California Department of Public Health MEMORANDUM - Home Page | California State Water ... · 2017-03-03 · 5. No additions, changes or modifications to the sources of water supply

California Department of Public Health

M E M O R A N D U M

Date: June 13, 2014 To: Tricia A. Wathen, P.E. Senior Sanitary Engineer - Visalia District Southern California, Drinking Water Field Operations Branch From: Shavonne Stallworth, E.I.T. Sanitary Engineer - Visalia District Southern California Branch, Drinking Water Field Operations Subject: City of Shafter Sanitary Survey Report – 1510019 Kern County

A. Introduction

On January 16, 2014, Ms. Shavonne Stallworth, Sanitary Engineer, inspected the City of Shafter’s (City) drinking water supply system with Mr. Michael James, P.E., Public Works Director. All aspects of the drinking water system are managed by Mr. James. The last Sanitary Survey was conducted by Ms. Shavonne Stallworth on July 27, 2011. Permit The City is currently operating the water system under the authority of a revised Domestic Water Supply Permit No. 03-12-09P-006 dated December 7, 2009, for the addition of Well No. 17 and granular activated carbon (GAC) at Well No. 14 for 1, 2, 3 – Trichloropropane (1, 2, 3-TCP). This permit currently has no amendments. Listed below are the permit provisions from Permit No. 03-12-09P-006:

1. The City of Shafter shall comply with all the requirements set forth in the California Safe Drinking Water Act, California Health and Safety Code and any regulations, standards or orders adopted thereunder.

2. The only approved sources of domestic water supply for use by the City are

listed in the table below:

City of Shafter Sanitary Survey Report June 2014 Page 2

Source Name Primary Station Code Status Well No. 06 1510019-002 Active Well No. 07 1510019-003 Active Well No. 08 1510019-004 Active Well No. 10 1510019-006 Active Well No. 11 1510019-007 Active Well No. 12 1510019-008 Active Well No. 14 1510019-009 Active Well No. 17 1510019-017 Active

3. All of the City’s wells are approved to provide disinfection of the water

supply using NSF approved 12.5% sodium hypochlorite solution. 4. The only approved treatment for use by the City is GAC treatment at Well

No. 14 to reduce the 1, 2, 3-TCP concentration. The treatment plant shall be operated based on their approved Operations Plan.

Approved Treatment Treatment PS Code

Well No. 14- After GAC 1, 2, 3-TCP 1510019-016

5. No additions, changes or modifications to the sources of water supply or treatment processes outlined in Provisions 2, 3 and 4 can be made unless an amended domestic water supply permit has been approved by the Department.

6. Under the operator certification regulation, the City’s water system is classified as a D3 system. The City must have a chief distribution operator who is certified, at a minimum, as a D3 distribution system operator.

7. All treatment facilities shall be operated by personnel who have been certified in accordance with the Regulations relating to Certification of Water Treatment Facility Operation, CCR, Title 22. The GAC treatment plant at Well No. 14 is classified as a T2 water treatment plant and as such, the minimum certification levels of the chief and shift operator are T2 and T1, respectively.

8. The City shall, at a minimum, follow the monitoring requirements presented

below when Well No. 14 and corresponding GAC treatment plant is in use. The analytical results shall be submitted to the Department using electronic data transfer (EDT) and the PS Codes indicated. A summary report containing these results for any month when the plant is in operation shall be submitted by the 10th day of the following month to the Department.


Daily operational records including, at a minimum, flow rates, total volume treated, daily chlorine residuals, operational changes, and unusual occurrences, shall be maintained by the City.

Well No. 14 GAC Treatment Plant Monitoring

Raw Water Treated Water Blended Treated Water 1,2,3-TCP Quarterly Monthly*** Monthly

Nitrate Quarterly Weekly Monthly Total Coliform Monthly Monthly --

HPC’s Monthly Monthly -- *** Sampling frequency shall increase to weekly when

1, 2, 3-TCP concentration reaches 0.005-μg/L.

9. The City must conduct weekly monitoring of the GAC effluent for nitrate. Additionally, any time the treatment plant is offline for more than 6 hours, the City shall monitor the effluent nitrate concentration once the well has been back online for at least one hour but not more than three hours.

10. The City shall collect another sample for DBCP in the 3rd quarter of 2009 in

order to confirm if the initial DBCP result from April 17, 2009 necessitates further monitoring to determine compliance with the DBCP MCL. All results shall be transmitted electronically to the Department via EDT.

11. The City shall sample the raw untreated water from Well No. 17 on a

monthly basis for coliform bacteria. In the event that the presence of total coliform bacteria is detected, E. coli and fecal coliform bacteria shall also be analyzed utilizing an approved method that will provide the analytical results as a density in MPN/100ml (most probable number per 100 milliliters) units.

12. The City shall submit an annual report summarizing and assessing GAC

treatment unit performance during the previous year to the Department by March 1 of each year. The annual report shall include the following:

a) Comprehensive discussion of action taken in the previous year

including carbon change outs, carbon disinfection procedures, vessel backwashing, treatment unit maintenance, monitoring changes, operational changes and problems, nitrate dumping and other water quality problems and corrective actions.

b) An evaluation of the performance of each treatment vessel during the previous year.


