Cambodia’s Victim Zero: Global and National Responses to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

8/11/2019 Cambodias Victim Zero: Global and National Responses to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza

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Cambodias Vict im Zero: Global and National

Responses to Highly Pathogenic Avian

Influenza Sophal Ear, PhD

Ass istant Professo r

Naval Postgraduate School

26 February 2009

Brighton, United Kingdom

Table of Contents

I. Introduction

II. TimelineMoments

III. Policy Narratives

IV. Understanding thePolitical Economy

of the PolicyProcess

V. Conclusion


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I. Intro: Cambodias response to

global public health crisis

Intro: Global responses affect on

Cambodia


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Awash in donor money, Cambodia

played its role on a global policy stage

Goal: reduce pandemic potential that

could strike donor countries themselves


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A Few Words on Methodology

Qualitative research methodology

40+ one-on-one semi-structured interviews

across govt, private sector, & NGOs

Web survey launched on 27 May 2008

44 visits

17 responses

II. TimelineContext Political Structure and Modern History

Aid Dependence and Tourism

The Livestock Sector and Poultry in

Particular

Human Pandemic Flu Timeline

Spanish (H1N1) HK flu H3N2 HPAI H5N1 H7N2 H7N3 H10N7

Asian flu H2N2 Russian H1N1 H9N2 H5N1


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TimelineMoments

Start: SARS (2002), A Wake-up Call;

Enter HPAI (2004)

Middle: HPAI Control Activities; From

Animal to Human Health


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Emerging or Reemerging Disease

Threat Since 1990

Enter Super Moan &

Pandemic Preparedness


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TimelineMoments: Last Act


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III. Policy Narratives

Narrative 1: Cull without Compensation

Narrative 2: Its Health Now!

Narrative 3: What about Poverty and

Livelihoods?

Cull without Compensation


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Its Health Now!

Poverty and Livelihoods


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Actors, Networks, and Interests

Adapted from data originating from Avian Influenza and Pandemic Preparedness Funding Matrix Cambodia 2008-2009, see Table 1.5 in Annex 1.

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5

4

3

2

1

Network diagram on the relationship

between donors and the government


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With respect to Avian Influenza, the Royal Government

of Cambodia has intervened effectively and

appropriately, given resource allocations.

500001

83%0%0%0%0%17%(e) Other

202272

13%0%13%13%47%13%(d) Pandemic preparation:

302331

25%0%17%25%25%8%(c) Protecting livelihoods:

100671

7%0%0%40%47%7%(b) Among animals:

201481

13%0%6%25%50%6%(a) Among humans:

N/AStrongly

Disagree

DisagreeNeutralAgreeStrongly

Agree

With respect to Avian Influenza, Donors (including all

non-Royal Government of Cambodia entities whether

local or international) have intervened effectively andappropriately, given resource allocations.

000000

0%0%0%0%0%0%(e) Other

301451

21%0%7%29%36%7%(d) Pandemic p reparation:

202450

15%0%15%31%38%0%(c) Protecting livelihoods:

000591

0%0%0%33%60%7%(b) Among animals:

2002103

12%0%0%12%59%18%(a) Among humans:

N/AStrongly

Disagree

DisagreeNeutralAgreeStrongly

Agree


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IV. Understanding the Political

Economy of the Policy Process Donors and NGOs

Beyond Aid: Other Sources of Revenue

and the Importance of Tourism

Bureaucratic Politics and Patronage

Media Spin

Cambodias AI & Pandemic

Preparedness Pie (2008-2009)

$8,944,457 , (40%)

$6,198,512 , (28%)

$5,031,076 , (23%)

$2,077,861 , (9%)

Animal health

Human health

Information,education,

communication(IEC)

Pandemicpreparedness

Source: Avian Influenza and Pandemic Preparedness Funding MatrixCambodia 2008-2009, see Table 1.5 in Annex 1.


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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YeL3pM8L8DA

16 minute video

Available in two parts on

YouTube under the title:

Cambodia: THE BIRD FLU

"PANDEMIC" HOAX!

V. Conclusion: Key challenges,

obstacles and opportunities

Dont Forget Livelihoods!

Government and Donors motivated by other

concerns

Revisiting Compensation

Tremendous confusion about its use and

effectiveness elsewhere


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Conclusion (contd)

Increase credibility of MAFF as partner by

building its technical capacity & financial

management

Ultimate responsibility for success or

failure of policies must rest with those in

chargeauthorities themselves

Documents

Cambodia’s Victim Zero: Global and National Responses to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza