Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-45158-1 - Three …assets.cambridge.org/97805214/51581/frontmatter/9780521451581... · cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne,

C A M B R I D G E G R E E K A N D L AT I N C L A S S I C S

G e n e r a l E d i t o r s

P. E . E a s t e r l i n g

Regius Professor Emeritus of Greek, University of Cambridge

P h i l i p H a r d i e

Senior Research Fellow, Trinity College, Cambridge

R i c h a r d H u n t e r

Regius Professor of Greek, University of Cambridge

E . J. K e n n e y

Kennedy Professor Emeritus of Latin, University of Cambridge

S . P. O a k l e y

Kennedy Professor of Latin, University of Cambridge

www.cambridge.org© in this web service Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-45158-1 - Three Homeric Hymns: To Apollo, Hermes, and AphroditeEdited by Nicholas RichardsonFrontmatterMore information

http://www.cambridge.org/9780521451581

http://www.cambridge.org


T H R E E H O M E R I C H Y M N S

TO APOLLO,HERMES, AND

APHRODITEH Y M N S 3 , 4 , A N D 5

ed ited by

N I C H O L A S R I C H A R D S O N

Emeritus Fellow of Merton College, Oxford






cambr idge un iver s i ty pre s sCambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore,

Sao Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo

Cambridge University PressThe Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 8ru, UK

Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York

www.cambridge.orgInformation on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521457743

c© Cambridge University Press 2010

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exceptionand to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,no reproduction of any part may take place without the written

permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2010

Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge

A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication dataHomeric hymns. Selections.

Three homeric hymns : to Apollo, Hermes, and Aphrodite, hymns 3, 4, and 5 / NicholasRichardson.

p. cm. – (Cambridge Greek and Latin classics)Includes index.

isbn 978-0-521-45158-1 (hardback)1. Homeric hymns. 2. Hymns, Greek (Classical) 3. Gods, Greek – Poetry.

I. Richardson, N. J. (Nicholas James) II. Title.pa4023.h8 2010

883′.01 – dc22 2009038169

isbn 978-0-521-45158-1 Hardbackisbn 978-0-521-45774-3 Paperback

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence oraccuracy of urls for external or third-party Internet websites referred to

in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on suchwebsites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.






A.M.D.G.

ForRachel Chapman,

and to the memory ofPeter Levi






CONTENTS

List of maps and figure page viiiPreface ixList of abbreviations xi

Introduction 11 The Homeric Hymns 1

(a) Nature and purpose 1(b) Origins of the collection 3(c) Structure and themes 4

2 Hymn to Apollo 9(a) Structure 9(b) Authorship and date 13(c) Language and style 15

3 Hymn to Hermes 17(a) Structure 17(b) The hymn as comedy 19(c) Relationship with the Hymn to Apollo 20(d) Legal aspects 21(e) Music and prophecy 21(f) Aetiology 22(g) Language and style 23(h) Dating, and occasion of first performance 24(i) Relationship with other versions 25

4 Hymn to Aphrodite 27(a) Structure and themes 27(b) Relationship with other early poetry 29(c) Date and place of composition 30(d) Style 30

5 The Homeric Hymns and Hellenistic Poetry 316 Transmission of the text 32

Sigla 34

three homer ic hymns 35To Apollo 37To Hermes 53To Aphrodite 71

Commentary 81

Bibliography 256

Indexes 268

vii






MAPS AND FIGURE

Homeric Hymn to Apollo page xiv

Map 1 Leto’s wanderings (lines 30–49) and voyage of Cretanship (391–523) xiv

Map 2 Apollo’s search for an oracle site (216–86) xv

Homeric Hymn to Hermes xvi

Map 3 Hermes’ journeys xviPieria: lines 70–4 etc.Onchestos: 87–93, 185–212River Alpheios: 101–2, 139, 397–8Mt Cyllene: 2, 142, 228, 337

Figure 1 White ground lekythos (detail showing a lyre) by the Thanatos Painter.c© 2010 Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. 161

viii






PREFACE

In August 1992 Pat Easterling wrote to me, suggesting an edition ofsome of the Homeric Hymns for this series. Fortunately the long delay incompleting the present volume has not deterred several younger scholarsfrom undertaking more detailed commentaries on each of these threepoems. This has made it easier for me to see my own work as a stage in aprocess, rather than an attempt to offer a final verdict on all the possiblequestions which might arise.

