i n g r ep roduc t ions o f an a r t i s t ' s works u n l e s s t h e r e is s u b s t a n t i a l i n fo rma t ion about t h e a r t i s t ' s personal l i f e ( a t l e a s t 20% of t h e t e x t ) . I f t h e t e x t limits i t s e l f t o a d i s c u s s i o n o f t h e a r t i s t ' s works and a b i l i t y a s an a r t i s t , omit t h e heading.

2) F e s t s c h r i f t e n . Do no t a s s i g n the b iog raph ica l heading i n ad- d i t i o n t o t h e normal headings f o r F e s t s c h r i f t e n u n l e s s t h e F e s t s c h r i f t devo tes a t l e a s t 20% of i t s t e x t t o t r u e b iog raph ica l d e t a i l s concerning t h e honoree.

Discuss ions about t h e honoreef s c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o t h e f i e l d do n o t apply . It is assumed t h e r e f o r e t h a t ve ry few F e s t s c h r i f t e n w i l l r e c e i v e the b iog raph ica l heading .'

3) Founders o f r w . Assign a s t h e b iog raph ica l heading the b iog raph ica l heading used f o r t h e r e l i g i o n i n gene ra l .

C h r i s t use C h r i s t i a n biography Mohammed use Muslims-Biography Buddha use Buddhist s-Biography

4) L i t e r a r v author&. Assign t o a biography of a l i t e r a r y au thor a t l e a s t two headings: 1) t he name o f t h e au thor subdivided by Bio- graphy and 2) the b iog raph ica l heading.

1. Keats, John, 1795-1821-Biography. 2. Poe t s , English-19th century-Biography.

I f t h e work c o n t a i n s no t o n l y b iog raph ica l i n fo rma t ion , b u t a l s o c r i t i c i s m of t h e a u t h o r ' s l i t e r a r y e f f o r t s , t r a c i n g 1 above becomes t h e name wi thout subd iv i s ion and t r a c i n g 2 remains t h e same.

The names of l i t e r a r y a u t h o r s may be subdivided by v a r i o u s t o p i c a l subd iv i s ions . The fol lowing s u b d i v i s i o n s a r e t y p i c a l o f c r i t i c a l works wi thout b iog raph ica l informat ion: Aes the t i c s ; C r i t i c i s m and inter- p r e t a t i o n ; S t y l e , e t c . Normally when they a r e a s s igned , t h e r e f o r e , no b iog raph ica l heading is as s igned . I n t h e above example, i f t h e work merely c r i t i c i z e s t h e a u t h o r ' s l i t e r a r y e f f o r t s wi thout supplying bio-

Ca t a log ing Service Bulletin, No. 22 / F a l l 1983

g r a p h i c a l i n fo rma t ion , a s s i g n a s t r a c i n g 1 t h e name o f t h e au thor wi th a p p r o p r i a t e subd iv i s ion and omit t r a c i n g 2. The c r i t i c a l p o i n t s i n t h i s mixture of biography and c r i t i c i s m a r e 20% and 80%.

r k wi th B h ~ p r a ~ h v - C r i t i d s m Miy I

Assign : I Assign: I Assign: 1. [author]- I 1. [ au thor ] . i 1. [author l - C r i t i c i s m 1 2. [ c l a s s of authors]-Biography. 1 Biography. and i n t e r - I 1 2. [ c l a s s of p r e t a t i o n . I authors]-

I Biography

20% Inc reas ing % biography 80 % 100%

For p a r t i a l biography o r biography i n s p e c i a l form, a s s i g n t h e two requ i red headings s p e c i f i e d above wi th a p p r o p r i a t e subd iv i s ions under each.

1, Keats, John, 1795-1821-Relationship wi th women. 2. Poets , English-19th century-Biography.

Typical-y,subdivisions used under names of l i t e r a r y a u t h o r s t h a t would poss ib ly be i n d i c a t i v e o f t r u e biography: Anecdotes; Biography wi th p o s s i b l e f u r t h e r subd iv i s ion ; Chronology; Correspondence; I n t e r - views; R e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h women.

Some subd iv i s ions used under names o f l i t e r a r y a u t h o r s may be f ence - s t r add le r s and cannot be used t o determine i f t h e work i s bio- g r a p h i c a l o r c r i t i c a l . Homes and haun t s i s such a subd iv i s ion . It may be used t o d e s c r i b e r epea ted v i s i t s t o a p l ace o r t h e s t r u c t u r e s t h a t an au thor once occupied.

5) P e t Ownera. Do no t a s s i g n b iograph ica l headings t o personal accoun t s o f l i f e w i th a p a r t i c u l a r kind of p e t , u n l e s s t h e owner is p r o f e s s i o n a l l y involved wi th t h e animal ( e .g . , t r a i n e r s , horsemen, keepe r s , p sycho log i s t s )

For the normal s i t u a t i o n a s s i g n two headings: 1) t he name o f t h e owner and 2 ) the kind of animal subdivided by t h e subd iv i s ion Biography o r t h e subd iv i s ion Anecdotes.

6) J2U,J,~soahers. Many works t h a t d i s c u s s a ph i losopher ' s c o n t r i - bu t ion t o a p a r t i c u l a r f i e l d a r e ass igned headings o f t he type Ilname_o_f

~ h e r l - r a s c i ~ w . . . Do no t a s s i g n t h e b iog raph ica l heading t o such works u n l e s s t h e r e is s u b s t a n t i a l informat ion about t h e phi lo- sophe r ' s personal l i f e ( a t l e a s t 20%).

7 ) m. For b iograph ica l works about i n d i v i d u a l a t h l e t e s , b r i n g o u t t h e s p o r t i n which t h e biographee is engaged by a s s i g n i n g t h e appropr i a t e c l a s s of persons heading, e .g . , Foo tba l l p l a y e r s , Go l fe r s , Swimmers.

1. King, B i l l i e Jean. 2. Tennis players-United States-Biography .

For i n d i v i d u a l biography, do n o t des igna te s p e c i a l c l a s s of p l aye r s of i n d i v i d u a l s p o r t s . Designate only t h e p l aye r s a t t he s p o r t l e v e l , e .g . Baseball p l a y e r s , n o t P i t c h e r s (Baseba l l ) . &&: This p o l i c y is t h e oppos i t e f o r c o l l e c t i v e biography where s p e c i f i c c a t e g o r i e s of p l a y e r s a r e des ignated when p o s s i b l e and p r a c t i c a b l e . .

8) Stat_esmen -. If a work p r e s e n t s personal f a c t s con- ce rn ing t h e l i f e o f a p o l i t i c i a n , statesman, o r r u l e r , a s s i g n 1) t h e pe r sona l name, p o s s i b l y wi th t o p i c a l subd iv i s ion , i f appropr i a t e and a u t h o r i z e d , e .g . , Childhood and youth , and 2 ) the b iog raph ica l heading,

-<

Cataloging Service Bulleti-n. No. 22 / Fall 1983

i . e . , t h e c l a s s of persons subdivided by Biography ( o r more s p e c i f i c b iog raph ica l subd iv i s ion , i f a p p r o p r i a t e ) . The fol lowing a r e examples of t r a c i n g 2:

Statesmen-United States-Biography Great Britain-Kings and rulers-Biography Pres iden ts-United S t a tes-Biography Roman emperors-Biography

I f , i n a d d i t i o n t o b iog raph ica l d e t a i l s , t h e work a l s o d i s c u s s e s p o l i t i c a l a f f a i r s o r even t s i n which t h e biographee p a r t i c i p a t e d du r ing a per iod of t h e coun t ry ' s h i s t o r y , a s s i g n 3) a. heading f o r t h i s s p e c i a l a s p e c t . Typical headings o f t h i s type a r e :

[place]-History-[period subd iv i s ion ] [p l ace ] -Po l i t i c s and government-[period sub-

d i v i s i o n ]

For works t h a t d e s c r i b e the t imes i n which a p o l i t i c i a n , s t a t e sman , e t c . , l i v e d and h i s r e l a t i o n s h i p t o those t imes , b u t t h a t con ta in few b iograph ica l d e t a i l s about t h e person, omit t he b iog raph ica l heading 2 ) above.

Headings f o r many h i s t o r i c a l pe r iods o f a country a r e named a f t e r t h e r u l e r of t h e pe r iod , e .g . , Great Britain-History-George 111, 1760- -1820. Assign t o works on t h e l i f e and t imes o f such a r u l e r a l l t h r e e headings i n d i c a t e d above. To personal biography o f such a r u l e r , a s s i g n 1) and 2 ) above. To a work on t h e e v e n t s o f t h e r e i g n without bio- g r a p h i c a l f a c t s about t h e r u l e r , a s s i g n only headings o f t h e type in - d i ca t ed by 3) above.

9 ) Trave le r s . b. no t a s s i g n b iograph ica l headings t o personal accoun t s o f t r a v e l , un le s s t h e journey descr ibed i n t h e work is i n t i m a t e l y a s s o c i a t e d wi th t h e c a r e e r of t h e t r a v e l e r (such a s f o r s ta tesmen, animal c o l l e c t o r s , music ians who t r a v e l ) , o r un le s s t h e t r a v e l e r is a l i t e r a r y au thor .

1. Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832-Journeys - I t a l y .

2. I t a ly -Desc r ip t ion and travel-1501-1800. 3. Authors, German-18th century-Biography.

Although the b iog raph ica l heading is omit ted i n most i n s t a n c e s , always a s s i g n t h e name o f t h e a u t h o r a s s u b j e c t f o r f i r s t person accoun t s of t r a v e l .

10) m. Biographical o r au tob iograph ica l accounts o f wives who a r e a c t i v e i n a p a r t i c u l a r f i e l d r e c e i v e t h e normal b iog raph ica l headings i n t h e i r own r i g h t . However, a s s i g n the fo l lowing headings t o accoun t s of wives who have no s p e c i a l c a r e e r of t h e i r own and t h e work on ly d e s c r i b e s personal expe r i ences i n a s s o c i a t i o n wi th a famous man and h i s c a r e e r :

1. [name of husband] 2. [b iog raph ica l heading f o r c a r e e r o f husband] 3. [name of wife1 4. [ ca t egory o f wives]-[place]-Biography.

Note: The type of heading r e f e r r e d t o i n t r a c i n g 4 i s headings o f t h e type , Statesmen's wives; Army wives; Clergymen's wives.

C-a-taloging S e r v i c e B u l l e t i n , No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

J&JpLEt¶ENTS AUTHORITIES: A MBRC FORMAT. 1ST EDICTm (1981)

The L ib ra ry o f Congress w i l l implement A u t h o r l t l e s . . : A 9

1 s t e d i t i o n (1 981) i n January 1984. The MARC D i s t r i b u t i o n Service--Name A u t h o r i t i e s w i l l make a v a i l a b l e a cumulative master f i l e convers ion t ape o f t h e LC name a u t h o r i t y d a t a base a t t h a t t ime. This convers ion t ape i s expected t o con ta in one m i l l i o n name a u t h o r i t y r eco rds t h a t have been conver ted t o t h e c o n t e n t des igna t ion s p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f t h e r ev i sed format. With t h e d i s t r i b u t i o n o f t h e cumulative master f i l e convers ion t a p e a l l changes and d e l e t e r eco rds w i l l be d i s t r i b u t e d a s f u l l r eco rds . P a r t i a l r eco rds , con ta in ing co r rec t ed f i e l d s only , no longe r w i l l be d i s t r i b u t e d .

Before the d i s t r i b u t i o n of t h e cumulat ive master f i l e .conversion t a p e , a t e s t t a p e w i l l be made a v a i l a b l e t h a t can be used by o t h e r systems i n planning and prepar ing f o r t h e implementation of t h e r ev i sed format .

