Canlas Gilbert Thesis Part 1,2,3

7/26/2019 Canlas Gilbert Thesis Part 1,2,3

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ECO-VERNACULAR THERAPEUTIC RESORT:

RECONCILIATION BETWEEN HUMAN AND NATURE

A Thesis Presented to the

School of Architecture, Industrial Design & the Built Environment

Mapua Institute of Technology

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Architectural Design 09/ AR200/ AR200S

For the Degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE

Presented by

Canlas, Gilbert

2011180039

Architect Junar Pakingan Tablan, uap, MSAE

Adviser

December 2014


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THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Chapter I.1: General Overview

Introduction

The growth of the economy followed by the urbanization within Metro Manila is

undeniable and cannot be stopped. The increase in tourism of the Philippines has become a

great opportunity for the economy to prosper. With hotels being the first option for tourists to

stay, these hotels also serve as their first impression in the Philippines in terms of hospitality

in service and in entertainment. A hotel such as the one with a resort has turned out to be one

of the most basic tourist attractions here in the Philippines due to the archipelagic setting of

the country; it effectively highlights the beauty of the natural surroundings depending on its

location.

With the increase of resort and hotel establishments providing leisure, it has

become underrated for it to focus on the health and wellness of the users without sacrificing

any of their demands. Accommodating such a feature, especially a therapeutic one, will be

something fresh and will give a new variety in hotel selections for tourists. In this sense,

therapeutic means to relax in a way most beneficial to your health and for that to happen,

there should be an effective synergy between the hotel, the resort, the amenities and of

course, the natural surroundings in order to create an environment conducive to not just

relieving stress but also keeping your body in perfect rhythm. In order to create a distinct

hotel and resort that will captivate the users attention and cater to their health needs,

vernacular architecture will be used to emphasize the eco-friendly aspect of the construction

and also to inflict less damage to the environment by utilizing and recycling natural


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materials. That being said, this will create an approach that will give off the true Filipino

vibe.

The hotel and resorts site will be located outside of Metro Manila to reduce the

congestion in the area and to establish a new place of attraction that will benefit the city it

will be in. Pampanga will be a good choice since it has a well-developed international airport

and is also rich in raw, natural and beautiful sights. Given the proximity of an airport, it will

be a great added advantage to the hotel and resort as both these structures embody the

function of taking care of the people wanting to visit and explore the place. Having a

therapeutic resort in the province will increase the demand for tourism in that area and

equipped with the unique feature and different approach to relaxation, the hotel and resort

will be the best of its kind improving both the overall view of therapeutic accommodation

and the philosophy of hospitality the Filipino culture offers.

Background of the Study

Incorporating therapeutics to a resort gives it a whole new function and set of

facilities that will offer a different kind of relaxation and physical wellness to the users. Spa

treatments have a wide range of approaches ranging from physical massage therapy to water

spa therapy. The connection of spa therapy and nature will be both enhanced through

architectural application that will make the ambiance of the resort conducive to relaxation

and peace. The resort will provide different facilities such as restaurants and convention halls

to accommodate nature retreats of local visitors and international travelers reconciling them

with the tranquility brought about by nature.


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Statement of the Problem

The primary purpose of this study is to determine and design a resort and hotel

that feature therapeutics.

1. How will vernacular architecture stand-up in modern day era resort and hotel?

2. How to strategically plan a resort and hotel in order to be successful given that the

site will be in a province?

3. How will it reinvent the current trend of resort and hotel, and will adding therapeutic

facilities be effective?

Project Goals, Objectives and Strategies

The goal for this study is to create a therapeutic specialized resort and hotel that

will effectively reinvent the trend of resorts in the Philippines. The objectives will be:

To create a distinct vernacular architecture that will be modern in approach

To provide enough space to prevent any congestion the resort and hotel could have in

the future, as well as study the topography of the site in order to maximize user

comfort.

To have a well-studied circulation and planning that will improve the functionality of

the hotel, resort and its featured facilities.

To strategically incorporate natural sustainability, namely horticulture therapy, in

order to minimize harm to the environment and to boost the eco-friendly aspect of the

resort.

Given the site in a province, landscaping will be strategically planned to control the

micro-climate of the resort and hotel to again, maximize comfort.


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Significance of the Study

The study shall be beneficial to the following areas / people through:

Benefitting tourism in the Philippines via construction of a specialized resort and

hotel.

Attracting travelers looking for a peaceful, more relaxing environment by applying

principles of therapeutics in the construction of the resorts facilities.

Providing data and improved standards supplementing the capability of incorporating

therapeutics in a resort through research.

Scope and Limitation

The study will cover the inclusion of therapeutics in a resort and hotel. The prime

intention of this inclusion is to synergize both the hospitality innate to the Filipino culture

and the wellness brought about by spa treatments. It shall reinvent the benefits of

therapeutics and integrate it with todays perspective of a resort and hotel that will lead to a

new adaptation in designing a specialized resort such as this one. The design will also act as

an epitome of what an oasis holds in the given site as it provides relaxation and harmony in

both human and nature. To further elaborate its eco-friendly aspect, the resort and hotel shall

utilize natural sustainability strategies in response to different architectural challenges, such

as calamities, without inflicting harm to the environment it is in.

The study will be limited within the ranges of hotel and restaurant management.

The development of solutions will only be therefore regarded directly to the improvement of

the said title. Other architectural approach such as design, planning, orientation and materials

will only be prioritized for the betterment of the resort and hotel in order to have the

maximum impact in the economy and the tourism of the site.


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Assumptions

This study assumes that by blending the wellness of spa treatments, the hospitality

of the Filipino culture and excellent accommodation of the resort, it will create a new breed

of resort not meant for loud physical activities, but for the serenity and relaxation of the users

it will serve.