The City has complied with and continues to comply with all permit provisions except permit provision No. 12. The Department does not have a copy of the GAC first year of operation report. Since the City has recently provided an updated operations plan that includes some of the aspects required in permit provision No. 12. Therefore, by July 15, 2015 the City needs to submit annual report summarizing and assessing GAC treatment unit performance during the previous year.

Enforcement History: Citation 03-12-12C-001, issued January 17, 2013 The City was issued a Citation for non-compliance with the Total Coliform Rule. The City is required to collect a minimum of four routine samples per month. In November 2012 the City had a total of 3 total coliform positive samples. Several rounds of repeats were taken to verify that the bacteriological contamination no longer existed in the distribution system. Status: The City was directed to provide public notification and submit an investigative report on the incident. All directives of the Citation were complied with by the dates set in the Citation. Compliance Order 03-12-11O-001, issued February 2011 The City was issued a Compliance Order for Well No. 17 for non-compliance with the arsenic MCL of 0.010 µg/L. Well No. 17 had a running annual average for 2010 was 0.012 µg/L. The City provided public notification when required and submitted a corrective action plan to the Department. The City didn’t use Well No. 17 to supply the distribution system from February 2011 through March 2013. The City would flush the well to waste to sample this well on a quarterly basis, while it was not being used in the distribution system, and reported these results in the quarterly progress reports. The City rehabilitated Well No. 17 in April 2012 and the well currently meets drinking water standards. Status: The City is now using Well No. 17 on a regular basis and current the arsenic running annual average is 6.7 µg/L. See the arsenic section of this report for further details. Based on the monitoring since the rehabilitation, the City has 5 quarters of arsenic data with a running annual average below the MCL. Therefore, the Department has returned Well No. 17 to compliance with the arsenic MCL.

B. Brief Description of System

The City’s source of domestic water supply is groundwater from seven (7) active wells (Well Nos. 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, and 17), and one (1) inactive well (Well No. 9).


The water system consists of three (3) distinct pressure zones; one serving the general municipal area of the City along with some unincorporated areas, the second serving the East Shafter Water Improvement Area and the third serving the Southeast Shafter Improvement Area. Bishop Acres, previously a small community water system in Kern County, has been consolidated into the City’s distribution system in May 2014. As part of the consolidation the Bishop Acres’ well was deeded to the City, but it will need to be permitted for use in the City’s distribution system prior to serving the distribution system. A permit amendment application needs to be submitted before the well is used in the City’s system. The City has four storage reservoirs, Tank No. 1 is 0.8 million gallon (MG), Tank No. 2 is 2.3 MG and Tanks Nos. 3 and 4 are both 0.8 MG. Well No. 9 is inactive due to nitrate concentrations above the maximum contaminant level (MCL) and is therefore not used. The City’s wastewater is treated at the North of the River waste water treatment plant. The City pays a fee to have the waste water treated at this facility.

C. Number of Customers and Annual Water Production

The City’s water system is a community water system. Based on the information reported in the 2012 electronic annual report (EAR), the City serves 4,303 connections to approximately 16,928 people. The City bills approximately 3,833 service connections at a flat rate and 470 connections are billed a metered rate for water service.

Table 1: Production Data (2003-2012)

Year Population Service Connections

Annual Production (MG)

Maximum Month (MG) /Month

Maximum Day (MG)

2012 16,928 4,303 1,644 218/July 9.6 2011 16,208 4,178 1,646 227/July 8.5 2010 16,208 4,151 1,520 219/August 8.8 2009 15,812 4,207 1,492 209/August 8.5 2008 14,501 4,090 1,714 -- 9.1 2007 14,982 4,220 1,554 213/August 10.9 2006 14,501 3,863 1,593 227/August 9.0 2005 14,113 3,774 1,528 216/August 9.0 2004 13,692 3,652 1,540 220/August 8.3 2003 13,343 3,517 1,590 -- 9.0 D. Source of Supply

Source Water Assessment


The source water assessments program (SWAP) for Well Nos. 6, 7, 8, 11, 12 and 14 were completed in 1999. The SWAP for Well No. 17 still has not been completed. By July 15, 2014, the City needs provide the Department with the possible contaminating activities (PCA) checklist so the SWAP can be completed for this well. Therefore, the Department will complete the SWAP, and the City will receive a copy when it is complete. General Source Information Access to all the well sites and the storage tanks are restricted with locked fences. The water from all of the wells is continuously chlorinated at each well site. City staff visits each well site daily to read flow meters and check the operation of equipment, all of the wells are equipped with Water Specialties totalizing flow meters. The City has decided that due to dropping ground water levels, weekly well sounding to evaluate pumping and static water levels is the best way to monitor well yield. One well will be chosen annually based on maintenance priority or the results of the well sounding, to keep each source in good operational condition. All of the City’s sources have detectable concentrations (≥ 0.005 µg/L) of 1, 2, 3-TCP concentration (this is discussed later in the report). Active Sources: Well No. 6 (1510019-002) This well was drilled in 1954 to a depth of 712 feet. The completed well contains a 14-inch diameter steel casing. The perforated interval is 200 feet in depth, from 512 feet to 712 feet. The annular seal is 150 feet in depth. Well No. 6 is in the process of being destroyed due to age and the lack of yield to sufficiently supply the area of town in which it is located. The City is proposing to drill a new well (Well No. 16) on this same site. By July 15, 2014, the City needs to submit a permit application to inactive Well No. 6 and add Well No. 16 as an active source. Well No. 7 (1510019-003) This well was drilled in 1957 to a depth of 700 feet and contains a 14-inch diameter steel casing. The perforated interval is 200 feet in depth, from 500 feet to 700 feet. The well is gravel-packed and its cement annular seal is 150 feet in depth. The well is equipped with a Smithway oil-lubricated deep well turbine (DWT) pump powered by a 265-HP natural gas engine. During the sanitary survey the well was producing approximately 750 gpm. The natural gas engine was installed in September 1998 to replace a diesel engine and reduce emissions into the air. A copy of the Department of Water Resources (DWR) Well Completion Report is on file with the Department.


