Caring Theory of Nursing

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Caring Theory of Nursing

Dr. Jean WatsonDr. Jean WatsonNURSNURS--20222022

Allison MaynardAllison Maynard

Christopher MabeChristopher Mabe

KaitlanKaitlan McCainMcCain


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Dr. Jean Watson Background

Dr. Jean Watson was born in 1940 in West Virginia, she

received her BSN, MS and her PhD at the University of

Colorado. She also has 6 Honorary Doctoral Degrees.

Her research has been in the area of human caring and loss.

She is the only Nursing Theorist to emphasize the concept ofthe soul and the spiritual dimension of human existence.

Watson states that her philosophical orientation is existential-

phenomenological, spiritual and based in part upon Eastern

philosophy.

According to Dr. Jean Watson she developed this theory to

bring meaning and focus to nursing as a distinct health

profession with its own unique values, knowledge, practices,

and its own ethic and mission to society.


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Overview of the ten primary

Carative factors

Caritascomes from the Latin word meaning to cherish, to appreciate, to give

special attention. It conveys the concept of love.

1. The formation of a humanistic-altruistic system of values.

2. The instillation of faith-hope.

3. The cultivation of sensitivity to ones self and to others.

4. The development of a helping-trust relationship

5. The promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative

feelings.

6. The systematic use of the scientific problem-solving method for decision

making.

7. The promotion of interpersonal teaching-learning.8. The provision for a supportive, protective and /or corrective mental, physical,

socio-cultural and spiritual environment.

9. Assistance with the gratification of human needs.

10. The allowance for existential-phenomenological forces.


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The Person (Patient)

According to Watsons theory, the person is viewed holistically as aunity of mind-body-spirit-nature, in which each part is a reflection ofthe whole, yet the whole is greater than, and different from, the sum ofthe parts.

The patient/person is a functioning whole, there is no division among

the mind, body and spirit. Both the nurse and the patient enter into a relationship as persons

who participate and grow from the nurse-patient encounter.

Transpersonal caring conveys a concern for the inner life world andsubjective meaning of another who is fully embodied, buttranspersonal goes beyond the ego self, reaching to the

deeper connections to spirit and with the broaderuniverse.

Mind

SpiritBody


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The Environment

Watsons theory states that the patient is directly influenced bytheir external environment and believes in creating a healingenvironment at all levels; physical and nonphysical.

According to Watson, caring (and nursing) has existed in every

society.

Chromotherapy the healing power of color.

Feng Shui the art of placement.

Ultimately the nurse is responsible for creating the environment.


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Health

In Watsons Theory, health is defined as unity and

harmony within the body mind, and soul; a harmony

between the self and others, and between the self and

nature; and openness to increased possibility.

According to Watson, illness is not necessarily a disease,

but rather a subjective disharmony within the spheres of

the person. Disease, in turn, creates more disharmony.


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Nursing

Dr. Watson defines nursing as..a human science of

persons and human health-illness experiences that are

mediated by professional, personal, scientific, aesthetic

and ethical human transactions.

According to Watsons theory, nursing is concerned with

promoting health, preventing illness, caring for the sick

and restoring health.

Gallup's annual survey of professions.

The burden lies on us as potential nurses to live up to thisreputation.


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Theory Utilization in Nursing

In recent years, healthcare has become so complex, many nurses

feel they are too busy or stressed to remember why they chose

nursing.

Once you apply this theory to nursing the ideas become instantly

familiar: listening to patients, seeing the person behind thedisease, paying attention to what they themselves are doing

moment to moment, learning to take care of themselves.

When nurses really listen to patients, they usually spend less time

running to a room to answer a call buzzer. If youre able to make

that connection with the patient, youre going to become moreefficient because youre not guessing what the patient needs.

Some Nurses who practice Watsons theory say its a reminder that

their primary purpose as healthcare professionals is not to assess

vital signs, fill out forms or insert IVs, but also to help real, living

people heal and provide comfort.


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Summary of Theory

To summarize, the key philosophical elements of the theory are

soul, dualism, harmony, causality and time, spiritual evolution

and self-transcendence, actual caring occasion and self.

It is when we include caring and love in our work and our life

that we discover and affirm that nursing, like teaching is morethan just a job; it is also a life-giving and life-receiving career for

a lifetime of growth and learning.

Maybe this one moment, with this one person, isMaybe this one moment, with this one person, is

the very reason were here on Earth at this time.the very reason were here on Earth at this time.

-- Jean Watson, TheJean Watson, The CaringCaring MomentMoment


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References

Alligood, M. R. (2002). Nursing theoryutilization & application. (3rd ed., pp.

97-121). St. Louis: Mosby.

Masters, Kathleen (2011). Nursing theories: a framework for professional

practice. (1st ed., pp. 310-311). Boston: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Parker, Marilyn E. (2010). Nursing theories and nursing

practice. (3rd ed., pp. 344-350). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.

Reed, Pamela G., Shearer, Nelma C. & Nicoll, Leslie H. (2010). Perspectives

on nursing theory. (4th ed., pp. 55-64). Philadelphia:

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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Caring Theory of Nursing