Conceptual Framework

IMPACT

Increase tourism on site

Address environmental

concerns

Redefine relaxation

provided by resorts and

hotels

SCHEME

Modernize vernacular architecture to

accommodate current tourism demands

and to imbue the Filipino vibe

Reinvent the meaning of relaxation by

veering off from leisure and focusing on

health and wellness

Utilize the environment not just as a

source of indigenous materials but also as

the central focus of construction

VERNACULAR

ARCHITECTURE

Hotel

Resort

Amenities

THERAPEUTICS

Wellness via spa

therapy

Tranquility

through

reconciliation with

nature


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Definitions of Terms

a) Hotela building, edifice or premise or a completely independent part thereof, which

is used for the regular reception, accommodation or lodging of travelers and tourist

and the provision of services incidental thereto for a fee.

b) Resortany place or places with pleasant environment and atmosphere conducive to

comfort, healthful relaxation and rest, offering food, sleeping accommodation and

recreational facilities to the public for a fee or remuneration.

c) Horticulture Therapy - is defined by the American Horticultural Therapy

Association(AHTA) as the engagement of a person in gardening and plant-based

activities, facilitated by a trained therapist, to achieve specific therapeutic treatment

goals.

d) Micro-climate - is a local atmospheric zone where the climatediffers from the

surrounding area. The term may refer to areas as small as a few square feet (for

example a garden bed) or as large as many square miles.


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Chapter I.2: Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Literature

Promoting the Spa Tourism Industry: Focus on Coastal Resorts in Kenya

The connection of health and tourism began dating back in the 1800 in the spa

towns people used to travel. An interest in new age remedies and traditional remedial

therapies has become one of the rapidly growing interests of tourism industry. Tourists are

attracted to health tourism as this gives beneficial treatments for health and rejuvenation. In

Kenya, a relaxation resort is popular and is a good way to develop the tourism. It is proven to

have a positive impact in the economy from domestic users to international travelers who

visit Kenya and in particular Mombasa which is their tourist destination. A resort/hotel spa

offers a spa, fitness and wellness services, as well as spa cuisine menu choices and overnight

accommodations within a resort or hotel.Okech (2014)

There are on-site Spa industry trends identified by Anderson (2011) these are:

Anti-aging treatments and products, gift card sales, regional specialties, increased stress

management, impulse appointments, shift in perspective, changes in demographic use profile,

medical affiliations and green environments. That being said, establishing a therapeutic resort

comes with very detailed considerations in terms of trends.

Based on the resource, it is important to have the primary motive of the resort to

be visited by the people looking for a place to relax and unwind from the pressure of work

and day to day life and also to be pampered.Next, the amenities the resort will have such as

fitness facilities, outdoor sports activities which improve the users health and physical well-

being. In reality, tourists mostly request these treatments.


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Massages remain the popular treatment

Non-traditional products such as Eastern treatments

Water therapy, mud baths, etc.

Use of natural and organic materials to keep the body and mind healthy

Services for couplesdual massages- and beach massages are also

becoming more popular

Health Tourism in Australia: Supply, Demand and Opportunities

The increase in interest in wellness opens up opportunities for a number of

establishments in Australia to accommodate this interest. This also resulted to a broader offer

in terms of services in Australia. Thus wellness could be combined with complementary

activities such as those associated with fitness, nutrition or relaxation.

The health tourism in Australia developed a lifestyle resort visitation which is

typically entails a comprehensive program which focuses on lifestyle transformations and

includes activities and seminars concerning fitness stress management techniques.

(Tremabath 2010)

That being said, the effect of improving health tourism in Australia is doing a great job in

terms of keeping its users more fit through relaxation treatments.

In economy wise, the wellness tourism that Australia has developed is slowly

becoming a norm in terms of how they create their resort. In fact, people from Europe are

visiting them in long-term stays to simply be part of this trend. Statistics from North America

also confirms a large number of beauty spa and lifestyle resort visitors. And according to the

International Spa Association, one in four Americans had visited a spa. Going back to


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Australia, they have developed many destinations / resorts which boost their domestic

tourism market as well as their international tourism market giving wellness tourism a greater

role in the economy.

Key results become significant such as:

Spiritual retreats attracted the highest proportion of males and the highest

proportion of residents aged 55 and over.

Visitors are more than likely to have travelled from other countries in

order to experience the wellness tourism Australian resorts feature.

More than half of the visitors came with a friend, spouse or family

member. Making it an effective venue for bonding and socializing.

Most people that will visit the resort were most likely have a good lifestyle

They also identified six benefit factors of wellness tourism

Escape & relaxation, transcendence, physical health, indulgence, re-establish self-esteem and

important others & novelty.

Relates Studies / Projects

Shangri-Las Boracay Resort & Spa

Known as the private paradise this is located by the hillside and set in an eco-

reserve environment. The resorts accommodations are design meant to blend in its tropical

surrounding making it elegant at first glance. The resort also features Sea view Suite which

they can execute using the advantage of having the resort located by the ocean. The resort

also have convention halls, recreation parks, outdoor sports, and a restaurant that supplement


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the resorts high class feel. The view is always present and the tranquility of the site is very

well preserved and it perfectly demonstrates how to reconcile human with nature.

The tropical vernacular architecture feel is perfectly designed to make it a

paradise to remember. The landscaping make the resort look like it is naturally erected in the

site. And by sunset, the fun does not stop there, the resort feature outdoor cabanas by the

beach to enjoy the breeze coming from the sea. Spa facilities are also products of modern era

making the stay in the resort worthwhile and satisfying both in relaxation and in recreation

activity.


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Puning Hot Spring and Spa

Another example is the Puning Hot Spring and Spa, although lacks the hotel

features to accommodate long staying users and is also far from the beach; it is unique and

manages to deliver its purpose effectively. The site of the spa is located near the Mt. Pinatubo

making it possible to have hot spring. Puning hot springs location is not easy to travel to, but

that is what makes it even more unique because they used that issue to incorporate off-road

travel using small 4x4 trucks. Sights of valleys and mountains can be seen as the truck takes

the customers to the main destination, the spa. The hot spring and spa feature landscaping

that shades them from sunny weather, and thus creating a micro-climate which the researcher

is planning to use in the therapeutic resort and hotel. Another feat is the use of rice terraces

like setting to let the resort rest by a mountain that effectively shades most part of the resort.


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Chapter I.3: Research Design and Methodology

I. Research Methodology

The research methodology used in this research is an empirical case study using

the five senses with methods on observing the current built environment of a Hotel

Resort. With this Methodology, the proponent opts to propose and Eco-vernacular

therapeutic hotel and resort in which it inhibits he bond between human and nature.

The Empirical case study is in line with architectural problems specifying the need of

spaces, adequacy of size and dimensioning proper, the sorts of planning, and the

consequences of uplifting the current status of a Hotel and a Resort into a new and

popular trend. Also, it will look deeper as to how effective will the addition of a new

facility like a therapeutic spa would be effective or what is it that people wanted to

see that might make it better and make it enticing for everyone to consider.

II. Research Instruments

The Case study wouldnt have been possible without its research instruments and

that these instruments play a vital part into the formulation and acquisition of data.

The instrument used in this study includes the variable for the survey, the survey

questionnaire itself, the photo used in the case study and observation of the current

existing structures, log books of the people who use the resort, satisfaction evaluation

sheet forms and may more. Such Data that could be harnessed with the given research

instruments would lead into the acquisition of how we could compare hotels and

resorts from each other and that the variety of people who use it will give an idea of

what is it that they like or what is it that they dont like and needs improvement.


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III. Research Locale

Although the survey was conducted in the context of whoever has been into any

hotel and resort, the research locale wherein the case study was performed was in a

resort in Porac, Pampanga exclusively named to as Poracay having a significant

rhyme with Boracay to make it appealing and to have the notion that it has the same

concept. The site is actually a secluded spot accessible by its access routes as shown

in the map below. (Site map will be seen in the Chapter 4; Case Study Presentation).

Just as, staying up late until night time could greatly persuade you in sleeping in the

said resort. The resorts environment is a rehabilitation of a previously volcanic site

that is buried in deep Lahar or volcanic ash and sand. It resembles a near dessert

state and that the addition of an artificial lagoon and pool would make the resort as an

oasis of some sort. The Map of its location and navigation is shown below.


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IV. Population Universe

The population universe would be the users of the said facility which is a hotel

and a resort. They are users of the facility within the year 2014 and that the memory

of the resort and spa for them is but fresh and new. The variable was to be asked

about their experience and about their up taking of the hotel and resort. Such that,

their satisfaction rate would be weighed on a scale of strongly agree, agree, in doubt,

disagree and strongly disagree. They are asked on the basis of architectural design

perspective and that the knowledge of the said questionnaire has been simplified in

order for them to answer briefly as they could. The variables were picked within

national capital region and that the sampling procedure on how they were selected

will be discussed on the next part of which is sampling procedure.

V. Sampling Procedure

The sampling procedure to be used is the non-random sampling procedure. It is

selected for easy acquisition of data just as given the research instruments of

information of all of those using the facility could already give a list of possible

sampling group yet it is easier done. Every people in the metropolis have a 70%

chance of being in a Hotel and Resort. For sampling, the proponent would assign

numbers to each of the names in population universe through which all of those listed

have been in a hotel and a resort in the previous 9-10monts just as, the assigned

numbers would therefore be picked randomly until 100 variables are ready for survey

questionnaire procedure and each of them would be given time to answer it within

three days and that the data collected from it shall be presented in the qualitative and

quantitative analysis in chapter 4.


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VI. Research Design

The research design that will be used in this empirical case study would be

descriptive and that if the data has already been acquired and that it has already been

organized, it must be studied and must be interpreted through a certain phase. That

phase is a descriptive phase for the proponent will only describe the acquired data and

that it will be organized in order to move to a preceding phase.

VII. Statistical Treatment

The statistical would be descriptive in which after the data is acquired; it will be

manually organized and would be statistically treated acquiring its mean, median and

mode. The definite means are solid ways and that it is most of the time accurate and

precise. Descriptive statistical treatment could be mean meaning getting the average

majority amongst the sample group and interpreting it as a most effective data for it is

the average. Median meaning something that is in the middle would mostly likely to

be considered or must it be mode wherein the majority number against the minority

would have to be the precise winning answer to formulate a conclusion.


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Chapter I.4: Summary of Findings and Analysis

I. Presentation of Case Study

Poracay is a more so Hidden Paradise set amidst the lahar-devastated town of

Porac, Pampanga. It is a new resort yet becoming a fast popular destination during

vacations. It entails family gatherings, outing amongst friends, team buildings and a lot

more. Poracay Resort has developed various accommodation facilities to suit different

needs, ranging from bungalow-type villas, 'sawali' cottages and nipa huts. They are

specifically designed to have a feel of typical Filipino homes and at the same time to

appreciate the simple joys of life.

The pools are located at the heart of this vacationer's haven. This area comprises of

sections that spell outstanding resort design. A heavy sheet of water flows down from its

waterfall going to an adult pool, while two (2) kiddie pools spill excess water into a man-made lake. This man-made lake features amenities similar to other developments in the

US and Europe. It is connected to a boating and fishing sanctuary which appeals to nature

and sports lovers alike.


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Prominently located beside the pools, the Clubhouse is a spacious function hall ideal for

any type of occasion. Celebrate family gatherings such as reunions, weddings, baptisms

birthdays and debuts as well as corporate functions like teambuilding, product

launchings, trainings, seminars and company parties right here in Poracay Resort.

Equipped with audio-visual facilities, it can be set-up in any way to meet the event's

requirements.


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It features a 6-meter wide road, sidewalk, landscapes and a boulder centerpiece that

welcomes guests into the resort. A ticket booth manned by warm and friendly staff is

strategically situated here to give information regarding their stay and their designated

accommodation facility. Guests need not step out of their vehicles when checking in and

out. An administrative office and a huge parking space are planned additions in this

facility for easy access and convenience of guests.

The board and lodging offer different types which include villas, cabins, sawalis, Nippa

Huts and more. These various accommodation facilities suit different needs, ranging from

bungalow-type villas, 'sawali' cottages and nipa huts.

The upper Left Photo is the Nippa Hut, The upper right is the Villa, The lower left are the

cabins and the lower right is the sawali House. All of which are in-house sleeping areas

of board and lodging areas with the site of the Hotel and Resort itself.


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II. Need Analysis

The need analysis of this study is that it is performed within two methods which is

case study method by going into the site and learning its built environment while the

other is the Survey Method done by the use of Survey questionnaires for 100 persons.

Survey method will be discussed on the Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis.

a. Case Study Method

The case study method has learned about the different spaces and its implication

having a built environment used specifically as a temporary housing for the

people of the resort. Just as, in my opinion, the resort has been poorly planned

being constructed just to play its present and current role with the emphasis of its

manifestations in the future. The temporary housing facilities have not been

manned with integrated design space consuming space and it is very tight more so

the lack of personal spaces and proper space programming procedure. The Multi-

functional room isnt huge enough and that it is not proportional to the way the

resort accommodates people for recreation, swimming, and leisure. The impact of

this is that it will soon have the tendency to be poorly maintained just as there is

no water treatment facility and the pool and the lagoon served only for public

having to proper or sustainable approach of maintaining it or overlooking its

image in the future. Another, the Hotel and resort only focused on the fact of

temporary housing, pools and lagoon with no intention of proposing a new trend

for its utmost benefit. They could have included several new spaces like spa or

even a therapeutically treatment wherein it is not only for the joy of usage but the

pleasure of having to satisfy ones self in an all in one package.


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III. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

In this part of the results and discussion, Data is presented through graphical method

like pie charts and the like. This has been regarded to the topic which is an eco-

vernacular therapeutic resort that reconciles the bond between human and nature. There

are 100 survey participants and the data are as follows.

i. How will vernacular architecture stand-up in a modern day era integrated as

a resort and a hotel and that will it be acceptable and satisfactory for the

people?

The Pie Chart above states that people are more comfortable with a wooden

bedroom with 68% from the total. Next to that, 20% states that steel and glassbedroom is also comfortable while a minimum of 7% and 5% states that it is

comfortable with a concrete and stone bedroom respectively. Wood is vernacularin its nature which means to say that wood does have its essential use in avernacular use just as it is comfortable in a hotel and a resort.

The Pie Chart above states that Vernacular materials are better than imported

materials. 60% strongly agreed to it, 20% agreed to it, 17% are in hesitation of it,

3% disagreed on it and none strongly disagreed on to it.

68%5%

7%

20%

a. If in a Resort and Hotel, what kind of bedroom do you

prefer or into which are you more comfortable with?

Wooden Bedroom

Stone Bedroom

Concrete Bedroom

Steel and Glass Bedroom

60%20%

17%

3%

b. Do you think that vernacular (Close to origin) materials are

better to be used than imported materials?

Strongly Agree

Agree

Maybe

Disagree


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The Pie Chart above states that Vernacular materials are better than imported

materials. 60% strongly agreed to it, 20% agreed to it, 17% are in hesitation of it,

3% disagreed on it and none strongly disagreed on to it.

ii.

What are the effective architectural planning strategies that could be

executed to successfully provide the needs of the end users just as the hotel

and result will be in a provincial setting?

The Pie Chart above states the commonly used spaces in a Hotel and Resortfacility to which; Outdoor Swimming Pool Area has the most with 24%, followed

with a tie between Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner area and Board and Lodging both

having 20%, followed by Sports and recreation facilities with 17% and thenanother tied having 7% which is spa and others just as the minimum that got the

need is the Multi-functional area having a 5% from the total.

26%

22%

10%

18%

24%

c. Would you prefer to sleep in a nippa hut with passive air

cooling at a beach that of which is vernacular to the setting,

rather than in an enclosed concrete room ventilated by air-

conditioning?

Strongly Agree

Agree

Maybe

Disagree

Strongly Disagree

5% 7% 7%

17%

20%

20%

24%

a. If in a Hotel and Resort, what spaces do you use often?

Multi-Functional Assembly

Area

Spa

Other

Sports & Recreational

Facilities

Board and Lodging

Breakfast, Lunch and Dinner

Area

Outdoor Swimming Pool Area


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The Pie Chart above states how comfortable the users are with using the said

facilities they commonly use such that; 26% strongly disagrees that it is

comfortable, 24% disagrees, 22% is in doubt, 18% agrees that it is comfortablewhile the lowest of 10% strongly agrees that it is comfortable.

The Pie Chart above states if the spaces within the facility are adequate in terms

of space and its accommodation to the number of persons using the said facilitiessuch that; 22% Strongly Disagrees, 18% disagrees, 26% are in doubt, 24% agrees

and a minimum of 10% strongly agrees.

10%

18%

22%24%

26%

b. Are you comfortable using the said facilities that you are

using in the previous question?

Strongly Agree

Agree

Maybe

Disagree

Strongly Disagree

10%

24%

26%

18%

22%

c. Do you think that the spaces are adequate in terms of the

area of space and its accommodation of the number of persons

using it?

Strongly Agree

Agree

Maybe

Disagree

Strongly Disagree

22%

10%

18%26%

24%

d. Are the spaces you are using planned or situated in a way

that spaces are close to each other like how a shower area is

close to the swimming pool area or any other space related?

Strongly Agree

Agree

Maybe

Disagree

Strongly Disagree


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The Pie Chart above states if the Hotel or the resort has a good and proper

planning schematics. Just as; 22% strongly agrees that it is planned, 10% agreesthat it is planned, 18% are in doubt, 26% being the largest percentage disagrees

that it is planned and then 24% strongly disagrees onto it.

The Pie Chart above states the level of security and privacy within the hotel andresort they have currently been a part of just as; 22% strongly agrees that it is

secured and promotes privacy, 24% just agreed onto it, 26% are in doubt, 18%

disagrees and 10% lowest amongst all strongly disagrees.

The Pie Chart above states if the hotel and resort they have been into uses air-

conditioning and artificial lighting rather than natural ways. Just as 28% being the

majority of the group agreed that most of the hotel and resort uses air-conditioning. 26% agreed following the strongly agreed. And the, 22% are in

doubt, 16% disagreed and 16% minimum strongly believed that there is no air-

conditioning or usage of artificial cooling, ventilation and lighting.

22%

24%26%

18%

10%

e. Does the resorts and hotel youvebeen to promote a strong

sense of privacy and security?

Strongly Agree

Agree

Maybe

Disagree

Strongly Disagree

28%

26%22%

16%

8%

f. Does the resorts and hotel youve been to uses natural

lighting and cooling or does it uses air-conditioning and more

lighting?

Strongly Agree

Agree

Maybe

Disagree

Strongly Disagree


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iii. Is it possible to reinvent the current trend of Hotel and Resort and does

adding a new facility make it better and effective?

The Pie Chart above states the satisfaction level of people with regards to the

current hotels and spas they have been into. 10% Strongly Agrees that they are

satisfied, 17% Agrees that they are satisfied, 22% are in doubt, 23% Disagreed

that they are satisfied and a leading 28% says that they are strongly dissatisfiedwith it.

The Pie Chart above states the if adding a new facility like a therapeutic facility oras spa could make their satisfactory level higher and could it add up a new trend

making hotels and resorts be modified with newly enhanced facilities for the

benefit of the people. 9% Strongly disagreed onto it, 18% disagreed onto it, 20%

are in doubt of it, 24% agreed to it and the a leading 29% says that they arestrongly agreeing to the fact that the addition of such could make things a little bit

more better.

10%

17%

22%23%

28%

a. Are you already satisfied with the current status of thehotels and resorts youvebeen to?

Strongly Agree

Agree

Maybe

Disagree

Strongly Disagree

9%

18%

20%24%

29%

b. Do you think adding a new facility like a therapeutic spa or

any other will make it better and satisfactory?

Strongly Disagree

Disgree

Maybe

Agree

Strongly Agree


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Chapter II Research Focus

Rationale

The objective of this research focus is to create a resort that will be unique in

function and to be a good example of therapeutic resort. The mixture of wellness and resort

will not only just aim the ones that are in need of health care approach but also the ones who

seek new adventure. The target of this said proposal is to be world-class in its specialty as

well as be a prime example of how resort can be manipulated and turned into wellness centre

without sacrificing functionality.

The growth of tourism should be handled well and these tourists should be able to

enjoy their stay and be memorable. By providing them a therapeutic resort that is located

inside a province and not far or by the beach, this will change how tourists look at the whole

province since this resort is aiming to be well-known in its place, thus increasing the tourism

in that specific place. And in order to achieve these goals, innovations in design approach

should be idealized and the aim should always be to improve the tourism in that particular

area by introducing a distinct structure that will be both unique in design feature and

amenities.

Principles and Relevance to the Project

Therapeutic resort is the bridge that connects health and tourism. The modern

concept of a resort is that planned as integrated development with consideration given to its

compatibility with the natural environment and possible benefits to local communities. The

local communities that surround the resort including the residents should be part of the resort

planning process. The people should have the benefit to receive direct employment, operation


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of commercial facilities, and improved community infrastructure and facilities. All this to

improve and maximize the opportunities the resort will have and will give.

There are basic principles that can be applied to resort especially to accommodate its

uniqueness. Land use zoning is applicable to resorts as a concept. Conservation is a basic

principle where the given land will be treated with special care, this involves beaches, ponds,

lakes, lagoons, historical sites, large trees and hill tops. Although, the given site will not be

near a beach, this principle will not be overlooked in this project since to develop an eco-

friendly structure, the design language of the resort should be sustainable and should

maximize the use of land in relation to its functionality in order to avoid wasted

squarefootage

Tourism planning adopts ecosystem-based approaches in order to maintain the

integrity and essential values and services of ecosystems. An ecosystem-based approach will

greatly help identify the multi-source impacts of hotels and resorts. There is a good way for

siting and design of hotels and resorts. These are as follows:

1. Adopt an ecosystem-based approach in tourism development planning

2. Manage impacts on biodiversity from hotel development and attempt to achieve

an overall positive contribution

3. Design with nature and adopt nature-based solutions

4. Respect, involve and support local communities

5. Build collaboration among stakeholders

The principles have been developed based on the finding conducted by IUCN.

There is also a difference between the management of hotels and resorts which are good

guidelines to consider in order having a good idea on how to mix hotel and resort.


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1. Visitor Market

- Hotels cater primarily to both business travellers and leisure travellers

- Resorts cater primarily to the vacation and leisure travellers.

2. Facilities

- Resort rooms are larger

- More closet space is needed for resorts

- Larger amount of land is required for resorts for recreational facilities

3. Location

- Hotels are located in urban areas

- Resorts are located in rural areas

- remoteness of the resort has an appeal to the traveller who seeks an

environment different from the urban environment

4. Recreation

- Resorts invests more on land and equipment for recreation than hotels

5. Seasonality

- Though hotels operate year-round, most resorts only operate based on season

due to location

6. Personnel Attitude

- While hotels are more business-like while resorts have to pamper their users.

Factors to Consider in Resort Development

1. Economic, this determines the profitability of the resort.


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o Capacity - the more facilities & guests, the higher the profit, however

capacity is limited by physical limitations and ecological limitations

o Length of the Season - in special cases, season affects the flow of

profit for a resort

o Capital Investment - the cost of fixed assets for land, building and

recreational facilities is heavy which results to long payback period

2. Social, a resort should develop a good connection to its local community.

o They are the main source of labor

o

They are local customers

o They provide community services

o Resort development would have positive & negative social changes

3. Environmental, considerations.

o Pollution - from fertilizers, pesticides, exhaust fumes, solid wastes &

sewage

o Conservation - resort development may damage the flora & fauna

o Aesthetics impact - resort development may alter the view & beauty

of the natural landscape

Resort Planning Principles

-

Fundamental Concepts

o Resort Environment - this will give the resort a notable look to the

people and also contrast to the tourists home environment


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o Environmental Orientation - tourist can appreciate nature at

environmentally sustainable manner

o Community Orientation - tourist can interact with the local residents

that can encourage leaning of local culture

As for the spa feature of the resort, there is a summarized list of guidelines to be consider.

These principles to be taken into account during Spa Design can be summarized as follows;

these are according to Burcu Pehlivanolus Design Principles of Spa Areas in

Accommodation Facilities.

The place should have sufficient storage area (Areas where the laundry,

professional products and cleaning supplies will be positioned should have

sufficient space).

Cross-circulation areas should not be created in the place; i.e. the area should be

designed as drysemi wetwet. There should not be direct pass from a wet area

into a dry area, semi wet areas should be considered.

Capacity calculations of the places should not be mistaken, for example the

number of the cardio and stretching equipment in the fitness areas should be

properly calculated.

Suitable flooring should be preferred for the wet feet walked areas.

Sales areas should be pre-designed and stands should be positioned afterwards.

Privacy areasshould be designed so as to avoid eye contact.

Factors to cause noise pollution in the place should be eliminated.

Design and location of the relaxation areas should be convenient.

Details and finishes of the shower areas should be clean.


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Design of lighting should be proper, the heat amount should not be low or high,

the color of the light should be properly adjusted.

Relaxing colors should be preferred in the place; however striking colors can be

used in design within the framework of the main theme in relation to the concept.

Ventilation should not make noise especially in the areas such as massage

rooms.

The place should be designed to be fit for the old and disabled.

Attention should be paid to the hygiene of the wet areas.

Application to the Project

Tropical design/ Vernacular Style

Architects have been using vernacular style lately because of its distinct character

that makes it more preferable to use in a resort design. This makes traditional design the

model for resort hotels. In

tourism industry, a past culture

has an overpowering effect on

design as a symbol of the

cultural heritage (Hassan,

2000), and traditional values in

considering ecological

architecture (Steel, 2005).The

sole objective of using

vernacular style to resort is to


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attract as many tourists as possible because this style is very memorable at first glance and is

immediately looks relaxing from afar. Successful luxurious resorts in Malaysia adapted this

style for their resorts which eventually led to better business and tourism in the country. Also

the benefit of having the natural sustainability of vernacular style will be useful in terms of

its energy consumption and such. With proper orientation, vernacular style will be even more

effective since it will maximize the potential of vernacular style. In relation to tourism,

tourists like to visit places that they know has the appearance that the Philippines resort will

have especially for those tourists that came from a different country. Not only the resort is

full of culture in terms of design but also has the potential to boost tourism.

Control of Micro-weather

In addition, the resort will feature a well shaded environment to reduce heat gain

of the hotel building of the resort. This will be executed by using the landscaping

strategically and place the vegetations in favour to the resorts comfort. In a setting in the

middle of a province, controlling the weather will be towards a good direction in terms of

user comfort as it will reflect to the resorts whole user experience. This will also make the

spa pools to be properly shaded and to deliver a very tropical feel inside the resort making

the idea of having an oasis-like resort in the middle of the resorts locality.

The use of such technique in controlling the weather through vegetation will give its own

advantages such as:


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- Cleanses the air with

the help of the

vegetation available

- Reduces the heat gain

of the buildings with

the use of green walls

- It improves energy

efficiency by

controlling the

fluctuation of the

walls temperature

- Aesthetically pleasing

to the eye that has the

potential to attract visitors

Chapter III Site Identification and Analysis

Site Selection Process

Criteria for Site Selection

- The site must be near a major road for easy access

- The given site should benefit to the project economically and in tourism

-

The site should be close from being urbanized or near an urbanized city to

attract mo users and possible visitors.

- Easy accessibility to airports or major expressways for ease of travel

- The site should be near residential place for easy promotion of the project


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Description of Site Options

Angeles City, Pampanga

Angeles is a first-class highly urbanized city located geographically within the

province ofPampanga in thePhilippines.It is bordered byMabalacat to the north;Mexico to

the east;San Fernando to the southeast;Bacolor to the south; andPorac to the southwest and

west. The city administers itself autonomously from Pampanga and, as of the 2010 census, it

has a population of 326,336.

Angeles is served by theClark International Airport in theClark Freeport Zone.

As the former home ofClark air force base (then the largest United States military facility

outside of the continental United States), it was significantly affected by the pullout brought

about by the eruption ofMount Pinatubo in 1991. The economy of Angeles was heavily

dependent on the American base at that time.

Climate: Angeles City

Under theKppen climate classification system, Angeles City features atropical

savanna climate that borders on atropical monsoon climate.Angeles City experiences two

distinct seasons: a dry season from November through April, with a wet season from May

through October. From 1953 to 1991, the mean daily low was 73.6 F and the mean daily

high was 88.1 F, with June being warmest and January and February being the coolest.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#Classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mabalacathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Fernando,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacolor,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porac,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Freeport_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Freeport_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Air_Basehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Pinatubohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_monsoon_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_monsoon_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Pinatubohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Air_Basehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Freeport_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porac,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacolor,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Fernando,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mabalacathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities_of_the_Philippines#Classification


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Mabalacat City, Pampanga

Mabalacat, officially Mabalacat City, is a component city in the northern part of

theprovince ofPampanga,Philippines. The former municipality was officially converted

into a city following a referendum on July 21, 2012, and became the third in Pampanga

afterAngeles City andCity of San Fernando. According to the 2010 census, it has a

population of 215,610 people. The city's name is derived from the ancient "balacat" trees

which were found abundantly in the area.

Mabalacat has a land area of 83.18 square kilometres (32.12 sq mi). Roughly 60%

of theClark Freeport Zone is located in Mabalacat, the rest in nearby Angeles City, where

the Clark main gate is located and which is served by theClark International Airport with its

numerous hotels, casinos, golf courses, and resorts.

The largest barangay is Dau, which became a barrio in 1936 by virtue of

Presidential Proclamation Number 1. It is now a business center whose commercial output

runs parallel to that of downtown. A former terminus of theNorth Luzon Expressway,it is

the most urban and most populous area in Mabalacat, home to roughly 23% of the city's

population. San Francisco, the second largest barangay, along with San Joaquin, Santa Ines,

Poblacion, Calumpang and other barangays are categorized as urban in view of their

proximity to the city proper. Sapang Balen, with a population of 166 persons, is the smallest

barangay.

The city is also a major transportation hub; a number of major road networks

including the North Luzon Expressway, Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway, and MacArthur

Highway cut across the region. At the southern part of the city is the Dau Bus Terminal,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_provincehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angeles,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Fernando,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Freeport_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Luzon_Expresswayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Luzon_Expresswayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_Freeport_Zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Fernando,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angeles,_Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pampangahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_province


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which caters to passengers bound for Metro Manila and provinces in Northern Luzon such as

Tarlac, Pangasinan, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Nueva Ecija, La Union, Bataan, and Zambales.

Porac, Pampanga

Porac is a first classmunicipality in theprovince ofPampanga,Philippines, 26

kilometres (16 mi) west from the provincial capitalSan Fernando. According to the 2010

census, it has a population of 111,441 people.

With an area of 31,400 hectares, Porac is the largest town in Pampanga.

TheSubic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway (SCTEx) traverses this town, the exit of which is

located in Barangay Manuali. Notable residents include former governor and SenatorLito

Lapid,and former governorMark Lapid.Porac was among the largest municipalities in the

archipelago before it was divided into separate municipalities. A portion ofMount

Pinatubo is in the municipality.

Porac has a hilly to mountainous terrain in the majority of its plains. Most rivers,

if not all, are heavily silted by mudflow due to the eruption of Mount Pinatubo and

succeeding lahar flows. Tourist spots include Darabulbul Falls (nicknamed Dara Falls) in

Jalung, Miyamit Falls in Sapang Uwak, and the hot springs of Sitio Puning, accessed through

Sapang Bato in Angeles City. Babo Pangulo offers a view of Porac and Mount Negron.

Porac also has some of the best resorts in Luzon such as Poracay Resort which was case

studied above and also a sports activity place called Sandbox which offers wide variety of

watersports related activities.

Climate

The town of Porac has two distinct climates, rainy and dry. The rainy or wet

season normally begins in May and runs through October, while the rest of the year is the dry
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season. The warmest period of the year occurs between March and April, while the coolest

period is from December through February.

Site Options

Total of 209,676 square meters

Location : Angeles City, Pampanga

The site is behind the Angeles city, city hall

and Marquee Mall. The site is also near the

North Luzon Expressways Angeles city exit.

It is near a residential area which is good for

a resort to be near with.


Location: Mabalacat City,

consists of 4 titles

Pampanga

The site is right beside the

SCTEx and a major road

MacArthur highway. Located


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near residential areas and also the

site is near the Clark

International Airport


Location: Porac, Pampanga

The site is near SCTEx as well.

Also it is nearby Sandbox which

is also an activity establishment

specialized in watersports. Porac

is a good place to create resorts

because of its open areas that

makes the place less congested.

Site Selection and Justification

Sites were properly picked to have each of their own strengths to compete for the

ideal site for a resort. The reason of picking the sites all in Pampanga is to increase the

tourism in the area. Pampanga is developing fast and the prosperity its getting is the perfect

opportunity to amplify it through tourism. By selecting a site for a resort not by the beach,

this will create a new landmark for the local community of the site that will get picked.

These cities and municipality were selected strategically to function well with the

available international airport in Clark Zone, Pampanga. Angeles City, Mabalacat City and


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Porac Municipality have things in common such as access to highways and expressways as

well as economic background that will synchronize with the resorts business in the future.

And in order to select the best suited site, the three sites will have to go through a tight

ethical selection and evaluation.

Criteria will be made to emphasize the effectiveness of the selected sites that will

help determine which one suits to have the project be proposed to.

The criteria will be:

Accessibility (airport,expressway,roads) - 45%

Economy (tourism, etc) - 25%

Close to residential areas (population factor) - 15%

Near other tourist attraction (malls, other resorts, etc) - 15%

Site Criteria Angeles City Mabalacat City Porac

Accessibility 30% 40% 30%

Economy 20% 18% 20%

Close to residential

areas

14% 14% 13%

Near other tourist

attraction

12% 13% 15%

Total (100%) 76% 85% 78%

Mabalacat City got the highest rating which makes it the best choice from the 3 selected

sites. Considering that the site picked in Mabalacat is just by SCTEx and having the


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convenience of being near an international airport, in terms of accessibility, the site in

Mabalacat is the best choice. The site is also near a residential area which makes it easier for

the resort to establish a connection to its local community.

Site Evaluation and Analysis

Macro Setting

Pampanga is a province of thePhilippines located in theCentral Luzonregion.Its

capital is the City of San Fernando. Pampanga is bordered by the provinces

ofBataan andZambales to the west,Tarlac andNueva Ecijato the north, andBulacan to the

southeast. Pampanga also lies on the northern shore of Manila Bay.Angeles City,although

geographically within Pampanga, is classified as afirst-class, highly urbanized city and has a

government independent of the province. The province has a total land mass of 206,247

hectare. Its terrain is relatively flat with one distinct mountain,Mount Arayat and the

notablePampanga River.The province of Pampanga has two distinct climates, rainy and dry.

The rainy or wet season normally begins in May and runs through October, while the rest of

the year is the dry season. The warmest period of the year occurs between March and April,

while the coolest period is from December through February. Farming and fishing are the

two main industries of the province. Major products include rice, corn, sugar cane, and

tilapia. In addition to farming and fishing, the province also supports thriving cottage

industries that specialize in wood carving, furniture-making, guitars, and handicrafts. Every

year during the Christmas season, the province of Pampanga becomes the center of a thriving

industry centered on handcrafted lighted lanterns called "parols" that display a kaleidoscope
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of light and color. Other industries include its casket industry and the manufacturing of all

purpose vehicles present in the Municipality of Sto. Tomas.

Tourism is a growing industry in the province of Pampanga. Clark Freeport is

home to Clark International Airport, designated as the Philippines' future premier gateway.

Other developing industries include semiconductor manufacturing for electronics and

computers mostly located within the freeport.

Pampanga is also a place of good resort; one is Poracay Resort in Porac,

Pampanga. Taking advantage of the big land of Porac, the resort management was able to

build multiple pools. Another good example is the Sandbox in Porac as well, although it is

not a resort, it is still unique in its own way as its activities are ranging from bungee chords

jumps, wakeskate and more.

