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Make this chart in your notes: Name of Organic Compound Chemical Composition (elements) Monomer or Polymer Examples Function(s) in Living Things Additional Information Carbohydrates (Monosaccharides) Carbohydrates (Polysaccharides) Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
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Carbon Compounds Chapter 2-3 Make this chart in your
notes:
Name of Organic Compound Chemical Composition (elements) Monomer or
Polymer Examples Function(s) in Living Things Additional
Information Carbohydrates (Monosaccharides) Carbohydrates
(Polysaccharides) Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in ratios of
1:2:1 Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of
energy. Plants and some animals also use carbohydrates for
structural purposes. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates = sugars &
starches
Simple sugars (monosaccharides) supply immediate energy for all
cell activities. Ex: glucose & fructose Starches
(polysaccharides) store extra sugar for living things. Ex: glycogen
(animal starch) & cellulose (plant starch) Lipids Lipids Made
of extremely long chains of carbon and hydrogen
Lipids are large MONOMERS! Examples: fats, oils, waxes Lipids can
be used for long-term energy storage. Some lipids are important
parts of biological membranes and waterproof coverings. Proteins
Proteins Macromolecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
nitrogen Proteins are polymers of molecules called amino acids.
Examples: Enzymes (saliva & catalase); Structural Proteins
(muscle tissue & protein channels) Proteins Proteins help
to:
Control the rate of chemical reactions (enzymes) Transport small
molecules in and out of cells Fight diseases Build tissues (ex:
muscles) Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids Macromolecules made up of
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus Nucleic acids
are put together by monomers called nucleotides. Nucleotides
consist of 3 parts: a 5-carbon sugar a phosphate group a
nitrogenous (nitrogen-containing) base Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids
store and transmit hereditary (genetic) information. There are 2
kinds of nucleic acids: Ribonucleic acid (RNA), which contains the
sugar ribose Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which contains the sugar
deoxyribose Separate each word into the category of best fit.
Word Sort Activity Separate each word into the category of best
fit. Picture Posters Draw a picture of an example of the organic
compound.
Then draw a picture that shows the function. Tell whether it is a
monomer, a polymer, or could be both. (If it is a polymer, what are
the monomers called?) Tell which elements it contains. List the 4
types of organic molecules. Give an example of each.
QOD (1) List the 4 types of organic molecules. Give an example of
each. What is the major biological function of each? Bell Ringer
(2) Which organic molecule(s) are monomers ONLY?
Which organic molecules(s) are polymers ONLY? Which organic
molecule(s) could be either a monomer or a polymer? Get out a sheet
of paper. Number 1-5.
Pop Quiz Get out a sheet of paper. Number 1-5. Question 1 1. Amino
acid is to protein as a. fat is to lipid.
b.DNA is to RNA. c.sugar is to fat. d.nucleotide is to nucleic
acid. Question 2 2. A monosaccharide is a a. carbohydrate. b.
lipid.
c.nucleic acid. d.protein. Question 3 3. Which of the following
organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a.carbohydrates b.lipids c.nucleic acids d.proteins Question 4 4.
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
a.store and transmit heredity b.help to fight disease c.control the
rate of reactions and regulate cell processes d.build tissues such
as bone and muscle Question 5 5. Fats, oils, and waxes are examples
of a. nucleic acids
b.lipids c.proteins d.carbohydrates Organic Molecule Experts
Each person in the group will read about one of the 4 organic
molecules. Your job is to become an expert on that type of organic
molecule. You will then present your information to the group.
Vocabulary Chart Types of Organic Compounds
There are four groups of organic compounds found in living things:
Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Make a 4-Flap foldable.
Label 1 flap for each compound. Find the following information
about each compound. 1)What are they made of? 2) Examples 3) What
do they do? QOD (5) What are the 2 organic molecules that make up
the basic structure of a virus?