Can you read the Can you read the following Words?following Words?

liberalliberal optimisticoptimistic fundamentalfundamental comparisoncomparison nuisancenuisance anxietyanxiety exaggerateexaggerate appreciateappreciate

anxiousanxious curiouscurious accurateaccurate supremesupreme beneficialbeneficial inevitableinevitable provisionprovision applicantapplicant

associateassociate submitsubmit acquireacquire efficientefficient guiltyguilty convertconvert gradualgradual characteristiccharacteristic

datdateedatdatee

He wants to ask her out He wants to ask her out for a for a

He wants He wants toto

her.her.

appointmeappointment.nt.appointmeappointment.nt.

They had They had an an

I’ll try my I’ll try my best to best to make a make a

sale.sale.

I will try my I will try my best to cut best to cut down the down the

price.price.

The winner of the The winner of the

competition will be competition will be

a free voyage to a free voyage to

England. England.

entitled entitled to to entitled entitled to to

Word-chainsWord-chains

considerable-considerateconsiderable-considerate significance-importancesignificance-importanceconfident-confidenceconfident-confidenceoutstanding-extraordinaryoutstanding-extraordinarycompare to- compare with-comparative-comparisoncompare to- compare with-comparative-comparisonmild-tender-light-slightmild-tender-light-slightaccount-account for-on account ofaccount-account for-on account of

Word ChainsWord Chains

cancel-concealcancel-concealaccurate-preciseaccurate-precise involve-evolveinvolve-evolve include-conclude-excludeinclude-conclude-exclude like-alike-dislike-unlikelike-alike-dislike-unlikedifferent-indifferent different-indifferent inevitable-unavoidableinevitable-unavoidableconcentrate on-focus onconcentrate on-focus onstaff-stuffstaff-stuff

consist of: （与 of 连用） 组成，构成，包括，由…组成The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。comprise: To consist of; be composed of; constituteThe house comprises ten rooms. 这所房子包括 10 个房间。constitute 组成；构成 make up7 days constitute a week 七天构成一星期"England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland constitute / compose / make up the United kingdom." 英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成联合王国。compose （由…）组成，构成Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢和氧组成的。Fifty states compose (or constitute or make up) the Union. 著，作，撰（音乐、诗等） ----composer compromise

Finding out Word Finding out Word MeaningMeaning

Most experienced readers try to guess or make out the meaning of unfamiliar words through context. Meanwhile, in order to make meaning clear, good writers often provide or give such clues for readers.

Have A TryHave A Try

• After a day’s hunting, Harold is ravenousravenous. Yesterday, for example, he ate two bowels of soup, salad, a large chicken, and a piece of chocolate cake before he was finally satisfied.

• After the accident, the ship went down so fast we weren’t able to salvagesalvage any of our personal belongings.

GuessingGuessing

Extremely hungryTo save from damage

GuessingGuessing

How to figure out How to figure out the meaning of a the meaning of a certain word within certain word within contextcontext

New wordsNew words ContextContext

CluesClues

GuessingGuessingCheckingChecking

MemoriziMemorizingng

GuessingGuessing

Using context CluesUsing context Clues

DefinitionRestatement General knowledgeRelated information (Logic

relationship)ExampleComparison and contrastWord-building clues

GuessingGuessing

• The harbor is protected by a jettyjetty --- a wall built out unto the water.

• Jane is indecisiveindecisive, that is, she can’t make up her mind.

DefinitioDefinitionn堤坝

Not good at making decisions

• He had a wan look. He was so pale and weak that we thought he was ill.

• Carbon monoxide (CO) is a noxious gas which can cause death.

RestatemeRestatementnt

(face) paler than usual and tired-looking.

poisonous

• The door was so low that I hit my heads on the lintellintel.

• Mark got on the motorbike, I sat behind him on the pillionpillion, and we roared off into the night.

General General knowledgeknowledge（门窗上的）过梁

（摩托车的）后座

• “She went to school for 12 years and she can't write a sentence?” Timken said. “They made an illiterateilliterate out of my daughter!”

• Timken was now angry…once again he flew flew into a rageinto a rage.

Related Related InformationInformation

Lose one’s temper

Unable to read or write

• Select any of the periodicalsperiodicals: Times, Newsweek, Reader’s Digest, or the New Yorker.

• She is studying glaucomaglaucoma and other disease of the eye.

Using Using ExamplesExamples杂志、期刊

A kind of eye disease (青光眼 )

• The snow was falling. Big flakesflakes drifted with the wind like feathers.

• Jane was talkative, while Eliza remained reticentreticent all the time.

Comparison & Comparison & ContrastContrast雪花

Unwilling to speak

Comparison & Comparison & ContrastContrast

comparison Similarities

Signal words

similarities

contrast The opposite

Comparison & Comparison & ContrastContrast

Signal words

Opposite in meaning

• She outlivedoutlived her brother.

• They are working overtimeovertime to finish the work.

• She was so helplesshelpless.

Word-building Word-building cluescluesLive longer than

Beyond the usual time needed

Without help

ExercisExercisee

• I am a resoluteresolute man. Once I set up a goal, I won’t give it up easily.

• “We have found that no one in the freshman class can add, multiply, subtract or divide simple sums… therefore, we are setting up a special remedial arithmeticarithmetic course…”

Determined in character,action or ideas

算术

ExercisExercisee

• Just before the exam Carl’s hands shook and sweated so much that he could not hold a pen. His heart beat fast and his stomach ached, even though he knew the subject very well. He really had a strange phobiaphobia about taking tests.

• The snake slitheredslithered through the grass.

恐惧症

蜿蜒地滑行

ExercisExercisee

• We watched as the cat came quietly through the grass toward the bird. When it was just a few feet from the victimvictim, it gathered its legs under itself and pouncedpounced.

• Our uncle is a roamerroamer, an incurable wanderer who never could stay in one place.

受害者，受灾者

猛扑

闲逛者

ExercisExercisee

• If you crookcrook a part of your body, especially your arm or your finger, you bend it.

• Someone who is deceitful deceitful behaves in a dishonest way by making other people believe something that is not true.

To bend

dishonest

ExercisExercisee

• George was one of my most diligentdiligent students; he was willing to spend hours working on mastering a new subject.

• Most of us agreed; however, Bill dissenteddissented.• Peter was not frugalfrugal since he spent money so fre

ely.

Hard working

disagreeCareful when using money and food

ExercisExercisee

• The machine in the hardware store can reprodureprodu

cece a key in two minutes. • Most modern architectures are built with glasses,

steer and concreteconcrete. • It was necessary for the application forms to be s

ent back before the deadlinedeadline.

Produce a copy of

混泥土 time limit

ExercisExercisee

• The doctor declared that the patient had a fatal disease and would die within a week.

A. mild B. curable C. deadly D. constant

• He knows five romance languages, namely, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and Rumanian.

A. that is to say B. by name C. respectively D. differently

ExercisExercisee

• He went ahead regardless of all warnings about the danger of his mission.

A. in case of B. in spite of C. because of D. prior to• Children who are over-protected by their parents

may become spoiled. A. physically hurt B. damaged C. lack of discipline D. harmed• Niagara Falls is a great tourist attraction, drawing

millions of visitors every year. A. attention B. appointment C. interesting place

D. nice arrangement

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Jigsaw PuzzleJigsaw Puzzle

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AssignmentAssignment

Read the passage “A New Toy” and try to guess the meaning of italicized words.

Learn Lesson 16- Lesson 30《大学综合英语》奠基篇 unit 1-unit 2 vo

cabulary and cloze