Map of Pampanga province

Mabalacat, Pampanga is the

third most populated

municipality in Pampanga, this

is where the 60% of Clark

Freeport Zone is located.

Which means the Clark

International Airport very near

Mabalacat

Angeles City is known for

being a highly urbanized city of


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Pampanga which means it administer itself despite being within Pampanga.

Porac features some of the best resorts in Pampanga and with its massive land, it is very ideal

to place a new resort in Porac to further improve the tourism in Pampanga.

Site Evaluation

Mabalacat is politically subdivided into 27 barangays. The largest barangay is

Dau and is now a business center whose commercial output runs parallel to that of

downtown. A former terminus of the North Luzon Expressway, it is the most urban and most

populous area in Mabalacat, home of roughly 23% of the citys population.San Francisco,

the second largest barangay, along with San Joaquin, Santa Ines, Poblacion, Calumpang and

other barangays are categorized as urban in view of their proximity to the city proper.

Economy

Newly proclaimed city of the Province of Pampanga, Mabalacats annual income

of P504,149,053.16 as of 2011 were mostly generated from their municipal license fees, land

tax, Internal Revenue allotment, roads and bridges fund. Mabalacat City in 1997 have 2,447

registered business establishments, these establishments ranges from iron works to bakery

and a lot of trading companies. Dau has eleven banks that serve the financial needs of the

city.

Utilities

The city also has public utilities including the Mabalacat Water System,

Pampanga Electric Corporation II. Mabalacat also have three telephone companies, Datelcom

Corporation, Smart Communications and Digital Telecommunications Philippines,

Incorporated and a cable television which runs in Mabalacat solely the PRO-SAT.


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Accessibility

The city has one of the major transportation hubs which connect the roads of

North Luzon Expressway, Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway, and MacArthur Highway that cut

across the region. Dau has one of the biggest bus terminals that are bound for Metro Manila

and other provinces such as Dagupan, Tuguegarao and other north provinces.

Micro Setting

The Site

The site is located at barangay Mabiga, Mabalacat City Pampanga. SCTEx is right beside the

site as well as right beside a major road that crosses in Pampanga, the MacArthur Highway.

The site is also near Clark International Airport as shown in the map. MacArthur Highway is

one of the most accessible roads in Pampanga that anyone that has access to it can go

conveniently to the site without any problem.

The site is conveniently located near residential areas

A creek in the north part of site makes it easy to establish a property border

The site is relatively flat in surface and is near major highways and expressways

site


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Mabalacat recently became a city, more opportunity an establishments will arrive in

the near future possibly benefiting the said project

The convenience of having the site near an international airport for tourists and for

them to easily book a room in the resorts hotel accommodation, making the process

easy and the travel time distance minimized

Mabalacat is near Angeles and Clark Zone which can give the tourists more

flexibility in terms of going to other places from the resort

The fact that it is near SCTEx makes it even more easily for tourist to travel from or

to the resort, may it be to south or to north

The site has a total of 38,754 square meters, almost 4 hectares. The site is near MacArthur

Highway and SCTEx making it easy to access from major roads. The site is relatively flat

SITE

CREEK

OTHER NON-THERAPEUTIC

RESORTS

RESIDENTIAL

AREA


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and is ready for construction as the zoning of the city allows resorts to be constructed in the

site. Given the site in Mabalacat, the site is 20-30minutes away from the bus terminal in Dau

which makes it even more accessible for commuters coming from Manila, Bulacan or north

provinces like Tarlac, etc.

The site is also near to two other resorts which do not have hotel accommodations

and are non-therapeutic resorts. The addition of a therapeutic resort will give more variety to

the place making it an easy spot for tourist to travel. This can possibly increase the visitors

in that particular area as visitors will see a common area where non-therapeutic resort and a

therapeutic resort coexist, thus expanding their choices.

Site Development Options

Wind Path and Sun Path Analysis

Major winds and sun path

SITE


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Sensory Analysis

The main source of noise is coming from the roads near the site. In the north part of the site,the creek separates the site from other resort.

SITE


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Proposed Site Development Plan

First scheme

Second scheme

Spa pools

Convention hall Main hotel

Convention hall

Main hotel

Spa pools


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Related Appendices


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Works Cited

ALEST (International Association of Scientific Experts in Tourism) (1990). From Traditional Spa

Tourism to Modern Forms of Health Tourism, Travel Research, 28(3): 38-39.

Cooper, Gillian, and Yves Renard. "Siting and Design of Hotels and Resorts." Convention on

Biological Diversity(2012): n. pag. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland, Apr. 2012. Web. Dec. 2014.

Hassan, Ahmad S. "Development of Successful Resort Design with Vernacular Style in Langkawi,

Malaysia."Asian Culture and History. Www.ccsenet.org/ach, Jan. 2010. Web. Dec. 2014.

Hassan, A.S., & Ku Hassan, K.A. (2001). Konsep perumahan tradisional berkelompok dan

berdensiti tinggi di pantai barat Semenanjung Malaysia. Penang: Universiti Sains Malaysia

Press, (Chapter 3).

M. Cohen, Spas, wellness and human evolution (Book style withpaper title and editor), in

Understanding the Spa Industry, Spa Management, 1st ed. Edf: M. Cohen and G Bodeker,

UK, Elsevier, 2008, pp.4

Okech, Roselyne. "Promoting the Spa Tourism Industry."Athens Journal of Tourism. N.p., Mar.

2014. Web. Nov. 2014.


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Pehlivanoglu, Burcu. "Design Principles of Spa Areas in Accommodation Facilities."International

Conference on Transport, Civil, Architecture and Environment Engineering.

ICTCAEE'2012, Dec. 2012. Web. Nov. 2014.

Stanford Research Institute (2008). The global spa economy 2007. Presented in New York City,

Dec. 2014

Steel, J. (2005). Ecological Architecture. London: Thames and Hudson Ltd.. (Chapter 1).

Documents

Canlas Gilbert Thesis Part 1,2,3