The speed and stroke settings on the LMI chlorination metering pump were 70 and 30, respectively. Well No. 7 discharges to either Tank No. 1 or to the distribution system via an 8,000-gallon pressure tank, based on system pressure. Well No. 8 (1510019-004) This well was drilled in 1961 to a depth of 700 feet and contains an 8-inch diameter steel casing (the original casing was 14-inches). The perforated interval is 200 feet in depth, from 500 feet to 700 feet. An annular seal is present from the ground surface to a depth of 150 feet. The well is gravel-packed. Since the last sanitary survey Well No. 8 was switched from an oil-lubricated 250 HP DWT pump to a 200 HP Franklin® submersible pump and motor. During the sanitary survey, the well’s flow meter reading was approximately 1,100 gpm. A copy of the DWR Well Completion Report is on file with the Department. The speed and stroke settings on the LMI chlorination metering pump were 25 and 100, respectively. Well No. 8 discharges to the distribution system via a pressure tank. The nearest sewer line is about 35 feet from the well. Well No. 11 (1510019-007) This well was drilled in 1982 to a depth of 830 feet and contains a 16-inch diameter steel casing. The perforated interval is from 500 feet to 800 feet in depth. The well is gravel-packed and the cement annular seal is 50 feet in depth. Well No. 11 is equipped with a Peerless oil-lubricated DWT pump powered by a 150 HP Newman Electric® motor. According to City Staff this well is capable of producing approximately 1,100 gpm. There is a sewer main approximately 65 feet south of the well and a sewage lift station at least 50 feet from the well, which meets all the separation requirements. Discharge to the distribution system is through a 10,000-gallon pressure tank. The normal system pressure from this location is about 50 pound per square inch (psi). A copy of the DWR Well Completion Report is on file with the Department. The speed and stroke settings on the LMI chlorination metering pump were not accessible during the sanitary survey. Well No. 11 discharges to the distribution system via a pressure vessel. The nearest sewer line is greater than 55 from the well. Well No. 12 (1510019-008) This well was drilled in 1994 to a depth of 830 feet and contains a 16-inch steel casing. The perforated interval is from 500 feet to 800 feet in depth. A cement annular seal is 480 feet in depth. The well is gravel packed and is equipped with an oil-lubricated Worthington DWT pump powered by a 300 HP U.S. Electric® motor. According to City Staff this well is capable of producing approximately 1,700 gpm.


Currently, the pump and motor of Well No. 12 has been pulled, cleaned the casing, lowered the bowls from 400 feet to 460 feet, and a variable frequency drive (VFD) will be installed. This well will be back online for the peak demand season. A copy of the DWR Well Completion Report is on file with the Department. The speed and stroke settings on the LMI chlorination metering pump were not accessible during the sanitary survey. Well No. 12 discharges directly to the distribution system. The distance to the nearest sewer line is unknown. Well No. 14 (1510019-009) This well was drilled in 1999 to a depth of 800 feet. The well contains a 16-inch diameter steel casing. The perforated interval extends from 500 feet to 800 feet in depth. The cement annular seal is 480 feet in depth. The conductor casing is present from the ground surface to a depth of 50 feet. The well is gravel packed and is equipped with an oil-lubricated pump powered by a 300 HP US Motors® DWT motor. During the sanitary survey the well was producing approximately 2,100 gpm. A copy of the DWR Well Completion Report is on file with the Department. There are three (3) GAC treatment vessels at this site removing 1, 2, 3-TCP from the water. 1, 2, 3-TCP is an unregulated chemical with a notification level (NL) and detection limit for purposes of reporting (DLR) of 0.005-μg/L, there is also a draft public health goal (PHG) of 0.0007 µg/L. The current response level (RL) for 1, 2, 3-TCP is one hundred times the NL or 0.5-μg/L. At the response level, the Department recommends the source be taken out of service. There are three (3) GAC treatment vessels at this site removing 1, 2, 3 – TCP from the water. In June 2013, the third vessel was installed for treatment of the well’s full flow of 2,100 gpm. The City submitted the Operations Plan on January 27, 2014. The Operations Plan outlines the proposed facilities, monitoring and sampling, nitrate sloughing and carbon change outs. Monthly total coliform and HPC’s are collected from the raw and treated water, as well as monthly treated nitrate and 1, 2, 3-TCP monitoring. Raw water nitrate and 1, 2, 3-TCP monitoring will be conducted on a quarterly basis. The Department considers all “Treatment Plant Operations Plans” to be living documents that will be modified as changes to the operations are made. The operation plan appears to address all aspects and issues pertaining to the addition of the third treatment vessel. The January 2014 operations plan is hereby approved by the Department. The speed and stroke settings on the LMI chlorination metering pump were not accessible during the sanitary survey. Well No. 14 discharges to the distribution system via a pressure tank. The nearest sewer line is about 75 feet from the well. Well No. 17 (1510019-018)


This well was drilled in 2008 to a depth of 860 feet. The perforated interval is from 545 feet to 635 feet and 680 feet to 840 feet in depth. The cement annular is 525 feet in depth. The well is gravel packed and is equipped with an oil-lubricated DWT pump powered by a 400 HP U.S. Electric® motor. According to City Staff this well is capable of producing approximately 2,000 gpm. The well site is completely fenced and is surrounded by a newly developed City park. Adjacent to the well site is a ponding basin that is used when the City flushes the well to waste. The well is equipped with a right angle drive for the purpose of supplying auxiliary power in the event of an emergency. A 6,000 gallon pressure tank is onsite for surge protection. The speed and stroke settings on the LMI chlorination metering pump were 30 and 100, respectively. A copy of the DWR Well Completion Report is on file with the Department. The well is also equipped with a variable frequency drive (VFD) that controls the well pump and allows for the conservation of electricity and ease of operation. However, the VFD is not being used at this time, as the City has found that the most efficient way to operate this well for compliance with the arsenic MCL is to allow several hours of run time. The well was cycling on and off because it supplies the southern portion of the City along with another high yielding well (Well No. 11). The area would become pressurized too quickly and signal for the well to shut off, which is counterproductive for a well that need to run for an extended period of time to maintain lower arsenic levels. The well operates about 8 to 10 hours per day, by City staff turning the well to manual operation. Due to Compliance Order, the City was instructed to monitor quarterly and provide public notification as long as the well exceeded the arsenic MCL and is used in the system. The City complied with these directives of the Compliance Order. Since the well was rehabilitated the arsenic running annual average for Well No. 17 is 6.7 ug/L, the well has been under the arsenic MCL of 10.0 ug/L since the second quarter of 2012. Therefore, the Department has returned the well to compliance. A printout of all the arsenic monitoring from Well No. 17 is provided in Appendix F. Inactive Sources: Well No. 9 (1510019-005) This well was drilled in 1967 to a depth of 690 feet and contains a 14-inch diameter steel casing. Perforations are from 490 feet to 690. The well is gravel-packed and has an annular seal that extends from the ground surface to a depth of 150 feet. Thirty-inch diameter steel conductor casing is present from the ground surface to a depth of 150 feet. The well is equipped with a Jacuzzi 150-HP oil-lubricated DWT pump and can produce 1,400 gpm. A copy of the DWR Well Drillers Report is on file with the Department. Well No. 9 has not been used in the system since 1991, because


concentrations of DBCP were above the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL). Nitrate was also found at or above the MCL; and 1, 2-dichloropropane and 1, 2, 3-trichloropropane were detected. By July 15, 2014, the City needs to submit a plan and time schedule for the future of this well. Adequacy of Supply The City uses seven (7) active groundwater wells and four storage tanks to meet the water system demand. However, only six wells are currently being used, since Well No. 6 will be destroyed. The average day, maximum day and peak hour demands during the last ten years for the City of Shafter are listed in Table 2. According to the California Waterworks Standards, the maximum day demand (MDD) was determined by City water production records. Peak hour demand was calculated using the maximum day demand and a peak peaking factor of 1.5.

Table 2: Water Demand (gpm) City of Shafter 2003-2012

Year Avg. Day (gpm)

Max. Day (gpm)

Peak Hour (gpm)

MDD/Service Conn. (gpm)

2012 4,884 6,667 10,000 1.5 2011 5,085 5,903 8,854 1.4 2010 4,906 6,111 9,167 1.5 2009 4,682 5,903 8,854 1.4 2008 4,811 6,319 9,479 1.5 2007 4,772 7,569 11,354 1.8 2006 5,085 6,250 9,375 1.6 2005 4,839 6,250 9,375 1.7 2004 4,928 5,764 8,646 1.6 2003 4,811 6,250 9,375 1.8

According to the Waterworks Standard the highest water usage during the last ten years is used to estimate the average day, maximum day and peak hour demand for the system. Based on Table 2, the year with the highest demand was 2007 with an average day, maximum day and peak hour demand of approximately 4,772, 7,569, and 11,354 gpm, respectively.

Table 3: Source Capacity Source Capacity (gpm)

Well No. 6 600* Well No. 7 750 Well No. 8 1,100

Well No. 11 1,100 Well No. 12 1,700 Well No. 14 2,100 Well No.17 2,000


Total Source Capacity 8,750 *This well is in the process of being destroyed and cannot be used to supply the distribution system.