I have not undertaken a new examination of the manuscripts, but haveused the apparatus criticus of Cassola. In the Introduction linguistic issuesare briefly discussed, and there is still scope for further work in this area.Equally, my suggestions about the dating and provenance of these hymnsare very provisional, and I should be only too happy if others can improveon these. I regret that it has not been possible to discuss more extensivelythe Nachleben of the Hymns, a subject on which much more remains tobe said, or to include some of the shorter ones as I had originally hopedto do.

verum haec ipse equidem spatiis exclusus iniquispraetereo atque aliis post me memoranda relinquo.

In view of the fact that Andrew Faulkner’s major edition of the Hymn

to Aphrodite is now published, I have also kept my commentary on thispoem (which I had drafted first of all) relatively brief, and have paid moredetailed attention to the other two hymns.

My main hope is that this edition will enable students of these delightfulpoems both to understand and to enjoy them more fully.

I am conscious of many debts of gratitude. Several sabbatical terms,generously provided by Oxford University and Merton, gave opportuni-ties for periods of more sustained work, and a British Academy awardallowed me an extra term free. The Fondation Hardt, the British Schoolat Rome (together with the library of the German Archaeological Insti-tute), and Stanford University have also offered congenial environmentsfor study at various times. I am especially grateful to Richard Martinand Marsh McCall for enabling me to spend some months at Stanford,and to the members of my graduate class there for their contributions.I also benefited from the classes on the Hymn to Aphrodite given someyears ago in Oxford by Peter Parsons. Most recently, a conference in

ix






x PREFACE

Lyon on Greek hymns in June 2008, organised by Pascale Brillet-Dubois,Richard Bouchon, and Nadine Le Meur, has provided useful new ideasand stimulus.

I have greatly enjoyed and profited from interaction with four schol-ars working on individual hymns, Mike Chappell, Andrew Faulkner,Oliver Thomas, and Athanasios Vergados. Mike’s doctoral thesis (‘ACommentary on the Homeric Hymn to Delian Apollo, with Prolegom-ena’, London, 1995) offered much helpful material. Both Andrew andOliver read drafts of the introduction and made valuable suggestions forimprovement, and I have profited from Athanasios’ discussion of otherversions of the Hermes story in his PhD thesis. In addition, I am gratefulfor advice or help received from John Boardman, Jim Coulton, MalcolmDavies, Stephen Evans, Helen Hughes-Brock, Barbara Kowalzig, RachelMaxwell-Hyslop, Douglas Olson, Robert Parker, Natasha Peponi, SimonPulleyn, William Slater, Martin West, and Nigel Wilson. As editors of theseries Pat Easterling and Richard Hunter have been unfailingly patientand supportive, and I have nothing but praise and thanks for the thor-oughness with which they have offered suggestions for improvement. Theexemplary work of Dr Iveta Adams as copy editor has also done much toimprove the form and expression of the final version.

Cecilia Nobili recently sent me a copy of her interesting PhD thesis,‘L’Inno Omerico a Ermes e le tradizioni poetiche locali’ (Milan, 2008), andI am sorry that I have not been able to take account of this.

Work on two of these hymns, to Apollo and Hermes, really began withclasses which Peter Levi and I gave together in the 1970s. I rememberPeter saying then that I should do an edition of them. Classes with Peterwere always uniquely stimulating and enjoyable, and I much regret thathe is no longer with us to see his advice finally followed. This book isdedicated to his memory, and also to Rachel Chapman, who has typedcountless drafts of the work over so many years. For her astonishingaccuracy and patience I am immeasurably grateful.

N. J. R.






ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviations for Greek authors usually follow those in LSJ. Periodicals areabbreviated as in L’Annee philologique.

AHS Allen, T. W., Halliday, W. R., and Sikes, E. E. (1936)The Homeric Hymns. Oxford

Allen and Sikes Allen, T. W. and Sikes, E. E. (1904) The Homeric

Hymns. OxfordANET Pritchard, J. B., ed. (1969) Ancient Near Eastern Texts,

3rd edn with supplement. PrincetonArch. Hom. Metz, F. and Buchholz, H. G., edd. (1969–)

Archaeologia Homerica: die Denkmaler und das fruhgriechische

Epos. GottingenCassola Cassola, F. (1975) Inni omerici. RomeChantraine, Dict. Chantraine, P. (1968–80) Dictionnaire etymologique de la

langue grecque. ParisChantraine, GH Chantraine, P. (1942–53) Grammaire homerique. ParisDaremberg and Saglio, Daremberg, C. and Saglio, E. (1877–1919)

Dictionnaire Dictionnaire des antiquites grecques et romaines. 10 vols. ParisDavies Davies, M., ed. (1988) Epicorum Graecorum fragmenta.

GottingenDenniston, GP 2 Denniston, J. D. (1950) The Greek particles, 2nd edn.

OxfordFarnell, Cults Farnell, L. R. (1896–1909) Cults of the Greek states.

OxfordFGrH Jacoby, F. (1923–58) Die Fragmente der griechischen

Historiker. LeidenGemoll Gemoll, A. (1886) Die homerischen Hymnen. LeipzigHumbert Humbert, J. (1936) Homere, Hymnes. ParisLfgrE Snell, B. and Erbse, H., edd. (1955–) Lexikon des

fruhgriechischen Epos. GottingenLIMC Lexikon iconographicum mythologiae classicae (1981–99).

ZurichL–P Lobel, E. and Page, D. L., edd. (1955) Poetarum

Lesbiorum fragmenta. OxfordLSJ Liddell, H. G., Scott, R., and Jones, H. S. A

Greek–English lexicon, 9th edn, 1940; Supplement, 1996.Oxford

Monro, HG2 Monro, D. B. (1891) A grammar of the Homeric dialect,2nd edn. Oxford

xi






xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

M–W Merkelbach, R. and West, M. L, edd. (1967) Fragmenta

Hesiodea. OxfordNilsson, GGR i3 Nilsson, M. P. (1967) Geschichte der griechischen Religion,

vol. i, 3rd edn. MunichOCD Hornblower, S. and Spawforth, A., edd. (1996) The

Oxford classical dictionary, 3rd edn. OxfordPCG Kassel, R. and Austin, C., edd. (1983–) Poetae comici

Graeci. BerlinPEG ed. Bernabe Bernabe, A. (1988) Poetae epici Graeci: testimonia et

fragmenta. Pars i. LeipzigPMG Page, D. L., ed. (1962) Poetae melici Graeci. OxfordPowell, CA Powell, J. U., ed. (1925) Collectanea Alexandrina. OxfordPrinceton Encyclopedia Stilwell, R., ed. (1976) The Princeton encyclopedia of

classical sites. PrincetonRadermacher Radermacher, L. (1931) Der homerische Hermeshymnus.

ViennaRE Wissowa, G. et al., edd. (1893–) Paulys Real-Encyclopadie

der classischen Altertumswissenschaft. Stuttgart andMunich

SH Lloyd-Jones, H. and Parsons, P. J., edd. (1983)Supplementum Hellenisticum. Berlin

TrGF Snell, B., Kannicht, R., and Radt, S. L., edd. (1971–)Tragicorum Graecorum fragmenta. Gottingen

V Voigt, E.-M., ed. (1971) Sappho et Alcaeus. Amsterdamvan Eck Eck, J. van (1978) ‘The Homeric Hymn to

Aphrodite’. Diss. Utrecht

Other editions of Homer, Homeric Hymns, and Hesiod, referred toby author’s name (e.g. Kirk on Il. 1.1, etc.):

Kirk, G. S. (1985) The Iliad: a commentary. Books 1–4. CambridgeKirk, G. S. (1990) The Iliad: a commentary. Books 5–8. CambridgeHainsworth, J. B. (1993) The Iliad: a commentary. Books 9–12. CambridgeJanko, R. (1992) The Iliad: a commentary. Books 13–16. CambridgeEdwards, M. W. (1991) The Iliad: a commentary. Books 17–20. CambridgeRichardson, N. J. (1993) The Iliad: a commentary. Books 21–24. CambridgeHeubeck, A., West, S., and Hainsworth, J. B. (1988) A commentary on Homer’s

