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Microscopic structure ofMicroscopic structure of

cartilage, bone and muscle.cartilage, bone and muscle.

(textus cartilagineus,textus osseus and textus muscularis )

GhufronGhufron

Dept. of Histology and Cell BiologyDept. of Histology and Cell BiologySchool of Medicine UGMSchool of Medicine UGM

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CARTILAGECARTILAGE

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Cartilage Tissue

• cells called chondrocytes

• gel-like ground substance containingproteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans.

• elastic, inelastic, or reticular fibers.

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Matriks CartilagoMatriks Cartilago

Basic histology 11th ed

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HYALINE CARTILAGEHYALINE CARTILAGE

ELASTIC CARTILAGEELASTIC CARTILAGE

FIBROCARTILAGEFIBROCARTILAGE

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HYALINE CARTILAGEHYALINE CARTILAGEHISTOGENESIS HYALIN CARTILAGEHISTOGENESIS HYALIN CARTILAGE

mesenchyme highly cellular tissue chondroblas separatedmultiplication of

isogenous grou

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PERICHONDRIUMGROUND SUBSTANCE

LACUNACHONDROCYTE

articular cartilagecostal cartilage,

trachealarynx

HYALINE CARTILAGE

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PERICHONDRIUM

PERICHONDRIUM

CHONDROCYTE

stratum chondrogenicum

stratum fibrosum

HYALINE CARTILAGE

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CHONDROBLAST

CHONDROCYTES

ELASTIN

Elastic cartilage – elastin fibers in the matrix

*AURICULA*EPIGLOTTIS

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ELASTIC CARTILAGE

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aligned cells with bundles of collagen

FIBROCARTILAGE

LACUNA

COLLAGENFIBERS

CHONDROCYTES

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Cartilage Locatedin the Human

Skeleton

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BONE TISSUEBONE TISSUE

* CELLS (OSTEOCYTES)* CELLS (OSTEOCYTES)* MATRIX* MATRIX

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Cells in bone:*Osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into

Osteoblasts.*Osteoblasts synthesise new matrix

Osteogenesis

*Osteocytes = mature bone cellsIn lacunae

Connected by canaliculi

*Osteoclasts dissolve bone matrix Osteolysis

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Cells Associated with Bone Tissue

osteoprogenitor cells: derived from

mesenchyme these differentiate into

osteoblasts.

osteoblasts: bone forming cells whichsecrete the osteoid and then calcify it.

osteoclasts: bone resorbing cells derivedfrom monocytes.

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The Histology of Compact Bone

osteoclast resorption bone remodellingin response to growth; participate in the

long-term maintenance of blood calciumhomeostasis

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MATRIX :MATRIX :

collagen fibers (type I)

proteoglycans (glycoproteins)Hydroxyapatite: inorganic salt of

calcium and phosphorus

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Basic histology 11th ed

Basic histology 11th ed

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HAVERSIAN SYSTEM

Basic histology 11th ed

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An Osteon

canaliculi.

The Haversian Canal

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The Haversian Canal

((ØØ longitudinal)longitudinal)

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Concentric

lamellae.

Interstitiallamellae

Osteons Produce the DenseArrangement in Ground Bone Tissue

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?

?

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Compact bone and spongy bone

Basic unit of compact bone is an osteon –Osteocytes arranged around a central

canal –Perforating canals extend between

adjacent osteons

•Spongy bone contains trabeculae

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O:OSTEOBLASTC:COLLAGEN

PERIOSTEUM

DEVELOPING BONE

ACTIVE PERIOSTEUM FROM DEVELOPING BONE

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EXTEND DEEPLY INTO THE BONY CORTEX

MUSCULAR INSERTION INTO BONE

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BONE HISTOENESISBONE HISTOENESIS

* INTRAMEMBRANOSA* INTRAMEMBRANOSA

* ENDOCHONDRAL* ENDOCHONDRAL

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MUSCLEMUSCLE

TEXTUS MUSCULSRIS NON STRIATUSTEXTUS MUSCULSRIS NON STRIATUS

TEXTUS MUSCULARIS STRIATUSTEXTUS MUSCULARIS STRIATUS

TEXTUS MUSCULARIS CARDIACUSTEXTUS MUSCULARIS CARDIACUS

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Basic histology 11th ed

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SKELETAL MUSCLE

art, vein, nerveFascicle

Muscle Fiber

Tendon

Skeletal Muscle

Deep Fascia

EpimysiumPerimysium

Endomysium

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Connective Tissue Wrappings

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Basic histology 11th ed

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Basic hisyology 11th ed

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*MYOFIBRA

*SARCOLEMMA (MP)*MYOFIBRIL*T TUBULUS*RETICULUM SARCO-PLASMICUM (RE)

TRIAD :1) T TUBULUS

2) SR OF I BAND3) SR OF A BAND

Z

Z

SARCOMER

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JUNCTION OF THE AAND I BANDS TSYSTEM /TUBULUS TRIAD NEAR THEJUNCTION OF THE

I AND A BANDS

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Z ZA band

A band

I band

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Ca2+ +TnC

exposes the myosinbinding site on actin(cross-hatched area)

myosin head binds to

actin

ATP breaksdown into ADB

CONTRACTION

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1) Basic Histology 111) Basic Histology 11thth eded

JunqueiraJunqueira et al et al ., 2010.., 2010.

2) Wheather`s Functional2) Wheather`s FunctionalHISTOLOGY 2008HISTOLOGY 2008