Documentation f o r t h e r ev i sed format is conta ined i n A u t h o r i t i e s : .A MARC Format, 1 s t e d i t i o n and i n Update no. 1, June 1983. Both a r e a v a i l a b l e from t h e Customer Se rv ices Sec t ion , Cataloging D i s t r i b u t i o n S e r v i c e , L ib ra ry o f Congress, Washington, D.C. 20541.

With LC's implementation o f t h e r e v i s e d a u t h o r i t i e s format , t h e l a s t v a r i a b l e f i e l d i n a record w i l l con ta in bo th an end-of-field c h a r a c t e r and an end-of-record c h a r a c t e r . The f i l l c h a r a c t e r w i l l be a v a l i d va lue where appropr i a t e (LC w i l l n o t use the f i l l c h a r a c t e r i n $w). Several s i g n i f i c a n t changes w i l l be made i n LC p r a c t i c e :

1 ) A f i e l d 040 (Cata loging Source) w i l l appear i n a l l LC reco rds . Th i s f i e l d w i l l con ta in ll$aDLC$cDLC1l i n r eco rds having a 111311 (L ib ra ry o f Congress) i n f i e l d 008/39 (Cata loging Source Code) on t h e cumulat ive master f i l e convers ion t ape .

2 ) A f i e l d 005 (Date and Time of L a t e s t Transact ion) w i l l be added t o a l l LC reco rds . In f i e l d 005, LC i n t e r p r e t s "date and t ime o f l a t e s t t r ansac t ion t1 a s t h e "da te and t ime o f l a t e s t d i s t r i b u t i o n ac t ion . " It should be noted t h a t t h e lltimetl i n Linked Systems P r o j e c t (LSP) r eco rds w i l l be supp l i ed by LC a t t h e t ime t h e r e c o r d s a r e d i s - t r i b u t e d .

3) I n t h e Linked Systems P r o j e c t (LSP) , LC, t h e Research L i b r a r i e s Informat ion Network (RLIN), and t h e Washington Library Network (WLN) c r e a t e a u t h o r i t y f i les through in ter-sys tem sea rch , r e t r i e v a l , f i l e synchron iza t ion , and t h e use o f computer-to-computer l i n k s . LSP p a r t i - c i p a n t s may i n p u t c o n t e n t des igna t ion no t used by LC. The MARC D i s - t r i b u t i o n Service--Name A u t h o r i t i e s w i l l d i s t r i b u t e LSP r e c o r d s i n mid- 1984; t h e r e f o r e , d i s t r i b u t e d r eco rds may con ta in LSP c o n t e n t design- a t i o n , a l though i t may no t have been used by LC.

Changes i n con ten t des igna t ion i n Update no. 1, (June 1983) t o t h e r e v i s e d a u t h o r i t i e s format include:

1 ) The d e f i n i t i o n s f o r Leader 05/Record S t a t u s codes "dtl and "xW have been r eve r sed i n t h i s update. Please no te t h a t t h e new d e f i n i t i o n of record s t a t u s code "dl1 a l lows t h e a d d i t i o n o f a 682 f i e l d i n which an exp lana t ion f o r t h e d e l e t i o n may b e recorded. LC has no t d i s t r i b u t e d record s t a t u s code "x" i n t h e p a s t and does n o t p lan t o do so i n name a u t h o r i t y r e c o r d s ; t h e r e f o r e , t h i s change does n o t a f f e c t e x i s t i n g f i l e s .

68 Catal~ging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Pall. 1983

2) I n f ixed f i e l d 008/39 (Cata loging Source Code), codes "a - Na- t i o n a l A g r i c u l t u r a l Library" , "b - National L ib ra ry of Medicine", and "c - LC coopera t ive c a t a l o g i n g program" have been r e s t o r e d from the pre- l imina ry e d i t i o n o f t h e format. On t h e LC cumulat ive master f i l e con- ve r s ion t ape code "dtt was changed t o "ctt i n t h i s c h a r a c t e r p o s i t i o n i n Name Author i ty Cooperative (NACO) p r o j e c t r eco rds .

