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Carbon Neutral Energy from Waste GasificationPresented by
Allen Medearis and Trip Dacus
April 14, 2010
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Outline Gasification UTC Natural Gas Replacement Design
-Background-Material and Energy Balance-Cost Analysis -Conclusions
Garbage Gasification Design-Basis
-ChemCAD
-Material Balance
-Power Production
-Economic Analysis
-Conclusion
Gasification
Extracting Energy From Organic Materials Converts Carbonaceous
Materials Into Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen
Uses High Temperatures (>700°C) and Controlled Oxygen Content
Result is Syngas
Replacing UTC’s Natural Gas Usage
Use Wood and Paper Gasify to Make Fuel to Use in Furnaces Replace UTC’s Natural Gas Usage +20% with
Syngas
Assumptions -Wood and Paper Are Viewed as Cellulose- Syngas Can Be Sufficiently Burned to Power
the Furnaces
UTC CO2 Footprint
Process Flow Diagram
Material and Energy Balance ResultsReplacing 120% of Natural Gas Usage
Material Composition of Feed
- 70% Cellulose
- 20% Water
- 10 % Ash
Feed Stream: 22.7 Tons/Day of Wood and Paper
Exit Stream: 17 Tons/Day of Syngas
Cost Analysis
Capital Costs-Grinder $60,000-Cleaner $350,000-Gasifier $330,000
Lang Factor (3.63) Labor Cost $300,000/year Annual Power Cost $10,000/year
Cost Analysis (cont’d)
Total Capital Cost: $2.7 Million
Time to Payoff: 3.6 Years
Total Savings Per Year: $770,000
Conclusions About UTC Design
Great Way for University to Save Money Fast Payoff Reduces Carbon Footprint of University
Recommend University Fund Further Research
Outline Gasification UTC Natural Gas Replacement Design
-Background-Material and Energy Balances
-Cost Analysis -Conclusions
Garbage Gasification Design-Basis
-ChemCAD
-Material Balance
-Power Production
-Economic Analysis
-Conclusion
Introduction
Gasify Chattanooga Waste for Production of Syngas
Burn Syngas in Combined Cycle Gas Turbine for Power Production
Basis - Assumptions
4.4 lbs of trash per person per day Chattanooga population - 300,000 Use existing trash collection infrastructure
BasisChattanooga Trash Output –
660 tons/day of trash
Material Formula Percentage Tons/Day
Paper C6H10O5 63% 420
PET Plastic C10O8H4 20% 130
Water H2O 7% 45
Ash - 10% 65
Plant Design Schematic
Air
Air
Waste
Filter
Gasifier
Grinder
Combustion Turbine
Exhaust
Power
Ash/Slag
Power
Steam TurbineCondenser
Material Balance
RPM Gasifier System
Waste,660 tons/day
Air,3100 tons/day
CO2
840 tons/day
H2O690 tons/day
Ash/Slag65 tons/day
Power Generation
Power (MW)
Combustion Turbine 71
Steam Turbine 3
Total 74
Cooling Utility 13
Capital Cost Analysis
Capital Cost of the Plant = $27M per year
Capital Cost Analysis
ipLangTM CFC ,
CTM – Capital cost of the plant
Cp,i – Purchased cost for major equipment units
FLang – Lang Factor (3.63 for solid-fluid processing)
Total Capital Cost = $120 M
Economic Analysis
Income (per year) CHANGE74MW sold at $0.05 per kW·hr = $31M
Expenses (per year)10% of electricity for plant usage = $3M10 employees at $100,000 per year = $1M
Net Income = $27M per year
Cash Flow Diagram
4 ¼ Years to pay off capital investment
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Years
$M
Recommendation
Based on this design, we recommend that the city should fund a detailed design study
Thank you for listening!
Are there any questions?