The combined capacity of the six active sources is (excluding Well No. 6) is approximately 8,750 gpm. Based on the 2007 water usage, the City has adequate capacity to supply the maximum day demand of 7,569 gpm. According to the California Waterworks Standards, a public water system serving more than 1,000 service connections should be able to meet four hours of peak hour demand with source capacity, storage capacity and emergency connections. The City cannot supply peak hour demands with the use of sources alone; however they are able to supply peak hour demand with sources and storage capacity.

E. Storage

The City’s storage consists of four (4) ground level storage tanks with a total storage capacity of 4.7-MG. Tanks 1 and 2 supply the City Water Service Area with a total capacity of 3.05-MG of storage, while Tank 3 serves Southeast Shafter Water Improvement Area and Tank 4 serves the East Shafter Water Improvements Area. Tanks 1 and 2 are not a part of the same pressure zone as Tanks 3 and 4, due to the distance between the zones that the tanks serve.

Table 4: Storage Location Storage Capacity (MG)

Tank 1 (Site No. 7) 0.8 Tank 2 (Site No. 14) 2.3

Tank 3 (Southeast Shafter) 0.8 Tank 4 (East Shafter) 0.8

Total 4.7

Tank 1 is normally filled by Well No. 7 and can be filled from the distribution system via an altitude. The tank has a separate bottom inlet and bottom outlet. Tank 2 has the same capability as Tank 1 to be filled from the system, but has a top inlet and bottom outlet configuration. According to the average daily demand of approximately 4,772 gpm, the City’s storage capacity represents approximately 16 hours of average day demand. The Department recommends that all storage tanks are inspected and cleaned every 5 years. The City needs to ensure that these tanks are inspected, at a minimum, at this frequency.

F. Treatment Chlorination The City provides continuous chlorination of the water supply at all seven well sites. Chlorination is injected into the discharge line of each well. The City currently uses NSF/ANSI Standard 60 certified sodium hypochlorite (12.5%). Each chlorine station


consists of an LMI® metering pump and a 30 gallon sodium hypochlorite container. During the last sanitary survey it was noted that the chlorination housing and storage were not protected from direct sun exposure. Since the last sanitary survey in 2011, the City has built fenced chlorination facilities with a roof that protects the sodium hypochlorite from direct sun exposure. Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) GAC treatment was originally installed at Well No. 14 to treat 50% of the well’s flow with two vessels for 1, 2, 3 - TCP. The percentage treated increased to 60% in 2011, in an effort to see how the life of the media will change with the increased flow. In June 2013, the City installed an additional GAC vessel to treat the full flow from Well No. 14. The GAC treatment plant consists of three steel pressure vessels configured in parallel. Each steel pressure vessel is 22-feet high and 10-feet in diameter, providing a GAC volume of approximately 720-cubic feet per vessel. The vessels contain approximately 20,000-pounds of NSF/ANSI Standard 61 certified Filtrasorb-300 granular activated carbon, manufactured by Calgon Carbon Corp. Previously the treatment was configured such that the untreated flow would be discharged to the 2.3 MG tank via bypass line. The treated water was blended with raw water using a static mixer. However, now that the entire flow from this well is treated, the bypass line and static mixer are no longer used. The carbon’s bed life was approximately 12 months. See Appendix B for the historical raw and treated 1, 2, 3-TCP monitoring. Effluent water from the GAC vessels is chlorinated using 12.5% sodium hypochlorite solution before being discharged into the on-site 2.3-million gallon (MG) storage tank. Chlorine residual leaving the tank is maintained at approximately 1.0-mg/L.

G. Booster Stations There are twelve booster pumps used by the City to boost water from the storage tanks through the distribution system. System pressure is maintained at 40 to 50 pounds per square inch (psi).

Table 5: Booster Pumps Site Name Booster Pumps Type of power

7 1-40 HP @ 1,000 gpm Electric

7 1-60 HP @ 1,000 gpm Natural Gas (backup)

14 1-50 HP and 1-60 HP for 1,500 gpm Electric

14 1 @ 1,500 gpm Natural Gas

Southeast Shafter 3 combine for 4,500 gpm Electric East Shafter 4 combine for 4,000 gpm Electric


H. Distribution System

The City’s sources provide services to three distinct pressure zones, one serving the general municipal needs of the City and unincorporated areas lying south and north of the core service area. Another pressure zone serves the Minter Field and Shafter Airport (East Shafter) which are supplied by Tank No. 4. The third pressure zone is Southeast Shafter Water Improvement Area, it serves the industrial park. Distribution pressure in the City water service area is maintained between 40 and 50 psi. Pressure variations are minimal within the City water service area, as the system is completely looped. The pressure in the Minter Field Airport area is between 46 - 48 psi. The City Water Service Area’s distribution system consists of C-900 PVC or C-905 PVC (65%), with the remaining piping consisting of asbestos-cement pipelines (35%). The old asbestos-cement pipes are being replaced with PVC. All new mains are installed in accordance with the AWWA construction and disinfection standards. The City exercises its valves as time allows in the core portion of the system and the airport valves are exercised every few months. The system contains 100 dead ends, 58 of which are provided with blowoff valves and flushed triennially. All breaks and leaks are repaired and/or replaced as discovered.

I. Water Quality Monitoring

The City has two types of water quality monitoring requirements: source and distribution system. The source water quality monitoring is collected from the seven active wells and the distribution system monitoring is collected within the distribution system. The sampling requirements and frequencies for the two types of monitoring are discussed in the following sections. Source Monitoring Source Classification and Data Submittal The City’s wells are classified for monitoring purposes based on the type of source, location and population of the community served. The seven wells in the City are classified as community water system, groundwater sources, with greater than a 3,300 population in an agricultural area (CLGA). A copy of the Water Quality Monitoring Schedule for CLGA is provided in Appendix C. All source water quality monitoring compliance is based on the Department’s Water Quality Inquiry (WQI) database. All chemical water quality monitoring from the


sources must be submitted to the Department via electronic data transfer (EDT). In order for EDT to work properly, the City must identify the samples with the correct station number (primary station code). In Table 6 the City’s permitted sources, their operational status and primary station code are listed.

Table 6: Sources status, and primary station code Source Status Primary Station Code

Well No. 6 Active* 1510019-002 Well No. 7 Active 1510019-003 Well No. 8 Active 1510019-004

Well No. 11 Active 1510019-007 Well No. 12 Active 1510019-008 Well No. 14 Active 1510019-009 Well No. 17 Active 1510019-017

*Well No. 6 is not currently supplying the distribution system, the well will be destroyed.

Source Bacteriological Monitoring The City was required to install continuous chlorination on all active sources due to a total coliform failure that occurred in January 1997. Continuous chlorination of the water supply was mandated by the Department in March 1997, Permit No. 03-12-97P-000. City provides continuous chlorination of the distribution system, and is required to collect raw water bacteriological samples from the well discharge monthly. All bacteriological monitoring is submitted directly to the Department (Visalia District). A summary of the City’s raw water bacteriological monitoring is provided in Appendix D. Chemical Water Quality General Mineral, General Physical and Inorganic Chemicals The City is required to monitor groundwater from each active well for inorganic chemicals, general minerals, and general physical quality every three years. The wells were last sampled for general mineral, general physical, and inorganic chemicals in 2013, the wells are next due to be sampled in 2016. See Appendix E for a report from the Department’s website titled “Drinking Water Monitoring Schedule”. This report displays the last sample date, result and when the next sample is due. The City must sample for the required constituents and submit results via EDT to the Department. Asbestos, nitrate and nitrite have different monitoring schedules than all other general mineral, general physical, and inorganic chemicals.

Arsenic The City is required to sample for arsenic every three years for all active sources with sampling below the arsenic Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 10.0 µg/L. Should an active source produce arsenic over the 10.0 µg/L, quarterly


monitoring is required for four consecutive quarters to determine compliance with the arsenic MCL. All wells were last sampled in 2013, with all results below the MCL, except for Well No. 17. The next round of arsenic monitoring is due in 2016. Well No. 17 is the only active well in the City that has had detectable arsenic and at times exceeding the MCL. On February 10, 2011 the Department issued the City Compliance Order No. 03-12-11CO-001, for the exceedance of the arsenic MCL of 10.0 µg/L. The well was not used between the first quarter of 2011 through the third quarter 2012, because the running annual average was greater than the MCL. Since the Compliance Order was issued, the City routinely flushed the well and sampled for arsenic. In April 2012 the City rehabilitated this well by pulling the pump, videoing the casing and chemically cleaning the casing. Since the rehabilitation work was completed, the arsenic levels have dropped below the MCL consistently for several quarters. Once treatment or actions are taken to reduce a source from exceeding an MCL, twelve (12) consecutive months or four quarters of compliance with the MCL is required before a source can return to compliance. The running annual average for Well No. 17 has been in compliance for five (5) quarters. Therefore, the Department returned Well No. 17 to compliance with the arsenic MCL. Appendix F is a quarterly summary of the arsenic sampling from Well No. 17. Nitrate The City is required to monitor groundwater for nitrate annually if monitoring data indicates nitrate concentrations of less than half the MCL, and quarterly if the concentrations are greater than or equal to half the MCL. All of the City’s wells, except Well No. 11, have had results over half the MCL. The City has completed quarterly monitoring for one year and has been reduced to annual monitoring once again. The last nitrate samples from all wells were collected in 2013 and are next due by December 31, 2014. Appendix G is a printout of the last five years of nitrate monitoring for Well No. 11. Permit No. 03-12-09P-006 requires that weekly nitrate monitoring be conducted from the GAC effluent. Nitrite Public water systems are required to monitor groundwater active sources for nitrite (N) triennially if initial monitoring data indicate nitrite concentrations of less than half the MCL, and annually if the concentrations found during initial monitoring are greater than or equal half the MCL. The nitrite MCL is 1,000 mg/L. The last nitrite samples were taken in 2012 and are next due by December 31, 2015.

Volatile Organic Chemical (VOC)


The City is required to sample all active wells for VOCs every three years. The wells were last sampled in 2013 with results that were non-detectable. Well No. 6 was not sampled for 1, 1, 1 – Trichloroethane in 2013. Since Well No. 6 is in the process of being destroyed, this monitoring will not be required unless the status of this well changes. Synthetic Organic Chemical (SOC) Synthetic Organic Chemical sampling is required for groundwater sources every three years after the initial monitoring is complete. The initial monitoring for SOC’s has been completed for all wells. The last SOC samples were collected in 2013 from all wells except for EDB. All the City’s active sources were last sampled for EDB in 2011 and are next due for EDB in 2014. The City may want to collect a sample and have them all analyzed for SOC’s in 2014 so they are on the same monitoring frequency.

Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) The City’s active sources have shown detectable DBCP results dating back to 1995 (based on WQI); none of the City’s active wells has ever exceeded the MCL of 0.2 µg/L. All wells are required to be monitored annually for DBCP. The City chose to sample quarterly for DBCP since the l995, in 2011 the City reduced monitoring of DBCP to required annual monitoring which is allowed according to regulations. Appendix H is a printout of the historical DBCP monitoring. 1, 2, 3-Trichloropropane (TCP) All of the City’s active sources have detectable 1, 2, 3-Trichloropropane (1, 2, 3-TCP) concentrations. Historically, Well No. 14 has had concentrations between 0.02 and 0.49-micrograms per liter (µg/L). In August 2009, the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) established a draft public health goal (PHG) for 1, 2, 3-TCP of 0.0007 µg/L. In 2009 the City was proactive and decided to install treatment for the removal of 1, 2, 3-TCP from the water produced by Well No. 14. Treatment for 1, 2, 3-TCP removal began in December 2009. This well was selected because the well site is large, has a capacity of 2,100 gpm and there is a 2.3 MG tank onsite. The City provides a monthly GAC treatment plant report to the Department, that documents the treated and monthly effluent concentration of 1, 2, 3-TCP.

Appendix B is a printout of the historical 1, 2, 3-TCP results from all of the City’s wells. Since most of the City’s sources exceed the notification level, therefore it is required that notification be made to the local governing board-


City Council. The City provided notification to the City Council of the 1, 2, 3-TCP exceedance on December 19, 2006. The City understands that compliance with this contaminant will be required once the MCL is set. While the City is not required to provide treatment for 1, 2, 3 - TCP, the City has chosen to be proactive and install treatment at Well No. 14. The Department issued the City a permit to treat 1, 2, 3-TCP at Well No. 14 with GAC. The City is using this site as a full scale pilot study, because the City plans over time to install GAC at each site or provide centralized treatment of multiple sources for 1, 2, 3-TCP.

Radiological Monitoring The initial radiological monitoring for each well is based on the collection of four consecutive quarterly samples for gross alpha particle activity and radium-228. All the wells have completed the initial radiological monitoring. The Department has determined that all sources that once initial radiological monitoring for radium 228 is complete then all monitoring is for radium 228 is waived. The appropriate radiological monitoring frequency and the next sample due date for the City’s wells are provided in Table 9 below.

Table 9: Radiological monitoring frequency and next sample date

Distribution Monitoring Distribution monitoring is conducted at various locations in the distribution system. All distribution system water quality monitoring is sent to the Department (Visalia District) directly from the City or the analyzing laboratory. Bacteriological Based on the population served (16,928) and service connections (4,303), the City is required to collect at least four (4) routine bacteriological samples per week from the distribution system. The City’s approved bacteriological sample siting plan (BSSP)

Source Gross Alpha Well No. 6 1 sample in 9 years (Next due 2013)

Well No. 7 1 sample in 9 years (Next due 2020)

Well No. 8 1 sample in 9 years (Next due 2016) Well No.11 1 sample in 9 years (Next due 2016)

Well No. 12 1 sample in 9 years (Next due 2016)

Well No. 14 1 sample in 9 years (Next due 2016) Well No. 17 1 sample in 9 years (Next due 2018)


dated March 20, 2003 identifies the collection of six samples per week. The BSSP also identifies 24 routine sample sites, each with two designated repeat sites. California Code of Regulations requires that all water systems update the BSSP every ten years; the City’s BSSP is over ten years old. By July 15, 2014, the City needs to submit an updated BSSP to the Department for review and approval. The City has had 5 total coliform positive samples in the distribution system samples from January 2011 through December 2013. There has been no E. coli. bacteria positive samples in the distribution system or in any of the active sources from January 2011 thru December 2013. See Appendix I for a summary of these results. Lead and Copper The City completed the initial lead and copper monitoring requirements and is now allowed to collect the reduced number of 30 triennial samples. The City’s 90th percentile for lead and copper concentrations are below the lead action level of 0.015 mg/L and the copper action level of 1.3 mg/L. The City may continue with the reduced monitoring and the collection frequency of every three years. The last round of monitoring was conducted in 2012, with a 90th percentile of < 0.001 mg/L for lead and 0.016 mg/L for copper. The next round of lead and copper monitoring is due in the summer of 2015 (June 1, 2012 through September 30, 2015). A Lead and Copper Rule Tracking Report is provided in Appendix J. Disinfection By-Products Monitoring Stage 2 DBPR The City began conducting stage 2 DBP monitoring in the fourth quarter of 2013. The Department approved the City’s IDSE Standard Monitoring Plan, which listed 8 sample sites within the distribution system, from which 4 were selected as the Stage 2 sites. Compliance with the Stage 2 DBPR is based on a four quarter average from each individual sample location. Table 10 is the first quarter of ST2 DBP monitoring. Compliance with this rule cannot be determined until the fourth quarter 2014 results are collected and analyzed.

Table 10: Stage 2 DBP Monitoring

J. Maintenance and Operation

Sample Location TTHM Result (mg/L) HAA5 Result (mg/L) One Fanucchi Way 3.6 1.2 18854 Beech Ave. 3.1 1.1 Zerker Rd. Hydrant 43 5.2 29789 Riverside Ave. 3 1.1


The wells and storage tanks are visited at least once every day, where chlorine residual measurements are taken and production data is recorded for each source. Distribution Classification Based on the size and complexity of the system, the City’s distribution system is classified as a D3 system. Therefore, the City must have a D3 certified distribution system operator to oversee all aspects of the distribution system. Mr. Michael James possesses a D3 operator license, which satisfies the D3 distribution classification. The City is required to have a certified treatment operator for the GAC treatment. The City contracts McMor Chlorination, Inc. for the purpose of overseeing the operation of the GAC treatment. McMor Chlorination Inc., employs personnel that hold water treatment operator certifications ranging from a T1 through a T5, which satisfies the T2 operator requirement. Cross-Connection Control Program Mr. Kelly Harrington is the cross-connection control program coordinator and is a certified cross connection control specialist. There are 308 backflow prevention assemblies. In 2012, twenty nine (29) backflow prevention assemblies were installed and 300 devices were tested; twenty six (26) failed and were repaired. According to regulations, all backflow devices must be tested annually. The City needs to ensure that all devices are tested annually. Emergency Notification Plan (ENP) The City’s current ENP is dated May 28 2013. The City attached a list of phone numbers of radio stations, television stations and newspapers that would be contacted to inform customers of a water quality emergency. The City anticipates being able to notify customers within a short amount of time a water quality emergency. Customers in the outlying areas will be served by handbills and a sound truck can be notified within an hour. The ENP identifies Mr. Michael James, Public Works Director, as the primary contact. Electronic Annual Report (EAR) The 2012 EAR was received by the Department on March 19, 2013. There were a total of 6 complaints reported (taste and odor, color and two other non-specific concerns) to the City in 2012.

City of Shafter Sanitary Survey Report June 2014 Page 20 K. System Appraisal

The City of Shafter, currently supplies water that meets all primary drinking water standards. The City has adequate source and storage capacity to meet maximum day and peak hour demands with source and storage capacity. The existing wells and storage facilities were in good operational condition at the time of the inspection. The City was issued Compliance Order for arsenic exceeding the MCL in Well No. 17 in 2011. In April 2012 the City rehabilitated No. 17. Since the well rehabilitation the running annual average is 6.7 ug/L which is below the MCL. Effective March 6, 2014, the City was returned to compliance for arsenic MCL at Well No. 17. Therefore, the Compliance Order is no longer in effect. The City is in the process of destroying Well No. 6 and plans to drill a new (Well No. 16) well on the same site. The City needs to submit a permit application to add Well No. 16 as an active source and to inactivate Well No. 6. The Department has not established an MCL for 1, 2, 3-TCP, but a draft public health goal of 0.0007 µg/L has been established. All of the City’s wells have shown detection of 1, 2, 3-TCP above the draft PHG and notification level of 0.005 µg/L. The City has decided to be proactive on the installation and operation of one GAC treatment plant for 1, 2, 3-TCP removal at Well No. 14, which is a good public health measure. Well No. 14 has GAC treatment to remove 1, 2, 3-TCP from the raw water. Bishop Acres received DWR funds for a project to consolidate into the City of Shafter water system. This water system is a located on the border of the City’s service area. Bishop Acres was consolidated into the City’s distribution system in May 2014. If the well will be added to the City of Shafter’s system, a permit amendment application needs to be submitted for the addition of this source. This source can be added to the permit amendment that will be submitted for Well No. 16.

The following is a list of items that need to be addressed by the City: 1. By July 15, 2014, the City needs to submit an updated bacteriological sample

siting plan to the Department.

2. By July 15, 2014, the City needs to submit a permit amendment application for Well No. 16 or notify the Department of plans with Well No. 6.


3. By July 15, 2014, the City needs to submit the potential contaminating activities (PCA) checklist for Well No. 17.

4. By July 15, 2015 the City needs to submit annual report summarizing and assessing GAC treatment unit performance during the previous year.

Appendix A Photographs Appendix B 1, 2, 3-TCP Historical Monitoring Appendix C Water Quality Monitoring Schedule for CLGA Appendix D Raw Water Bacteriological Monitoring Appendix E Drinking Water Monitoring Schedule Appendix F Well No. 17 Arsenic Historical Monitoring Appendix G Historical Nitrate Monitoring for Well No. 11 Appendix H Historical DBCP Monitoring Appendix I Distribution System Bacteriological Monitoring Appendix J Lead and Copper Tracking Results

Documents

California Department of Public Health MEMORANDUM - Home Page | California State Water ... · 2017-03-03 · 5. No additions, changes or modifications to the sources of water supply