CAPÉTIENS DIRECTS987-1328

Capétiens directs The name Capétiens directs,

comes from Hugues Capet, the first ruler in the dynasty.

It was a hereditary dynasty. It succeeded the Carolingien

Dynasty. The direct House of Capet

came to an end in 1328, when the three sons of Philip IV all failed to produce surviving male heirs to the French throne. With the death of Charles IV, the throne passed to the House of Valois.

Capétiens directs Starting with Hugh Capet, French

Kings were crowned at Reims Cathedral. This is where the French king, Clovis, was baptized.

At the end of the dynasty, the population of France was 15 million.

After the reign of Charles IV, the throne passed to the House of Valois who were the direct descendants of Charles of Valois and later to the House of Bourbon and the House of Orléans.

Hugues Capet 987-996

Known as “Hugh the Great” Before he became king, he was the

count of Paris and Duke of France. His authority was quickly recognized in

his kingdom. He was devoted to the church. He married Adelaide of Aquitaine who

gave him four children including the future king of France, Robert II the Pious.

Robert II le Pieux996-1031

The only son of Hugues Capet, therefore he was the sole heir to the kingdom.

He had an arranged marriage to Rozala, she was 35 and he was 19. He divorced her.

Fell in love with his 3rd cousin, Bertha of Burgundy. He was the godfather of one of her children. He married her against the wish of every one.

He did not divorce Bertha since the marriage was not recognized by the church but married again to Constance of Arles.

Robert was afraid of Constance. The only positive thing about their marriage was that

Constance gave Robert 6 children.

Henri 1er1031-1060

Crowned by his father in Rheims. The land of France reached its smallest size

during his reign. He is often seen as the weakness of the

Capetiens dynasty, although some historians see him as a strong but realistic king.

He has 4 children with Anne of Kiev. Anne of Kiev is Russian and she is the

granddaughter of Vladimir the First, the founding saint of Russia.

Philippe 1er1060-1108

Was crowned at age 7 by his father. He was excommunicated by the Pope

because of bigamy. He had a 48 year reign which was the

third longest reign in the history of France after that of Louis XIV (1643-1715) and Louis XV (1715-1774 ) who both reigned for over fifty years.

Louis VI le Gros1108-1137

The first member of the House of Capet to make a lasting contribution to the centralizing institutions of royal power.

Almost all of his twenty-nine-year reign was spent fighting either the "robber barons" who plagued Paris or the Norman kings of England for their continental possession of Normandy.

Nonetheless, Louis VI managed to reinforce his power considerably and became one of the first strong kings of France since the division of the Carolingian Empire.

The Gothic style of architecture was introduced during his reign.

Louis VII le Jeune1137-1180

Called Louis VII the young or younger. His reign was dominated with feudal struggles

particularly with the Angevin family. He also saw the start of a long feud between France and England.

His reign also saw the beginning of construction on Notre-Dame de Paris, the founding of the University of Paris and the disastrous Second Crusade.

He originally wanted to be a monk, but when his older brother(Philip) died in an accident, he was forced to become heir.

Philippe II Auguste1180-1223

At the age of thirteen, he was separated from his companions during a royal hunt and became lost in the Forest of Compiegne. He was found by a peasant.

He was one of the most successful medieval French monarchs in expanding the royal demesne and the influence of the monarchy.

He was married 3 times; his first and third wives died and he annulled the marriage of his second wife.

He adopted the Fluer-de-lys.

Louis VIII le Lion1223-1226

He was also count of Artois, as he inherited it from his mother, Isabelle of Hainaut.

On 1 November 1223, he issued an ordinance that prohibited his officials from recording debts owed to Jews, thus reversing the policies set by his father Philip II Augustus. Twenty-six barons accepted, but Theobald IV the powerful Count of Champagne, did not, since he had an agreement with the Jews that guaranteed him extra income through taxation.

Theobald IV would become a major opposition force to Capetian dominance.

He died of Dysentery.

Louis IX (Saint Louis)1226-1270

He was revered as a saint. He is the only canonised king of France;

consequently, there are many places named after him, most notably St. Louis, Missouri, in the United States.

His younger brother Charles I of Sicily (1227–85) was created count of Anjou, thus founding the second Angevin dynasty.

He died of Bubonic Plague, which is what we believe to be the Black Plague.

He had 11 children.

Philippe III le Hardi1270-1285

He accompanied his father(Louis IX) on the 8 crusade in Tunisia, which is where his father died of Bubonic Plague.

He was not intended to rule, but his older brother died in 1260 and Philippe became crown prince.

He was then fifteen years old and was not as skilled as his brother, being shy and versatile, he was almost crushed by the strong personalities of his parents.

Philippe IV le Bel1285-1314

As Duke of Aquitaine, the English king Edward I was a vassal to Philip, and had to pay him homage. Following the Fall of Acre in 1291 however, the former allies started to show dissent

Philip arrested Jews so he could seize their assets to accommodate the inflated costs of modern warfare.

He expelled the Jews from France in 1306. He suffered a cerebral ictus during a hunt at Pont-

Sainte-Maxence (Forest of Halatte) and died a few weeks later in Fontainebleau, where he was born. He is buried in the Basilica of St Denis.

Louis X le Hutin1314-1316

Louis was king of Navarre for eleven years and king of France for less than two years.

Louis' short reign saw the freeing of the French serfs and the readmittance of French Jews to the kingdom.

Louis was known as "the Quarreler" as the result of the tensions throughout his reign.

He married Margaret of Burgundy who he did not like and he requested the marriage annulled. She died suspiciously, possibly murdered.

Constructed the first modern indoor tennis courts. He died of either pneumonia or pleurisy although

there was also a suspicion of poison.

Jean 1er le Posthume1316

Lived only five days. He was never crowned. He was buried in the Basilica of Saint-Denis. The Regent was proclaimed King of France under the name

of Philippe V. The logical successor to the throne was Jean’s half-sister

who was five years old, Jeanne, who was daughter of Louis le Hutin and of Marguerite of Burgundy.

Some people think that his uncle Philippe V had him poisoned. Then, a strange history occurred decades later came launch the rumor that the King Jean was not dead. During the captivity of John II (1356-1360), a man by the name of giannino baglioni claimed to be Jean I and therefore the heir to the Crown. He tried to assert his rights, but was taken prisoner in Provence, this man died in captivity in 1363.

Philippe V le Long1316-1322

Was the regent of France until Jean 1er died.

He was the king of France and Navarre and the count of Champagne.

Before his accession to the throne, he held the title of Count of Poitou.

There was a lot of people who

think that Philippe was responsible

for Jean’s death.

Charles IV le Bel1322-1328

The last king in the dynasty. He was not intended to rule because he

was the third son of Philippe le Bel. He had been anxious to enforce justice. Was married three times. He failed to have a son which is why the

dynasty ended with him.

Important Events William the Conqueror, who was the Duke of

Normandy, conquered England in 1066 at the battle of Hastings.

The First Crusade was led in 1096 by Godfrey of Bouillon.

In 1099, the crusaders took Jerusalem and it fell into the hands of the Turks and formed the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

During the third crusade to regain Jerusalem, it fell into the hands of the sultan of Egypt Saladin.

About the time period

The Capetien Directs line was during France in the Middle ages.

The Middle Ages and Medieval are synonyms.

The name Middle Ages refers to the time between the Ancient great times and Modern great times.

The First Crusade 1096–1099

The First Crusade was a military expedition by Western Christianity to regain the Holy Lands taken in the Muslim conquest of the Levant, ultimately resulting in the recapture of Jerusalem.

It was launched by Pope Urban II. The First Crusade was part of the Christian response

to the Muslim conquests, and was followed by the Second Crusade to the Ninth Crusade, but the gains made lasted for less than 200 years.

It was also the first major step towards reopening international trade in the West since the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

War of Bouvines1202-1214

Some question calling it a war. It was between the English King John Lackland

and the French King Philippe II Auguste. Origins for the struggle between the French

Capetian kings and the kings of England can be traced to William the Conqueror and his conquest of England in 1066.

The most significant origins of the 'War' of Bouvines can be traced to the ascension of Henri I King of England, who was William the Conqueror’s son.

The battle of Bouvines brought all of the French lords together.

Battle of Bouvines27 July 1214

A conclusive medieval battle ending the twelve year old War of Bouvines that was important to the early development of both the French state by confirming the French crown's sovereignty over the Angevin lands of Brittany and Normandy.

The French won very decisively. Bouvines is located between Lille and Tournai

which belonged to the count of Flanders, a vassal of the king of France, in the 13th century.

Resources

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Capet

http://www.french-at-a-touch.com/French_History/history_the_capetiens_direct_987-1328.htm

http://www.nndb.com/people/231/000092952/

http://www.goodreads.com/characters/33603-philippe-v-of-france

http://xenophongroup.com/montjoie/bouvines.htm

http://www.microsofttranslator.com/BV.aspx?ref=IE8Activity&a=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fil-info-france.com%2F7_fr-histoir_1.htm