Odyssey: books i–viii. OxfordHeubeck, A. and Hoekstra, A. (1989) A commentary on Homer’s Odyssey: books

ix–xvi. OxfordRusso, J., Fernandez-Galiano, M., and Heubeck, A. (1992) A commentary on

Homer’s Odyssey: books xvii–xxiv. OxfordRichardson, N. J. (1974) The Homeric Hymn to Demeter. Oxford






LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xiii

West, M. L. (1966) Hesiod: Theogony. OxfordWest, M. L. (1978) Hesiod: Works and Days. OxfordSolmsen, F., Merkelbach, R., and West, M. L. (1990) Hesiodi opera, 3rd edn.

Oxford

The four major Homeric Hymns are referred to as H. Ap. (= Hymn 3), H. Aph.

(= Hymn 5), H. Dem. (= Hymn 2), and H. Herm. (= Hymn 4). The remainder arereferred to by their number in Allen’s Oxford text (e.g. H. 6, etc.).






0

0

300 km100

50 100

200

150 miles

Autocane

Mt Ida

SamothraceImbros

Lesbos

Mimas

CorycosClaros

Mycale

Chios

Samos

Phocaea

Cos

Carpathos

Cnidus

Naxos

DelosRheneia

Aegina

Paros

Crete

Athens

Cnossos

Pheai

PylosAreneThryon

Mt Athos

Pelion

Euboea

Aigai

Delphi

AnactoriumAmbracia

Epidamnus

C. Taenarum

Larissa

Vergina

Pella Eion Abdera

Voyage of Cretan ship

PeparethosScyros

Andros

Melos

Cythera

Corinth

Sparta

Lemnos

Miletus

Map 1 Leto’s wanderings (lines 30–49) and voyage of Cretan ship (391–523).






0

0

250 km150

150 miles

50 200

50 100

100

Pella

Epidamnus

Vergina

NeapolisAbdera

Thasos

Lemnos

Scyros

Euboea

Scione

Acanthus

Amphipolis

Dodona

Ambracia

Corcyra

Leucas

Ae

ge

an

Se

a

Mt Olympus

Mt AthosPIE

RIA

PERRHAIBOI

IolcosPelion

Larissa

Paros

Crete

Aegina

Athens

Sparta

Cephallenia

Anactorium

Zacynthos

Pylos

Corinth

Lelantine Plain

Euripus

ThebesTeumessos

MycalessosOnchestos

DelphiPhlegyai

Haliartos

Cenaeon

Olympia

M e d i t e r r a n e a n S e a

Ionian Sea

Cythera

Melos

Mt Parnassos

Apollo’s search

Andros

Peparethos

C. Taenarum

Map 2 Apollo’s search for an oracle site (216–86).






0

0

250 km150

150 miles

50 200

50 100

100

Pella

Epidamnus

Vergina

NeapolisAbdera

Thasos

Lemnos

Scyros

Euboea

Scione

Acanthus

Amphipolis

Dodona

Ambracia

Corcyra

Leucas

Ae

ge

an

Se

a

Mt Olympus

Mt Athos

IolcusPelion

Larissa

Paros

Crete

Aegina

Athens

Sparta

Cephallenia

Anactorium

Zacynthos

Pylos

Olympia

Corinth

AigaiEuripusDelphi

Andros

Cythera

PIE

RIA

M e d i t e r r a n e a n S e a

Ionian Sea

Mt Cyllene

Melos

Onchestos

R. Alpheios

Peparethos

C. Taenarum

Map 3 Hermes’ journeys – Pieria: lines 70–4 etc.; Onchestos: 87–93, 185–212; RiverAlpheios: 101–2, 139, 397–8; Mt Cyllene: 2, 142, 228, 337.






Documents

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-45158-1 - Three …assets.cambridge.org/97805214/51581/frontmatter/9780521451581... · cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne,