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1 Formal Care Plan Student Name: Brittany Bonner Clinical Dates: March 11, 2011 A. Pathophysiology Disease System/Organ Etiology 1. Hypertension 1. Circulatory/Ve ssels & Heart 1. Disease associated with genetic predispositi on and family history; advancing age; gender; African- American race; high dietary sodium intake; diabetes mellitus; cigarette smoking; obesity; heavy alcohol consumption; and low dietary intake of potassium, 2. Diabetes Mellitus 2. Endocrine/Panc reas 2. Disease results from genetic susceptibility , long standing obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. 3. Pneumonia 3. Respiratory/ Lungs 3. Aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions causes infection of the lower respiratory tract by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, or parasites. Disease Pathophysiological Changes Clinical Manifestations Rationale 1 Arterial pressure rises when there is an increase in cardiac output or systemic vascular resistance. Persistent elevation of SVR, is the hallmark of hypertension. Chronic hypertension damages vessel walls, causing permanent narrowing and constriction. It also impairs many body systems, especially the kidneys. Hypertension combined with CAD increases the risk of coronary artery occlusion and myocardial infarction. (Lewis, 2007 pg 764-766;Huether, 2008 pg 609) Typically asymptomatic, fatigue, reduced activity tolerance, dizziness, palpitations, angina, visual impairment edema and dyspnea (Lewis, 2007 pg 7 66; Huether,2008 pg 612) Fatigue is caused by the heart’s increased workload, reduced activity tolerance is due to the lack of O2 being supplied to muscles, and dyspnea and dizziness would be due to the inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood to the lungs and brain. (Lewis, 2007 pg 564-565;Huether, 2008 pg 609-612)

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