The L ib ra ry o f Congress p l ans t o begin d i s t r i b u t i o n of Minimal Level Cataloging (MLC) r eco rds i n t h e F a l l of 1983. No s u b j e c t a n a l y s i s i s done on t h e s e r e c o r d s and they r e c e i v e a s h e l f sequence number r a t h e r than a c l a s s number.

The d i s t r i b u t i o n w i l l be handled a s a s e p a r a t e s e r v i c e by t h e Cata- l o g i n g D i s t r i b u t i o n Se rv ice (CDS) and w i l l n o t be included on any cur- r e n t l y e x i s t i n g d i s t r i b u t i o n . There w i l l be no card product ion f o r MLC r e c o r d s but t hey w i l l be publ ished i n t h e N a t i ~ n a l m i o n Cata loq. It is u n l i k e l y t h a t MLC records w i l l be upgraded t o f u l l USMARC, bu t should t h a t happen, t h e MLC r e c o r d s w i l l be t r e a t e d a s "newtt r eco rds i n t h e BOOKS s e r v i c e .

A s most f ixed l e n g t h d a t a e lements i n t h e 008 f i e l d a r e n o t encoded i n MLC r e c o r d s , t h e USMARC f i l l c h a r a c t e r (ASCII Xt7C) i n d i c a t i n g t h a t no a t tempt was made t o code t h e element, w i l l be used.

Beginning October 1, 1983, L ib ra ry of Congress r eco rds f o r aud iov i sua l m a t e r i a l s w i l l show a change i n p r a c t i c e i n MARC coding f o r country of product ion. These codes a r e conta ined i n f i e l d 008, 15-17. This f ixed f i e l d was o r i g i n a l l y def ined i n t h e f i l m s format a s "Country of Product ionw; wi th t h e i n t e g r a t i o n o f t h e MARC formats t h e f i e l d was renamed tlCountry o f Pub l i ca t ion o r Production/Repository Code .lt It was always t h e s t a t e d i n t e n t when coding f o r f i l m s t o code f o r product ion and no t p u b l i c a t i o n / r e l e a s e , e t c .

However, when t h e ale-America Catalonina u. c h a ~ t e r 13. rev- was published i n 1976, ca t a log ing r eco rds f o r aud iov i sua l m a t e r i a l s included an impr in t ( f i e l d 260) f o r t h e f i r s t t ime. E a r l i e r ca t a log ing r u l e s gave product ion and r e l e a s e informat ion i n one s ta tement ( f i e l d 261 i n pre-1976 r eco rds ) . The Library o f Congress began i n 1976 t o supply t h e country code based on t h e impr in t . This p r a c t i c e has cont inued under AACR 2. The r e s u l t i n g codes a r e q u i t e o f t en i n c o r r e c t . The fol lowing example i l l u s t r a t e s t h e problem.

Coming back a l i v e [motion p i c t u r e ] / National Film Board of Canada.

n. u s t r i b u m . e t c . a r e a

Chicago, Ill. : I n t e r n a t i o n a l Film Bureau, 1982

t r v o f ~ r w based on t h e a&U&ion area,

il u ( f o r J U i n o i s )

The code should have r e f l e c t e d t h e coun t ry o f product ion, Canada. To remedy t h i s problem Library o f Congress aud iov i sua l c a t a l o g e r s w i l l begin t o supply codes based on t h e country o r c o u n t r i e s o f t h e agenc ie s

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983 6s

involved i n t h e product ion. General ly speaking t h i s means codes w i l l be supp l i ed based on t h e e n t i t i e s ' n a m e s i n s t a t emen t s o f r e p o n s i b i l i t y . If t h e r e a r e no s t a t emen t s of r e s p o n s i b i l i t y , t h e country of product ion w i l l be assumed t o be t h a t o f t h e agency named i n t h e p u b l i c a t i o n , d i s t r i b u t i o n ,. e t c . , a r e a .

I n t h e f i l m s format two-character codes were o r i g i n a l l y used f o r a l l c o u n t r i e s . The th ree -cha rac te r codes f o r t h e United S t a t e s , Canada, t h e Sov ie t Union, and t h e United Kingdom, denot ing s t a t e , province , o r o t h e r subd iv i s ion , were no t used f o r f i l m s u n t i l t h e implmentation of AACR 2 i n 1981. With t h e coming change i n coding p r a c t i c e , t h e Library of Congress w i l l be fo l lowing t h e th ree -cha rac te r code scheme, bu t w i l l n o t a t t empt t o code a t t h e l e v e l of s t a t e , province , o r o t h e r sub- d i v i s i o n . The r e s u l t i n g codes f o r t h e s e fou r c o u n t r i e s a r e : xxu f o r United S t a t e s ; xxc f o r Canada; xxr f o r t h e Sov ie t Union, and xxk f o r t h e United Kingdom.


LEPCHA

Vowels and diphthongs1

8 as

lOnly the vowel forms that appear at the beginning of a syllable are listed; the forms used for vowels following a consonant exclude 8 . No distinction between the two is

made in romanization.

a 8 is also used as a glottal stop and & is added to it in a cluster; it is romanized 'a.

Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 2 2 / F a l l 1983

Gutturals

c CT

63

Palatals

ka

kha

g a

na

ca

tsa

cha

ts ha

ja

za

iia

Cerebrals

cr,

.tF, Dentals

e ta

)o t ha

* da

A na

ta

!ha

aa

dha

T h e vowel a is implicit after all consonants and consonant clusters and is supplied in romanization, except when another vowel is indicated by ite appropriate sign.


Labials

Semivowels

Sibilants

Aspirate

Some consonant clusters

kla

gla

ZZ pla

(\9 fla

bla

mla

hla

RULES

1. When c, >, *, 0, 5, 3, Y, and C? are used in the final position (i.e. preceded by a vowel but not followed by one), they assume different shapes and are ueed as superscripts above the preceding syllables, as

k kak


kat

kan

kap

kam

kar

ka 1

2. When is added to another consonant or consonants in a cluster (i.e., without any vowel intervening), it assumes the shape of v and is added to the preceding

consonant or consonants, as

y klya

3. When Y is added to another consonant or conmnants in a cluster (i.e., without any vowel intervening), i t assumes the shape of ) and is added to the preceding

consonant or consonants, as

kra

gra

Cataloging Service Bulletin. No. 22 / Fall 1983

Palatals

ca

cha

ja

jha

iia

Labials

Sibilants

Pa

pha

ba

bha

ma

Aspirate

C ha

1. -7 (mukphreh) is used to indicate a slight breathing after a vowel; it is romanized h.

2. (kemphreh) is used to make a vowel slightly longer than usual; it is romanized '.


3. When Z, 3, 5, Z, 0, 4, and q are used in the

final position (i.e., preceded by a vowel but not followed by one), they assume different shapes and are used as superscripts or subscripts above or below the preceding syllables, as

zz kak

z0 kah

kat

z" kan

z kar \

Z" kal

4. When 3 is added to another conaanant or mnaonants in a cluster (i.e., without

any vowel intervening), it assumes the shape of t and is added to the preceding consonant or consonants, as

5. When 7( is added to another mnsonant or mnsonants in a cluster (i.e., without any vowel intervening), it assumes the shape of A and is added to the preceding consonant or consonante, as

6. When a is added to another m m n s n t or oonaonants in a duster (i.e., without any vowel intervening), i t assumes the shape of 21 and is added to the preceding mnsonant or consonants, as

kva

'Cataloging Service Bulletin, No. 22 / Fall 1983



* U . S . GOVERNMENT P R I N T I N G O F F I C E : 1 9 8 3 - 0 - 4 2 8 - 0 8 8 / 2 7 0

n\
