Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular diseases account for almost one in every two deaths.

Risk factors for non-communicable diseases

– Controllable: Diet, body weight, daily physical activity, sun exposure, smoking, alcohol abuse, and drug abuse, relaxation,

– Uncontrollable: Age, gender, Ethnicity, Heredity

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Coronary Heart Disease

Heart Attacks

A heart attack is when a coronary artery becomes closed and part of the heart muscle starts to die

Heart attacks are the #1 killer in U.S. It can strike anyone, anywhere, anytime

Symptoms of a heart attack

Uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of the chest lasting for two minutes or more

Pain spreading to the shoulders, neck, jaw, arms or back

Dizziness, fainting, sweating, nausea and or shortness of breath

Congestive Heart Failure

–When the hearts ability to pump blood is reduced, swelling may occur causing congestive heart failure

Angina Pectoris – chest pain that results when the heart does not get enough oxygen

Arrhythmias- irregular heartbeats (ventricular fibrillation, causes the cardiac arrest)

Stroke

When blood flow to part of the brain is blocked and stops working for a period of time

Strokes are 3rd leading cause of death in U.S.

Warning signs of a Stroke

Sudden, temporary weakness of numbness of the face, arm or leg

Temporary loss of speech, or trouble in speaking or understanding people

Temporary dimness or loss of vision, particularly in one eye

Unexplained dizziness, unsteadiness

High Blood Pressure

• High blood pressure also known as hypertension comes from an unknown origin which leads to heart failure

• Hypertension can also be identified as the silent killer

• Normal blood pressure reading should be 120/80

Congenital heart disease is a defect present at birth

• Heart Murmurs are sounds produced by the circulation of blood through the valves and chambers of the heart which may or may not mean a disease is present

Arteriosclerosis

Atherosclerosis can cause a heart attack due to hardening of the arteries

Varicose veins develop when veins become twisted, enlarged or have been weakened… the veins are near the surface of the skin

Ways to reduce chance of heart disease

Exercise Eat right Reduce the amount of fatty red meat Don’t smoke Learn to take time for self and relax Maintain a healthy weight

Diabetes A disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin, a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life.

Pancreas

Type 1- The body does not produce any insulin, most often occurring in children and young adults. Type 1 diabetics must take daily insulin injections to stay alive.

Type 2- The body is not able to produce enough, or properly use insulin. Type 2 diabetes accounts for 90-95% of all diabetic cases.

Forms of Diabetes

Gestational- Develops during pregnancy. Will usually disappear after pregnancy is over. These women have a good chance of later contracting Type 2 diabetes.

Forms of Diabetes

Siblings of people with Type 1

Children of parents with Type 1

Who is at Greater Risk for Type 1 Diabetes? 

People over age of 45People with a family history of

diabetesPeople overweightPeople who do not exercise regularlyWomen who had Gestational Diabetes

Who is at Greater Risk for Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 1:Frequent urinationUnusual thirstExtreme hungerUnusual weight lossExtreme FatigueIrritability

Warning Signs of Diabetes

Type 2: Any of the Type 1 symptoms Frequent infections Blurred vision Cuts/bruises that are slow to heal Tingling/numbness in the hands or feet Recurring skin, gum or bladder infection

Warning Signs of Diabetes