Carp Aquaculture

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CAR

AQUA

CULTU

Abainza, Klarys M.Arranzado, Mirah Mae D.

Arellano, Alona JaneCalica, Marielle

Esplana, Shara Mae J.

Lavadia, Fatima A.Llana, Mary Ann O.Millar, Angelica C.Nicolas, Emmylou C.

Orozco, May

Freshwater Biology

Biology 4A


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CARP

Possibly the oldest form ofaquaculture in the known world

Started in China as early as 2500

Currently the largest production(2/3 of ALL fish production is carp)

Common carp : yprinos c rpio


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Commonyprinos


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CARP in the PHILIPPINE

Common carp (Cyrpinus carpio) was introducinto the Philippines from Hong Kong in 1915.

Other species of carps were later introduce

But they never became popular due to

relatively low consumer acceptability Many Filipinos do not find carp palatable, b

bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) has recebecome a dominant species in Laguna Lake


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The seven major aquaculture species Philippines are:

1. Seaweed (mainly Kappaphycusand Eucheumasp2. Milkfish (Chanos chanos).

3. Tilapia (mainly Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticu

4. Shrimp (mainly giant tiger prawn Penaeus mono

5. Carp (mainly bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis)

6. Oyster (slipper cupped oyster Crassostrea ired

7. Mussel (green mussel Perna viridis).


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B) Main producers of c

in the world

A) Global Production

of Carp

A

B


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Why does the CARPsthe largest aquacul

production?

Easy to grow because of

Ecological Spectrum

Answer :


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Broad Ecological Spect

Best growth - water temperature ranges between30 C

Can survive cold winter periods

Can tolerate salinity up to about 5 percent

Optimal pH range is 6.5 - 9.0Can survive low oxygen concentration (0.3 -0.5 mg/

supersaturation

Omnivorous, (more on animal food: water insects,larvae of insects, worms, mollusks, and zooplankto


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In short

Eat low on the food chain

Tolerate poor water quality

Adapt to both alkaline and acwater


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Why carp culture?

Has low protein requirement durinculture

Can be used in polyculture with

other aquaculture species Grows fast, reaching 2-4 kilograms4-6 months


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Grass Carp

Silver CarpBighead carp

Three key species of CAR


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C) Bighead Carp

Hypophthalmichthys

B) Silver Carp

Ctenopharungodon idella

A) Grass CarpHypophthalmichthys molitrix


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Did you know that Ko

domesticated


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CULTURE

METHOD


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What type of aquacuis used for carps

All : extensive, semi inten

intensive

Answer :


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CULTURE METHOD

Extensive Aquaculture:

Minimal control, lower density, ponds,third world

Environmental Impact:

Exclusion of traditional fishermen;navigational hazards; conflicts, socialdisruption; management difficulties;wood consumption


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Intensive Aquaculture: Highly controlled, high density, RAS,

raceways, confined (industrialized)

Environmental Impact Accumulation of anoxic sediments below

cages due to fecal and waste feed build-

up; market competition, especially forexport produce; conflicts/failures, socialdisruption; consumption of wood andother materials.

CULTURE METHOD


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FEEDING

Grass carp can be reared on plants alone, perform well on pellets.

Bighead are eat detritus and zooplankton inwild, but also take to pellets.

Silver carp are primarily planktonivores.


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PRODUCTION CYCLE


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BROOD

STOCK


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In natural breeding, wused as a substrata f

laying?Answer :


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SEED SUPPLY

Carp may spawn throughout the year itropical areas, with peaks in January-MJuly-August.

Breeding is carried out in hapas, cemen

or small ponds. Submerged aquatic planused as substrata for egg laying.

When the fry are 4 to 5 days old, theyare stocked into nursery ponds.


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To induce ovulationspermiation, broodfish

injected with doses

Pituitary Gland

Answer :


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Hatchery Based Seed Produ

This is the most effective and reliable metseed production.

Broodfishes are given two doses of pituitaryinjection, or a mixture of GnRH/dopamineantagonist, to induce ovulation and spermia

Eggs are fertilized and hatched fry are keplarge conical tanks for 1 to 3 days

Approximately 300 000 - 800 000 newly hatfry can be expected from a single female.


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Carp

Pituita

Extrac


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Carp E


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Car

Brood


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Car

Horm

Treatm


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MANAGE

MENT


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Fishes are bathe in bath when taken frtransported to hatc

why?Answer :


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Fishes are graded potential breeders, happens to unqual

fishes?Answer :


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TEMPERATE REGIONS

Spent spawners are taken from hatchery and bat

salt bath against ectoparasites.They are stocked in the broodstock ponds, where

well fed.

They overwinter in the same pond.

In the spring they are salt bathed and graded for breeders. Unqualified fish are marketed.

They are separated by sex and stored in storage p

They are seined out as needed, salt bathed, and

transported to the hatchery.


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IN THE TROPICS

Fish are separated by sexes

Fish are separated according to whethnot they are spent.


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FEED

Varies according to the season.

When new eggs are forming, should bnatural food high in protein and 50%artificial feed high in carbohydrates

Egg development occurs over the enyear.

The fish need a good diet all year loto be good spawners.


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Secchi Diin measTurbiditAquacu

Water Q


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NURSERY


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What constitutesthe first food of

feeding fry?

Rotifers

Answer :

NURSERY


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NURSERY

Shallow, aquatic weed-free drainable pof 0.5 to 1.0 ha are the most suitable fcarp nursing.

Nursery ponds must be prepared befor

stocking to encourage the developmea rotifer population, since this constituthe first food of feeding fry.

NURSERY


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NURSERY

Supplementary feeds, such as soybean mecereals mals, meat meal, or mixtures of thmaterials, should be applied. Rice bran or polishings can also be used for feeding fry

The length of the nursery period is 3 to 4

The final fish weight is 0.2 - 0.5 g.

The survival rate is 40 - 70 percent.


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HARVESTING

TECHNIQUE


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What type of netusually used in harve

carps?

Seine nets

Answer :

Carps are usually harvested by seine nets (n


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p y d byused weights on the bottom and buoys on tkeep it afloat).

Length should be 1.5 times the width of ponnot longer than 120-150 m.Selective harvesting for

undrainable ponds. The maximumweight of carp which can get

through various mesh size netsare:20 g fish= 20 mm mesh size;40 g = 25 mm; 100 g = 30 mm;170 g = 35 mm; 270 g = 40 mm;

400 g = 50 mm


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Partial harvesting incthe total productio

the ponds, why?

Improves the conditions fo

remaining population

Answer :

should be done throughout the growing pe


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Feeding should be done throughout the growing peharvest area.

Feeding should be reduced the day before harvestiwastes and grass residues that hamper harvesting removed.

At harvest time the water should be drained slowlconcentrate the fishes.

Partial harvesting increases the total production o

ponds by improving the conditions for the remaininpopulation.

All the fish are harvested at the end of the year, for marketing or for restocking for the next prodcycle.

YIELD?


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YIELD?

Carp ponds oftenyield 2000-5000lbs./acre

Often sold live orwhole on ice.


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POST

HARVESTING

The majority of carps is transferred live


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The majority of carps is transferred livemarkets, and is sold either live or freshdressed.

Harvested fish can be transferred live aerated tanks for 3-5 hours.

Trucks and boats containing water are used as transportation tools in most ar


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Selling aquacultured carp


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Food products of carp from different

countries

Carp Curry

India)

Kroder Karpfen

Germany)

Funa

Ja

THANK YOU:)


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THANK YOU:)

Documents

Carp Aquaculture