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CASCADE MINI-RINGS® Random Packing
KGa CMRCONDITIONS:Liquid Concentrations: 4% NaOHConversion to Carbonate: 25%Inlet Gas Concentration: 1% CO
Temperature: 75 ºF [24 ºC]Gas rate: 970lb/(ft hr) [1.31 kg/(m s)]
Tower Diameter: 3ft [0.91m]Bed Height: 4ft [1.2m]
2 2
2
Liquid Load, m3/(m2 • h)
Liquid Load, gpm/ft2
KG
a,lb
-mol
/(h•
ft3 •a
tm)
KG
a,kg
-mol
/(h•
m3 •a
tm)
CASCADE MINI-RINGS® (CMR™) Random Packingwas developed and introduced to the market in 1971.It became the first commercially successful high perform-ance random packing. Since its introduction, plastic CMRrandom packing has been utilized in thousands of success-ful installations around the world in a wide variety ofabsorption, stripping and heat-exchange columns.
CASCADE MINI-RINGS packing achieves better capacityand efficiency than standard Pall Rings. This improvementin performance is a result of the low "aspect ratio" of 1:3(height of the cylinder is 1/3 of the diameter).
In a bed of Pall Rings, many of the rings are oriented withnearly-horizontal cylindrical axes. These rings impedevapor flow more than their nearly vertical neighbors.However, when a bed of CMR packing is installed, thelower aspect ratio causes most of the rings to lie withtheir axes nearly vertical. This preferred orientation bet-ter exposes both the interior and exterior surface of therings to the liquid and vapor flows, providing more effi-cient use of the packing surface. CMR packing attainsgreater capacity for a given size/efficiency.
The low aspect ratio of the CMR rings, along with thispreferential orientation, brings about substantial improve-ments in process performance:
1. Lower pressure drop: Because the CMR ring’s largest opening is predominantly in the direction of the vaporflow, vapor passes easily through the column, resultingin lower pressure drop.
2. Higher capacity: The lower flow rate resistance of thelower aspect ratio rings results in a higher capacity.
3. Better fouling resistance: Any solids entering thepacked bed are more easily flushed through the packing matrix by the liquid.
4. Higher mechanical strength: The preferred orientationwith the cylindrical axis in the vertical position increases the mechanical strength of the packed bed.
CMR #2A
CMR #3A
®
Liquid LoadingTop Curve to Bottom
gpm/ft m /m h2 3 2
70605040302010
50
171147122
9873492412
0System Air-Water, AmbientTower: 3ft Diameter
CMR #2∆p/Z
(in
wc/
ft)
Liquid LoadingTop Curve to Bottom
gpm/ft m /m h2 3 2
70605040302010
50
171147122
9873492412
0System Air-Water, AmbientTower: 3ft Diameter
CMR #2A∆p/Z
(in
wc/
ft)
Liquid LoadingTop Curve to Bottom
gpm/ft m /m h2 3 2
70605040302010
50
171147122
9873492412
0System Air-Water, AmbientTower: 3ft Diameter
CMR #3A∆p/Z
(in
wc/
ft)
Liquid LoadingTop Curve to Bottom
gpm/ft m /m h2 3 2
605040302010
50
147122
9873492412
0
System Air-Water, AmbientTower: 3ft Diameter
CMR #1A
Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2
∆p,i
n w
c/ft
∆p,m
bar/
m
Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2
∆p,i
n w
c/ft
∆p,m
bar/
m
Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2
∆p,m
bar/
m
Fs, m/s • (kg/m3)1/2
Fs, ft/s • (lb/ft3)1/2
∆p,i
n w
c/ft
∆p,i
n w
c/ft
∆p,m
bar/
m
®